Cascade Catalytic Nanoplatform Based on “Butterfly Effect” for Enhanced Immunotherapy

xloma.fota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cascade Catalytic Nanoplatform Based on "Butterfly Effect" for Enhanced Immunotherapy Via Advanced Healthcare Materials The GOD‐catalyzed glucose oxidation not only realizes tumor starvation therapy, but also provides H2O2 for IONP mediated Fenton reaction. In addition, the iron ions released from mesoporous IONP catalyzes Artemisinin for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Therefore, the cascade catalytic nanoplatform generates ROS based on "the butterfly effect", enhancing immunotherapy. Abstract The unique tumor microenvironment (TME) characteristics such as immunosuppression impeded traditional cancer treatments. In contrast, developing cascade catalytic nanoplatforms by fully making use of substances in TME for cancer therapy may deserve full credit. Herein, a cascade catalytic nanoplatform based on glucose oxidase (GOD) modified mesoporous iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) loaded with Artemisinin (ART) is developed, which is designed as IONP‐GOD@ART. GOD can catalyze the oxidization of glucose into gluconic acid and H2O2, which not only realizes tumor starvation therapy, but also provides H2O2 for IONP mediated Fenton reaction. Simultaneously, mesoporous IONP releases Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions in acidic TME. On the one hand, iron ions undergo Fenton reaction to generate hydroxyl radicals for chemodynamic therapy. On the other hand, the endoperoxide bridge in ART is broken in presence of Fe2+ and furt her generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) to achieve therapeutic purpose. In this sense, IONP‐GOD@ART manipulates TME characteristics and leads to "butterfly effect", which brings out a large amount of ROS for eliciting immunogenic cell death, inducing M1‐TAMs polarization, and further reprogramming immunosuppressive TME for enhanced immunotherapy. By this delicate design, the cascade catalytic nanoplatform of IONP‐GOD@ART realizes potent cancer immunotherapy for tumor regression and metastasis prevention. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Multifocal glioblastoma—two case reports and literature review

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Multifocal glioblastoma—two case reports and literature review Via Latest Results for Chinese Neurosurgical Journal Abstract Background Multifocal glioblastoma is a rare type of glioblastoma with worse prognosis. In this article, we aimed to report two cases of classical multifocal glioblastoma. Case presentation In case 1, a 47-year-old male presented with dizziness, and once had a sudden loss of consciousness accompanied by convulsion of limbs. Contrast-enhanced MRI showed multiple lesions with heterogeneously ring-enhanced characters in the left hemisphere, diagnosed as multifocal glioblastoma. He underwent a craniotomy of all lesions, concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy as well as additional chemotherapy of temozolomide. After 2 cycles, repeat MRI showed that the new lesions already occurred and progressed. Eventually, he abandoned the chemotherapy after the 2 cycles and died 1 year later. In case 2, a 71-year-old male presented with a history of headache, left limb weakness, and numbness. Discontinuous convulsion of limbs once occurred. Contrast-enhanced MRI showed multiple lesions located in the right hemisphere, diagnosed as multifocal glioblastoma. He underwent a right frontoparietal craniotomy of the main lesion. Hemorrhage of the residual tumor an d pulmonary artery embolism occurred synchronously. Eventually, his family decided not to pursue any further treatment and opted for hospice care and he passed away within 11 days of surgery. Conclusions We reported two cases of typical multifocal glioblastoma. Valid diagnosis is crucial; then, resection of multiple lesions and canonical radio-chemotherapy probably bring survival benefits. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Rheumatology-led pregnancy clinic: men perspective

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Rheumatology-led pregnancy clinic: men perspective Via Latest Results for Clinical Rheumatology Abstract The birth of reproductive rheumatology as a subject of interest in rheumatology has led to improvement of clinical care for patients living with autoimmune rheumatic diseases and paved the way towards setting a specialized pregnancy service within the standard rheumatology practice. In contrast to women, where there has been wealth of literature regarding pregnancy, lactation, and birth outcomes, there is not as much focusing on male sexual health and outcomes among inflammatory arthritis patients. Challenges such as decrease ability to conceive, impaired fertility, erectile dysfunction, and other sexual problems have been raised by male patients living with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. This broad scope gives the reproductive health concept in men another expansion with views to include sexual health problems screening among men attending the standard outpatient rheumatology clinics. This article adds to the paucity of real-life experience and aims at discussin g the sexual health from the men perspective and provides a practical approach towards screening, and assessment of men living with autoimmune diseases in standard day to day practice. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Body mass index as an independent prognostic factor in glioblastoma

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Body mass index as an independent prognostic factor in glioblastoma Via Latest Results for Cancer/ /Causes/ / Abstract Purpose Glioblastoma prognosis remains dismal despite gross total removal (GTR) followed by chemoradiotherapy. Other known prognostic factors include functional status, age and IDH mutation status. However, to improve patient outcome, a search for other features with impact on survival is needed. We aimed to analyse the impact of body mass index (BMI) on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of surgically resected primary glioblastoma and evaluate if BMI constitutes an independent prognostic factor. Methods We analysed all adult glioblastoma patients who underwent surgery and chemoradiotherapy between 2011 and 2017 at our institution. Overall survival was the study—primary endpoint, and progression-free survival—the secondary endpoint. We assayed age, gender, histology, extent of resection, IDH, functional and smoking status, cardiovascular risk factors, BMI, OS and PFS. Univariate analysis was conducted followed by multivariate analysis to establish independent prognostic factors. In accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) BMI stratification, survival curves were obtained for normal-weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2) and obese (≥ 30 kg/m2) patient subgroups in addition to the non-obese (18.5–29.9 kg/m2) population. Results 193 patients were evaluated, with a median follow-up time of 17.3 months. Median OS was 21.3 months in obese patients vs 16.2 months in the non-obese (p = 0.017) and 16 months in the normal weight (p = 0.007). Higher median OS was also observed in patients under 60 and those in which GTR was obtained. Median PFS in obese individuals was 9 months in comparison to 6 months in the normal-weight subgroup (p = 0.04) and 7 months in the non-obese (p = 0.050). Multivariate analysis identified age < 60 (p = 0.044), GTR (p = 0.004) and BMI ≥ 30 (p = 0.009) as independent prognostic factors for increased overall survival. Conclusion Higher BMI was associated with longer OS and PFS. Prospective studies are needed to validate these findings. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

On recent meta-analyses of exposure to glyphosate and risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in humans

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader On recent meta-analyses of exposure to glyphosate and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in humans Via Latest Results for Cancer/ /Causes/ / Abstract Purpose A recent meta-analysis of five case–control studies and one cohort study reported that exposure to glyphosate was associated with increased risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The meta-analysis was based on estimates of risk from the included studies at the highest reported exposure level obtained from analyses with the longest lag period. The extent to which the summary estimate depends upon the exposure definitions and assumed latency period is uncertain. Methods We carried out sensitivity analyses to determine how the definition of exposure and the choice of latency period affect the summary estimate from meta-analyses of the 6 studies included in the recent meta-analysis. We also conducted a meta-analysis of ever-exposure to glyphosate incorporating the most updated results from the case–control studies. Results The summary estimates of risk varied considerably depending on both the assumptions about exposure level and latency. Using the highest reported exposure levels, evidence of an association between glyphosate and NHL was strongest when estimates from analyses in the cohort study with a 20-year lag [RR = 1.41 (95% CI 1.13–1.76)] and a 15-year lag [RR = 1.25 (95% CI 1.01–1.25)] were included. In our meta-analysis of ever-exposure with no lag period, the summary relative risk with updated estimates was 1.05 (95% CI 0.87–1.28). Conclusion The results of meta-analyses of glyphosate exposure and NHL risk depend on assumptions made about both exposure level and latency period. Our results for ever-exposure are consistent with those of two recent meta-analyses conducted using somewhat different study inclusion criteria. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Integrating lipidomics and genomics: emerging tools to understand cardiovascular diseases

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Integrating lipidomics and genomics: emerging tools to understand cardiovascular diseases Via Latest Results for Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide leading to 31% of all global deaths. Early prediction and prevention could greatly reduce the enormous socio-economic burden posed by CVDs. Plasma lipids have been at the center stage of the prediction and prevention strategies for CVDs that have mostly relied on traditional lipids (total cholesterol, total triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C). The tremendous advancement in the field of lipidomics in last two decades has facilitated the research efforts to unravel the metabolic dysregulation in CVDs and their genetic determinants, enabling the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and identification of predictive biomarkers, beyond traditional lipids. This review presents an overview of the application of lipidomics in epidemiological and genetic studies and their contributions to the current understanding of the field. We review findings of these studies and discuss exa mples that demonstrates the potential of lipidomics in revealing new biology not captured by traditional lipids and lipoprotein measurements. The promising findings from these studies have raised new opportunities in the fields of personalized and predictive medicine for CVDs. The review further discusses prospects of integrating emerging genomics tools with the high-dimensional lipidome to move forward from the statistical associations towards biological understanding, therapeutic target development and risk prediction. We believe that integrating genomics with lipidome holds a great potential but further advancements in statistical and computational tools are needed to handle the high-dimensional and correlated lipidome. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Transnasal endoscopic skull base and brain surgery: Surgical anatomy and its applications. Aldo C. Stamm Joao Mangussi‐Gomes New York, NY: Thieme, 2019, 690 pp., $229.99.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Transnasal endoscopic skull base and brain surgery: Surgical anatomy and its applications. Aldo C. Stamm Joao Mangussi‐Gomes New York, NY: Thieme, 2019, 690 pp., $229.99. Via Head & Neck View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The importance of smoking status at diagnosis in human papillomavirus‐associated oropharyngeal cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The importance of smoking status at diagnosis in human papillomavirus‐associated oropharyngeal cancer Via Head & Neck Abstract Background Smoking status at point of diagnosis is not used in defining risk groups for human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) despite its prognostic value in head and neck cancer. Methods Retrospective analysis of consecutive patients treated with chemoradiotherapy between January 2005 and July 2017 was performed with multivariable analysis to explore the impact of smoking status at diagnosis (current/former/never) on overall survival (OS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). Results Median follow‐up was 61 months. Four hundred and four patients were included. Current smokers had inferior OS versus never and former smokers [adjusted HR 2.37 (95% CI 1.26–4.45, p < 0.01) and 2.58 (95% CI 1.40–4.73, p < 0.01), respectively] and inferior PFS versus never smokers [adjusted HR 1.83 (95% CI 1.00–3.35, p = 0.04)]. Smoking status did not predict for CSS. Conclusion Detailed smoking behavior should be considered in refining risk groups in HPV‐associated OPC treated with radiotherapy and in future trial design eligibility and stratification. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Association of early‐life gut microbiome and lifestyle factors in the development of eczema in Hong Kong infants

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Association of early‐life gut microbiome and lifestyle factors in the development of eczema in Hong Kong infants Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Childhood eczema is common but its prevalence is variable in different regions of the world. In this study, we explore the associations of various risk factors such as the microbiome, environment, lifestyle, diet and maternal stress with the development of eczema among infants in Hong Kong. Upon enrolment in the study, the infants' parents provided demographic data by self‐reporting. At enrolment and 1 year after birth, the infants' allergic conditions, lifestyles and dietary factors and the degree of maternal stress were assessed using various questionnaires. The infants' gut microbiomes were analysed by 16S RNA sequencing, and the longitudinal changes in various bacterial strains were compared between control and eczema‐affected groups. Multivariate analyses (after adjustment for other significant factors) revealed that the changes in the abundance of Hungatella hathewayi in the gut were significantly associated with the development of eczema (p = 0.005). In conclusion, the increased abundance of Hungatella hathewayi was associated with an increased risk of developing eczema by 1 year of age. This study thus explored the potential risk factors for the development of eczema in Hong Kong infants, and sheds light on the possible association between early‐life gut microbiome and other environmental factors. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Prognostic Value of Third Cervical Vertebra Skeletal Muscle Index in Oral Cavity Cancer: A Retrospective Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Prognostic Value of Third Cervical Vertebra Skeletal Muscle Index in Oral Cavity Cancer: A Retrospective Study Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis To assess the prognostic utility of third cervical vertebra skeletal muscle index (C3 SMI) measured from preoperative head and neck computed tomography (CT) in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Study Design Retrospective study. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 125 patients who underwent primary curative surgery for OSCC between 2009 and 2017. Their preoperative C3 SMI was calculated by adjusting the C3 cross‐sectional area delineated on head and neck CT by body height squared. A Cox proportional hazard model was employed to identify prognostic factors, and a novel nomogram based on C3 SMI was built for individualized survival prediction. Results In Kaplan–Meier analysis, high C3 SMI was significantly associated with higher 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than low C3 SMI. In multivariate analysis, low C3 SMI was an independent risk factor for poor DFS and OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.197; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.170–4.512, P = .032 and HR: 2.143; 95% CI, 1.232–3.728, P = .007, respectively). The concordance‐index (C‐index) of the nomogram based on C3 SMI was 0.814 for OS, higher than that of the nomogram based on tumor–node–metastasis staging alone (C‐index = 0.731). Conclusions C3 SMI might serve as a novel prognosticator in OSCC patients undergoing curative surgery, and the nomogram based on C3 SMI might provide good prognostic discrimination ability for individualized survival prediction. Level of Evidence IV Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bypass grafting in recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with internal carotid artery invasion

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinical efficacy of bypass grafting in recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with internal carotid artery invasion Via American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: Available online 12 January 2021 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology Author(s): Zhouyang Zhao, Lijin Huang, Jinhua Chen, Weijia Huang, Xiaobin Zhang, Yue Ma, Hongshen Zhu, Zhang Liu View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Intra-operative parathyroid hormone evaluation is superior to frozen section analysis in parathyroid surgery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Intra-operative parathyroid hormone evaluation is superior to frozen section analysis in parathyroid surgery Via American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: Available online 12 January 2021 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology Author(s): Süleyman Özkan Aksoy, Süleyman Cem Adiyaman, Ali Durubey Çevlik, Merih Güray Durak, Mustafa Seçil, Ali İbrahim Sevinç View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.