A Systematic Review of Complications Associated with Direct Implants Vs. Tissue Expanders Following Wise Pattern Skin Sparing Mastectomy

With proven oncological safety and improved aesthetic outcomes, the Type IV or "Wise Pattern" skin sparing mastectomy (SSM) is a procedure that is being performed with increasing frequency. Unfortunately, it is also associated with an increased risk of complication. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the complications associated with direct-to-implant and two-step tissue-expander breast reconstruction following Wise Pattern SSM.

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