Recurrent focal myositis in childhood: a case report and systematic review of the literature

Publication date: Available online 24 January 2017
Source:Pediatric Neurology
Author(s): Gregorio P. Milani, Marta B.M. Mazzoni, Helga Gatti, Giuseppe Bertolozzi, Emilio F. Fossali
BackgroundRecurrent focal myositis in adulthood has been documented in some case reports and case series. Existing textbooks and reviews do not mention or mention only in passing this entity in childhood. The aim of this study was to report a new paediatric case of recurrent focal myositis and summarise clinical, laboratory, management and outcome available data on this entity in paediatric age.MethodA 9-year-old patient with recurrent myositis of the left biceps is described. Moreover, the terms "myositis" and "relapsing" or "recurrent" or "recurrence" were searched using the United States National Library of Medicine and the Excerpta Medica Database. Pertaining secondary references were also screened.ResultsA total of further 7 paediatric cases (5 males and 2 females, median age 10, interquartile range 7-14 years old) affected with recurrent focal myositis were found. In children, the calf was the most frequently involved muscle and myositis, differently from adults, was usually painful. Episodes presented normal or elevated blood levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase. Abnormalities of creatine kinase value did not seem to be associated with higher risk of recurrences.ConclusionsAs in our case, paediatric focal myositis has a favourable outcome. Recurrent focal myositis is rare and usually benign in childhood. Accumulation of more data is needed to improve the knowledge on this condition.



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