Association between atopic dermatitis and contact sensitization: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Publication date: Available online 6 April 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Carsten R. Hamann, Dathan Hamann, Alexander Egeberg, Jeanne D. Johansen, Jonathan Silverberg, Jacob P. Thyssen
BackgroundIt is unclear whether patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) have an altered prevalence or risk for contact sensitization. Increased exposure to chemicals in topical products together with impaired skin barrier function suggest a higher risk, whereas the immune profile suggests a lower risk.ObjectiveTo perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between AD and contact sensitization.MethodsThe PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles that reported on contact sensitization in individuals with and without AD.ResultsThe literature search yielded 10,083 citations; 417 were selected based on title and abstract screening and 74 met inclusion criteria. In a pooled analysis, no significant difference in contact sensitization between AD and controls was evident (random effects model odds ratio [OR] = 0.891; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.771-1.03). There was a positive correlation in studies that compared AD patients with individuals from the general population (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.23-1.93) but an inverse association when comparing with referred populations (OR 0.753, 95% CI 0.63-0.90).LimitationsIncluded studies used different tools to diagnose AD and did not always provide information on current or past disease. Patch test allergens varied between studies.ConclusionNo overall relationship between AD and contact sensitization was found. We recommend that clinicians consider patch testing AD patients when allergic contact dermatitis is suspected.



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