Glycerol Phenylbutyrate (Ravicti) [Internet].

Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) result from genetic mutations that cause defects in any of the five enzymes of the urea cycle in the liver: carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS), argininosuccinate lyase, and arginase; in the co-factor producer N-acetyl glutamate synthetase; or in the ornithine transporter and citrin. The estimated incidence of UCDs ranges from one in 22,179 births to one in 53,717 births. The most recent estimate of incidence of UCDs for the US is around one in 35,000 births. It is estimated that approximately 11 new cases of UCDs will be diagnosed each year in Canada. The incidence of OTC deficiency (one in 56,500 live births) is higher than other UCDs. Deficiencies in the urea cycle may result in excessive ammonia levels due to impaired metabolism, which can be life-threatening and result in permanent neurological damage if left untreated. Treatment should be initiated as soon as a diagnosis of a UCD is suspected and should proceed simultaneously with the diagnostic evaluation.

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