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Δευτέρα 14 Δεκεμβρίου 2020

CircRNA_0000392 promotes colorectal cancer progression through the miR-193a-5p/PIK3R3/AKT axis

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs), important members of the noncoding RNA family, have been recently revealed to play a role in the pathogenic progression of diseases, particularly in the malignant progression of cance...
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Activity of Ligustrum robustum (Roxb.) Blume extract against the biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide synthesis of Streptococcus mutans

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Abstract

Ligustrum robustum (Roxb.) Blume is utilized as a traditional Chinese herbal tea with various health benefits and protective effects. Streptococcus mutans is an important cariogenic oral bacteria species. The present study aimed to assess the influence of Ligustrum. robustum extract (LRE) on the biofilm formation of S. mutans and the mechanism of its action, as well as to identify its chemical components. For chemical identification, HPLC‐MS and NMR were applied and four identified phytochemicals were reported (Ligurobustoside B, Ligurobustoside N, Ligurobustoside J and Ligurobustoside C). The dose‐dependent (0.5 to 2.0 μg/μL) antimicrobial toxicity of LRE against S. mutans biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis were evaluated by Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), Crystal violet stain and CFU counting. The microstructure of S. mutans biofilm treated with LRE was investigated both on glass coverslips an d ex vivo bovine dental enamel by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, LRE downregulated the expression of S. mutans glucosyltransferase‐encoding genes gtfB, gtfC and gtfD, and the quorum sensing (QS) factors comD and comE, suggesting its toxic mechanism. In addition, the result of CCK‐8 test on human oral cells revealed an acceptable biocompatibility of LRE. These findings indicated the possible application of this daily consumed herbal tea for caries prevention.

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[ASAP] Synthesis and Screening of α-Xylosides in Human Glioblastoma Cells

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Molecular Pharmaceutics
DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00839
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Die Stimulation des Nervus hypoglossus in der Behandlung der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe – Aktualisiertes Positionspapier der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Schlafmedizin der DGHNO-KHC

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Laryngorhinootologie
DOI: 10.1055/a-1327-1343

Die Stimulation des Nervus hypoglossus (HNS) zur Behandlung der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe (OSA) hat seit der ersten Stellungnahme der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Schlafmedizin der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie (DGHNO) einen festen Stellenwert erhalten. Die vorhandenen 3 Systeme unterscheiden sich in der technischen Ausgestaltung des ähnlichen Grundprinzips. Für die unilaterale atmungsgesteuerte HNS existieren hier mehrere Vergleichsstudien, Registeranalysen mit 4-stelligen Patientenzahlen und mehrjährigen Nachsorgeergebnissen. Die kontinuierliche HNS verzichtet auf die Atmungserkennung, und im Gegensatz zum atmungsgesteuerten HNS is t eine Schlafendoskopie zur Indikationsstellung nicht notwendig. Die bilaterale kontinuierliche HNS ist als einziges Verfahren teilimplantierbar; hierzu liegen erste Machbarkeitsstudien vor. Wesentlich für die Indikation ist die mit schlafmedizinischer Expertise beurteilte Non-Adhärenz der Überdrucktherapie bei einer mindestens mittelgradigen OSA in individueller Abwägung von weiteren Therapieoptionen. Die implantierende Klinik steht im Mittelpunkt der interdisziplinären Therapieverantwortung und ist bei Therapieproblemen Hauptansprechpartner. Dies erklärt die strukturellen Anforderungen zur Sicherung der Ergebnisqualität und Minimierung von Komplikationen. Die Nachsorge der HNS-versorgten Patienten kann sehr gut sektoren- und fachdisziplinübergreifend erfolgen, wobei Mindestangaben zur Behandlungswirkung und Nutzung dokumentiert werden sollten.
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Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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Κυριακή 13 Δεκεμβρίου 2020

Advanced age heightens hepatic damage in a murine model of scald burn injury

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Background: Elderly burn patients exhibit a lower survival rate compared with younger counterparts. The liver is susceptible to damage after burn injury, which predisposes to poor outcomes. Lipid homeostasis and the antioxidant glutathione system play fundamental roles in preserving liver integrity. Herein, we explored changes in these major pathways associated with liver damage in the aging animals after burn injury. Methods: We compared liver enzymes, histology, lipid-peroxidation, and glutathione-metabolism profiles from young and aged female mice after a 15% total-body-surface-area burn. Mice were euthanized at 24hours after injury, and livers and serum were collected. Results: Aged burn animals exhibited elevated (p
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Fast Track Pathway Provides Safe, Value Based Care on Busy Acute Care Surgery Service

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Abstract: Background Fast track(FT) pathways have been adopted across a multitude of elective surgeries but have been slow to be adopted into the acute care surgery(ACS) realm. We hypothesized that a FT pathway for acute cholecystitis patients would decrease patient length of stay and resource utilization. Methods All patients at two hospitals, one with a FT pathway and one with a traditional pathway, that underwent an urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis between May 1, 2019 and October 31, 2019 were queried using CPT codes. Exclusion criteria were conversion to open or partial cholecystectomy. Retrospective chart review was used to gather demographics, operative, hospital course, and outcomes. Time to OR, hospital length of stay, and resource utilization were the primary outcomes. Results There was a total of 479 urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed, four hundred and thirty(89.8%) were performed under the FT pathway. The median[IQR] time to the OR was not different: 14.1 hours[8.3-29.0 hours] for FT and 18.5 hours[11.9-25.9 hours] for traditional(p=0.316). However, the median length of stay was shorter by 15.9 hours in the FT cohort(22.6 hours, [14.2-40.4] vs 38.5 hours,[28.3-56.3];p0.2 for all). On multivariate analysis, having a fast track pathway was an independent predictor of discharge within 24 hours of surgical consultation(OR 7.65, 95% CI 2.90-20.15, p
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TRAUMA PATIENT TRANSPORT TIMES UNCHANGED DESPITE TRAUMA CENTER PROLIFERATION: A 10 YEAR REVIEW

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Introduction In certain regions of the U.S. there has been a dramatic proliferation of trauma centers. The goal of our study was to evaluate transport times during this period of trauma center proliferation. Methods Aggregated data summarizing level I trauma center admissions in Arizona between 2009 and 2018 were provided to our institution by the Arizona Department of Health Services. We evaluated patient demographics, transport times and injury severity for both rural and urban injuries. Results Data included statistics summarizing 266,605 level I trauma admissions in the state of Arizona. The number of state-designated trauma centers during this time increased from 14 to 47, with level I centers increasing from 8 to 13. Slight decreases in mean ISS (rural 9.4 vs. 8.4; urban 7.9 vs 7.0) were observed over this period. Median transport time for cases transported from the injury scene directly to a level I center remained stable in urban areas at 0.9 hours in both 2009 and 2018. In rural areas, transport times for these cases were approximately double, but also stable, with median times of 1.8 and 1.9 hours. Transport times for cases requiring inter-facility transfer prior to admission at a level I center increased by 0.3 hours for urban injuries (5.3 hours to 5.6) and 0.9 hours for rural injuries (5.6 to 6.5). Conclusion Despite the 3-fold increase in the number of state-designated trauma centers, transport time has not decreased in urban or rural areas. This finding highlights the need for regulatory oversight regarding the number and geographic placement of state-designated trauma centers. Level of Evidence III The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The study was presented as a Quickshot at the 79th Annual Meeting of AAST & Clinical Congress of Acute Care Surgery held online instead of Waikoloa, Hawaii, September 9-12, 2020. Corresponding Author: Jordan A. Weinberg, MD, Division Chief, Trauma/Acute General Surgery, Trauma Administration, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W. Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013. Tel: (602) 406-3157. Email: JordanWeinberg@Creighton.edu © 2020 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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Provisional Minifragment Plate Fixation of Acetabular Fractures—A Technical Trick

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imageSummary: Acetabular fractures may not always be amenable to classic clamp-assisted reductions and interfragmentary lag screw fixation. The routine clamp-assisted reductions with limited osseous territory availability can inhibit typical 3.5-mm reconstruction plate application. Provisional minifragment plate fixation of these fracture patterns with subsequent clamp removal allows for definitive plate application. The provisional minifragment plates may also be retained to theoretically augment fixation. The authors present a step-by-step technique and clinical series of 57 patients demonstrating provisional minifragment fixation of elementary (n = 8) and associated (n = 49) acetabular fractures.
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Surgical Dislocation or the Modified Heuter Anterior Approach for Pipkin I and II Femoral Head Fracture Dislocations

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imageObjectives: To compare outcomes after surgical treatment of Pipkin I and II femoral head fractures treated with either a surgical dislocation (SD) or a direct anterior approach (the modified Heuter approach). Study Design: Retrospective, multicentre. Setting: Three Level I trauma care centers. Patients: Fourty-nine patients operated for Pipkin types I or II femoral head fractures. Twenty-seven using SD and 22 using the modified Heuter approach. Interventions: Initial closed reduction of the joint followed by open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture/fragment excision. Fixation was performed using headless or countersunk mini fragment screws. Outcome Measurements: The 2 groups were compared for (1) perioperative measures: blood loss, surgical time, pain [visual analog scale (VAS)], and length of hospital stay; (2) radiological outcome in terms of fracture union, occurrence of posttraumatic hip arthritis, and femoral head osteonecrosis; and (3) functional outcome using the modified Merle d' Aubigne score and Oxford hip scores. Results: Surgical time, blood loss, and VAS at 24 hours were significantly lower in the modified Heuter group. The VAS at discharge and length of stay were similar in both groups. All fractures had united. No cases of osteonecrosis were observed. Functional outcome and complications were similar in both groups. Conclusions: Both SD and the modified Heuter approach are effective in treating patients with Pipkin I and II femoral head fractures with comparable radiological and functional outcomes. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Ἡ πανδημία χρησιμοποιεῖται ὡς πρόσχημα

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Μὲ τὴν τέλεση τοῦ Ἑσπερινοῦ τὸ ἀπόγευμα τοῦ Σαββάτου 12 Δεκεμβρίου, χοροστατοῦντος τοῦ Σεβασμιωτάτου Μητροπολίτου Κερκύρας, Παξῶν καὶ Διαποντίων Νήσων κ. Νεκταρίου συνεχίστηκαν οἱ λατρευτικὲς ἐκδηλ� �σεις μέσα σὲ κλίμα χαρμολύπης γιὰ τὴν ἑορτὴ τοῦ Ἁγίου στὸν ναό του στὴν Κέρκυρα.

Ἀπευθυνόμενος σὲ ὅσους παρακολουθοῦσαν τὴν ἀκολουθία ὁ Μητροπολίτης Κερκύρας διαδικτυακὰ καὶ ραδιοφωνικὰ ἐπεσήμανε ὅτι ὁ Ἅγιος Σπυρίδωνας ἔγινε συλλειτουργὸς τῶν Ἀγγέλων. Τέτοια παραδείγματα ἔχουμε πολλὰ στὴν ἱστορία τῆς Ἐκκλησίας. Ὅμως ἐμεῖς ἔχουμε μπροστὰ μας τὸν Ἅγιο Σπυρίδωνα τὸν ὁποῖο παρακαλοῦμε γιὰ ὅλη τὴν οἰκουμένη, αὐτὴν ποὺ πλήττεται ἀπὸ ἀντιθέες...< span>

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Best way to assemble moving parts of robot arm gripper

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Inspired by this robot arm, I'm designing something similar to use for lab automation. However, I'm somewhat uncertain how long the smaller moving parts of the gripper will stay intact, because if they are fixed with a metal screw and nut, there will be a lot of wear-and-tear with constant use (the robot will most likely be moving 24/7). It's ok if I have to renew parts every few months, but having to do that every other day would be very annoying. For the gripper material I'm favouring PETG, but also have ABS (or PLA) as an alternative. So now my somewhat silly question: are there any better (and also easy to do) methods to have the moving parts (gears) connected to the gripper body, other than just a simple screw and nut? I have thought of some kind of metal bolt, but I can't finde anything that fits the need in local hardware stores. I've tried printing a bolt, but it was not smooth enough to allow for low-friction movement. Using a piece of filament to put it through the gear hole and melting its ends seems to offer some trouble with correctly aligning the gears and also presents the danger of melting some parts.

Thanks in advance, Pascal

PS: Sorry for the bad tag, there was no fitting one and I wasn't allowed to create any.

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