To what extent is alcohol consumption associated with breast cancer recurrence and second primary breast cancer?: A systematic review

Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016
Source:Cancer Treatment Reviews
Author(s): Phanthira Simapivapan, Anna Boltong, Allison Hodge
BackgroundThe association between alcohol intake and breast cancer recurrence or development of second primary breast cancer in the survivor population is unclear. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the existing evidence to assess the extent to which alcohol consumption is associated with breast cancer recurrence and second primary breast cancer.MethodsSix databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched using the following search phrase: (breast cancer OR breast adenocarcinoma OR breast neoplasm OR breast tumor) AND (alcohol^∗ OR alcohol intake OR alcohol consumption OR ethanol) AND (recurrence OR second primary). A narrative synthesis was conducted on studies meeting the inclusion criteria.ResultsAfter screening, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 11 assessed breast cancer recurrence and 5 assessed second primary breast cancer. Considerable clinical and methodological heterogeneity was observed between studies. Approximately half of the included studies observed a modest, but significant, association between alcohol consumption and increased risk of breast cancer recurrence or development of a second primary breast cancer, with some studies observing associations from as little as six grams of alcohol intake per day. Two studies suggest this association was stronger in postmenopausal women.ConclusionThere is some evidence that alcohol consumption increases the risk of breast cancer recurrence, particularly in postmenopausal women. The association between alcohol and development of a second primary breast cancer is less clear. Inconsistencies in methodology and results across studies complicate attempts to develop a cohesive interpretation of findings.



http://ift.tt/2d8qkbk

Mechanism of drug resistance in relation to site of metastasis: Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials in advanced breast cancer according to anticancer strategy

Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016
Source:Cancer Treatment Reviews
Author(s): Saroj Niraula, Alberto Ocana
BackgroundBreast cancer is heterogeneous at different levels: biologic subtypes, intratumoral areas, and sites of metastases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) classify metastatic sites as visceral or non-visceral, but this has little influence in treatment decisions, particularly in the absence of clinical urgency. Indeed, it is unclear if response to treatments differs among sites of metastases.Patients and MethodsRCTs investigating 3 different anticancer strategies in metastatic breast cancer were identified: (1) new hormonal therapy, (2) new targeted therapies in hormone receptor positive tumours (everolimus or palbociclib), and (3) new anti-HER2 therapies. RCTs reporting hazard ratios (HR) for Progression Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS) for sub-groups based on sites of metastases were weighted using generic inverse variance approach, and pooled in meta-analyses using Revman 5.3. Subgroup difference was tested with Chi² statistics.ResultsEleven RCTs (6,701 pts.) qualified. There was a significant difference in PFS between women with visceral versus non-visceral metastases when two endocrine strategies were compared, with benefits limited to women with visceral metastases [Pooled HR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.77-0.95 versus 1.02(0.88-1.18) for non-visceral; p(difference)=0.05]. However, combination of an endocrine therapy and a targeted therapy was associated with better PFS compared to endocrine therapy alone for both groups [HR 0.51(0.43-0.60) versus 0.45(0.36-0.56) for non-visceral; p(difference)=0. 36]. Novel HER-2 targeted therapies were associated with significantly better PFS and OS only in visceral metastases [HR 0.59 (0.52-0.66) versus 0.71(0.44-1.13) for non-visceral, p(difference)=0.45, for PFS; and 0.64 (0.56-0.73) versus 0.82 (0.57=1.19) for non-visceral, p(difference)=0.20, for OS].ConclusionCombination of targeted agents and endocrine therapy results in concordant, superior PFS suggesting targetable endocrine resistance across metastatic sites. Discordant responses with endocrine strategy alone support use of targeted therapy, rather than change in endocrine agent at disease progression. HER2 targeted therapies may be less effective in areas of poor vascularization.



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The APOE paradox: do attentional control differences in mid-adulthood reflect risk of late-life cognitive decline

Publication date: December 2016
Source:Neurobiology of Aging, Volume 48
Author(s): Claire Lancaster, Naji Tabet, Jennifer Rusted
Possession of an Apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 allele is an established risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, whereas the less commonly studied e2 variant is premised to offer some protection. This research explores the purported deleterious-protective dichotomy of APOE variants on attentional control in mid-adulthood. Sixty-six volunteers, aged 45–55 years, completed 3 tasks that provided complementary measures of attentional control: prospective memory, sustained attention, and inhibition. Performance was compared between e2 carriers, e4 carriers, and e3 homozygotes (the population norm). Carriers of the e4 allele showed subtle disadvantages, compared with the e3 group, in accuracy of Stroop task and prospective memory performance. Contrary to expectations, e2 carriers showed performance disadvantages in sustained attention. The finding of detrimental effects in attentional control for both e4 and e2 complicates the current model that proposes opposing effects of these variants on later-life cognition. Future research is needed to understand how cognitive differences develop with increasing age, and the physiological mechanisms that underpin these changes.



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In silico, in vitro and case-control analyses as an effective combination for analyzing BRCA1 and BRCA2 unclassified variants in a population-based sample

Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016
Source:Cancer Genetics
Author(s): Marta Rodríguez-Balada, Bàrbara Roig, Lourdes Martorell, Mireia Melé, Mònica Salvat, Elisabet Vilella, Joan Borràs, Josep Gumà
Ascertaining the clinical consequences of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) is currently indispensable for providing effective genetic counseling and preventive actions for families with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). To this end, we conducted a combination of in silico prediction and cDNA splicing analyses of 13 BRCA1 and 10 BRCA2 VUS identified in our cohort as well as a case-control analysis in a population-based sample of 10 recurrent VUS. We observed consistent results between the in silico predictions and sequencing analyses for all analyzed VUS. An abnormal cDNA pattern was observed for variants c.212+1G>A and c.5278-1G>A in BRCA1 and c.516+2T>A and c.8168A>G in BRCA2 according to in silico splicing prediction.. A case-control study of VUS confirmed the polymorphisms of the c.67+62A>G, c.7008-62A>G and c.8851G>A BRCA2 variants previously published. c.4068G>A in the BRCA2 gene can also be considered a polymorphism due to its occurrence at a frequency greater than 1% in our population.Our study shows that employing population-based analysis and a combination of several in silico methods yields highly accurate information, resulting in a reliable tool for selecting variants for cDNA sequencing analysis in routine cancer genetic counseling units.



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Scholar : These new articles for The American Journal of Family Therapy are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for The American Journal of Family Therapy and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Original Articles Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy With Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Pilot Study Simona Ghedin, Alberto Semi, Floriana Caccamo, Luca Caldironi, Cristina Marogna, Francesco Piccione, Rosaria Stabile, Rita Lorio & Giulio Vidotto Pages: 1-12 | DOI: 10.1080/01926187.2016.1223562 Read our collection of free articles created as a companion to the BPS PsychCrunch podcast. This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Novel Insights into PML-Dependent Oncosuppression

Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016
Source:Trends in Cell Biology
Author(s): Lorenzo Galluzzi
At odds with its nuclear counterpart, extranuclear promyelocytic leukemia constitutively inhibits autophagy, hence limiting cancer progression. These data raise the interesting possibility that some tumor suppressors have become specialized to operate at multiple subcellular compartments for counteracting different aspects of the oncogenic process.



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N-cadherin regulates beta-catenin signal and its misexpression perturbs commissural axon projection in the developing chicken spinal cord

Abstract

N-cadherin is a calcium-sensitive cell adhesion molecule that plays an important role in the formation of the neural circuit and the development of the nervous system. In the present study, we investigated the function of N-cadherin in cell–cell connection in vitro with HEK293T cells, and in commissural axon projections in the developing chicken spinal cord using in ovo electroporation. Cell–cell connections increased with N-cadherin overexpression in HEK293T cells, while cell contacts disappeared after co-transfection with an N-cadherin-shRNA plasmid. The knockdown of N-cadherin caused the accumulation of β-catenin in the nucleus, supporting the notion that N-cadherin regulates β-catenin signaling in vitro. Furthermore, N-cadherin misexpression perturbed commissural axon projections in the spinal cord. The overexpression of N-cadherin reduced the number of axons that projected alongside the contralateral margin of the floor plate, and formed intermediate longitudinal commissural axons. In contrast, the knockdown of N-cadherin perturbed commissural axon projections significantly, affecting the projections alongside the contralateral margin of the floor plate, but did not affect intermediate longitudinal commissural axons. Taken together, these findings suggest that N-cadherin regulates commissural axon projections in the developing chicken spinal cord.

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Receding Gums: Treatment Options and Causes

Gingival recession is when the gum tissue covering the root of the tooth is pushed back. Learn about its causes and forms of treatment with this article.

http://ift.tt/2crs9NP

Human tolerogenic dendritic cells generated with protein kinase C inhibitor are optimal for functional regulatory T cell induction – A comparative study

Publication date: Available online 19 September 2016
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Endy Adnan, Takuya Matsumoto, Jun Ishizaki, Sachiko Onishi, Koichiro Suemori, Masaki Yasukawa, Hitoshi Hasegawa
Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDCs) are a promising therapeutic tool for specific induction of immunological tolerance. Human tDCs can be generated ex vivo using various compounds. However, the compound(s) most suitable for clinical application remain undefined. We compared the tolerogenic properties of tDCs treated with protein kinase C inhibitor (PKCI), dexamethasone, vitamin D3 (Vit D3), rapamycin (Rapa), interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and a combination of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist and retinoic acid. All tDCs had a semi-mature DC phenotype. PKCI-, TGF-β-, and Rapa-tDCs showed CCR7 expression and migration to CCL19, but other tDCs showed little or none. PKCI- and IL-10-tDCs induced functional regulatory T cells more strongly than other tDCs. The tolerogenic properties of all tDCs were stable against proinflammatory stimuli. Furthermore, PKCI-tDCs were generated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and primary Sjögren's syndrome. Therefore, PKCI-tDCs showed the characteristics best suited for tolerance-inducing therapy.



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Long-term Outcomes of Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Condition:   Esophageal Neoplasms
Intervention:  
Sponsors:   Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital;   The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School;   Tongji Hospital;   The affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University
Not yet recruiting - verified September 2016

http://ift.tt/2cOAeve

Endostar Combined With Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Condition:   Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Interventions:   Drug: Endostar;   Drug: DDP
Sponsor:   First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
Not yet recruiting - verified September 2016

http://ift.tt/2d1RKiR

Ontario-wide Cancer TArgeted Nucleic Acid Evaluation

Conditions:   Breast Cancer;   Lung Cancer;   Colorectal Cancer;   Melanoma;   Gynecological Cancer;   Genitourinary Cancer;   Pancreatobiliary Cancer;   Gastrointestinal Cancer;   Head and Neck Cancer;   Rare Cancer;   Unknown Primary Cancer
Intervention:  
Sponsors:   University Health Network, Toronto;   Princess Margaret Hospital, Canada
Recruiting - verified September 2016

http://ift.tt/2cOAmuE

Potentiation of Cisplatin-based Chemotherapy by Digoxin in Advanced Unresectable Head and Neck Cancer Patients

Condition:   Head and Neck Cancer
Intervention:   Drug: Digoxin
Sponsors:   Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris;   Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine (Carpem);   Laboratoire d'excellence en immuno-oncologie (Labex)
Not yet recruiting - verified June 2016

http://ift.tt/2d1RoZD

Synthesis and Structure–Activity Relationships of 1-Benzylindane Derivatives as Selective Agonists for Estrogen Receptor Beta

Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016
Source:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Author(s): Shigeru Yonekubo, Nobuhiko Fushimi, Takashi Miyagi, Osamu Nakanishi, Kenji Katsuno, Motoyasu Ozawa, Chiaki Handa, Noritaka Furuya, Hideyuki Muranaka
The estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) selective agonist is considered a promising candidate for the treatment of estrogen deficiency symptoms in ERβ-expressing tissues, without the risk of breast cancer, and multiple classes of compounds have been reported as ERβ selective agonists. Among them, 6-6 bicyclic ring-containing structures (e.g., isoflavone phytoestrogens) are regarded as one of the cyclized analogues of isobutestrol 5b, and suggest that other cyclized scaffolds comprising 5-6 bicyclic rings could also act as selective ERβ ligands.In this study, we evaluated the selective ERβ agonistic activity of 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)indan-5-ol 7a and studied structure–activity relationship (SAR) of its derivatives. Some functional groups improved the properties of 7a; introduction of a nitrile group on the indane-1-position resulted in higher selectivity for ERβ (12a), and further substitution with a fluoro or a methyl group to the pendant phenyl ring was also preferable (12b, d, and e). Subsequent chiral resolution of 12a identified that R-12a has a superior profile over S-12a. This is comparable to diarylpropionitrile (DPN) 5c, one of the promising selective ERβ agonists and indicates that this indane-based scaffold has the potential to provide better ERβ agonistic probes.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2d5j6AJ

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of small cationic amphipathic aminobenzamide marine natural product mimics and evaluation of relevance against clinical isolates including ESBL-CARBA multi-resistant bacteria

Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016
Source:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Author(s): Elizaveta M. Igumnova, Ekaterina Mishchenko, Tor Haug, Hans-Matti Blencke, Johanna U. Ericson Sollid, Elizabeth G. Aarag Fredheim, Silje Lauksund, Klara Stensvåg, Morten B. Strøm
A library of small aminobenzamide derivatives was synthesised to explore a cationic amphipathic motif found in marine natural antimicrobials. The most potent compound E23 displayed minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.5 – 2 μg/ml against several Gram-positive bacterial strains, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE).E23 was also potent against 275 clinical isolates including Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and ESBL-CARBA multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The study demonstrates how structural motifs found in marine natural antimicrobials can be a valuable source for making novel antimicrobial lead-compounds.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2d5j5wF

Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Progress and potential

Publication date: Available online 20 September 2016
Source:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Author(s): Sergey S. Laev, Nariman F. Salakhutdinov, Olga I. Lavrik
DNA topoisomerases are essential during transcription and replication. The therapeutic mechanism of action of topoisomerase inhibitors is enzyme poisoning rather than catalytic inhibition. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterases 1 or 2 were found as DNA repair enzymes hydrolyzing the covalent bond between the tyrosyl residue of topoisomerases I or II and the 3'- or 5'-phosphate groups in DNA, respectively. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 is a key enzyme in DNA repair machinery and a promising target for antitumor and neurodegenerative therapy. Inhibitors of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 could act synergistically with topoisomerase I inhibitors and thereby potentiate the effects of topoisomerase I poisons. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 is an enzyme that specifically repairs DNA damages induced by topoisomerase II poisons and causes resistance to these drugs. Selective inhibition of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 may be a novel approach to overcome intrinsic or acquired resistance to topoisomerase II-targeted drug therapy. Thus, agents that inhibit tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterases 1 and 2 have many applications in biochemical and physiological research and they have the potential to become anticancer and antiviral drugs. The structures, mechanism of action and therapeutic rationale of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase inhibitors and their development for combinations with topoisomerase inhibitors and DNA damaging agents are discussed.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2d5j3Vg

A facile stereoselective synthesis of dispiro-indeno pyrrolidine/pyrrolothiazole-thiochroman hybrids and evaluation of their antimycobacterial, anticancer and AchE inhibitory activities

Publication date: Available online 19 September 2016
Source:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Author(s): Chelliah Bharkavi, Sundaravel Vivek Kumar, Mohamed Ashraf Ali, Hasnah Osman, Shanmugam Muthusubramanian, Subbu Perumal
A facile stereoselective synthesis of novel dispiro indeno pyrrolidine/pyrrolothiazole-thiochroman hybrids has been achieved by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides, generated in situ from ninhydrin and sarcosine/thiaproline, on a series of 3-benzylidenethiochroman-4-ones. The synthesised compounds were screened for their antimycobacterial, anticancer and AchE inhibition activities. Compound 4l (IC50 1.07 μM) has been found to exhibit the most potent antimycobacterial activity compared to cycloserine (12 times), pyrimethamine (37 times) and ethambutol (IC50 < 1.56 μM) and 6l (IC50 = 2.87 μM) is more active than both cycloserine (4 times) and pyrimethamine (12 times). Three compounds, 4a, 6b and 6i, display good anticancer activity against CCRF-CEM cell lines. Compounds 6g and 4g display maximum AchE inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 1.10 and 1.16 μmol/L respectively.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2d5kvHi

Response of wine grape growth, development and the transfer of copper, lead, and cadmium in soil-fruit system to sludge compost amendment

Abstract

Sludge is an organic waste after domestic sewage being treated and contains phytonutrients and organic matter. In this study, recycling of sludge compost (SC) and its compound fertilizer (SCF) to wine grape resulted in improvement in vegetative growth, reproductive development of wine grape, and potential wine quality of grape fruit. The amounts of Cu, Pb, and Cd in grape fruit were significantly higher in response to sludge amendment than in the control, but were all below the permissible limits for agricultural product. The contents of Cu and Pb in sludge-amended soil decreased with increasing soil depth, but Cd content increased with soil depth. Ongoing monitoring of on mobility of Cd downward is proposed with sludge recycling to wine grape soil.

http://ift.tt/2cWdZFq

A modified biotrickling filter for nitrification-denitrification in the treatment of an ammonia-contaminated air stream

Abstract

A conventional biotrickling filter for airborne ammonia nitrification has been modified, by converting the liquid sump into a biological denitrifying reactor. The biotrickling filter achieves an average ammonia removal efficiency of 92.4 %, with an empty bed retention time (EBRT) equal to 36 s and an average ammonia concentration of 54.7 mg Nm⁻³ in the raw air stream. The denitrification reactor converts ammonia into inert gas N₂, in addition to other important advantages connected to the alkaline character of the biochemical pathway of the denitrifying bacteria. Firstly, the trickling water crossing the denitrification reactor underwent a notable pH increase from 7.3 to 8.0 which prevented the acidic inhibition of the nitrifying bacteria due to the buildup of nitric and nitrous acids. Secondly, the pH increase created the ideal conditions for the autotrophic nitrifying bacteria. The tests proved that an ammonia removal efficiency of above 90 % can be achieved with an EBRT greater than 30 s and a volumetric load lower than 200 g NH₃ m⁻³ day⁻¹. The results of the biofilm observation by using a scanning confocal laser microscope are reported together with the identification of degrading bacteria genera in the biotrickling filter. The efficiency of the plant and its excellent operational stability highlight the effectiveness of the synergistic action between the denitrification reactor and the biotrickling filter in removing airborne ammonia.

http://ift.tt/2d59Ufp

Effects of salinity on simultaneous reduction of perchlorate and nitrate in a methane-based membrane biofilm reactor

Abstract

This study builds upon prior work showing that methane (CH₄) could be utilized as the sole electron donor and carbon source in a membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) for complete perchlorate (ClO₄⁻) and nitrate (NO₃⁻) removal. Here, we further investigated the effects of salinity on the simultaneous removal of the two contaminants in the reactor. By testing ClO₄⁻ and NO₃⁻ at different salinities, we found that the reactor performance was very sensitive to salinity. While 0.2 % salinity did not significantly affect the hydrogen-based MBfR for ClO₄⁻ and NO₃⁻ removals, 1 % salinity completely inhibited ClO₄⁻ reduction and significantly lowered NO₃⁻ reduction in the CH₄-based MBfR. In salinity-free conditions, NO₃⁻ and ClO₄⁻ removal fluxes were 0.171 g N/m²-day and 0.091 g/m²-day, respectively, but NO₃⁻ removal fluxes dropped to 0.0085 g N/m²-day and ClO₄⁻ reduction was completely inhibited when the medium changed to 1 % salinity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the salinity dramatically changed the microbial morphology, which led to the development of wire-like cell structures. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) indicated that the total number of microorganisms and abundances of functional genes significantly declined in the presence of NaCl. The relative abundances of Methylomonas (methanogens) decreased from 31.3 to 5.9 % and Denitratisoma (denitrifiers) decreased from 10.6 to 4.4 % when 1 % salinity was introduced.

http://ift.tt/2cWbXFp

Theoretical and experimental study of the mechanisms of phosphate removal in the system containing Fe(III)-ions

Abstract

A process-oriented investigation of phosphate removal by ferric salt was carried out in this study. The kinetics of amorphous ferric phosphate (FePO₄(s)) formation has been investigated over the pH range of 6.0–8.0 using sulfosalicylic acid as a competitive ligand. The FePO₄(s) formation rate constants varied in a narrow range over the pH range examined in this study. And the maximum of (0.90 ± 0.11) × 10⁴ L mol⁻¹ s⁻¹ was obtained at pH 7.5 and the minimum value of (0.05 ± 0.01) × 10⁴ L mol⁻¹ s⁻¹ was obtained at pH 6.0. These values are two orders of magnitude lower than the rate constants for Fe(III) hydrolysis-precipitation, and hence, the extent of FePO₄(s) formation when ferric ions are added to aqueous solution is extremely low. Subsequently, the characteristics of the amorphous ferric oxide (AFO) with different ages were investigated, and it was found that the BET surface area, the average pore width, and the charge capacitance were various for different AFO with various ages. Phosphate adsorption by AFO was significantly affected by AFO aging and the manner of adding Fe(III), which was successfully described by a diffuse layer model. By using surface sites concentration obtained, the kinetics constant of AFO aging could be calculated by a functional equation at a certain pH and time.

Graphic abstract

Description of the precipitation and aging processes for the phosphate removal by Fe(III)-ions

http://ift.tt/2cOoBUN

Phosphorus partitioning in sediments from a tropical reservoir during a strong period of drought

Abstract

Monitoring phosphorus (P) concentration in water and sediments in the Castanhão reservoir, under intensive aquaculture, in Northeastern Brazil showed internal process to dominate P cycling following a reduction of reservoir volume due to an extended drought period. A strong negative correlation between soluble reactive phosphorus in surface waters (SRPs) with the reservoir volume results from diminishing dilution capacity; bottom water SRP showed no significant correlation with volume and imply SRP remobilization to surface layers. Total suspended solids (TSS) showed a significant correlation with chlorophyll-a, suggesting change primary productivity following SRP enrichment of surface waters and living cells dominating the TSS. As a result, eutrophication, as established by a trophic state index, was triggered in the reservoir probably enforced by intensive fish farming effluents, whose nutrients accumulated in bottom waters and which became available due to breaking of the thermocline. Since low rainfall periods are typical of the semiarid region and tend to be more frequent and stronger due to climate change, multiple use of reservoirs in NE Brazil should be reevaluated.

http://ift.tt/2cOo5Gk

Scholar : These new articles for International Journal of Heritage Studies are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for International Journal of Heritage Studies and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Book Review World heritage, urban design and tourism: three cities in the middle east Chris Wilbert Pages: 1-2 | DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2016.1221847 European Sport Management Quarterly – Free Access to Editor's Choice Articles. This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Scholar : These new articles for Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Original Articles Terrorism and the good life: toward a virtue-ethical framework for morally assessing terrorism and counter-terrorism Noreen Josefa van Elk Pages: 1-14 | DOI: 10.1080/19434472.2016.1221844 Read our collection of free articles created as a companion to the BPS PsychCrunch podcast. This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Immunosuppressive effect of ASP2408, a novel CD86-selective variant of CTLA4-Ig, in rats and cynomolgus monkeys

Publication date: November 2016
Source:International Immunopharmacology, Volume 40
Author(s): Shinsuke Oshima, Yasutomo Fujii, Erik E. Karrer, Fujiko Takamura, Steven J. Chapin, Margaret Neighbors, Sridhar Viswanathan, Bruce H. Devens, Yasuyuki Higashi, Hidekazu Mizuhara
The CTLA4-Ig fusion proteins abatacept and belatacept inhibit CD28-mediated T cell activation by binding CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) costimulatory ligands and are clinically proven immunosuppressants used for rheumatoid arthritis and renal transplantation, respectively. Abatacept and belatacept preferentially bind CD80, yet CD86 has been implicated as the dominant ligand for CD28-mediated costimulation of T cells. We investigated the immunosuppressive effects of ASP2408, a novel CTLA4-Ig with CD86 selectivity and high potency created by directed evolution methods. Here we evaluated the effect of ASP2408 in vitro using cynomolgus monkey and rat T cell proliferation assays and in vivo using cynomolgus monkey tetanus toxoid (TTx) immunization and a rat rheumatoid arthritis model. ASP2408 was 290-fold and 21-fold more potent in suppressing in vitro monkey T cell proliferation than abatacept and belatacept, respectively. ASP2408 inhibited anti-TTx immunological reactions in cynomolgus monkey at a 10-fold lower dose level than belatacept, through complete CD86 and partial CD80 receptor occupancies, and also suppressed inflammation in the rat collagen-induced arthritis model. Overall, improved immunosuppressive potency of ASP2408 relative to abatacept and belatacept correlated well with improved CD86 binding affinity. These results may support the advantage of preferential enhancement of CD86 binding affinity to inhibit T cell-mediated immune response and improved dosing convenience in humans relative to abatacept or belatacept.



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Scholar : These new articles for African Security Review are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for African Security Review and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: COMMENTARY The impact of the Cold War on African security Jesse A. Heitz Pages: 1-4 | DOI: 10.1080/10246029.2016.1225412 Political Communication Free Access Virtual Special Issue: US Elections & Campaigns This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

CONDYDAV : étude observationnelle multicentrique des patients présentant des condylomes dans les dispensaires antivénériens en France

Publication date: Available online 19 September 2016
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): J. Chanal, S. Fouéré, F. Yassir-Oria, N. Spenatto, F. Bouscarat, E. Picot, P. Martinet, C. Vernay-Vaisse, F. Pelletier, C. Courtieu, V. Baclet, C. Bernier, D. Aymar-Moulene, F. Dupuis-Fourdan, A. Passeron, C. Bara-Passot, A.-L. Pinault, L. Misery, M. Janier, N. Dupin
IntroductionLes condylomes sont un des premiers motifs de consultation dans les centres de maladies sexuellement transmissibles (MST). Depuis 2007, la vaccination contre les papillomavirus humains (PVH) est autorisée en France. L'objectif de notre étude était de déterminer la prévalence des condylomes et le profil clinique et épidémiologique des patients avec condylomes consultant dans des centres de MST.Patients et méthodesÉtude observationnelle prospective multicentrique, non interventionnelle, analysant les données épidémiologiques et cliniques des patients porteurs de condylomes ainsi que les traitements utilisés dans 15 centres de MST entre le 1^er janvier et le 31 mars 2012.RésultatsOnt été inclus 372 hommes et 111 femmes ; l'âge moyen était de 31,2ans. Les femmes étaient plus jeunes que les hommes (respectivement 28,9 et 31,7ans, p<0,05). Quatre cent quatorze patients étaient hétérosexuels et 66 étaient des hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes (HSH). Chez les hommes, 230 avaient une atteinte du pénis isolée et 46 une atteinte de l'anus isolée. En tout, 76 avaient une atteinte de l'anus, dont 26 étaient HSH. Chez les femmes, 76 avaient une atteinte de la vulve isolée et 22 une co-infection de la vulve et de l'anus. L'atteinte anale était significativement plus fréquente chez les HSH et les femmes que chez les hommes hétérosexuels (p<0,0001 et p=0,004, respectivement). Trois femmes avaient été vaccinées : deux par Gardasil^® et une par Cervarix^®. Le traitement de première intention était la cryothérapie dans les deux groupes.ConclusionUn examen complet, notamment anal, doit être effectué chez les femmes et chez les HSH. Une globalisation de la vaccination anti-HPV devrait permettre une réduction des infections et l'implantation d'une stratégie globale de contrôle de la maladie.BackgroundSince 2007 in France, human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination has been licensed for use as a vaccine against HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18. The impact on the epidemiology of external genital warts (EGWs) in a large population remains unclear.ObjectivesTo determine epidemiologic and clinical features of patients presenting EGWs in France in the era of HPV vaccination.Patients and methodsIn this prospective, observational study, we analyzed clinical features and treatments between January 1st, 2012 and March 31, 2012 for patients consulting for EGWs at 15 STI clinics throughout France.ResultsA total of 372 men and 111 women were included; mean age 31.2 years. The women were younger than the men (31.7 and 28.9 years respectively P<0.05). Among the patients, 416 (85.7%) were heterosexual, 13 bisexual and 54 (11.2%) homosexual, including one female. Males reported more sexual partners in the last 12 months (more than 3 partners in 32.6% versus 11.9%, P<0.01). Among the men, 230 had involvement of the penis alone and 46 had involvement of the anus alone. Seventy-six patients had EGWs of the anus, and of these 26 were MSM. In females, 76 had an infection of the vulva alone and 22 co-infection of the vulva and anus. MSM and females were at higher risk than heterosexual males for anal involvement (P<0.0001 and P=0.004, respectively). Three women had been vaccinated: two with Gardasil^® and one with Cervarix^®. Cryotherapy was the preferred treatment.ConclusionWith the advent of HPV vaccination, a global strategy for the prevention and treatment of EGW should be implemented.



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Nævus comédonien : mutations somatiques de NEK9

Publication date: Available online 19 September 2016
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): O. Dereure




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Apport de la microscopie confocale par réflectance dans le diagnostic d’érucisme oculocutané ou réaction aux poils de chenilles processionnaires

Publication date: Available online 19 September 2016
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): J.-L. Perrot, R. Julienne, M. Kaspi, B. Labeille, D. Grivet, A. Vercherin, F. Cambazard, E. Cinotti




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Scholar : These new articles for Asian Journal of Political Science are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Asian Journal of Political Science and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Symposium on Democratic Governance Theory building: the debate between modernist and interpretive social science in the pursuit of democratic governance Hon S. Chan Pages: 1-9 | DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2016.1231072 Original Articles Justification by the US and India for their border controls against illegal immigration Lacin Idil Oztig Pages: 1-16 | DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2016.1226910 Passionate about Social Media? Read our Social Media Research collection. This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Scholar : These new articles for Aphasiology are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Aphasiology and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Original Articles Validation of the assessment of living with aphasia in Singapore Yiting Emily Guo, Leanne Togher, Emma Power & Rob Heard Pages: 1-18 | DOI: 10.1080/02687038.2016.1230839 Time and tide wait for no man (or woman). Explore the multidisciplinary TIME Collection now. This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Low-intensity laser (660 nm) on sternotomy healing in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft: a randomized, double-blind study

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the healing effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the longitudinal sternotomy incisions of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The volunteers were randomized into three groups of equal size (n = 30): control, placebo, and laser (λ = 660 nm and spatial average energy fluency [SAEF] = 1.06 J/cm²). The patients in the laser group underwent irradiation on postoperative days 2, 4, 6, and 8, and their sternotomy incisions were photographed immediately after the surgery and 8 days later for analysis. Three researchers who were blinded to the patient treatment groups analyzed the incision photographs to assess hyperemia and wound closure on the day of hospital discharge (eighth postoperative day). The sternotomy incisions in the LLLT group demonstrated less hyperemia, incisional bleeding, and dehiscence (p ≤ 0.005).

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Effect of low-level laser therapy on angiogenesis and matrix metalloproteinase-2 immunoexpression in wound repair

Abstract

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) induces anti-inflammatory and angiogenic activities in wound healing. However, the mechanism of action and optimal parameters require further clarification. In this study, we investigated the effects of LLLT on wound healing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 immunoexpression and angiogenic processes. Twenty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 5) according to the treatments as follows. CG7 and CG14 were control groups at days 7 and 14, respectively, which received physiological saline (0.9 % NaCl daily). LG7 and LG14 were laser therapy groups at days 7 and 14, respectively, which received two (LG7) or four (LG14) LLLT applications (40 mW; 660 nm; 4 J/cm²). A dorsal skin sample in the wound area (measuring 2 cm²) was removed after the experimental period, and then the animals were euthanized. The specimens were processed for qualitative and quantitative histological analyses and measurement of MMP-2 expression in the dermis and epidermis. A persistent crust and moderate number of inflammatory cells were found in CG7 and CG14 groups. In the LG14 group, wounds demonstrated complete re-epithelization at the remodeling phase. Angiogenesis and MMP-2 expression were higher in LLLT-treated groups, particularly the LG14 group, which correlated according to the Spearman correlation test. LLLT improves wound healing by enhancing neocollagenesis, increasing the amount of new vessels formed in the tissue (neoangiogenesis), and modulating MMP-2 expression. Epidermal overexpression of MMP-2 was correlated to angiogenic processes.

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Scholar : These new articles for CoDesign are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for CoDesign and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Original Articles Democratic design experiments in urban planning – navigational practices and compositionist design Peter Munthe-Kaas & Birgitte Hoffmann Pages: 1-15 | DOI: 10.1080/15710882.2016.1233284 Routledge Journals Gerontology Portfolio - find out more here: http://ift.tt/2crU79K This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Scholar : Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2016 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2016 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online. This new issue contains the following articles: Articles Effects of the coupling process on shortwave radiative feedback during ENSO in FGOALS-g | Ye PU, Yan-Li TANG & Li-Juan LI Pages: 337-342 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1192454 Evaluation of the surface heat budget over the tropical Indian Ocean in two versions of FGOALS | Ning CAO, Bao-Hua REN, Jian-Qiu ZHENG & Di XU Pages: 343-351 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1199945 A weakly coupled data assimilation system of a coupled physical–biological model for the northeastern South China Sea | Xia LI & Jiang ZHU Pages: 352-360 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1201788 Freshening biases in the freshwater flux of CORE data | Jiang-Bo JIN, Qing-Cun ZENG, Hai-Long LIU & Lin WU Pages: 361-365 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1203244 Delving into the relationship between autumn Arctic sea ice and central–eastern Eurasian winter climate | Shao-Yin WANG & Jiping LIU Pages: 366-374 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1207482 Pathways of intraseasonal Kelvin waves in the Indonesian Throughflow regions derived from satellite altimeter observation | Teng-Fei XU, Ze-Xun WEI, Guo-Jiao CAO & Shu-Jiang LI Pages: 375-380 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1208047 Applicability of an eddy covariance system based on a close-path quantum cascade laser spectrometer for measuring nitrous oxide fluxes from subtropical vegetable fields | Dong WANG, Kai WANG, Eugenio DÍAZ-PINÉS, Xunhua ZHENG & Klaus BUTTERBACH-BAHL Pages: 381-387 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1211468 MJO potential predictability and predictive skill in IAP AGCM 4.1 | Kun WANG, Zhao-Hui LIN, Jian LING, Yue YU & Cheng-Lai WU Pages: 388-393 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1211469 Real-time simulation and mechanistic analysis of a squall line case in East China | Yang SU, Fan PING, Xin-Yong SHEN & Chun-Sheng MIAO Pages: 394-400 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1219975 Erratum Erratum | Pages: 401-401 | DOI: 10.1080/16742834.2016.1232521 How has social media affected Science, Technology & Society? Find out with our Social Media Research collection now available with free access! This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

High Prevalence of Back Pain and Axial Spondyloarthropathy in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, causing fistulating sinuses in the intertriginous skin of axillary, genitofemoral and perianal sites. Objective: As other chronic inflammatory diseases, e.g. psoriasis, are frequently associated with spondyloarthropathies (SpA), the goal of this study was to quantify the prevalence of back pain and SpA in HS patients. Methods: A prospective questionnaire survey in 100 HS patients and a retrospective evaluation of pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in 46 HS patients were conducted. Results: 71% of HS patients were suffering from back pain. There was no difference between age at onset of HS, disease duration, body mass index (BMI), or disease severity between HS patients with and without back pain. Evaluating pelvic MRI scans, 32.6% of HS patients showed signs of chronic SpA and 39.1% signs of active SpA. Again, no significant differences between patients with/without SpA were found regarding age at time of MRI, age at onset of HS, disease duration, smoking habits, and BMI. Furthermore, there was no correlation between these parameters and the degree of SpA. Limitations: Only patients with moderate/severe HS (Hurley stage II and III) in genitofemoral/perianal sites were analysed via MRI scans. Conclusion: Back pain and SpA are very common among patients with moderate/severe HS. Neither medical history nor clinical parameters provide hints for the presence of SpA.
Dermatology

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PTPN2-deficiency exacerbates T follicular helper cell and B cell responses and promotes the development of autoimmunity

Publication date: Available online 19 September 2016
Source:Journal of Autoimmunity
Author(s): Florian Wiede, Faruk Sacirbegovic, Yew Ann Leong, Di Yu, Tony Tiganis
Non-coding single nucleotide polymorphisms that repress PTPN2 expression have been linked with the development of type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. PTPN2 attenuates CD8⁺ T cell responses to self and prevents overt autoreactivity in the context of T cell homeostasis and antigen cross-presentation. The role of PTPN2 in other immune subsets in the development of autoimmunity remains unclear. Here we show that the inducible deletion of PTPN2 in hematopoietic compartment of adult non-autoimmune prone mice results in systemic inflammation and autoimmunity. PTPN2-deficient mice had increased inflammatory monocytes, B cells and effector T cells in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues and exhibited symptoms of dermatitis, glomerulonephritis, pancreatitis and overt liver disease. Autoimmunity was characterised by the formation of germinal centers in the spleen and associated with markedly increased germinal center B cells and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and circulating anti-nuclear antibodies, inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulins. CD8⁺ T cell proliferative responses were enhanced, and interleukin-21-induced STAT-3 signalling in Tfh cells and B cells was increased and accompanied by enhanced B cell proliferation ex vivo. These results indicate that deficiencies in PTPN2 across multiple immune lineages, including naive T cells, Tfh cells and B cells, contribute to the development of autoimmunity.



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The role of dopamine in positive and negative prediction error utilization during incidental learning – insights from Positron Emission Tomography, Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease

Publication date: Available online 19 September 2016
Source:Cortex
Author(s): David Mathar, Leonora Wilkinson, Anna Holl, Jane Neumann, Lorenz Deserno, Arno Villringer, Marjan Jahanshahi, Annette Horstmann
Incidental learning of appropriate stimulus-response associations is crucial for optimal functioning within our complex environment. Positive and negative prediction errors (PEs) serve as neural teaching signals within distinct ('direct'/'indirect') dopaminergic pathways to update associations and optimize subsequent behavior. Using a computational reinforcement-learning model, we assessed learning from positive and negative PEs on a probabilistic task (Weather Prediction Task, [WPT]) in three populations that allow different inferences on the role of dopamine (DA) signals: (1) Healthy volunteers that repeatedly underwent [11C]raclopride Positron Emission Tomography, allowing for assessment of striatal DA release during learning, (2) Parkinson's disease (PD) patients tested both on and off L-DOPA medication, (3) early Huntington's disease (HD) patients, a disease that is associated with hyper-activation of the 'direct' pathway. Our results show that learning from positive and negative feedback on the WPT is intimately linked to different aspects of dopaminergic transmission. In healthy individuals, the difference in [11C]raclopride binding potential (BP) as a measure for striatal DA release was linearly associated with the positive learning rate. Further, asymmetry between baseline DA tone in the left and right ventral striatum was negatively associated with learning from positive PEs. Female patients with early HD exhibited exaggerated learning rates from positive feedback. In contrast, dopaminergic tone predicted learning from negative feedback, as indicated by an inverted-u-shaped association observed with baseline [11C]raclopride BP in healthy controls and the difference between PD patients' learning rate on and off dopaminergic medication. Thus, the ability to learn from positive and negative feedback is a sensitive marker for the integrity of dopaminergic signal transmission in the 'direct' and 'indirect' dopaminergic pathways. The present data are interesting beyond clinical context in that imbalances of dopaminergic signaling have not only been observed for neurological and psychiatric conditions but also been proposed for obesity and adolescence.



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Presence and distribution of leptin and leptin receptor in the canine gallbladder

Publication date: Available online 19 September 2016
Source:Acta Histochemica
Author(s): Sungin Lee, Aeri Lee, Oh-kyeong Kweon, Wan Hee Kim
The hormone leptin is produced by mature adipocytes and plays an important role in regulating food intake and energy metabolism through its interaction with the leptin receptor. In addition to roles in obesity and obesity-related diseases, leptin has been reported to affect the components and secretion of bile in leptin-deficient mice. Furthermore, gallbladder diseases such as cholelithiasis are known to be associated with serum leptin concentrations in humans. We hypothesized that the canine gallbladder is a source of leptin and that the leptin receptor may be localized in the gallbladder, where it plays a role in regulating the function of this organ. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the presence and expression patterns of leptin and its receptors in normal canine gallbladders using reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Clinically normal gallbladder tissue samples were obtained from four healthy beagle dogs with similar body condition scores. RT-PCR and sequencing of the amplified PCR products revealed the presence of leptin mRNA and its receptors in the gallbladder. Immunohistochemical investigations demonstrated the expression of leptin and its receptors in the luminal single columnar and tubuloalveolar glandular epithelial cells. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated the presence of leptin and its receptors in the gallbladders of dogs. Leptin and its receptor were both localized throughout the cytoplasm of luminal and glandular epithelial cells. These results suggested that the gallbladder is not only a source of leptin, but also a target of leptin though autocrine/paracrine mechanisms. The results of this study could increase the understanding of both the normal physiological functions of the gallbladder and the pathophysiological mechanisms of gallbladder diseases characterized by leptin system dysfunction.



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Scholar : These new articles for Anxiety, Stress, & Coping are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Anxiety, Stress & Coping and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Original Articles Development and validation of the trait and state versions of the Post-Event Processing Inventory Rebecca A. Blackie & Nancy L. Kocovski Pages: 1-17 | DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2016.1230668 Moral transgression during the Vietnam War: a path analysis of the psychological impact of veterans' involvement in wartime atrocities Paul A. Dennis, Nora M. Dennis, Elizabeth E. Van Voorhees, Patrick S. Calhoun, Michelle F. Dennis & Jean C. Beckham Pages: 1-14 | DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2016.1230669 Routledge Pioneers of Psychoanalysis Free Access Article Collection - Click here: http://ift.tt/2cwV9Xh This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Scholar : These new articles for Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Original Articles Plant-available zinc fixation kinetics in semi-arid alkaline soils of the Southern High Plains Theophilus K. Udeigwe, Madeleine Eichmann, Peter N. Eze, Jasper M. Teboh, Gondah M. Zolue & Obiageli P. Umeugochukwu Pages: 1-12 | DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2016.1227068 Assimilate and nitrogen remobilization of six-rowed and two-rowed winter barley under drought stress at different nitrogen fertilization Vahid Barati & Hossein Ghadiri This is the author accepted version which has not been proofed or edited Characterization of root morphology and root-derived low molecular weight organic acids in two sweet potato cultivars exposed to cadmium Junliang Xin, Baifei Huang, Hongwen Dai & Yangxiu Mu Pages: 1-12 | DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2016.1234041 Sustainable Development Goal 2: Zero Hunger – Read the latest articles for free in our new article collection. This message is personalised to your status as a society member. Please do not forward this email. To recommend content, please use the social sharing tools on the website. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.