Factors influencing preoperative urinary calcium excretion in primary hyperparathyroidism

Abstract

Objective

Normal or elevated 24-hour urinary calcium (Ca) excretion is a diagnostic marker in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). It is used to distinguish familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH) from PHPT by calculating the Ca/creatinine clearance ratio (CCCR). The variance of CCCR in patients with PHPT is considerable. The aim of the present study was to analyse the parameters affecting CCCR in patients with PHPT.

Design

The data were collected prospectively. Patients with sporadic PHPT undergoing successful surgery were included in a retrospective analysis.

Patients

The analysis covered 381 patients with preoperative workup two days before removal of a solitary parathyroid adenoma.

Measurements

The impact of serum Ca and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3 25-OH D3) on CCCR.

Results

The coefficient of determination (R²) in the multivariable model for CCCR consisting of age, Ca, 25-OH D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2 D3), testosterone (separately for males and females), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and osteocalcin was 25.8%. The only significant parameters in the multivariable analysis were 1,25-(OH)2 D3 and osteocalcin with a drop in R² of 15.4% (P < 0.001) and 2.4% (P = 0.006), respectively. Bone mineral densities at the lumbar spine, distal radius and left femoral neck were not associated with CCCR (r = -0.08, r = -0.10 and r = -0.09).

Conclusions

In multivariable analysis, 1,25-(OH)2 D3 and osteocalcin were the only factors correlating with CCCR. Vitamin D3 replacement may therefore impair the diagnostic value of CCCR and increase the importance of close monitoring of urinary Ca excretion during treatment.

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