Effects of dynamic changes in histone acetylation and deacetylase activity on pulmonary fibrosis

Publication date: November 2017
Source:International Immunopharmacology, Volume 52
Author(s): Mingwei Li, Yi Zheng, Huihui Yuan, Yuan Liu, Xiaohong Wen
ObjectiveHistone deacetylases (HDACs) play an important role in dysregulation of histone acetylation/deacetylation, which is the main driving force of the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Here we investigated the changes in histone acetylation/deacetylation, and the contribution of specific class I and class II HDACs in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis.MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice received a single dose of tracheal administration of bleomycin to establish the pulmonary fibrosis model. The changes in acetylation rate of histone 3 (H3) and histone 4 (H4), and the activity of HDAC2 and HDAC4 in the lung tissue during the progression from alveolitis to pulmonary fibrosis were measured.ResultsThe acetylation rate of H3/H4 significantly decreased during alveolitis and the early and middle stages of fibrosis, but restored in the late stage of fibrosis. Correlation analysis showed that H4 deacetylation affected both alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis. H3 deacetylation only affected alveolitis. HDAC2 activity significantly increased in the middle and late stages of pulmonary fibrosis. There was no significant difference in HDAC4 activity between bleomycin and saline groups. However, HDAC4 activity changed significantly with the progression of the disease in bleomycin group. The changes in HDAC2 and HDAC4 activity were different. HDAC2 had long-lasting effects, while HDAC4 had transient effects. Correlation analysis showed that HDAC2 and HDAC4 activity was positively correlated with alveolitis score and fibrosis score.ConclusionsThe changes in histone acetylation may directly regulate the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines/fibronectin and thus affect the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. The injury-induced histone deacetylation switched into acetylation at the late stage of pulmonary fibrosis, which may be involved in the repair process. HDAC2 is mainly involved in the chronic progression of pulmonary fibrosis, and HDAC4 is mainly involved in early stress response to pulmonary fibrosis.



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Benefit of adaptive CT-based treatment planning in high-dose-rate endorectal brachytherapy for rectal cancer

Publication date: Available online 28 September 2017
Source:Brachytherapy
Author(s): Roy P.J. van den Ende, Eva C. Rijkmans, Ellen M. Kerkhof, Remi A. Nout, Martijn Ketelaars, Mirjam S. Laman, Corrie A.M. Marijnen, Uulke A. van der Heide
PurposeIn this planning study, we investigated the dosimetric benefit of repeat CT-based treatment planning at each fraction vs. the use of a single CT-based treatment plan for all fractions for high-dose-rate endorectal brachytherapy (HDREBT) for rectal cancer.Methods and MaterialsWe included 11 patients that received a CT scan with applicator in situ for all three fractions. The treatment plan of the first fraction was projected on the repeat CT scans to simulate the use of a single treatment plan. In addition, replanning was performed on the repeat CT scans, and these were compared to the corresponding projected treatment plans.ResultsRepeat CT-based treatment planning resulted on average in a 21% higher (p = 0.01) conformity index compared to single CT-based treatment planning. Projecting the initial treatment plan to the repeat CT scans of fraction two and three, 12/22 fractions reached a CTV D98 of 85% of the prescribed dose of 7 Gy, which increased to 14/22 using replanning. For the remaining fractions, median CTV D98 was 4.2 Gy, and an intervention would be necessary to correct applicator balloon setup or to remove remaining air and/or feces between the CTV and the applicator.ConclusionsUsing a single CT-based treatment plan for all fractions may result in a suboptimal treatment at later fractions. Therefore, repeat CT imaging should be the minimal standard practice in HDREBT for rectal cancer to determine whether an intervention would be necessary. Replanning based on repeat CT imaging resulted in more conformal treatment plans and is therefore recommended.



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The validity of Acuros BV and TG-43 for high-dose-rate brachytherapy superficial mold treatments

Publication date: Available online 28 September 2017
Source:Brachytherapy
Author(s): Eeva L. Boman, Thomas W.S. Satherley, Nanette Schleich, Dean B. Paterson, Lynne Greig, Rob J.W. Louwe
PurposeThe purpose of this work is to validate the Acuros BV dose calculation algorithm for high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy superficial mold treatments in the absence of full scatter conditions and compare this with TG-43 dose calculations. We also investigate the impact of additional back scatter material (bolus) applied above surface molds to the dose distributions under the mold.Methods and MaterialsThe absorbed dose at various depths was compared for simulations performed using either TG-43 or Acuros BV dose calculations. Parameter variations included treatment area, thickness of the bolus, and surface shape (flat or spherical). Film measurements were carried out in a flat phantom.ResultsAcuros BV calculations and film measurements agreed within 1.5% but were up to 15% lower than TG-43 dose calculations when no bolus was applied above the treatment catheters. The difference in dose at the prescription depth (1 cm below the central catheter) increased with increasing treatment area: 3.3% difference for a 3 × 3.5 cm² source loading area, 7.4% for 8 × 9 cm², and 13.4% for 18 × 19 cm². The dose overestimation of the TG-43 model decreased when bolus was added above the treatment catheters.ConclusionsThe TG-43 dosimetry formalism cannot model surface mold treatments in the absence of full scatter conditions within 5% for loading areas larger than approximately 5 × 5 cm². The TG-43 model results in an overestimation of the delivered dose, which increases with treatment area. This confirms the need for model-based dose calculation algorithms as discussed in TG-186.



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Earliest depiction of vitiligo in “Venus at a Mirror” (1615) by Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640)

Summary

The 1615 painting of Venus at a Mirror by Peter Paul Rubens is considered a powerful example of the Flemish Baroque movement. Recently it has been identified that the Venus character in the image has a goitre, however on studying the image further, I note dermato-pathology in another of the painting's main characters; the dark-skinned female typically described as the Venus' maidservant who clearly demonstrates patches of skin pigment loss on her face and neck with a concurrent streak of white hair. Together these suggest the underlying diagnosis of vitiligo. There is also a goitre in this individual suggesting thyroid disease. This new finding may offer additional insight into the historical epidemiology of disease in northern Europe but also offers further understanding of the method, origin, and pathological associations of this prominent painting from a genius artist.

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The 2016 Al-Mishraq sulphur plant fire: Source and health risk area estimation

Publication date: November 2017
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 169
Author(s): Oscar Björnham, Håkan Grahn, Pontus von Schoenberg, Birgitta Liljedahl, Annica Waleij, Niklas Brännström
On October 20, 2016, Daesh (Islamic State) set fire to the sulphur production site Al-Mishraq as the battle of Mosul in northern Iraq became more intense. An extensive plume of toxic sulphur dioxide and hydrogen sulphide caused comprehensive casualties. The intensity of the SO2 release was reaching levels of minor volcanic eruptions and the plume was observed by several satellites. By investigation of the measurement data from instruments on the MetOp-A, MetOp-B, Aura and Soumi satellites we have estimated the time-dependent source term to 161 kilotonnes sulphur dioxide released into the atmosphere during seven days. A long-range dispersion model was utilized to simulate the atmospheric transport over the Middle East. The ground level concentrations predicted by the simulation were compared with observation from the Turkey National Air Quality Monitoring Network. Finally, the simulation data provided, using a probit analysis of the simulated data, an estimate of the health risk area that was compared to reported urgent medical treatments.

Graphical abstract

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Development: Epigenome dynamics from seed to seedling

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Demographic history, selection and functional diversity of the canine genome

Despite being a single species, dogs represent nearly 400 breeds with substantial genetic, morphological and behavioural diversity. In this Review, Ostrander et al. discuss how genomics studies of dogs have enhanced our understanding of dog and human population history, the desired and unintended consequences of trait-based selective breeding, and potentially human-applicable insights into cancer, ageing, behaviour and neurological diseases.

http://ift.tt/2xy28b1

Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ Obstructiv

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ Obstructive sleep apnea ]

[PDF] Analysis of Efficient Biometric Index using Heart Rate Variability for Remote Monitoring of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

S Pirbhulal, H Zhang, W Wu, L Xu, YT Zhang - Neuropsychiatry (London), 2017

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) associated health problems are undiagnosed due
to the expensive and realistic limitations of overnight PSG examination. In this research, an
accurate and resource-efficient biometric index is proposed for remote monitoring of the

SCREENING FOR OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA (OSA) IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF): WHAT'S THE BEST TEST?

D Jonasson, S Irvine, S Starkey, S Su, R Johal… - Canadian Journal of …, 2017

Background OSA is a common condition characterized by recurrent occlusions of the upper
airway during sleep, leading to nocturnal hypoxemia, cardio-metabolic stress and sleep
disruption. In AF, the prevalence of OSA can be as high as 80%. Treatment with continuous

Treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea–hypopnea syndrome by mandible advanced device reduced neuron apoptosis in frontal cortex of rabbits

H Lu, W Wang, Z Zhou, C Liu, Y Liu, W Xiao, F Dong… - European Journal of …, 2017

... such as lacking repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep. ... AchE, acetylcholine
esterase; MAD, mandibular advancement device; OSAHS, obstructive sleep apnoea–hypopnea ...
1. Stansbury, RC and Strollo, PJ (2015) Clinical manifestations of sleep apnea. ...

Effectiveness of intranasal sodium hyaluronate in mitigating adverse effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy

I La Mantia, C Andaloro - American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, 2017

... Background: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in moderate-to-
severe cases of obstructive sleep apnea can cause nasal discomfort and other
undesirable problems. Objective: The aim of our study was to test ...

Characteristics of sleep-disordered breathing in patients with atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

J Strotmann, H Fox, T Bitter, O Sauzet, D Horstkotte… - Clinical Research in …, 2017

... Moderate-to-severe SDB (AHI ≥ 15/h) was classified according to the predominant type
of apneas (> 80% cen- tral events as CSA; > 80% obstructive events as OSA) or as mixed
sleep apnea (20–80% of events central or obstruc- tive respectively). ...

Craneofacial Morphology in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

ADCC Rennella, GES Guamán, ACT Peralta, E López… - Universitas Odontologica, 2017

ABSTRACT. Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a Sleep breathing disorder in
children associated with facial and skeletal features. Purpose: to identify craniofacial
features associated with OSA in Colombian children. Method: 43 children from 6-13 years

[PDF] Revolving door respiratory patients: A rehabilitative perspective

M Polastri, L Pisani, A Dell'Amore, S Nava - Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, 2017

... A periodical worsening of clinical conditions is common in asthma, acute respira- tory
distress syndrome survivors, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and pulmonary fibrosis,
as well as in patients with severe neuromus- cular diseases. ...

Airway volume analysis: is there a correlation between two and three-dimensions?

LS Martins, GS Liedke, LDS Heraldo, PF da Silveira… - European Journal of …, 2017

... RL (2014) Three-dimen- sional upper-airway changes with maxillomandibular advancement
for obstructive sleep apnea treatment. ... 2001) A comparison of nasopharyngeal endoscopy and
lateral cephalometric radiography in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal airway obstruction. ...

CARDIAC TAMPONADE DURING ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION, BEFORE AND AFTER INTRODUCTION OF CONTACT FORCE SENSING CATHETERS

S Spence, C Redpath, G Nair, P Nery, M Sadek… - Canadian Journal of …, 2017

... 317 SCREENING FOR OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA (OSA) IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF):
WHATLS THE ... The home sleep apnea test (HSAT) has demonstrated comparable diagnostic
accuracy to ... 41) suggesting that many patients are not sleepy CONCLUSION: Moderate to ...

[PDF] Airway Management in Neonates with Pierre Robin Syndrome along with Mobius Syndrome and Platoglossal Fusion

W Elmatite, N Haykal, S Upadhyay, M Pizzuto, S Watt - J Anesth Clin Res, 2017

... anomalies, including micrognathia, receding and short mandible, and cleft lip and/or palate
[1-5]. The major challenge for the anesthesiologist in these patients is airway management due
to glosssoptosis causing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This airway obstruction can exist ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΣΤΟΜΑ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙΤΙΣ ]

Temozolomide resistant human brain tumor stem cells are susceptible to recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus and double-deleted Vaccinia virus in vitro.

B Jiang, X Lun, X Hao, Y Wang, X Yin, D Huang, W He… - Biomedicine & …, 2017

BACKGROUND: Malignant glioma still has a poor prognosis and remains incurable.
Although temozolomide (TMZ) has demonstrated antitumor activity, its use recently has been
halted because of some patients' resistance to this drug. New treatments are desperately

Community pharmacist–led telephone follow-up enabled close management of everolimus-induced adverse events in an outpatient with metastatic breast cancer

S Yokoyama, S Yajima, C Sakai, S Yamashita… - … Pharmacists Journal/Revue …, 2017

PIKHER2: A phase IB study evaluating buparlisib in combination with lapatinib in trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive advanced breast cancer

M Guerin, K Rezai, N Isambert, M Campone, A Autret… - European Journal of Cancer, 2017

... Dose-limiting toxicities included transaminases elevation, vomiting, stomatitis, hyperglycemia
and diarrhoea. ... At this dose level, one patient presented DLT with grade III stomatitis, requiring
treatment interruption, hospitalisation and intravenous antalgic treatment. ...

[HTML] Oral, Pharyngeal and Laryngeal Lesions in Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid and Usefulness of Narrow Band Imaging

M Ohki, S Kikuchi, A Ohata - Scientific Pages Otolaryngol, 2017

... The two patients presented with sore throat and multiple stomatitis. Optic fiberscopy revealed
mucosal lesions on the gingiva, palate, epiglottis, and arytenoid. ... Case 1. A 77-year-old man
presented with sore throat and recurrent multiple stomatitis lasting 18 months. ...

Human Microbiome in Brazil

LC Paulino - The Brazilian Microbiome, 2017

... [101]. São José dos Campos-SP. 20 adult denture wearers (10 healthy and 10 with
stomatitis) (2 sample pools). ... Aphtous ulcers and denture stomatitis have been investigated
in two studies by the same research group from Brazil [100, 101]. ...

Treatment of Skin Disease E-Book: Comprehensive Therapeutic Strategies

MG Lebwohl, WR Heymann, J Berth-Jones, I Coulson - 2017

[PDF] Clinical Prevalence and Influencing Factors Analysis for the Occurrence of Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Disease of Goat at Sylhet Region, Bangladesh

M Shahabuddin Ahmed, R Hasan, MA Hossain… - 2017

... Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) are an extremely severe febrile viral condition seen
as mucopurulent nasal along with ocular discharges and also necrotising erosive
stomatitis, enteritis along with pneumonia (Singh et al., 2004). ...

[PDF] Tensile stress distribution in maxillary central incisors restored with cast-made and prefabricated dental posts.

AA Madfa, EM Senan, XG Yue - Journal of Oral Research, 2017

... Page 9. Article 243 ISSN Online 0719-2479 - www.joralres.com © 2017 Immune system and
zinc are associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. A network-based approach. César
Rivera.1,2,3 Affiliations: 1Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry. ...

[HTML] Stratified ubiquitination of RIG-I creates robust immune response and induces selective gene expression

H Xian, W Xie, S Yang, Q Liu, X Xia, S Jin, T Sun, J Cui - Science Advances, 2017

... To evaluate RIG-I–N ubiquitination in antiviral immune response, we infected A549 wild-type
(WT), RIG-I Null , and RIG-I 8KR cells with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)–enhanced green
fluorescent protein (eGFP) and observed a markedly enhanced viral load in RIG-I Null A549 ...

[PDF] POPEEL: POMEGRANATE PEEL ANTIBACTERIAL HAND WASH

WNBW Hussain, NSB Rahim, NA Syahirah, M Fuad - Symposium on Innovation and …, 2017

... Amani et al., 2014). This nutritional value were used since ancient times as anti-helmintic,
anti-tracheabronchitis, for healing wounds, ulcers, bruises, stomatitis, diarrhea, vaginitis
and against bleeding. Pomegranate peel is recognized ...

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