Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00302841026182,00306932607174,alsfakia@gmail.com,
Ετικέτες
Δευτέρα 28 Μαΐου 2018
A network analysis of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder and functional impairment in UK treatment-seeking veterans
Source:Journal of Anxiety Disorders
Author(s): Jana Ross, Dominic Murphy, Cherie Armour
Network analysis is a relatively new methodology for studying psychological disorders. It focuses on the associations between individual symptoms which are hypothesized to mutually interact with each other. The current study represents the first network analysis conducted with treatment-seeking military veterans in UK. The study aimed to examine the network structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and four domains of functional impairment by identifying the most central (i.e., important) symptoms of PTSD and by identifying those symptoms of PTSD that are related to functional impairment. Participants were 331 military veterans with probable PTSD. In the first step, a network of PTSD symptoms based on the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 was estimated. In the second step, functional impairment items were added to the network. The most central symptoms of PTSD were recurrent thoughts, nightmares, negative emotional state, detachment and exaggerated startle response. Functional impairment was related to a number of different PTSD symptoms. Impairments in close relationships were associated primarily with the negative alterations in cognitions and mood symptoms and impairments in home management were associated primarily with the reexperiencing symptoms. The results are discussed in relation to previous PTSD network studies and include implications for clinical practice.
https://ift.tt/2smTasu
HeberFERON, a new formulation of IFNs with improved pharmacodynamics. Perspective for cancer treatment
Publication date: Available online 4 May 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Bello-Rivero Iraldo, Garcia-Vega Yanelda, Duncan-Roberts Yaquelin, Vazquez-Blonquist Dania, Hector Santana Milian, Besada-Perez Vladimir, Rios-Cabrera Margarita
The rational combination of recombinant IFN-α2b and IFN-γ resulted in a new formulation of IFNs (HeberFERON) with improved pharmacodynamics. In basal cell carcinomas HeberFERON produces a more rapid antitumor effect and results in a larger number of complete responses. In patients with glioblastoma multiforme, the administration of HeberFERON after surgery and radiotherapy results in an estimated overall survival of 19 months. Patients with state III or IV renal cell carcinoma also ppear to benefit from the intravenous administration of HeberFERON, with prolongation of survival and a good quality of live. HeberFERON offers a promising alternative formulation of IFNs for the treatment of cancer with a very favorable safety profile.
https://ift.tt/2IQVGSU
CIGB-300: A peptide-based drug that impairs the Protein Kinase CK2-mediated phosphorylation
Publication date: Available online 3 May 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Silvio E. Perea, Idania Baladrón, Carmen Valenzuela, Yasser Perera
Protein kinase CK2 - formerly referred to as casein kinase II - is a serine/threonine kinase often found overexpressed in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies that phosphorylates many substrates integral to the hallmarks of cancer. CK2 has emerged as a viable oncology target having been experimentally validated with different kinase inhibitors including small molecule ATP-competitors, synthetic peptides and antisense oligonucleotides. To date only two CK2 inhibitors, CIGB-300 and CX-4945, have entered the clinic in Phase 1-2 trials. This review provides information on CIGB-300 a cell-permeable cyclic peptide that inhibits CK2-mediated phosphorylation by targeting the substrate phosphoacceptor domain. We review data that support the concept of CK2 as an anticancer target, address the mechanism of action and summarize preclinical studies showing antiangiogenic and antimetastatic effects as well as synergism with anticancer drugs in preclinical models. We also summarize early clinical research (Phase 1/2 trials) of CIGB-300 in cervical cancer including data in combination with chemoradiotherapy. The clinical data demonstrate the safety, tolerability and clinical effects of intratumoral injections of CIGB-300 and provide the foundation for future Phase 3 clinical trials in locally advanced cervical cancer in combination with standard chemoradiotherapy.
https://ift.tt/2xnXiyp
Nimotuzumab: beyond the EGFR signaling cascade inhibition
Publication date: Available online 2 May 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Zaima Mazorra, Lisset Chao, Anabel Lavastida, Belinda Sanchez, Mayra Ramos, Normando Iznaga, Tania Crombet
One of the most known oncogenes is the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family. It activates multiple signaling cascades which promote carcinogenesis and immune evasion. Therefore, these molecules have been extensively targeted in cancer immunotherapy. Beyond EGFR signaling cascade inhibition, some of these agents are able to induce T cell activation transforming a passive therapy into a vaccine-like effect.Nimotuzumab is an IgG1 humanized MAb directed against the extracellular domain of the EGFR blocking the binding to its ligands. It possesses unique pharmacodynamics properties, which allow treating patients for long–term period and with very low toxicity. Based on its clinical effect, nimotuzumab has been approved in Cuba and abroad for the treatment of different epithelial tumors. Recently, new potential mechanisms of action of nimotuzumab involving the activation of the innate and adaptive immune response have been reported.This review summarizes the main properties of nimotuzumab in comparison with others EGFR specific monoclonal antibodies highlighting its capacity to activate an effective immune response. In addition, differential clinical effect of this antibody and ongoing clinical trials to deeply characterize the biomarkers of clinical benefit are shown.
https://ift.tt/2LCMgsd
CIMAvax-EGF: Toward long-term survival of advanced NSCLC
Publication date: Available online 1 May 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Danay Saavedra, Elia Neninger, Camilo Rodriguez, Carmen Viada, Zaima Mazorra, Agustin Lage, Tania Crombet
Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common histological type of lung cancer. Medical and scientific progress has led to longer survival in an increasing number of patients suffering for cancer. Concerning patients with advanced NSCLC, there is a subgroup with long-term survival. The human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) family plays a key role in tumor development. This cluster of genes is associated with augmented angiogenesis and enhanced proliferation, survival and migration of tumor cells. The CIMAvax-EGF vaccine consists of a chemical conjugate of the EGF with the P64 protein derived from the Meningitis B bacteria and the Montanide ISA 51, as adjuvant. The vaccine induces antibodies against EGF that results in EGF withdrawal. CIMAvax-EGF has been demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic in advanced NSCLC patients. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the mechanism of action of CIMAvax-EGF, highlighting the impact of this anti-EGF based vaccine on the long-term survival of advanced NSCLC patients.
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Combining computational and experimental biology to develop therapeutically valuable IL2 muteins
Publication date: Available online 1 May 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Kalet León, Karina García-Martínez, Tania Carmenate, Gertrudis Rojas
High-dose IL2, first approved in 1992, has been used in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma and melanoma. In these indications, IL2 induces long lasting objective responses in 5% to 20% of patients. However, toxicity and the unexpected expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) have limited its practical use and therapeutic impact, respectively. At the Center of Molecular Immunology in Havana, Cuba, a project was launched in 2005 to rationally design IL2 muteins that could be deployed in the therapy of cancer. The basic goal was to uncouple the pleiotropic effect of IL2 on different immune T cells, to obtain a mutein with a therapeutic index that was better than that achieved with wild type (wt) IL2. Using a combination of computational and experimental biology approaches, we predicted and developed two novel IL2 muteins with therapeutic potential. The first, designated no-alpha mutein, is an agonist of IL2R signaling with a reduced ability to expand Treg in vivo. In mice, the no-alpha mutein IL2 has higher antitumor activity and lower toxicity than wt IL2. It represents a potential best-in-class drug that has begun phase I/II clinical trials in solid tumors. The second, designated no-gamma mutein, is an antagonist of IL2R signaling, with some preferential affinity for Tregs. This mutein has antitumor activity in mice that likely derives from its ability to reduce Treg accumulation in vivo. It represents a first-in-class drug that offers a novel strategy to inhibit Treg activity in vivo.
https://ift.tt/2IVQahV
GM3(Neu5Gc) ganglioside: An evolution fixed neoantigen for cancer immunotherapy
Publication date: Available online 7 May 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Mayrel Labrada, Denise Dorvignit, Giselle Hevia, Nely Rodriguez, Ana M. Hernández, Ana M. Vázquez, Luis E. Fernández
Numerous molecules have been considered as target for cancer immunotherapy due to their levels of expression on tumor cells, their putative importance for tumor biology and relative immunogenicity. In this review we focused on the ganglioside GM3(Neu5Gc), a glycosphingolipid present on the outer side of plasma membranes of vertebrate cells. The reasons for selecting GM3(Neu5Gc) as a peculiar tumor specific antigen and its use as target for cancer immunotherapy are discussed, together with the development of antitumor therapies focused on this target by the Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM, Cuba).
https://ift.tt/2IWQ6KQ
Differential effects of two therapeutic cancer vaccines on short- and long-term survival populations among patients with advanced lung cancer
Publication date: Available online 1 May 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Lizet Sanchez, Leacky Muchene, Patricia Lorenzo-Luaces, Carmen Viada, Pedro C. Rodriguez, Sailyn Alfonso, Tania Crombet, Elia Neninger, Ziv Shkedy, Agustin Lage
BackgroundProgress in immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for advanced lung cancer, with emerging evidence of patients experiencing long-term survivals. The goal of this study was to explore the existence of short- and long-term survival populations and to assess the effect of immunotherapy on them.MethodsData from two randomized, multicenter, controlled clinical trials was used to evaluate the effect of two therapeutic vaccines (anti-idiotypic vaccine VAXIRA and anti-EGF vaccine CIMAVAX) on survival curves in advanced non–small cell lung cancer patients. Data were fitted to Kaplan-Meier, standard Weibull survival, and two-component Weibull mixture models. Bayesian Information Criterion was used for model selection.ResultsVAXIRA did not modify, neither the fraction of patients with long-term survivals (0.18 in the control group v 0.19 with VAXIRA, P = .88), nor the median overall survival of the patients in the short-term survival subpopulation (6.8 v 7.8 months, P = .24). However, this vaccine showed great benefit for the patients belonging to the subpopulation of patients with long-term survival (33.8 v 76.6 months, P <.0001). CIMAVAX showed impact in the overall survival of both short- and long-term populations (6.8 v 8.8 months, P = .005 and 33.8 v 61.8 months, P = .007). It also increased the proportion of patients with long-term survival (from 0.18 to 0.28, P = .02).ConclusionsThis study shows that therapeutic vaccines produce differential effects on short- and long-term survival populations and illustrates the application of advanced statistical methods to deal with the long-term evolution of patients with advanced lung cancer in the era of immunotherapy.
https://ift.tt/2LCwoG4
Clinical trial participation by adolescents and young adults with cancer: A continued cause for concern?
Publication date: Available online 30 April 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Victoria White, Gemma Skaczkowski, Antoinette Anazodo, Helen Bibby, Wayne Nicholls, Ross Pinkerton, Kate Thompson, Lisa M Orme, Rachel Conyers, Michael Osborn, Marianne B Phillips, Rosemary Harrup, Roderick Walker, Michael Coory
International data indicate that rates of clinical trial enrolment for Adolescents and Young Adults (AYAs) with cancer are markedly lower than for any other age group. This paper reviews the recent literature reporting international trends in clinical trial enrolment since 2010. Subsequently, we present the first population-based, national assessment of clinical trial enrolment for AYAs with cancer in Australia. Reported rates of trial enrolment from Australia, Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom were variable, though consistently low, ranging between 2% and 29%. Trial enrolment was higher for younger AYAs (typically 15-19 years) and those attending pediatric hospitals, and this was replicated in the recent Australian data. The findings highlight a lack of substantial improvement in AYA clinical trial enrolment and in particular, a need for improved opportunities to access trials for patients treated at adult centers.
https://ift.tt/2xvNZfZ
Back and forth between cancer treatment and cancer control programs: Insights from the Cuban experience
Publication date: Available online 30 April 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Agustin Lage, Teresa Romero
Cancer control is a wider concept than oncology, and includes comprehensive actions for prevention, early diagnosis, treatment, services organization, and education, aiming to modify hard indicators such as incidence, mortality rates, and survival at a population scale. Based on these concepts, organized national cancer programs appeared in several countries in the second half of the 20th century. But at the same time, scientific efforts began to modify the landscape of cancer control. Evidence of mortality reductions began to appear, cancer-driving mutations became measurable, many novel drugs were registered, the methodology of clinical trials spread through health systems, targeted drugs and immunotherapy entered into the mainstream of therapeutics, and treatment goals started to shift from cure to chronic control. The implementation and impact of organized interventions for cancer control show variations according to the context of diverse countries, and scientists and health decision makers can learn from studying these diverse experiences. Among the salient features of cancer control in Cuba are the simultaneous development of a primary care network with abundant human resources and a national biotechnology industry with capacity to provide both generic and innovating drugs and diagnostic systems. The program intentionally assumes the goal of accelerating the transformation of advanced cancer into a chronic disease susceptible of long-term control. The implications of this strategy for population interventions and for scientific research are discussed.
https://ift.tt/2LCj5W0
An evidence-based review on the value of interim FDG-PET in assessing response to therapy in lymphoma
Publication date: Available online 22 April 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Hugo J.A. Adams, Thomas C. Kwee
Assessing response to therapy in lymphoma is important for determining patients' prognosis, guiding subsequent treatment, and may be used as an outcome measure of prognostic and therapeutic trials. Traditionally, computed tomography was the mainstay for response assessment and was predominantly performed at the end of treatment, whereas the most recent guidelines propose 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for this purpose. However, the value of FDG-PET performed during treatment (interim FDG-PET) is still a topic of debate. The purpose of this scientific communication is to provide an evidence-based overview of the value of interim FDG-PET in patients with lymphoma. The article first describes the development of imaging-based response assessment in lymphoma, the rationale and limitations of using FDG-PET for this purpose, and continues with the evidence-based clinical utility of interim FDG-PET in three major lymphoma subtypes (Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma), and finishes with conclusions and recommendations for standard care and future research.
https://ift.tt/2xnufuD
Scholar : ογκοι κεφαλης τραχηλου - νέα
[PDF] Η συσχέτιση της κατανάλωσης αλκοόλ κατά την διάρκεια της εγκυμοσύνης με την γέννηση πρόωρου νεογνού.
κατανάλωση αλκοόλ στης χώρες της Ευρώπης βρίσκεται στο υψηλότερο
επίπεδο σε σχέση με τον υπόλοιπο … Σελίδα 17 από 118 παράγοντα νέκρωσης …
[PDF] Οικονομικές επιπτώσεις στην Λευκάδα από το θαλάσσιο τουρισμό yachting.
Σπουδών Λογιστική – Χρηματοοικονομική και Διοικητική Επιστήμη Κατεύθυνση:
Διοικητική Επιστήμη και Οργανισμοί ΜΕΤΑΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ …
Αυτή η ειδοποίηση αποστέλλεται από τον Μελετητή Google. Ο Μελετητής Google είναι μια υπηρεσία που παρέχεται από την Google.
Scholar : ΜΑΣΤΟΕΙΔΙΤΙΣ - νέα αποτελέσμ
[HTML] Group A streptococcus acute otitis media progressing to neuroinvasive disease in adults
extratemporal; notable examples include mastoiditis and meningitis/central
nervous system disease (the latter referred to as neuroinvasive disease) …
A CASE REPORT ON CONGENITAL CHOLESTEATOMA WITH RARE PRESENTATION
proceeded with tympanomastoid exploration andremoved a large
cholesteatoma from the mastoid tip.postoperatively patient recovered …
The interrelationship between hepcidin, vitamin D, and anemia in children with acute infectious disease
bacterial infections (ie, osteomyelitis/septic arthritis, pyelonephritis,
pneumonia, mastoiditis, etc.) and coexisting anemia (defined as hemoglobin …
[PDF] HUBUNGAN KOLESTEATOMA DENGAN JENIS DAN DERAJAT KURANG PENDENGARAN PADA PASIEN OTITIS MEDIA SUPURATIF KRONIK
mengancam jiwa seperti kehilangan pendengaran, meningitis, abses serebri, mastoiditis,
parese nervus fasial, kolesteatoma, jaringan granulasi dan empiema subdural. 4 …
[PDF] KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN OTITIS MEDIA SUPURATIF KRONIK DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT DR. WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO PERIODE JULI 2016–JUNI 2017
lainnya adalah penyebab umum kematian dari OMSK.2,3,4 … OMSK dapat menyebabkan
mastoiditis kronik walaupun jarang. Erosi dinding telinga …
[PDF] Evaluation of the spectrum of bacteria encountered in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media with their antibiotic sensitivity pattern ﻂﻤﻧ ﻊﻣ ﻦﻣﺰﻤﻟا ﻲﺤﯿﻘﺘﻟا ﻰﻄﺳﻮﻟا نذﻷا …
and meningitis [9] .Antibiotics have produced an overall decline in the
frequency of complications of OM relative to the preantibiotic time … Page 9 …
Otitis media with effusion in aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease patients–a series of twenty‐two cases
patients had undergone mastoidectomy, one of them bilaterally, due to chronic mastoiditis
(Figure 1). In only one patient (No. 8) the ear discharge has discontinued postoperatively …
[PDF] Mastoid Mucocele: An Uncommon Alert of Fibrous Dysplasia Onset: Case Report and Literature Review
down in adulthood [8]. Whenever mastoid is involved, recurrent mastoiditis and
conductive hearing loss can be symptomatic indicators. To our …
Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: 10 Myths and Misperceptions
is external to the dura and invades inward, such as in complicated sinusitis,
mastoiditis, or infection of a craniotomy site, but in these cases the dural …
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Scholar : ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙΤΙΣ - νέα αποτελέσματ
Risk factors for periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome: a case-control study
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The association between interleukin polymorphism and recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A meta-analysis
1104 controls participating. The results demonstrated that the polymorphism of IL-
1beta (− 511C/T) significantly increased the probability of the development of RAS in …
Role of laser or photodynamic therapy in treatment of denture stomatitis: A systematic review
wearers and that can negatively affect their quality of life. The conventional treatment
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[PDF] Therapeutic potential of Indian plants for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
potentially life-threatening pulmonary toxicity 2. Oral gold salts Diarrhea 3. Injectable
gold salts Stomatitis, myelosuppression, rash, thrombocytopenia …
A recombinant virus vaccine that protects against both Chikungunya and Zika virus infections
CHIKV envelope polyprotein (E3-E2-6K-E1) in place of the VSV glycoprotein (G) and
also expresses the membrane-envelope (ME) glycoproteins of ZIKV …
Immunohistological analysis of the duodenal bulb: a new method for celiac disease diagnosis in children
recurrent aphtous stomatitis, 1 arthralgia and abdominal pain, 1 recurrent
abdominal pain) were diagnosed as having CD and were put on GFD … Anemia …
[PDF] An Update on Drug-induced Oral Reactions
oral painful ulcerative inflammatory disease of unknown etiology; thereby its
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[HTML] Impact of race on dose selection of molecular-targeted agents in early-phase oncology trials
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Summary Insulinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumours that classically present with fasting hypoglycaemia. This case report discusses an un...
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