Fabiana Policeni, Brittany Pakalniskis, Limin Yang
Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2016 6(1):41-41
Metastatic tumors are rare in the breast. Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WDNETs) are slow-growing neoplasms that arise from neuroendocrine cells, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract and bronchial tree. Metastatic WDNET to the breast is a rare entity. We present a case report of ileal WDNET metastatic to the breast which was initially identified as a small mass in the patient's left breast on screening mammography. Targeted ultrasound identified a suspicious mass, and ultrasound-guided percutaneous core biopsy was performed. Pathology revealed metastatic WDNET. Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was then performed and demonstrated left axillary Level 2 lymphadenopathy, and liver lesions were suspicious for metastasis. The patient underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) to evaluate for distant metastatic disease. A spiculated mass was found near the ileocecal valve, suggestive of primary ileal WDNET. In addition, CT identified multiple liver lesions, most compatible with metastasis. Indium 111 OctreoScan confirmed radiotracer uptake in the ileum consistent with primary neuroendocrine tumor. In this report, we review the imaging characteristics of metastatic WDNET to the breast by different imaging modalities including mammogram, ultrasound, and breast MRI.
http://ift.tt/2doLcG8
Πέμπτη 29 Σεπτεμβρίου 2016
Enabling the Next 25 Years of Cell Biology
Source:Trends in Cell Biology
Author(s): Jim Woodgett, Danielle T. Loughlin
http://ift.tt/2dGVp5c
Distinct and overlapping DNMT1 interactions with multiple transcription factors in erythroid cells: Evidence for co-repressor functions
Source:Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms
Author(s): Dimitris N. Papageorgiou, Elena Karkoulia, Alexandra Amaral-Psarris, Pavel Burda, Katarzyna Kolodziej, Jeroen Demmers, Jörg Bungert, Tomas Stopka, John Strouboulis
DNMT1 is the maintenance DNA methyltransferase shown to be essential for embryonic development and cellular growth and differentiation in many somatic tissues in mammals. Increasing evidence has also suggested a role for DNMT1 in repressing gene expression through interactions with specific transcription factors. Previously, we identified DNMT1 as an interacting partner of the TR2/TR4 nuclear receptor heterodimer in erythroid cells, implicated in the developmental silencing of fetal β-type globin genes in the adult stage of human erythropoiesis. Here, we extended this work by using a biotinylation tagging approach to characterize DNMT1 protein complexes in mouse erythroleukemic cells. We identified novel DNMT1 interactions with several hematopoietic transcription factors with essential roles in erythroid differentiation, including GATA1, GFI-1b and FOG-1. We provide evidence for DNMT1 forming distinct protein subcomplexes with specific transcription factors and propose the existence of a "core" DNMT1 complex with the transcription factors ZBP-89 and ZNF143, which is also present in non-hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, we identified the short (17a.a.) PCNA Binding Domain (PBD) located near the N-terminus of DNMT1 as being necessary for mediating interactions with the transcription factors described herein. Lastly, we provide evidence for DNMT1 serving as a co-repressor of ZBP-89 and GATA1 acting through upstream regulatory elements of the PU.1 and GATA1 gene loci.
http://ift.tt/2d8vuRR
Role of lasers as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of adjunctive use of laser therapy (LT) alone or antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) to improve clinical periodontal and HbA1c levels in patients with both chronic periodontitis (CP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Electronic search of the MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct, and SCOPUS databases were combined with hand searching of articles published from 1975 up to and including March 2016 using relevant MeSH terms. Six studies were selected for this review. In these six studies, laser treatment was applied, after scaling and root planing (SRP), in two ways: Three studies used laser alone and three studies used laser with photosensitizer. All the six included studies reporting clinical periodontal and glycemic parameters showed that LT and aPDT were effective in the treatment of CP in T2DM subjects at follow-up. Two studies showed significantly better periodontal outcomes for LT as an adjunct to SRP as compared to SRP alone, whereas four studies showed comparable periodontal outcomes among adjunctive LT or aPDT with SRP. Two studies showed significant reduction of HbA1c levels in LT and aPDT as compared to SRP, whereas three studies showed comparable percentage levels at follow-up. It remains debatable whether LT or aPDT as adjunct to SRP is more effective as compared to SRP alone in the improvement of clinical periodontal and glycemic control in patients with both CP and T2DM, given that the scientific evidence is weak.
http://ift.tt/2cYoaGw
Possible influence of vitamin D on male reproduction
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2016
Source:The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Author(s): Ida Marie Boisen, Lasse Bøllehuus Hansen, Li Juel Mortensen, Beate Lanske, Anders Juul, Martin Blomberg Jensen
Vitamin D is a versatile signaling molecule with an established role in the regulation of calcium homeostasis and bone health. In recent years the spectrum of vitamin D target organs has expanded and a reproductive role is supported by the presence of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the vitamin D metabolizing enzymes in the gonads, reproductive tract, and human spermatozoa. Interestingly, expression levels of VDR and the vitamin D inactivating enzyme CYP24A1 in human spermatozoa serve as positive predictive markers of semen quality and are higher expressed in spermatozoa from normal than infertile men. VDR mediates a non-genomic increase in intracellular calcium concentration, sperm motility, and induces the acrosome reaction. Furthermore, functional animal model studies have shown, that vitamin D is important for sex steroid production, estrogen signaling, and semen quality. Cross-sectional clinical studies have supported the notion of a positive association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) level and semen quality in both fertile and infertile men. However, it remains to be determined whether this association reflects a causal effect. The VDR is ubiquitously expressed and activated vitamin D is a regulator of insulin, aromatase, and osteocalcin. Hence, it is plausible that the influence of vitamin D on gonadal function may be mediated indirectly through other vitamin D regulated endocrine factors. Recent studies have indicated that vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial for couples in need of assisted reproductive techniques as high serum vitamin D levels were found to be associated with a higher chance of achieving pregnancy. Randomized clinical trials are needed to determine whether systemic changes in vitamin D metabolites can influence semen quality, fertility, and sex steroid production in infertile men. In this review known and possible future implications of vitamin D in human male reproduction function will be discussed.
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ENDOGENOUSLY PRODUCED NONCLASSICAL VITAMIN D HYDROXY-METABOLITES ACT AS “BIASED” AGONISTS ON VDR AND INVERSE AGONISTS ON RORα AND RORγ.
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2016
Source:The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Author(s): Andrzej T. Slominski, Tae-Kang Kim, Judith V. Hobrath, Allen S.W. Oak, Edith K.Y. Tang, Elaine W. Tieu, Wei Li, Robert C. Tuckey, Anton M. Jetten
The classical pathway of vitamin D activation follows the sequence D3→25(OH)D3→1,25(OH)2D3 with the final product acting on the receptor for vitamin D (VDR). An alternative pathway can be started by the action of CYP11A1 on the side chain of D3, primarily producing 20(OH)D3, 22(OH)D3, 20,23(OH)2D3, 20,22(OH)2D3 and 17,20,23(OH)3D3. Some of these metabolites are hydroxylated by CYP27B1 at C1α, by CYP24A1 at C24 and C25, and by CYP27A1 at C25 and C26. The products of these pathways are biologically active. In the epidermis and/or serum or adrenals we detected 20(OH)D3, 22(OH)D3, 20,22(OH)2D3, 20,23(OH)2D3, 17,20,23(OH)3D3, 1,20(OH)2D3, 1,20,23(OH)3D3, 1,20,22(OH)3D3, 20,24(OH)2D3, 1,20,24(OH)3D3, 20,25(OH)2D3, 1,20,25(OH)3D3, 20,26(OH)2D3 and 1,20,26(OH)3D3. 20(OH)D3 and 20,23(OH)2D3 are non-calcemic, while the addition of an OH at C1α confers some calcemic activity. Molecular modeling and functional assays show that the major products of the pathway can act as "biased" agonists for the VDR with high docking scores to the ligand binding domain (LBD), but lower than that of 1,25(OH)2D3. Importantly, cell based functional receptor studies and molecular modeling have identified the novel secosteroids as inverse agonists of both RORα and RORγ receptors. Specifically, they have high docking scores using crystal structures of RORα and RORγ LBDs. Furthermore, 20(OH)D3 and 20,23(OH)2D3 have been tested in cell model that expresses a Tet-on RORα or RORγ vector and a RORE-LUC reporter (ROR-responsive element), and in a mammalian 2-hybrid model that test interactions between an LBD-interacting LXXLL-peptide and the LBD of RORα/γ. These assays demonstrated that the novel secosteroids have ROR-antagonist activities that were further confirmed by the inhibition of IL17 promoter activity in cells overexpressing RORα/γ. In conclusion, endogenously produced novel D3 hydroxy-derivatives can act both as "biased" agonists of the VDR and/or inverse agonists of RORα/γ. We suggest that the identification of large number of endogenously produced alternative hydroxy-metabolites of D3 that are biologically active, and of possible alternative receptors, may offer an explanation for the pleiotropic and diverse activities of vitamin D, previously assigned solely to 1,25(OH)2D3 and VDR.
Graphical abstract
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Clinical practice guidelines for vitamin D in the United Arab Emirates
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2016
Source:The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Author(s): Afrozul Haq, Sunil J. Wimalawansa, Pawel Pludowski, Fatme Al Anouti
In the UAE and the Gulf region in general, there are several intricate public health issues in the context of vitamin D deficiency that needs to be addressed. Changes in lifestyle such as diet, lack of exercise, cultural habits, avoiding sun exposure due to excessive heat, and other risk factors predispose those who live in GULF countries, such as Emiratis likely to becoming vitamin D deficient. Consequently, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high, and new guidelines are needed to overcome this major public health issue. Peer-reviewed papers related to guidelines and those vitamin D-related papers relevant to the Middle-Eastern region were extracted from multiple research databases using key words according to the general guidelines from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Analysis. This guideline was prepared focusing on the United Arab Emirate and the Gulf populations, to overcome the high incidence of vitamin D deficiency and to improve overall health. We recommend the following vitamin D supplementations for different groups of people: (A) Breastfed infants supplement with 400 IU/day up to age 6 months, and 400–600 IU/day between 6 and 12 months, depending on daily intake of total vitamin D and sun exposure; (B) For children and adolescents of age 1–18 years supplement with 600–1000 IU/day depending on the body weight; (C) Adults greater than 18 years', supplementation with 1000–2000 IU/day is recommended, while, (D) the elderly (over 65 years) should be supplemented with 2000 IU/day, throughout the year; (E) Pregnant and breast feed women, 2000 IU/day from the first trimester of pregnancy. (F) Premature infants, supplementation of 400–800 IU/daystart from the first days of life. (G) For obese, individuals and those with metabolic syndrome, supplementation of 2000 IU/day (H) For individuals with dark skin complexions and for night workers, supplementation of 1000–2000 IU/day (25–50μg/day), throughout the year, depending on body weight. The goal of supplementation is to achieve and longer term maintenance of serum 25(OH)D concentration of 30–50ng/mL.
http://ift.tt/2dgU02V
Screening Sunscreens: Protecting the Biomechanical Barrier Function of Skin from Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Damage
Abstract
Objective
Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is ubiquitous in human life and well-known to cause skin damage that can lead to harmful conditions such as erythema. Although sunscreen is a popular form of protection for some of these conditions, it is unclear if sunscreen can maintain the mechanical barrier properties of skin. The objective of this study is to determine if in vitro thin film mechanics techniques adapted for biological tissue are able to characterize the efficacy of commonly used UV inhibitors and commercial sunscreens to protect the biomechanical barrier properties of stratum corneum (SC) from UV exposure.
Methods
The biomechanical properties of SC samples were assayed through measurements of the SC's drying stress profile and delamination energy. The drying stresses within SC were characterized from the curvature of a borosilicate glass substrate onto which SC had been adhered. Delamination energies were characterized using a double-cantilever beam (DCB) cohesion testing method. Successive DCB specimens were prepared from previously separated specimens by adhering new substrates onto each side of the already tested specimen in order to probe delamination energies deeper into the SC. These properties of the SC were measured before and after UV exposure, both with and without sunscreens applied, to determine the role of sunscreen in preserving the barrier function of SC.
Results
The drying stress in SC starts increasing sooner and rises to a higher plateau stress value after UVA exposure as compared to a non-UV exposed control specimens. For specimens that had sunscreen applied, the UVA exposed and non-exposed SC had similar drying stress profiles. Additionally, specimens exposed to UVB without protection from sunscreen exhibited significantly lower delamination energies than non-exposed controls. With commercial sunscreen applied, the delamination energy for UVB exposed and non-exposed tissue was consistent, even up to large doses of UVB.
Conclusion
In vitro thin film mechanics techniques can readily characterize the effects of SC's exposure to UV radiation. The methods used in this study demonstrated commercial sunscreens were able to preserve the biomechanical properties of SC during UV exposure, thus indicating the barrier function of SC was also maintained.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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T hromboxane A2 promotes the dev elopment of imiquimod-induced mouse psoriasis model via TP receptor
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Yuri Tanada-Ueharaguchi, Tetsuya Honda, Teruasa Murata, Makoto Arita, Yoshiki Miyachi, Kenji Kabashima
http://ift.tt/2du0xuv
The air exposure of normal human keratinocytes induces release of ATP and IL-1beta
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Kaori Inoue, Masashi Miyai, Toshihiko Hibino
http://ift.tt/2cE5CKA
Editors Choice
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
http://ift.tt/2dtZJFU
Suppressed psoriatic inflammation in interferon regulatory factor-8 knockout mouse treated with imiquimod
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Tomoya Watanabe, Yukie Yamaguchi, Tomohiko Tamura, Michiko Aihara
http://ift.tt/2cE63EU
Hypoxia inducible factor-1α of Langerhans cell plays a critical role in a murine irritant dermatitis model
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Saeko Nakajima, Catharina Moniaga, Yoshiki Miyachi, Kenji Kabashima
http://ift.tt/2dtZ4Ve
Analysis of spinal neurotransmitters in histaminergic and non-histaminergic itch
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Mitsutoshi Tominaga, Tasuku Akiyama, Mirela I. Carstens, Earl Carstens, Kenji Takamori
http://ift.tt/2cE79Aq
Expression of nitric oxide-containing structures in the rat carotid body
Source:Acta Histochemica
Author(s): Dimitrinka Y. Atanasova, Nikolay D. Dimitrov, Nikolai E. Lazarov
The carotid body (CB) is a major peripheral arterial chemoreceptor organ that evokes compensatory reflex responses so as to maintain gas homeostasis. It is dually innervated by sensory fibers from petrosal ganglion (PG) neurons, and autonomic fibers from postganglionic sympathetic neurons of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) and parasympathetic vasomotor fibers of intrinsic ganglion cells in the CB. The presence of nitric oxide (NO), a putative gaseous neurotransmitter substance in a number of neuronal and non-neuronal structures, was examined in the CB, PG and SCG of the rat using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunohistochemistry and retrograde tracing. One week after injecting the retrograde tracer Fast Blue (FB) in the CB, we found that a subset of perikarya in the caudal portions of the PG and SCG were FB-labeled. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry revealed that the majority of large- and medium-sized PG and SCG cells were NADPH-d positive and displayed a strong NOS immunostaining. We also observed that many varicose nerve fibers penetrating the CB and enveloping the glomus cells and blood vessels were NADPH-d reactive and expressed the constitutive isoforms of NOS, nNOS and eNOS. In addition, some autonomic microganglion cells embedded within, or located at the periphery of the CB, and not glomus or sustentacular cells were nNOS-immunopositive while CB microvasculature expressed eNOS. The present results suggest that NO is a transmitter in the autonomic nerve endings supplying the CB and is involved in efferent chemoreceptor inhibition by a dual mechanism.
http://ift.tt/2dnfoVQ
Epitope-dependent pathogenicity of antibodies to collagenXVII/BP180 for blister formation
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Mayumi Wada, Wataru Nishie, Hideyuki Ujiie, Kentaro Izumi, Hiroaki Iwata, Ken Natsuga, Yoshimasa Kitagawa, Hiroshi Shimizu
http://ift.tt/2dtZt9Y
Bioactive molecules derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells
Source:Acta Histochemica
Author(s): Lipeng Bai, Danting Li, Jie Li, Zhengzhong Luo, Shumin Yu, Suizhong Cao, Liuhong Shen, Zhicai Zuo, Xiaoping Ma
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) retain their intrinsic stem cell potential while at the same time displaying high proliferation rates, powerful differentiation capacity, and low immunogenicity. They can also secrete multiple bioactive molecules that exert specific physiological functions. Thus, UCMSCs represent excellent candidates for cell therapy in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Abundant preclinical research on different disease models has shown that UCMSCs can accelerate wound or nerve damage recovery and suppress tumor progression. In fact, UCMSCs are thought to possess a higher therapeutic potential than MSCs derived from other tissues. Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanism underlying UCSMCs efficacy depends mostly on cell secretions, in contrast to the early paradigm of cell replacement and differentiation. In this review, we discuss UCMSCs biological characteristics, their secretome-based therapeutic mechanism, and potential applications.
http://ift.tt/2cYqvRS
Editorial board
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
http://ift.tt/2cE5EC5
NADPH-diaphorase reactivity and Fos-immunoreactivity within the ventral horn of the lumbar spinal cord of cats submitted to acute muscle inflammation induced by injection of carrageenan
Source:Acta Histochemica
Author(s): Vladimir A. Maisky, Olena P. Mankivska, Andriy V. Maznychenko, Oleh V. Vlasenko, Olexandr V. Dovgan', Eike D. Schomburg, Heinz Steffens
The NADPH-diaphorase activity and Fos-immunoreactivity within the ventral horn of the lumbar spinal cord were studied in cats with acute unilateral myositis following injection of carrageenan into the m.m. gastrocnemius-soleus. In carrageenan-injected cats maximum in the mean number of intensely stained NADPH-diaphorase reactive (NADPH-dr) neurons was found in lamina VII (+100%) and VIII (+33%) of the contralateral ventral horn of the L6/L7 segments as compared with control animals. The maximumal level of Fos-immunoreactivity was registered in the same laminae with ipsilateral predominance (39.3±4.6 and 7.6±0.9 cells), in comparison with the contralateral side (13.6±0.8 and 5.5±0.6 cells, respectively; P<0.05). We also visualized low-intensely stained and double labelled (Fos immunoreactive+low-intensely stained NADPH-dr) multipolar and fusiform Renshaw-like cells (RLCs) within the ventral horn on both sides of the L6/L7 segments in carrageenan-injected cats. We visualized the double labelled (Fos-ir+NADPH-dr) multipolar and fusiform Renshaw-like cells (RLCs) within the ventral horn on both sides of the L6/L7 segments in carrageenan-injected cats. A significant difference in the mean number of RLCs was recorded between the ipsi- and contralateral sides in the lamina VII (13.6±2.5 vs. 4.9±0.7 cells, respectively). We suppose that activation of inhibitory RLCs in ipsilateral lamina VII could be directed on attenuation of activation of motoneurons during muscle pain development. Our study showed that a significant contralateral increase in the number of NADPH-dr cells is accompanied by an ipsilateral increase in c-Fos expression in lamina VII. These data may suggest that NADPH-dr neurons of the contralateral ventral horn through commissural connections also involved in the maintenance of the neuronal activity associated with acute muscle inflammation. It is also hypothesized, that during acute myositis, plastic changes in the ventral horn activate the processes of disinhibition due to an increase in the number of NADPH-d-reactive neurons in the spinal gray matter.
http://ift.tt/2dngaCj
IL36RN mutations underlie impetigo herpetiformis and CARD14 c.526G>C is a risk factor for pustular psoriasis with psoriasis vulgaris
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Kazumitsu Sugiura, Naoki Oiso, Shin Iinuma, Hiromasa Matsuda, Masako Minami-Hori, Akemi Ishida-Yamamoto, Akira Kawada, Hajime Iizuka, Masahiko Muto, Masashi Akiyama
http://ift.tt/2dtZg6M
Gain-of-function mutation in PIK3R1 in a patient with a narrow clinical phenotype of respiratory infections
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2016
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): María Teresa Martínez-Saavedra, Sonia García-Gomez, Ana Domínguez Acosta, Juan Jesús Mendoza Quintana, Jesús Poch Páez, Eduardo J. García-Reino, Gracián Camps, Rubén Martinez-Barricarte, Yuval Itan, Bertrand Boisson, Silvia Sánchez-Ramón, José Ramón Regueiro, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego, Rebeca Pérez de Diego
Antibody deficiencies can be caused by a variety of defects that interfere with B-cell development, maturation, and/or function. Using whole-exome sequencing we found a PIK3R1 mutation in a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia and a narrow clinical phenotype of respiratory infections. Early diagnosis is crucial; careful analysis of B and T-cells followed by genetic analyses may help to distinguish activated PI3K-delta syndrome (APDS) from other, less severe, predominantly antibody deficiencies.
http://ift.tt/2ddpaId
IRF7 controls the production of autoantibodies against theDNA- and RNA-containing autoantigens in murine lupus
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Fumi Miyagawa, Hideo Asada
http://ift.tt/2cE6iQh
Genetics of human lupus nephritis
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2016
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Taro Iwamoto, Timothy B Niewold
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by immune complex formation with multi-organ manifestations. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most severe types of organ damage in SLE, and it clearly contributes to increased morbidity and mortality due to SLE. LN occurs more frequently and is more severe in non-European ancestral backgrounds, although the cause of this disparity remains largely unknown. Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE. Although many SLE susceptibility genes have been identified, the genetic basis of LN is not as well understood. While some of the established general SLE susceptibility genes are associated with LN, recent discoveries highlight a number of genes with renal functions that are specifically associated with LN. Some of these genes associated with LN help to explain the disparity in the prevalence of nephritis between individuals with SLE, and also partially explain differences in LN between ancestral backgrounds. Moreover, not only the gene mutations, but also post-translational modifications seem to play important roles in the pathogenesis of LN. Overall it seems likely that a combination of general SLE susceptibility genes cooperate with LN specific risk genes to result in the genetic propensity for LN. In this review, we will outline the genetic contribution to LN and describe possible roles of LN susceptibility genes.
http://ift.tt/2dGGHuR
T cell expansion study using the lesional skin provides evidence for the role of drug-specific Tc1 and Th17 cells in severe drug eruptions
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Toshiharu Fujiyama, Hideo Hashizume, Takatsune Umayahara, Kazuki Tatsuno, Taisuke Ito, Yoshiki Tokura
http://ift.tt/2dtYt5V
A crucial role of L-selectin in C protein-induced experimental polymyositis of mice
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Kyosuke Oishi, Yasuhito Hamaguchi, Takashi Matsushita, Minoru Hasegawa, Naoko Okiyama, Jens Dernedde, Marie Weinhart, Rainer Haag, Thomas F. Tedder, Kazuhiko Takehara, Hitoshi Kosaka, Manabu Fujimoto
http://ift.tt/2cE6lvg
Decreased IL-20 expression in scleroderma skin contributes to cutaneous fibrosis
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Hideo Kudo, Masatoshi Jinnin, Hironobu Ihn
http://ift.tt/2dtZGdv
Possible mechanisms of epicutaneous-sensitized anaphylactic reaction in the mouse model
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Rie Yu, Ken Igawa, Takichi Munetsugu, Takahiro Satoh, Hiroo Yokozeki
http://ift.tt/2cE5kn9
Cav eolin-1 reduction induced by psoriasis-related cytokines enhances psoriatic pathogenic inflammation
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Yukie Yamaguchi, Yuko Watanabe, Noriko Koumitsu, Tomoya Watanabe, Michiko Aihara
http://ift.tt/2dtZ3jY
Prostaglandin E2-EP2 signaling in keratinocytes is an endogenous regulator for Th2 skin immunity by down-regulating PAR2 expression
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Tetsuya Honda, Yu Sawada, Yoshiki Miyachi, Kenji Kabashima
http://ift.tt/2cE4GWP
Identification of disease-specific molecules in the skin of dermatomyositis and lupus erythematosus by proteomics analysis using LC–MS/MS
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Kayo Nakamura, Masatoshi Jinnin, Satoshi Fukushima, Hironobu Ihn
http://ift.tt/2dtZ0EK
Requirement of aquaporin-3-mediated hydrogen peroxide for NF-κB cell signaling and psoriasis pathogenesis
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Mariko Hara-Chikuma, Hiroki Satooka
http://ift.tt/2cE6lvz
Expression of Mas-related gene X2 on skin mast cells is upregulated in the patients with severe chronic spontaneous urticaria
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Koremasa Hayama, Daisuke Fujisawa, Jun-ichi Kashiwakura, Hirohito Kita, Yusuke Kikukawa, Yashushi Fujitani, Tomomi Sasaki-sakamoto, Kazumichi Kuroda, Satoshi Nunomura, Chisei Ra, Yoshimichi Okayama, Tadashi Terui
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Role of mast cells in the development and maintenance of lupus-like skin lesions on MRL-lpr/lpr mice
Publication date: October 2016
Source:Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 84, Issue 1
Author(s): Yutaka Inaba, Takashi Yoshimasu, Nobuo Kanazawa, Fukumi Furukawa
http://ift.tt/2cE6wa2
Reporting of Malposition of Lines and Tubes on Portable Radiographs using Alert Notification of Critical Results
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2016
Source:Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology
Author(s): Rachna Madan, LaTia D. Peavy, Breland Crudup, Andetta Hunsaker
Line malposition may result in significant iatrogenic complications. Awareness of the most common types of line malposition and the frequency of significant line related complications is an important reminder to the radiologist to look carefully at all lines, especially the devices that are most commonly subject to malposition. Alert Notification of Critical Results (ANCR) are computer-generated pages or emails created by the radiologist to inform referring clinicians of significant radiologic findings. The alert is logged on the computer and all data is saved for future review. The primary purpose of the ANCR is to ensure that radiologists and clinicians have an effective and well-documented method of communication regarding significant imaging findings. A secondary purpose of ANCR data is the ability to review clinical practice. We have used the ANCR data to identify the frequency and types of line malpositions in the ICU.
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Scholar : These new articles for Annals of the American Association of Geographers are available online
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Scholar : These new articles for Amyloid are available online
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Scholar : These new articles for Acute Cardiac Care are available online
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Hospitalisations with Hidradenitis Suppurativa: An Increasing Problem That Deserves Closer Attention
Background/Aims: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the hair follicle, can lead to scarring and disability. With an estimated European prevalence of 1%, few epidemiological studies of HS have been performed, and none focused on hospitalisations. We aimed to study the time trends of HS hospitalisations and to evaluate the demographic characteristics, hospital incidence rate, readmissions, length of stay, comorbidities and risk factors of hospitalised HS patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study using a national administrative database in Portugal, with discharges between 2000 and 2014. All the inpatients aged 5 years or more with a diagnosis of HS were included. Variables analysed were age, sex, admission and discharge date, discharge outcome and diagnoses. Results: A total of 1,177 patients were hospitalised in this time period (48 were aged 18 years or younger) with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.17. There was a hospital incidence rate of 0.83 patients with HS per 100,000 person-years (95% CI = 0.78-0.88). The age group with the highest incidence rate was 20-29 years among women and 40-49 years among men. We recorded an increasing trend in the number of new hospitalised patients and in the hospital incidence rate of HS. Tobacco was the most common comorbidity/risk factor. Eighty-three percent of our population underwent HS surgery. Conclusion: This hospital-based incidence study showed that admission for HS is increasing and that the majority of the HS inpatients were surgical cases. In the future, prospective studies will be important to assess risk factors for hospitalisations and complications.
Dermatology
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Dermatology
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Scholar : These new articles for Asian Englishes are available online
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Scholar : These new articles for Archives and Records are available online
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Scholar : These new articles for Atmosphere-Ocean are available online
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Scholar : These new articles for Dramatherapy are available online
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Scholar : These new articles for African Security are available online
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10-year follow-up study comparing primary medical vs. surgical therapy in women with prolactinomas
Abstract
While dopamine-agonists are the first-line approach in treating prolactinomas, surgery can be considered in selected cases besides non-responders or patients with dopamine-agonist intolerance. The aim of the present study was to compare the long-term outcome in women with prolactinomas treated primarily either surgically or medically who had not had prior dopamine-agonist treatment. Retrospective case-note study of all consecutive women with prolactinomas primarily managed with medical therapy or surgery in a tertiary referral centre. The clinical, biochemical, and radiological responses to first-line treatment at early and long-term follow-up were analysed. The primary therapeutic strategy was dopamine-agonists for 36 (34 %) and surgery for 71 (66 %) of the women. Baseline clinical and biochemical characteristics were not significantly different between the primary surgical and medical cohort. Median follow-up time was 90 months (range 13–408). Following primary treatment, prolactin level significantly decreased in both cohorts, on average to 13.5 µg/L (IQR 7–21; p < 0.001), and was within the normal range in 82 % of all patients. No women in the surgical cohort demonstrated permanent sequelae and morbidity was low. At final follow-up, control of hyperprolactinaemia required dopamine-agonist therapy in 64 % of women who had undergone primary medical therapy vs. 32 % of those who had primary surgical therapy (p = 0.003). Logistic regression revealed that the primary therapeutic strategy, but not adenoma size, was an independent risk factor for long-term dependence on dopamine-agonists. The present data indicate that in a dedicated tertiary referral centre, long-term control of hyperprolactinaemia in women with prolactinomas is high. In selected cases, a primary neurosurgical approach might at least be interdisciplinarily discussed with the primary goal of minimizing long-term dependence on dopamine-agonists.
http://ift.tt/2d9oBmB
Comparison of the therapeutic effects of prednisolone and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with subacute thyroiditis
Abstract
Subacute thyroiditis is a transient inflammatory thyroid disease of unknown etiology. The primary goal for treatment is to mitigate inflammation. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the therapeutic effects of prednisolone and nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drugs in patients with subacute thyroiditis. In this study, 53 consecutive Japanese patients who had been diagnosed with were referred to our hospital for further management. After excluding 11 patients (9 did not need treatment, 2 did not meet the criteria for diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis), the remaining 42 patients were treated either with prednisolone (n = 25) or loxoprofen (n = 17). We compared the time periods required for resolution of clinical symptoms and signs and normalization of thyroid function between the two groups. The mean dose of prednisolone was 15.0 (range, 14–16) mg/day and that of loxoprofen was 180 mg/day. The time period to normalization of thyroid function was comparable between the prednisolone and loxoprofen groups (25, 18–36, vs 32, 21–39 days, p = 0.388). However, the time period for resolution of symptoms was shorter under prednisolone than loxoprofen (7, 7–12 days, vs 21, 14–32 days, p < 0.001). Prednisolone treatment of patients with subacute thyroiditis was superior to nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drugs with regard to resolution of symptoms.
http://ift.tt/2dtLHjg
Resection of tumors of the third ventricle involving the hypothalamus: effects on body mass index using a dedicated surgical approach
Abstract
Resection of large lesions growing into the third ventricle is considered nowadays still a demanding surgery, due to the high risk of severe endocrine and neurological complications. Some neurosurgical approaches were considered in the past the procedures of choice to access the third ventricle, however they were burden by endocrine and neurological consequences, like memory loss and epilepsy. We report here the endocrine and functional results in a series of patients operated with a recently developed approach specifically tailored for the resection of large lesions growing into the third ventricle. Authors conducted a retrospective analysis on 10 patients, operated between 2011 and 2012, for the resection of large tumors growing into the third ventricle. Total resection was achieved in all patients. No perioperative deaths were recorded and all patients were alive after the follow-up. One year after surgery 8/10 patients had an excellent outcome with a Karnofsky Performance Status of 100 and a Glasgow Outcome score of 5, with 8 patients experiencing an improvement of the Body Mass Index. Modern neurosurgery allows a safe and effective treatment of large lesions growing into the third ventricle with a postoperative good functional status.
http://ift.tt/2dtN4OR
Scholar : These new articles for Body, Movement and Dance in Psychotherapy are available online
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Scholar : These new articles for African Security Review are available online
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The dynamic gastric environment and its impact on drug and formulation behaviour
Publication date: 1 January 2017
Source:European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Volume 96
Author(s): Jens Van Den Abeele, Jari Rubbens, Joachim Brouwers, Patrick Augustijns
Before being absorbed in the small intestine and/or colon, orally administered drugs inevitably need to pass through the stomach. Hence, it seems reasonable that the residence of a dosage form in the gastric environment, however brief it may be, may influence drug disposition further down the gastrointestinal tract and may potentially impact systemic exposure to a drug of interest. However, research efforts in the past mainly focused on drug disposition at the level of the intestine, i.e. the main site of absorption, hereby disregarding or oversimplifying the stomach's contribution to gastrointestinal drug disposition. In the first part of this review, the complexity of the stomach with regard to anatomy, physiology and gastric fluid composition is emphasized. Between-population differences in gastric functioning and physicochemical characteristics of gastric fluids are discussed. The second part of this review focuses on several of the processes to which a dosage form can be exposed during its passage through the stomach and the implications for gastrointestinal drug behaviour and systemic drug disposition. Finally, the influence of real-life dosing conditions on drug disposition is discussed in the context of the stomach.
Graphical abstract
http://ift.tt/2d9gl6g
Comparative anti-psoriatic efficacy studies of clobetasol loaded chitin nanogel and marketed cream
Publication date: 1 January 2017
Source:European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Volume 96
Author(s): Rajitha Panonnummal, R. Jayakumar, M. Sabitha
In the present study chitin nanogel loaded with anti-psoriatic drug clobetasol was developed (CLCNG) for its topical delivery in psoriasis. CLCNG had the particle size of 132±14nm, with gel like consistency, stability in refrigerator, having higher drug release properties at acidic pH. CLCNG exhibited significant toxicity towards HaCaT and THP-1cell lines by MTT assay. The uptake of nanogel by HaCaT cell lines was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy. CLCNG at 0.35mg/ml exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity with an average of 65% and 70% inhibition in COX and LOX activities expressed in THP-1 cells. In vitro skin permeation studies revealed the increased transdermal flux with fragmented stratum corneum and loosened epidermal layers in CLCNG treated samples, compared with control drug solution. The in vivo anti-psoriatic studies done on imiquimod model confirmed the potential benefits of the nanogel for the topical delivery of clobetasol in psoriasis.
Graphical abstract
http://ift.tt/2d7LdRd
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