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Σάββατο 2 Ιουνίου 2018

Siderophore-based biosensors and nanosensors; new approach on the development of diagnostic systems

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Publication date: 15 October 2018
Source:Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Volume 117
Author(s): Rahim Nosrati, Sadegh Dehghani, Bahareh Karimi, Meysam Yousefi, Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi, Khalil Abnous, Mona Alibolandi, Mohammad Ramezani
Siderophores are small organic compounds secreted by microorganisms under iron-depleted conditions which enhance the uptake of iron. Siderophores can play vital roles in ecology, agriculture, bioremediation, biosensor, and medicine. In recent years, the concept of siderophore-based biosensing devices has opened new horizons in high precision detection of various metal ions especially the iron, microorganisms, phosphopeptides, antibiotics as well pesticides. Once combined with nanomaterials, nano-scale siderophore systems provide powerful analytical platforms for detection of low concentration of metal ions and numerous pathogens. In this article, a brief overview of general aspects of siderophore is firstly discussed. In addition, a clear and concise review of recent advances of siderophore-based biosensors (siderosensor) and nanosensors are mainly discussed herein. Subsequently, future perspectives and challenges of siderophore-based sensors are discussed briefly.



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Correlation of IDH1 and B7H3 expression with prognosis of CRC patients

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Publication date: Available online 2 June 2018
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology
Author(s): Jingyi Wu, Fang Wang, Xingxiang Liu, Ting Zhang, Fen Liu, Xiaosong Ge, Yong Mao, Dong Hua
BackgroundB7H3 is an immuno-stimulatory glycoprotein that is overexpressed in cancer. However, its functional contributions to cancer development and progression are not well understood. In several reports, it was demonstrated that B7H3 reprograms lipid metabolism and regulates glucose metabolism. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), a metabolic enzyme in the TCA cycle, its reaction product is involved in lipid synthesis. Thus, we aimed to identify a novel marker to predict the prognosis of CRC patients and to investigate the relationship between IDH1 and B7H3.MethodsWe analyzed IDH1 and B7H3 expression levels in 225 CRC specimens by immunochemistry. Moreover, in vitro studies were performed to demonstrate the correlation between IDH1 and B7H3.ResultsAmong 225 tissues, the positive rates of IDH1 and B7H3 were 37.8% (85/225) and 87.6% (197/225), respectively. In CRC samples, IDH1 significantly correlated with B7H3 expression (P = 0.044). Moreover, multivariate analyses revealed that high expression of both B7H3 and IDH1 and a high tumor grade were related to the prognosis of CRC patients. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with co-expression of IDH1 and B7H3 had a poor overall survival. In SW480B7H3-EGFP cells, which highly express B7H3, IDH1 was up-regulated. Similarly, knockdown of B7H3 expression in Caco-2-shB7-H3 contributed to reduced IDH1 levels.ConclusionsAlthough IDH1 and B7H3 cannot be used as independent prognostic factors, co-expression of IDH1 and B7H3 significantly correlated with the prognosis of CRC patients and may serve as a combined predictive marker. Thus, the correlation between IDH1 and B7H3 has been proven in vivo and in vitro.



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Herbicides in vineyards reduce grapevine root mycorrhization and alter soil microorganisms and the nutrient composition in grapevine roots, leaves, xylem sap and grape juice

Abstract

Herbicides are increasingly applied in vineyards worldwide. However, not much is known on potential side effects on soil organisms or on the nutrition of grapevines (Vitis vinifera). In an experimental vineyard in Austria, we examined the impacts of three within-row herbicide treatments (active ingredients: flazasulfuron, glufosinate, glyphosate) and mechanical weeding on grapevine root mycorrhization; soil microorganisms; earthworms; and nutrient concentration in grapevine roots, leaves, xylem sap and grape juice. The three herbicides reduced grapevine root mycorrhization on average by 53% compared to mechanical weeding. Soil microorganisms (total colony-forming units, CFU) were significantly affected by herbicides with highest CFUs under glufosinate and lowest under glyphosate. Earthworms (surface casting activity, density, biomass, reproduction) or litter decomposition in soil were unaffected by herbicides. Herbicides altered nutrient composition in grapevine roots, leaves, grape juice and xylem sap that was collected 11 months after herbicide application. Xylem sap under herbicide treatments also contained on average 70% more bacteria than under mechanical weeding; however, due to high variability, this was not statistically significant. We conclude that interdisciplinary approaches should receive more attention when assessing ecological effects of herbicides in vineyard ecosystems.



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Scholar : Journal of Oral Science Research, Year 2018, Issue 05 -New Issue Alert.



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In this issue:

nei zhi wang ying ji yu zi shi zai kou qiang ji bing yan jiu zhong de ying yong (内质网应激与自噬在口腔疾病研究中的应用)
LIU Jianguo, jing
...... page:461-466
guang dong li zhi liao zhong zhi ti zhou wei yan de yan jiu jin zhan (光动力治疗种植体周围炎的研究进展)
YANG Haili, ZOU Haixiao, SONG Li
...... page:467-469
tao ci sui qiang gu wei guan xiu fu gen guan zhi liao hou ya de yan jiu jin zhan (陶瓷髓腔固位冠修复根管治疗后牙的研究进展)
LU Junqing, ZHANG Xiuyin
...... page:470-473
zhong bu guo ji kou qiang zhan rong huo mei guo bpa worldwide hui yuan guo ji ren zheng (中部国际口腔展荣获美国BPA Worldwide会员国际认证)

...... page:473
shui ning jiao de li hua te xing dui gan xi bao xing wei de ying xiang (水凝胶的理化特性对干细胞行为的影响)
YANG Xue, GAO Huali, ZHANG Lulu, JIANG Qiu, JIN Zhien, WANG Zuozuo, XU Gaoxiang
...... page:474-476
ya zuo ru tou zhong jian ji shu de yan jiu jin zhan (牙龈乳头重建技术的研究进展)
ZHU Juanjuan, FENG Yunxia
...... page:477-479
huan ying ding yue 2018 nian kou qiang yi xue yan jiu za zhi (欢迎订阅2018年《口腔医学研究》杂志)

...... page:479
caveolin-1 ji yin qiao chu xiao shu xia zuo di yi mo ya de biao xing guan cha (Caveolin-1基因敲除小鼠下颌第一磨牙的表型观察)
SHI Zuo, TIAN Feifei, BAI Shufeng, FENG Hailing
...... page:480-484
2018 nian iadr zhong guo fen hui nian hui zai wu han ju xing (2018年IADR中国分会年会在武汉举行)

...... page:484
di sai mi song you dao xiao shu zuo lie de mu ti xue jiang dai xie zu xue fen xi (地塞米松诱导小鼠腭裂的母体血浆代谢组学分析)
WANG Shilin, YU Zijing, HE Wei
...... page:485-489
huan ying ding yue 2018 nian yi yao dao bao za zhi (欢迎订阅2018年《医药导报》杂志)

...... page:489
bian xing lian qiu jun nai fu jun zhu gtfb ji yin shi huo jun zhu de gou jian (变形链球菌耐氟菌株gtfB基因失活菌株的构建)
LI Wenyue, GAO Shuang, ZHANG Zhiying, ZHANG Hong, CHAO Bo, WU Yufeng, LI He, WANG Chunmeng, ZHANG Zhimin
...... page:490-494
ya zuo zuo zuo dan bao jun dui da shu tai pan ji zi shu chu sheng ti zhong de ying xiang (牙龈卟啉单胞菌对大鼠胎盘及仔鼠出生体重的影响)
LIANG Shanshan, XING Wenyan, JI Yaoting, JIANG Han, DU Minquan
...... page:495-499
guan yu kou qiang yi xue yan jiu qi yong zai xian tou gao xi tong de qi shi (关于《口腔医学研究》启用在线投稿系统的启事)

...... page:499
p-akt dui ya zuo zuo zuo dan bao jun you dao de ren pei tai zi yang ceng xi bao diao wang de ying xiang (p-Akt对牙龈卟啉单胞菌诱导的人胚胎滋养层细胞凋亡的影响)
GUO Haiying, REN Hongyu, JI Yaoting, JIANG Han, DU Minquan
...... page:500-504
xin xing guang gu hua shu zhi ju he shou suo he ji xie xing neng de yan jiu (新型光固化树脂聚合收缩和机械性能的研究)
ZHANG Na, XIE Chao, HE Huiming, GONG Xu
...... page:505-508
na mi ke li gong chan za dui bo li li zi shui men ting xing neng ying xiang (纳米颗粒共掺杂对玻璃离子水门汀性能影响)
SUN Jing, ZHU Bowu, YANG Lei, LIN Yongsheng, CAO Baocheng
...... page:509-512
sui qiang gu wei guan ji zhuang he guan xiu fu xia zuo di yi mo ya da mian ji que sun de sheng wu li xue fen xi (髓腔固位冠及桩核冠修复下颌第一磨牙大面积缺损的生物力学分析)
ZHAO Chuqiao, XU Yichi, LIU Dingkun, YANG Junxing, WEI Ziqing, TANG Linjun, SHEN Jie, LIU Yukun, LIU Zhihui
...... page:513-517
quan wei xue shu qi kan angewandte chemie international edition fa biao wo yuan tou jing lin ai zhi liao chuang xin cheng guo (权威学术期刊《Angewandte Chemie International Edition》发表我院头颈鳞癌治疗创新成果)

...... page:517
3zhong cad/cam nei lian jie ge xing hua ji tai de bian yuan mi he xing yan jiu (3种CAD/CAM内连接个性化基台的边缘密合性研究)
ZHU Qing, ZHU Chenyuan, ZUO Wen, JIAO Zuo
...... page:518-521
di shi san ci quan guo kou qiang cai liao xue shu hui yi zheng gao tong zhi (第十三次全国口腔材料学术会议征稿通知)

...... page:521
tong qi yong jiu ji tai ying xiang zhong zhi ti zhou wei zu zhi bian hua de sui ji dui zhao yan jiu (同期永久基台影响种植体周围组织变化的随机对照研究)
ZHANG Lili, WANG Yuanqin, LI Lei
...... page:522-526
zhong zhi gu ding yi chi lin jie chu sang shi zhuang kuang ji qi ke neng ying xiang yin su de 5 nian sui fang yan jiu (种植固定义齿邻接触丧失状况及其可能影响因素的5年随访研究)
DONG Shiyue, WU Haoyang, ZHANG Yanjing
...... page:527-531
kou qiang yi xue yan jiu za zhi shen gao liu cheng shi yi tu (《口腔医学研究》杂志审稿流程示意图)

...... page:531
zi ti ya ben zhi ke li lian he fu xue xiao ban xian wei dan bai zai shang zuo zuo ti sheng tong qi zhong zhi zhong de ying yong (自体牙本质颗粒联合富血小板纤维蛋白在上颌窦提升同期种植中的应用)
CUI Zuozuo, KOU Ni, ZHONG Weijian, MA Guowu
...... page:532-534
gao du zuo zhe (告读作者)

...... page:534
ji yu cbct dui cuo zuo ji xing qie ya qu ya cao gu xing tai de yan jiu (基于CBCT对错畸形切牙区牙槽骨形态的研究)
DENG Ruping, ZHANG Man
...... page:535-538
shang zuo kuai su kuo gong dui an shi lei 1 fen lei huan zhe zuo mian san wei zu zhi jie gou de ying xiang (上颌快速扩弓对安氏Ⅱ类1分类患者颌面三维组织结构的影响)
REN Liuyang, WANG Xiying, SU Jiazuo, HU Watesaireke, XIONG Zuo
...... page:539-543
di shi si ci quan guo kou qiang zuo mian wai ke xue shu hui yi di yi lun hui yi tong zhi (第十四次全国口腔颌面外科学术会议第一轮会议通知)

...... page:543
bu tong zheng ji zhi liao cuo shi dui cuo zuo ji xing huan zhe zuo gou ye mmp-2 timp-2 shui ping de ying xiang fen xi (不同正畸治疗措施对错畸形患者龈沟液MMP-2、TIMP-2水平的影响分析)
XIONG Yafang, ZHU Niman, YANG Fang
...... page:544-547
kou qiang lin zhuang xi bao ai huan zhe wai zhou xue lin ba xi bao mian yi fen xing ji lin chuang yi yi (口腔鳞状细胞癌患者外周血淋巴细胞免疫分型及临床意义)
YANG Liu, CHEN Juan, DAN Zhongyan, LEI Zuo, QUAN Hongzhi, TANG Zhangui
...... page:548-553
pnas fa biao zui xin nei fen mi dai xie yan jiu ling yu zhong mei he zuo cheng guo (《PNAS》发表最新内分泌代谢研究领域中美合作成果)

...... page:553
zuo pi su dui acc-m xi bao luo shu yi zhi liu yi liu xiao guo de ti nei shi yan yan jiu (槲皮素对ACC-M细胞裸鼠移植瘤抑瘤效果的体内实验研究)
HOU Guoling, YAO Yao, WAN Guangyong
...... page:554-557
tong zhong yi ti gu fu he gu sui jian chong zhi gan xi bao yong yu zuo tu que sun xiu fu de shi yan xing yan jiu (同种异体骨复合骨髓间充质干细胞用于髁突缺损修复的实验性研究)
HUANG Shuo, LI Yongfeng, TAN Xinying, WANG Hong, ZHANG Andong, HU Min, LIU Changkui
...... page:558-562
ban dao ti ji guang mei bai cheng xu dui ya sui zu zhi zhong jiang gai su xiang guan zuo he 5- zuo se an de ying xiang ji yi yi (半导体激光美白程序对牙髓组织中降钙素相关肽和5-羟色胺的影响及意义)
LI Chunnian
...... page:563-566
hu bei sheng kou qiang ji chu yi xue zhong dian shi yan shi - sheng bu gong jian guo jia zhong dian shi yan shi pei yu ji di zuo kou qiang sheng wu yi xue jiao yu bu zhong dian shi yan shi ( wu han da xue ) di er jie xue shu wei yuan hui di yi ci hui yi shun li ju xing (湖北省口腔基础医学重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地暨口腔生物医学教育部重点实验室(武汉大学)第二届学术委员会第一次会议顺利举行)

...... page:566
kou qiang jiao hua ruan zu zhi que sun tu mo xing de jian li yu ping gu (口腔角化软组织缺损兔模型的建立与评估)
WANG Lei, FAN Yawei
...... page:567-571
kou qiang ji bing fang zhi za zhi zheng gao ji zheng ding qi shi (《口腔疾病防治》杂志征稿及征订启事)

...... page:571
ce xiang zhuan wei ban jie he shang pi xia jie di zu zhi yi zhi zhi liao zhong du miller ya zuo tui suo 1 li (侧向转位瓣结合上皮下结缔组织移植治疗重度Miller Ⅲ°牙龈退缩1例)
ZHANG Huihui, LI Mingli, LI Chengzhang
...... page:572-574
chun zuo lie yi gan ji yin yan jiu qu de xin jin zhan (唇腭裂易感基因研究取得新进展)

...... page:574
zuo xia wo qin xi xing xian wei liu bing 3 li (颞下窝侵袭性纤维瘤病3例)
ZOU Haixiao, YANG Haili, LIU Mingjun, SONG Li
...... page:575-576


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Scholar : Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Year 2018, Issue 10 -New Issue Alert.



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In this issue:

2017 ban aao-hnsf bppv lin chuang shi jian zhi nan jie du : zhen duan yu jian cha (2017版AAO-HNSF《BPPV临床实践指南》解读:诊断与检查)
WU Peixia, wang , LI Wenzuo, LI Huawei
...... page:723-727
tou mai chong yi zhi mo xing shimp zai qian ting jian cha zhong de ying yong jia zhi tan tao (头脉冲抑制模型SHIMP在前庭检查中的应用价值探讨)
DU Yi, LIU Xingjian, REN Lili, ZHANG Suzhen, YANG Shiming, WU Ziming
...... page:728-732
gu shi ying hua quan er nei jing shou shu ji jin qi liao xiao fen xi (鼓室硬化全耳内镜手术及近期疗效分析)
LIU Zuo, XIE Jinghua, HE Long, LI Peng
...... page:732-736
760 li hou lin zhuang xi bao ai kai fang xing hou gong neng bao quan shou shu de hui gu xing fen xi (760例喉鳞状细胞癌开放性喉功能保全手术的回顾性分析)
TAO Lei, ZHOU Liang, WU Haitao, LI Zuoming, CHEN Xiaoling, LI Cai, XIE Ming, ZHANG Ming, CHENG Lei, TANG Di
...... page:737-744
bi xi rou zu zhi zhong shi suan li xi bao bu tong jian ce fang fa de bi jiao yan jiu (鼻息肉组织中嗜酸粒细胞不同检测方法的比较研究)
SONG Yu, CHANG Hong, JI Wei, PENG Hong, SHI Feng, BAI Yunbo, YIN Jinshu
...... page:745-748
lun kuo hua bi nei jing shou shu zhi liao nan zhi xing bi zuo yan de jia zhi tan tao (轮廓化鼻内镜手术治疗难治性鼻窦炎的价值探讨)
LI Jiazuo, CHEN Feng, YU Chenjie, MA Xiaofeng, LI Hui, WANG Handong
...... page:749-753
xin li gan yu lian he di xi zuo dui tu fa xing long ban jiao lv huan zhe de liao xiao fen xi (心理干预联合地西泮对突发性聋伴焦虑患者的疗效分析)
GAO Gang, QIAN Maohua, JI Chao, YAO Mei
...... page:753-757
ben kan can kao wen xian de shu xie gui fan (本刊参考文献的书写规范)

...... page:757
er bi yan hou ke xuan yun men zhen 3137 li huan zhe chang jian bing yin fen bu ji te zheng fen xi (耳鼻咽喉科眩晕门诊3137例患者常见病因分布及特征分析)
ZHANG Xiuli, ZHANG Meijiao, LIU Delong, ZHANG Qingfeng
...... page:758-761
bian ying xing bi yan he bing xiao chuan cha yi xing biao da ji yin shai xuan yan jiu (变应性鼻炎合并哮喘差异性表达基因筛选研究)
CHEN Huilin, LI Xianqing, ZHU Zhenchao, PENG Yang, QIU Qianhui
...... page:762-766
you nian xing hou ru tou zhuang liu zhi qi guan ji fei nei bo san de ct biao xian (幼年型喉乳头状瘤支气管及肺内播散的CT表现)
LI Yingli, WU Mingzhe, CHAI Xiaoming, XU Jing
...... page:767-769
qie chu xian yang ti bian tao ti dui osahs huan er mian yi gong neng de ying xiang (切除腺样体、扁桃体对OSAHS患儿免疫功能的影响)
LAN Yangen, CHEN Kai, ZHANG Zhixiong, YE Yuanhang, ZHANG Zhenggang
...... page:770-773
gu shi nei ji su zhu she de bu liang fan ying fen xi ji ying dui cuo shi tan tao (鼓室内激素注射的不良反应分析及应对措施探讨)
WU Yongzhen, SONG Zi, GAO Na, ZHAO Zuo
...... page:773-777
wai wen qi kan kan ming suo xie de bu fen yuan ze (外文期刊刊名缩写的部分原则)

...... page:777
jing bi nei jing qie chu qin fan qian lu di bi qiang e xing zhong liu de liao xiao fen xi (经鼻内镜切除侵犯前颅底鼻腔恶性肿瘤的疗效分析)
SUN Jingwu, WANG Yinfeng, GUO Tao, BIE Yuanzhi, GAO Zuo, YIN Fei
...... page:778-781
37 li mu cun bing lin chuang fen xi (37例木村病临床分析)
SUN Guochen, LIU Feng, SUN Yan, GE Ruifeng, PANG Wenhui, SUN Shasha, ZUO Chuanshan
...... page:782-786
bei jing da xue ren min yi yuan di 25 jie bi zuo nei jing wei chuang wai ke xue xi ban tong zhi (北京大学人民医院"第25届鼻窦内镜微创外科学习班"通知)

...... page:786
ban osahs ji xian tian xing xin zang bing de crouzon zong he zheng 1 li (伴OSAHS及先天性心脏病的Crouzon综合征1例)
CHEN Qiurong, DAI Qingqing, ZOU Jian, ZHENG Hong
...... page:787-788
dan ke long kang ti zhi liao man xing bi - bi zuo yan ban huo bu ban bi xi rou de yi jian jin zhan (单克隆抗体治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴或不伴鼻息肉的意见进展)
CHEN Yangjuan, CHAI Xiangbin
...... page:789-793
wo shen jing fa yu bu liang huan zhe ren gong er wo zhi ru shu qian zhen duan yu ping gu (蜗神经发育不良患者人工耳蜗植入术前诊断与评估)
GONG Yue, WEI Xingmei, LI Yongxin
...... page:794-798
ren ru tou zhuang liu bing du gan ran yu bi nei fan xing ru tou zhuang liu (人乳头状瘤病毒感染与鼻内翻性乳头状瘤)
WU Di, WANG Chengshuo, ZHANG Luo
...... page:798-802


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Scholar : chinese Journal of Practical Stomatology, Year 2018, Issue 03 -New Issue Alert.



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In this issue:

Role of exosomes and its research prospect in dental field (外泌体的作用及其在口腔领域的研究展望)
LIU Na-na, ,ZHENG Yan, ,LIN Li
...... page:129-133
xin xi dong tai (信息动态)

...... page:133,139,166,178
Research progress of exosomes in oral area (口腔来源外泌体研究进展)
SHI Ya-fang, ,PENG Wen-ying, ,LIN Li
...... page:134-139
Research progress of activin A and its application prospects in the oral field (激活素A研究进展及其在口腔领域的应用前景)
ZHENG Yan, ,LIU Na-na, ,LIN Li
...... page:140-144
MicroRNA and oral diseases (微小RNA与口腔疾病)
PENG Wen-ying, ,SHI Ya-fang, ,LIN Li
...... page:145-149
Evidence-based medical research in the clinical progress of regenerative endodontics (牙髓再生治疗临床进展的循证医学研究)
XIAO Wen, ,WANG Jun
...... page:150-155
Expression level of human β-defensin-1,-2 and-3 in OSCC and its relationship with clinical TNM staging (口腔鳞癌组织中人β-防御素-1、-2、-3表达水平及其与临床TNM分期关系研究)
FANG Li, ,LI Guo-yang, ,LIU Ting, ,HUANG Xiao-feng, ,WANG Xiang, ,WANG Wen-mei
...... page:156-159
Anesthesia effect of infiltration anesthesia and block anesthesia in the treatment for irreversible pulpitis : a Meta-analysis (不可逆性牙髓炎治疗中浸润麻醉与阻滞麻醉效果Meta分析)
ZHANG Mei, ,ZHANG Yao, ,REN Shuang-shuang, ,LI Wen, ,YU Yi-jun, ,MIAO Lei-ying
...... page:160-166
Three-dimensional analysis of mandibular condyle position in skeletal class Ⅲ patients with mandibular asymmetry (骨性Ⅲ类偏颌患者下颌骨髁突位置三维评估研究)
QU Guan-lin, ,ZHANG Dan, ,YANG Ming-liang, ,YAN Guang-qi, ,ZHANG Yang
...... page:167-171
Treatment effect of oral propranolol combined with topical timolol maleate for infantile parotid hemangiomas (口服普萘洛尔与局部外用马来酸噻吗洛尔联合应用治疗婴幼儿腮腺区血管瘤疗效研究)
ZHANG Lei, ,CHENG Mo-sha, ,BAI Xiao-feng, ,WANG Xu-kai
...... page:172-175
Effect of different light-cured filling materials on marginal microleakage (不同光固化充填材料边缘微渗漏比较研究)
ZHANG Ling, ,ZHU Lin-lin, ,BI Jing
...... page:176-178
Comparison of the kinematic of natural condyle in temporomandibular joint and alloplastic joint prosthesis (正常颞下颌关节与人工关节假体髁突的运动比较)
ZOU Lu-xiang, ,HE Dong-mei
...... page:179-185
Research advances in the periodontal ligament regeneration in the avulsed tooth (全脱出牙齿牙周膜再生研究进展)
SONG Ge, ,JIANG Li-ming, ,CHEN Xu
...... page:186-189
xia zuo qian ya qu ya zuo wai zhou xing cheng you xi bao liu 1 li bao gao (下颌前牙区牙龈外周型成釉细胞瘤1例报告)
DIAO Yanfei, ,CAO Yang, ,LI Ning, ,ZHOU Jianhua
...... page:190-192


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The effect of anthropogenic activities on the phosphorus-buffering intensity of the two contrasting rivers in northern China

Abstract

The phosphorus (P)-buffering ability of suspended particulate matter (SPM) from the Ziya River Mainstream (ZRM) and the Luanhe River (LR) of northern China was investigated in this study. Forty samples of SPM from the ZRM and LR were collected in October and November of 2016. The ZRM has slow flow and poor water quality, while the LR has fast flow and reasonably good water quality. Under a scanning electron microscope, the SPM from the ZRM had a more complex microstructure than that from the LR, perhaps because of the slower flow and heavier pollution in the ZRM. P fractions in both SPM and water samples were determined using standard measurement and testing program methods. The equilibrium P concentration was used to determine the influence of SPM on soluble reactive P (SRP) concentrations. These SRP fractions were used to evaluate the P-buffering intensity of the two rivers. Differences in SPM microstructure resulted in the SPM from ZRM having a stronger P-buffering ability than the LR, making SPM an effective vector for SRP. Anthropogenic activities likely contributed to the differences in both microstructures of the SPM and P-buffering intensity of the rivers. A conceptual model was developed to show how anthropogenic activities influence the P-buffering intensity of the two rivers. As far as we know, this is the first time that the P-buffering intensity has been compared between two rivers that have been severely impacted by anthropogenic activities. Our findings provide an important reference for similar rivers worldwide.



https://ift.tt/2ss9cT1

Is skewed income distribution good for environmental quality? A comparative analysis among selected BRICS countries

Abstract

A large number of studies have examined the linkage between income inequality and environmental quality at the individual country levels. This study attempts to examine the linkage between the two factors for the individual BRICS economies from a comparative perspective, which is scarce in the literature. It examines the selected countries (Brazil, India, China and South Africa) by endogenising the patterns of primary energy consumption (coal use and petroleum use), total primary energy consumption, economic growth, and urbanisation as key determining factors in CO2 emission function. The long-run results based on ARDL bounds testing revealed that income inequality leads to increase in CO2 emissions for Brazil, India and China, while the same factor leads to reduction in CO2 emissions for South Africa. However, it observes that while coal use increases CO2 emissions for India, China and South Africa, it has no effect for Brazil. In contrast, the use of petroleum products contributes to CO2 emissions in Brazil, while the use of the same surprisingly results in reduction of carbon emissions in South Africa, India and China. The findings suggest that given the significance of income inequality in environmental pollution, the policy makers in these emerging economies have to take into consideration the role of income inequality, while designing the energy policy to achieve environmental sustainability.



https://ift.tt/2HeUlzT

Reply to the letter to the editor by Swarthout et al. (2018): Comments for Mertens et al. (2018), Glyphosate, a chelating agent—relevant for ecological risk assessment?



https://ift.tt/2sqaMou

Phthalate exposure as a risk factor for hypertension

Abstract

Phthalates are ubiquitous in environment. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Phthalate exposure is associated with hypertension in multiple studies. This review aims to summarize the scientific literature on associations between phthalate exposure and hypertension and discuss the mechanisms in the relationship. We identified and reviewed original articles published to March 2018, using PubMed and Web of Science to search the terms "phthalate(s)," "phthalic acid," "blood pressure," "high blood pressure," "hypertension," "prehypertension," and "cardiovascular disease." Findings were summarized based on the relevance to the themes, including presentation of main phthalates and their major metabolites as well as associations of phthalate exposure with blood pressure in epidemiological and experimental studies. We identified ten population-based investigations and five toxicological experiments. Epidemiological data underscored a possible correlation between phthalate exposure and hypertension in adults, whereas individual study in children stands on the opposite. Experimental studies mainly targeted the increasing effect of phthalates on blood pressure. This review suggested some underlying mechanisms of phthalate-associated hypertension. Considering the current evidence, phthalate might be risk factors of hypertension. However, the effect of phthalate exposure in early life on blood pressure in later life or adulthood is still unclear. Well-designed longitudinal and molecular mechanism studies are indispensable.



https://ift.tt/2HcXct2

Spent MgO-carbon refractory bricks as a material for permeable reactive barriers to treat a nickel- and cobalt-contaminated groundwater

Abstract

Spent magnesia (MgO)-carbon refractory bricks were repurposed as a permeable reactive barrier reactive media to treat a nickel (5 mg l−1)- and cobalt (0.3 mg l−1)-contaminated groundwater. MgO has been used for decades as a heavy metal precipitating agent as it hydrates and buffers the pH in a range of 8.5–10 associated with the minimum solubility of various divalent metals. The contaminated groundwater site's conditions are typical of contaminated neutral drainage with a pH of 6 as well as high concentrations of iron (220 mg l−1) and sulphates (2500 mg l−1). Using synthetic contaminated water, batch and small-scale column tests were performed to determine the treatment efficiency and longevity. The increase and stabilization of the pH at 10 observed during the tests are associated with the hydration and dissolution of the MgO and promoted the removal not only of a significant proportion of the contaminants but also of iron. During the column test, this accumulation of precipitates over time clogged and passivated the MgO resulting in a loss of chemical performance (pH lowering, metal breakthrough) after 210 pore volumes of filtration. Precipitation also affected the hydraulic conductivity values which dropped from 2.3·10−3 to 4.2·10−4 m s−1 at the end of test. Saturation indices and XRD analyses suggest the precipitates formed are likely composed of goethite as well as iron, cobalt and nickel hydroxides. Recycled MgO-C refractory bricks were demonstrated to be an efficient reactive material for the removal of Co and Ni, but careful considerations should be taken of the potential clogging and passivation phenomena given particular physicochemical conditions.



https://ift.tt/2su959i

Targeted reversal and phosphorescence lifetime imaging of cancer cell metabolism via a theranostic rhenium(I)-DCA conjugate

Publication date: September 2018
Source:Biomaterials, Volume 176
Author(s): Jing Yang, Qian Cao, Hang Zhang, Liang Hao, Danxia Zhou, Zhenji Gan, Zhiwei Li, Ye-Xiang Tong, Liang-Nian Ji, Zong-Wan Mao
Cancer cell metabolism is quite different from normal cells. Targeting cancer metabolism and untuning the tumor metabolic machine has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. We have developed a multi-functional Re-dca conjugate (Re-dca 2) by conjugating the metabolic modulator dichloroacetate (DCA) to mitochondria-targeted rhenium(I) complex, allowing its efficient penetration into cancer cells and selective accumulation in mitochondria, thus achieving the cancer cell metabolism reversal from glycolysis to glucose oxidation at pharmacologically relevant DCA doses. Mechanism studies confirm the inhibition effect of Re-dca 2 on the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) and capture the metabolic reversal window in Re-dca 2 treated NCI-1229 cells at the early stage of drug treatment, resulting in selective killing of malignant cells cocultured with normal cells, significant inhibition of cancer cell metastasis and invasion, as well as excellent anti-angiogenesis activities in zebrafish embryos. By comparison, DCA-free Re(I) analogue is also investigated under the same conditions. Although this analogue also exhibits cytotoxicity due to the Re(I) core, metabolic reversal is not induced by this analogue and its anti-metastasis activity is much lower than Re-dca 2, indicating the synergistic effect of Re(I) core and DCA moiety on cancer therapy. In vivo anti-cancer investigations also indicate that the mitochondria-targeted Re-dca 2 can effectively inhibit the tumor growth without affecting the body weight of nude mice, and the therapeutic effect is much better than the DCA-free Re(I) analogue 2a. Simultaneously, the O2-sensitive phosphorescent lifetimes of Re-dca 2 can be utilized for PLIM imaging of intracellular oxygen consumption, thus reflecting the Re-dca 2 induced glycolysis-to-glucose oxidation reversal at the early drug treatment stage. The excellent phosphorescence of Re-dca 2 can also be utilized for real-time tracking of mitochondrial morphological changes during treatment. In a word, rational design of phosphorescent metallodrug and metabolic modulator conjugates for synergistic treatment is a promising strategy for simultaneous untuning and tracking tumor metabolic machine, thus providing new clues for cancer therapy and mechanisms.

Graphical abstract

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The study of relationships between pKa value and siRNA delivery efficiency based on tri-block copolymers

Publication date: September 2018
Source:Biomaterials, Volume 176
Author(s): Lili Du, Changrong Wang, Lingwei Meng, Qiang Cheng, Junhui Zhou, Xiaoxia Wang, Deyao Zhao, Jianhua Zhang, Liandong Deng, Zicai Liang, Anjie Dong, Huiqing Cao
Tri-block copolymers have exhibited great potentials in small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics. To reveal structure-activity relationships, we here synthesized a series of tri-block copolymers with different hydrophobic segments, PEG-PAMA-P(C6Ax-C7Ay-DPAz-DBAm) (EAAS) and PEG-PDAMAEMA-P(C6Ax-C7Ay-DPAz-DBAm) (EDAS), termed from EAASa to EAASh and EDASa to EDASh, with pKa ranging from 5.2 to 7.0. Our data showed that the better gene silencing efficiency was located in pKa of 5.8–6.2, which was contributed from higher endosomal escape observed with confocal images and hemolysis assay. EAASc, the leader polymer, showed excellent gene knockdown at w/w ratio of 14.5 on HepG2 (89.94%), MDA-MB-231 (92.45%), 293A (83.06%), and Hela cells (80.27%), all better than lipofectamine 2000. Besides, EAASc mediated effective gene silencing in tumor when performed peritumoral injection. This work found out that polymers with pKa ranging from 5.8 to 6.2 were efficient in siRNA delivery, which provided an optimization strategy for siRNA delivery systems, especially for tri-block copolymers.



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Anthropogenic CO 2 emissions from a megacity in the Yangtze River Delta of China

Abstract

Anthropogenic CO2 emissions from cities represent a major source contributing to the global atmospheric CO2 burden. Here, we examined the enhancement of atmospheric CO2 mixing ratios by anthropogenic emissions within the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China, one of the world's most densely populated regions (population greater than 150 million). Tower measurements of CO2 mixing ratios were conducted from March 2013 to August 2015 and were combined with numerical source footprint modeling to help constrain the anthropogenic CO2 emissions. We simulated the CO2 enhancements (i.e., fluctuations superimposed on background values) for winter season (December, January, and February). Overall, we observed mean diurnal variation of CO2 enhancement of 23.5~49.7 μmol mol−1, 21.4~52.4 μmol mol−1, 28.1~55.4 μmol mol−1, and 29.5~42.4 μmol mol−1 in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. These enhancements were much larger than previously reported values for other countries. The diurnal CO2 enhancements reported here showed strong similarity for all 3 years of the study. Results from source footprint modeling indicated that our tower observations adequately represent emissions from the broader YRD area. Here, the east of Anhui and the west of Jiangsu province contributed significantly more to the anthropogenic CO2 enhancement compared to the other sectors of YRD. The average anthropogenic CO2 emission in 2014 was 0.162 (± 0.005) mg m−2 s−1 and was 7 ± 3% higher than 2010 for the YRD. Overall, our emission estimates were significantly smaller (9.5%) than those estimated (0.179 mg m−2 s−1) from the EDGAR emission database.



https://ift.tt/2JncJM1

A novel diindolylmethane analog, 1,1-bis(3’-indolyl)-1-(p-chlorophenyl) methane, inhibits the tumor necrosis factor-induced inflammatory response in primary murine synovial fibroblasts through a Nurr1-dependent mechanism

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Publication date: September 2018
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 101
Author(s): Maryam F. Afzali, Katriana A. Popichak, Lindsey H. Burton, Anna L. Klochak, William J. Wilson, Stephen Safe, Ronald B. Tjalkens, Marie E. Legare
The progression of rheumatoid arthritis involves the thickening of the synovial lining due to the proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and infiltration by inflammatory cells. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in progression of the disease. Under rheumatoid conditions, FLS express the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-recognition complex (TNFR1, TNFR2, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1), which induces local macrophage activation and leads to downstream nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling. The NF-κB-regulated inflammatory gene, cyclooxygenase (COX), increases synthesis of prostaglandins that contribute to the propagation of inflammatory damage within the joint. Because the nuclear orphan receptor, NR4A2 (Nurr1), can negatively regulate NF-κB-dependent inflammatory gene expression in macrophages, we postulated that activation of this receptor by the Nurr1 ligand 1,1-bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-chlorophenyl) methane (C-DIM12) would modulate inflammatory gene expression in synovial fibroblasts by inhibiting NF-κB. Treatment with C-DIM12 suppressed TNFα-induced expression of adhesion molecules and NF-κB regulated genes in primary synovial fibroblasts including vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), PGE2 and COX-2. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that C-DIM12 did not prevent translocation of p65 and stabilized nuclear localization of Nurr1 in synovial fibroblasts. Knockdown of Nurr1 expression by RNA interference prevented the inhibitory effects of C-DIM12 on inflammatory gene expression, indicating that the anti-inflammatory effects of this compound are Nurr1-dependent. Collectively, these data suggest that this receptor may be a viable therapeutic target in RA.



https://ift.tt/2Jlva3L

Morphological and ultrastructural changes in the placenta of the diabetic pregnant Egyptian women

S00651281.gif

Publication date: Available online 2 June 2018
Source:Acta Histochemica
Author(s): Nabila Yousef Abdelhalim, Mohammed Hany Shehata, Hanan Nabih Gadallah, Walaa Mohamed Sayed, Aref Ali Othman
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease in which the body fails to produce enough insulin or increased tissue resistance to insulin. The diabetes may have profound effects on placental development and function. This study was designed to detect the placental changes in pregnancy associated with DM comparing these changes with normal placenta. The study was carried out on sixty full-term placentae; divided into three equal groups; control group (group I): placentae of normal pregnancy, uncontrolled diabetes (group II): placentae from pregnant women whose blood glucose is poorly controlled during pregnancy. Controlled diabetes (group III): includes placentae from diabetic women whose blood glucose is controlled during pregnancy. The placentae from group II tend to be heavier and exhibited immaturity of villi, villous edema, fibrosis, excessive syncytial knots formation and infarctions. In addition to, fibrinoid necrosis, increased thickness of vasculosyncytial membrane, syncytial basement membrane, microvillous abnormalities and vascular endothelial changes were demonstrated. The syncytial multivesicular knots were present in placentae of group II. The nuclei within these syncytial knots display condensed chromatin, either dispersed throughout the nucleus or in the form of dense peripheral clumps with and numerous cytoplasmic vacuoles. The syncytial basement membrane showed focal areas of increase in its thickness and irregularity. Villous cytotrophoblasts showed increased number and activity in the form of numerous secretory granules, abundant dilated RER, larger distorted mitochondria. Villous vessels showed various degrees of abnormalities in the form of endothelial cell enlargement, folding, thickening and protrusion of their luminal surfaces into vascular lumen making it narrower in caliber. In placentae of group III, most of these abnormalities decreased. In most of placentae of group III, the VSM appeared nearly normal in thickness and showed nearly normal composition of one layer of syncytiotrophoblastic cells, one layer of smooth, regular capillary endothelium and the space between them. Mild microvillous abnormalities were noted in few placentae as they appeared short and blunted with mild decrease in their number per micron. The electron picture of syncytial knots appeared nearly normal containing aggregations of small, condensed hyperchromatic nuclei, minimal vacuoles could be seen in the cytoplasm of syncytial knots. Syncytial basement membrane appeared regular and nearly normal in its thickness and composition coming in direct contact with fetal blood capillaries but mild abnormalities were noted in the basement membrane in few placentae as increased its thickness and deposition of fibers or fibrinoid. Regarding cytotrophoblasts in the terminal villi of placentae with controlled diabetes, these cells appeared nearly normal. They were scattered beneath the syncytium and were active containing mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes and a large nucleus with fine dispersed chromatin. The vascular ultrastructural pattern in terminal villi of placentae of this group showed no significant abnormalities and was normally distributed in the villous tree. The luminal surface of the vascular endothelium appeared regular smooth in the majority of placentae of this group. The endothelial cells appeared connected to each other with tight junctions. It could be concluded that whether if long-term diabetes is controlled or not, placentae of diabetic mother showed a variety of significant histological structural changes seen more frequently than in the placentae of pregnant women without diabetes.



https://ift.tt/2kGdPV4

Association of telomere length with general cognitive trajectories: a meta-analysis of four prospective cohort studies

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Publication date: September 2018
Source:Neurobiology of Aging, Volume 69
Author(s): Yiqiang Zhan, Mark S. Clements, Rosebud O. Roberts, Maria Vassilaki, Brooke R. Druliner, Lisa A. Boardman, Ronald C. Petersen, Chandra A. Reynolds, Nancy L. Pedersen, Sara Hägg
To investigate the association of telomere length (TL) with trajectories of general cognitive abilities, we used data on 5955 participants from the Sex Differences in Health and Aging Study and the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging in Sweden, and the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, and the Health and Retirement Study in the United States. TL was measured at baseline, while general cognitive ability was assessed repeatedly up to 7 occasions. Latent growth curve models were used to examine the associations. One standard deviation increase of TL was associated with 0.021 unit increase (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.001, 0.042) of standardized mean general cognitive ability. After controlling for sex, the point estimate remained similar (0.019) with a wider CI (95% CI: −0.002, 0.039). The association was attenuated with adjustment for educational attainment (0.009, 95% CI: −0.009, 0.028). No strong evidence was observed for the association of TL and decline in general cognitive ability. Longer TL was associated with higher general cognitive ability levels in the age-adjusted models but not in the models including all covariates, nor with cognitive decline.



https://ift.tt/2Lh5VwR

Histologic heterogeneity of triple negative breast cancer: A National Cancer Centre Database analysis

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Publication date: July 2018
Source:European Journal of Cancer, Volume 98
Author(s): Matthew N. Mills, George Q. Yang, Daniel E. Oliver, Casey L. Liveringhouse, Kamran A. Ahmed, Amber G. Orman, Christine Laronga, Susan J. Hoover, Nazanin Khakpour, Ricardo L.B. Costa, Roberto Diaz
BackgroundTriple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease, but recent studies have identified heterogeneity in patient outcomes. However, the utility of histologic subtyping in TNBC has not yet been well-characterised. This study utilises data from the National Cancer Center Database (NCDB) to complete the largest series to date investigating the prognostic importance of histology within TNBC.MethodsA total of 729,920 patients (pts) with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC), medullary breast carcinoma (MedBC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) or apocrine breast carcinoma (ABC) treated between 2004 and 2012 were identified in the NCDB. Of these, 89,222 pts with TNBC that received surgery were analysed. Kaplan–Meier analysis, log-rank testing and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression were utilised with overall survival (OS) as the primary outcome.ResultsMBC (74.1%), MedBC (60.6%), ACC (75.7%), ABC (50.1%) and ILC (1.8%) had significantly different proportions of triple negativity when compared to IDC (14.0%, p < 0.001). TNBC predicted an inferior OS in IDC (p < 0.001) and ILC (p < 0.001). Lumpectomy and radiation (RT) were more common in MedBC (51.7%) and ACC (51.5%) and less common in MBC (33.1%) and ILC (25.4%), when compared to IDC (42.5%, p < 0.001). TNBC patients with MBC (HR 1.39, p < 0.001), MedBC (HR 0.42, p < 0.001) and ACC (HR 0.32, p = 0.003) differed significantly in OS when compared to IDC.Conclusion(s)Our results indicate that histologic heterogeneity in TNBC significantly informs patient outcomes and thus, has the potential to aid in the development of optimum personalised treatments.



https://ift.tt/2J5eDBv

The chiral nature of the enhanced interrogation programme

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Publication date: Available online 2 June 2018
Source:Aggression and Violent Behavior
Author(s): Myles Balfe
The United States suffered a catastrophic attack on September 11th 2001. The response to these killings, by the United States and its allies, was extremely forceful. As part of this response, US security institutions, and the health professionals who worked for them, developed an 'enhanced interrogation', or torture, programme to acquire intelligence from detainees in their custody. The enhanced interrogation programme has been described as a 'conflicted' phenomenon. This article considers in detail precisely why the enhanced interrogation programme, and the role of health professionals in it, can be said to be conflicted. The article identifies a number of reasons, including: the ambiguous and divided nature of the violence used in it; the dual roles that health professionals played in the enhanced interrogation initiative as healers and interrogators; professional division over the programme's ethics and effectiveness; the serious and negative impacts that the programme had on interrogators as well as detainees; and its split legacies. Underlying these individual reasons is the sense that the enhanced interrogation initiative was 'doubled', something that often pulled in two opposing dimensions simultaneously, and could be interpreted in divergent ways. The article concludes with a reiteration of the reasons why torture is ethically and effectively wrong.



https://ift.tt/2HfIrFQ

Synthesis of Sulfadiazinyl acyl/aryl thiourea derivatives as calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase inhibitors, Pharmacokinetic properties, Lead optimization, Lineweaver-Burk plot evaluation and Binding analysis

Publication date: Available online 2 June 2018
Source:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Author(s): Sajid-ur-Rehman, Aamer Saeed, Gufran Saddique, Pervaiz Ali Channar, Fayaz Ali Larik, Qamar Abbas, Mubashir Hassan, Hussain Raza, Tanzeela Abdul Fattah, Sung-Yum Seo
To seek the new medicinal potential of sulfadiazine drug, the free amino group of sulfadiazine was exploited to obtain acyl/aryl thioureas using simple and straightforward protocol. Acyl/aryl thioureas are well recognized bioactive pharmacophore containing moieties. A new series (4a-4j) of sulfadiazine derived acyl/aryl thioureas was synthesized and characterized through spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The synthesized derivatives 4a-4j were subjected to calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CIAP) activity. The derivative 4a-4j showed better inhibition potential compared to standard monopotassium phosphate (MKP). The compound 4c exhibited higher potential in the series with IC50 0.251±0.012µM (standard KH2PO4 4.317±0.201µM). Lineweaver-Burk plots revealed that most potent derivative 4c inhibition CIAP via mixed type pathway. Pharmacological investigations showed that synthesized compounds 4a-4j obey Lipinsk's rule. ADMET parameters evaluation predicted that these molecule show significant lead like properties with minimum possible toxicity and can serve as templates in drug designing. The synthetic compounds show none mutagenic and irritant behavior. Molecular docking analysis showed that compound 4c interacts with Asp273, His317 and Arg166 amino acid residues.

Graphical abstract

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https://ift.tt/2HfXvDn

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel biphenyl-4-carboxamide derivatives as orally available TRPV1 antagonists

Publication date: Available online 2 June 2018
Source:Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Author(s): Hiromasa Oka, Koichi Yonezawa, Akio Kamikawa, Kazuhiro Ikegai, Norio Asai, Shohei Shirakami, Satoshi Miyamoto, Toshihiro Watanabe, Tetsuo Kiso, Yukihiro Takemoto, Seiji Tamura, Takahiro Kuramochi
A new series of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) antagonists were designed and synthesized from N-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl-4-carboxamide hydrochloride (8). SAR studies identified (R)-N-(1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-quinolyl)-2-[(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl]biphenyl-4-carboxamide hydrochloride (ASP8370, 7), as a compound with high aqueous solubility, satisfactory stability in human liver microsomes, and reduced CYP3A4 inhibition. ASP8370 was selected as a clinical development candidate with significant ameliorative effects on neuropathic pain. SAR studies also revealed the structural mechanisms underlying the switching between TRPV1 antagonism and agonism.

Graphical abstract

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https://ift.tt/2kH9pNQ

Implementation of enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT-E) for adults with anorexia nervosa in an outpatient eating-disorder unit at a public hospital

Abstract

Background

Anorexia nervosa (AN) in adults is difficult to treat, and no current treatment is supported by robust evidence. A few studies, most of which were performed by highly specialized research units, have indicated that enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT-E) for eating disorders can be effective. However, the dropout rate is high and the evidence from non-research clinical units is sparse.

Methods

This quality assessment project implemented CBT-E in an outpatient setting at a public hospital. Forty-four patients with AN started therapy. Each patient received at least 40 sessions of CBT-E over a 12-month period. Their body mass index (BMI) was recorded at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months. Reasons for not starting therapy or for leaving therapy prematurely were recorded.

Results

Half (n = 22) of the 44 patients who started outpatient CBT-E did not complete the treatment. In the remaining sample there was a large (and statistically significant) weight gain after 12 months. The percentage of patients achieving the target BMI of > 18.5 kg/m2 was 36.4, 50.0 and 77.3% after 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively.

Conclusions

This quality assessment project shows that it is possible to establish effective CBT-E in an outpatient eating-disorder unit at a public hospital. Although half of the patients did not complete CBT-E, the remaining patients achieved a significant increase in BMI at 1 year after the start of therapy.



https://ift.tt/2J8XH9i

Medium- and Large-Sized Autologous Breast Reconstruction using a Fleur-de-lys Profunda Femoris Artery Perforator Flap Design: A Report Comparing Results with the Horizontal Profunda Femoris Artery Perforator Flap

J reconstr Microsurg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1649508

Background The volume of the profunda femoris artery perforator (PAP) flap limits its indications to small- and medium-sized breast reconstructions after modified radical mastectomy for cancer. We report a modified PAP flap design, including not only a vertical extension that increases its volume but also the skin surface, which suits larger breasts requiring immediate or delayed breast reconstructions and compare the results with our horizontal skin paddle PAP flap experience. Patients and Methods In our center between November 2014 and November 2016, 51 consecutive patients underwent a PAP flap breast reconstruction following breast cancer. A retrospective analysis on the collected data was performed to compare 34 patients with a bra cup smaller than C who underwent 41 horizontal PAP flap procedures, with those (n = 17) of a bra cup greater than or equal to C who underwent 21 fleur-de-lys PAP flap procedures. Demographic, anthropometric, flap and surgical characteristics, postoperative complication rates, and hospital stay were compared between the two groups. Results The average flap weight was 480 g (range: 340–735 g) for the fleur-de-lys PAP flap group compared with 222 g (range: 187–325 g) for the horizontal PAP flap procedure (p < 0.001). The mean flap dimensions were 25 × 18 cm for the fleur-de-lys PAP flap group compared with 25 × 7 cm in the horizontal PAP flap group. No flap failure was observed in the fleur-de-lys PAP flap group compared with two flap failures secondary to venous thrombosis in the horizontal PAP flap group (NS). Three patients (14%) experienced delayed healing at the donor site compared with four patients (10%) in the horizontal PAP flap group (NS). Conclusion The fleur-de-lys skin paddle design not only allows an increase of the horizontal PAP flap volume, but also increases the skin surface, with an acceptable donor site morbidity. For medium- or large-sized breasts, the fleur-de-lys PAP flap seems to be ideal when a DIEP flap-based reconstruction is contraindicated.
[...]

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Effect of particle size on particulate matter emissions during biosolid char combustion under air and oxyfuel conditions

Publication date: 15 November 2018
Source:Fuel, Volume 232
Author(s): Sui Boon Liaw, Xujun Chen, Yun Yu, Mário Costa, Hongwei Wu
In an industrial scale furnace, solid fuels can be fired in a wide range of particle sizes. This study aims to investigate the effect of the particle size on particulate matter (PM) emissions during combustion under air and oxyfuel (30% O2/70% CO2) conditions. Biosolid chars prepared from the pyrolysis of three different biosolid particle sizes at 1300 °C were burned in a drop tube furnace. The experimental results indicate that a shift from small to large char particles leads to >55% reduction in PM1–10 emission when combustion occurs in air, likely due to less intense char fragmentation experienced by the large char particles. Such a reduction originates from a decrease in Mg, Ca, P, Si, Al and some trace elements (V, Co, Cu, Zn and Mn) release as PM1–10. In contrast, PM1 emission is not affected by the char particle size. However, under oxyfuel conditions, the PM1–10 emission from the small char particles is ∼65% of that released during combustion in air. In addition, the PM1–10 emission from large char particles only reduced by ∼27% when compared to that from small char particles. This observation is likely to result from the coalescence of ash particles to form PM with particle sizes >10 µm due to the increase surface mobility caused by repeated formation and decomposition of CaCO3 in the ash.



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Photophysicochemical properties and photodynamic therapy activity of highly water-soluble Zn(II) phthalocyanines

Publication date: 5 October 2018
Source:Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, Volume 203
Author(s): David O. Oluwole, Fatma Aslıhan Sarı, Earl Prinsloo, Edith Dube, Abdulcelil Yuzer, Tebello Nyokong, Mine Ince
The syntheses of two zinc(II) phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) having either imidazole (ZnPc 1) or pyridiloxy (ZnPc 2) moieties as their macrocycle substituents are reported. Quaternization of the ZnPcs with methyl iodide afforded water soluble cationic phthalocyanines. The photophysical, photochemical properties and photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity of the ZnPcs were studied in solution. The fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime of ZnPc 1 were higher as compared to ZnPc 2. ZnPc 2 afforded higher triplet state (ΦT) and singlet oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ) in comparison to ZnPc 1. The PDT activity of ZnPcs was investigated against human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF–7). The two compounds afforded a very minimal in vitro dark cytotoxicity with 85% viable cells at concentration ≤80 μM. On irradiation of the cells having the ZnPcs, ≥50% cell death was recorded for ZnPc 1 which was also evidenced by the cells photo–micrograph.

Graphical abstract

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A novel mutation in the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene of a Hispanic child: metformin treatment shows a beneficial impact on the body mass index

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print


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Impact of a group-based treatment program on adipocytokines, oxidative status, inflammatory cytokines and arterial stiffness in obese children and adolescents

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print


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Genetic analysis of three families with X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print


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Clinical and molecular genetic characterization of two patients with mutations in the phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) gene

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print


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Frontmatter

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: i-iv

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Congenital hypothyroidism

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 595-596

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The etiologies and incidences of congenital hypothyroidism before and after neonatal TSH screening program implementation: a study in southern Thailand

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 609-617

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Current status of the congenital hypothyroidism neonatal screening program in Adana Province, Turkey

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 619-624

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Risk of hypoglycemia in youth with type 2 diabetes on insulin

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 625-630

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Metabolic risk factors in adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 631-635

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Definition of reference ranges for β-isomerized carboxy-terminal telopeptide collagen type I for children and adolescents

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 637-640

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Brown adipose tissue in young adults who were born preterm or small for gestational age

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 641-647

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Predictors of bone maturation, growth rate and adult height in children with central precocious puberty treated with depot leuprolide acetate

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 655-663

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Initial presentations and associated clinical findings in patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 671-673

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Cardiac examination in children with Laron syndrome undergoing mecasermin therapy

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 675-679

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Exertional rhabdomyolysis in carbonic anhydrase 12 deficiency

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume: 31
Issue: 6
Pages: 697-699

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Inhibition of biofilm formation by Cd2+ on Bacillus subtilis 1JN2 depressed its biocontrol efficiency against Ralstonia wilt on tomato

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Publication date: Available online 2 June 2018
Source:Microbiological Research
Author(s): Wei Yang, Haixia Yan, Ji Zhang, Yuming Gao, Wei Xu, Jinshan Shang, Yuming Luo
Bacillus subtilis 1JN2 can serve as an effective biocontrol agent against Ralstonia wilt on tomato, but the efficiency of control depends on the levels of heavy metals in the rhizosphere soil. Here, we investigated how the heavy metal Cd2+ affects the biocontrol efficacy of B.subtilis 1JN2 on Ralstonia wilt. We found that low Cd2+ content of 2 mM or lower had no effects on the biofilm formation of 1JN2, while media containing 3 mM or higher Cd2+ levels inhibited biofilm formation. Interestingly, high concentration of Cd2+ (5 mM) showed inhibition of B.subtilis 1JN2 cell growth. We next tested the effects of Cd2+ on the colonization of 1JN2 by supplementing artificial Cd2+ in the tomato rhizosphere in a greenhouse setting. We found that 3 mM Cd2+ in the tomato rhizosphere inhibited the colonization of B.subtilis 1JN2, Only 103 CFU/mL 1JN2 was detected one week post treated with 107 CFU/mL but 105 CFU/mL could be detected without Cd2+ in the soil. The presence of Cd2+ had no effect on the colonization of Ralstonia solanacearum on tomato, but the biocontrol efficacy against Ralstonia wilt by 1JN2 decreased 54.2% when the soil contained 3 mM Cd2+ compared to the control without Cd2+. Taken together, we found that the failure of biofilm formation of Bacillus subtilis 1JN2 that affected by Cd2+ lead to the decrease of its biocontrol efficacy against Ralstonia wilt on tomato.



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