Patient blood management and perioperative anaemia

<span class="paragraphSection"><div class="boxedTextSection">Key points<ul><li class="bullet">Perioperative anaemia and allogenic blood transfusion are independent risk factors for poor postoperative outcomes: morbidity and mortality.</li><li class="bullet">Approximately one-third of patients are found to be anaemic on pre-assessment.</li><li class="bullet">Patient Blood Management (PBM) is a clinical concept with the goal of avoiding unnecessary blood transfusions to improve patient outcomes and safety.</li><li class="bullet">PBM involves early detection and treatment of preoperative anaemia, minimization of perioperative blood loss and improving tolerance to anaemia in the postoperative setting.</li><li class="bullet">Iron deficiency can be absolute or functional and requires iron supplementation to improve body reserves and utilization.</li><li class="bullet">PBM is a multimodal, multidisciplinary strategy requiring surgical and medical speciality input.</li></ul></div>Perioperative anaemia is an independent risk factor for increased length of hospital and intensive care stay, postoperative complications, and increased mortality.<a href="#mkw061-B1" class="reflinks">¹</a> It is a strong predictor for perioperative blood transfusion requirements. In general, approximately one-third of patients are found to be anaemic at pre-assessment. Perioperative anaemia and allogenic blood transfusion are both, preventable surgical risks. Administration of blood in the perioperative setting is a risk factor which contributes to poor outcomes.<a href="#mkw061-B1" class="reflinks">¹</a> Patient Blood Management (PBM) is a clinical concept, which when implemented, has the primary goal of avoiding unnecessary blood transfusions and improving patient outcome and safety. This article summarizes PBM and the strategies involved in identifying and managing perioperative anaemia and blood transfusion.</span>

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