Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00302841026182,00306932607174,alsfakia@gmail.com,
Ετικέτες
Τρίτη 7 Αυγούστου 2018
Mechanistic and pharmacological assessment of murine IL-23 mediated psoriasiform dermatitis; implications for drug discovery
Publication date: Available online 7 August 2018
Source: Journal of Dermatological Science
Author(s): Stephen B. Gauld, Donna Gauvin, Lauren Olson, Laura Leys, Stephanie Paulsboe, Zheng Liu, Rebecca M. Edelmayer, Joseph Wetter, Katherine Salte, Yibing Wang, Susan Huang, Prisca Honore, Steven McGaraughty
Abstract
Background
Animal models of Psoriasis (PsO) are important for our understanding of the pathophysiology of human disease but rarely manifest all features of the disease. In order to facilitate greater understanding of the underlying biology of PsO it is key that we understand the strengths and limitations of models used.
Objective
While humanized mouse models are available for PsO they remain technically challenging, expensive, require prolonged timelines and require a continued source of human tissue. Another approach is to focus on developing mechanistic models which recapitulate key features of human PsO. The role of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway as a key driver of human PsO is both well characterized and clinically validated. The goal of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive disease and pharmacological assessment of IL-23 driven skin inflammation and its similarity to human psoriatic skin.
Methods
Intradermal injection of IL-23 has been used to study the IL-23 pathway in rodents, and this current study further characterizes pathology, cellular infiltrate, and gene signature kinetics, as well as the modulation of disease features by clinically relevant agents.
Results
Our results indicate that IL-23 triggers an early and robust activation of the immune system resulting in accumulation of T cell and monocyte/macrophage populations. It also supports changes in gene expression that parallel those observed in human psoriasis samples and is responsive to biologics commonly used to treat PsO in the clinic.
Conclusions
Collectively, our studies indicate that a 5 day model of IL-23 psoriasiform dermatitis can be used to assess the pharmacology of novel small molecules/biologics in the treatment of PsO.
https://ift.tt/2vsubGO
The association between ambient air pollution exposure and mental health status in Chinese female college students: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
The association between exposure to air pollution and mental health has not been adequately studied. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the association between exposure to ambient air pollution and mental health status among female college students. We performed a cross-sectional study involving female students attending college located in Anshan, a heavy industry city in Northeast China. The investigation was performed using electronic questionnaires including the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Cornell Medical Index (CMI), and general well-being (GWB) scale between March and April 2017. The individual daily average of time spent outdoors in each season was used as an indicator of exposure to ambient air pollution. The association between mental health status and exposure to ambient air pollution was analyzed using general linear regression. Of the 412 female participants, 346 (83.98%) submitted valid questionnaires. Multivariate linear regression indicated that GWB was negatively associated with the SCL-90 score, and annual average daily outdoor time and sleep quality were positively associated with the SCL-90 score. This study demonstrated that exposure to ambient air pollution may be a risk factor for mental health problems among female college students.
https://ift.tt/2Mw0FXe
Lactobacillus rhamnosus LRB mediated inhibition of oral streptococci
Molecular Oral Microbiology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
https://ift.tt/2OSkrxt
Mitigation of NOx emission using aromatic and phenolic antioxidant-treated biodiesel blends in a multi-cylinder diesel engine
Abstract
The present work analyzes the effect of antioxidants on engine combustion performance of a multi-cylinder diesel engine fueled with PB30 and PB50 (30 and 50 vol.% palm biodiesel (PB)). Four antioxidants namely N,N′-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (DPPD), N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (NPPD), 2(3)-tert-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol (BHA), and 2-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol (TBHQ) were added at concentrations of 1000 and 2000 ppm to PB30 and PB50. TBHQ showed the highest activity in increasing oxidation stability in both PB30 and PB50 followed by BHA, DPPD, and NPPD respectively, without any negative effect on physical properties. Compared to diesel fuel, PB blends showed 4.61–6.45% lower brake power (BP), 5.90–8.69% higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), 9.64–11.43% higher maximum in cylinder pressure, and 7.76–12.51% higher NO emissions. Carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and smoke opacity were reduced by 36.78–43.56%, 44.12–58.21%, and 42.59–63.94%, respectively, than diesel fuel. The start of combustion angles (SOC) of PB blends was − 13.2 to − 15.6 °CA BTDC, but the combustion delays were 5.4–7.8 °CA short compared to diesel fuel which were − 10 °CA BTDC and 11°CA respectively. Antioxidant fuels of PB showed higher BP (1.81–5.32%), CO (8.41–24.60%), and HC (13.51–37.35%) with lower BSFC (1.67–7.68%), NO (4.32–11.53%), maximum in cylinder pressure (2.33–4.91%) and peak heat release rates (HRR) (3.25–11.41%) than baseline fuel of PB. Similar SOC of − 13 to − 14 °CA BTDC was observed for PB blended fuels and antioxidants. It can be concluded that antioxidants' addition is effective in increasing the oxidation stability and in controlling the NOx emissions of palm biodiesel fuelled diesel engine.
https://ift.tt/2KzYgbS
Diagnosis by Comprehensive Cardiovascular Imaging for Stroke and TIA
Intervention: Diagnostic Test: CCI scanning (CTA, cardiac CT), and MRI scanning
Sponsors: NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde; University of Glasgow
Not yet recruiting
https://ift.tt/2KCLnhs
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy and Durvalumab With or Without Tremelimumab Before Surgery in Treating Participants With Human Papillomavirus Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Caner
Interventions: Biological: Durvalumab; Procedure: Modified Radical Neck Dissection; Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment; Other: Questionnaire Administration; Radiation: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy; Procedure: Transoral Robotic Surgery; Biological: Tremelimumab
Sponsors: Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center; National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Not yet recruiting
https://ift.tt/2LZmKBg
Impact of Cancer Therapy on Myocardial Function in Patients With Esophagus Cancer
Intervention:
Sponsors: Aarhus University Hospital Skejby; Danish Cancer Society
Recruiting
https://ift.tt/2KzVmUw
Durvalumab With or Without Metformin in Treating Participants With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Interventions: Drug: Metformin; Biological: Durvalumab
Sponsor: Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University
Not yet recruiting
https://ift.tt/2M1ZmmE
Variations in the management of acute illness in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: An audit of three paediatric hospitals
Clinical Endocrinology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
https://ift.tt/2KFnHJc
Gestational diabetes mellitus: different management strategies should be adopted for different subsets of patients diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test
Abstract
Purpose
To compare women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) according to the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) diagnostic criteria based on the number of OGTT diagnostic criteria, which OGTT parameters are altered and the glycemic deviation from proposed diagnostic cutoffs.
Methods
Cross-sectional, multicentric study of women diagnosed with GDM between 24–28 weeks of pregnancy according to the IADPSG criteria, in Portugal, between 2012–2014. Primary outcomes: large for gestational age (LGA) and maternal glucose metabolism status after delivery. Secondary outcome: small for gestational age (SGA).
Results
Three-thousand three-hundred fourteen patients were included; 67% had 1 OGTT altered value; 3.6% had LGA and 13% had SGA newborns; 7% had prediabetes/diabetes after delivery. Three diagnostic criteria in OGTT (OR 3.02; p < 0.001), a diagnostic value at 0 min (OR 2.09; p = 0.002) and 60 min (OR 1.70; p = 0.022) and glucose deviation at 0 min (OR 1.02; p = 0.014) were predictors of LGA. Having 2 (OR 1.94; p < 0.001) or 3 (OR 3.93; p < 0.001) diagnostic criteria in OGTT, a diagnostic value at 0 min (OR 1.76; p = 0.002), at 60 min (OR 1.57; p = 0.007) and at 120 min (OR 3.11; p < 0.001), the glucose deviation at 0 (OR 1.02; p = 0.017) and 120 min (OR 1.02; p < 0.001) were predictors of prediabetes/diabetes after delivery. Insufficient weight gain in pregnancy (OR 1.49; p < 0.001) and lower maternal BMI (OR 0.97; p = 0.024) were associated with SGA.
Conclusion
IADPSG diagnostic criteria include a heterogeneous group of women, for whom different management strategies should be adopted to obtain ideal pregnancy outcomes.
https://ift.tt/2vtLozq
Gestational diabetes mellitus: different management strategies should be adopted for different subsets of patients diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test
Abstract
Purpose
To compare women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) according to the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) diagnostic criteria based on the number of OGTT diagnostic criteria, which OGTT parameters are altered and the glycemic deviation from proposed diagnostic cutoffs.
Methods
Cross-sectional, multicentric study of women diagnosed with GDM between 24–28 weeks of pregnancy according to the IADPSG criteria, in Portugal, between 2012–2014. Primary outcomes: large for gestational age (LGA) and maternal glucose metabolism status after delivery. Secondary outcome: small for gestational age (SGA).
Results
Three-thousand three-hundred fourteen patients were included; 67% had 1 OGTT altered value; 3.6% had LGA and 13% had SGA newborns; 7% had prediabetes/diabetes after delivery. Three diagnostic criteria in OGTT (OR 3.02; p < 0.001), a diagnostic value at 0 min (OR 2.09; p = 0.002) and 60 min (OR 1.70; p = 0.022) and glucose deviation at 0 min (OR 1.02; p = 0.014) were predictors of LGA. Having 2 (OR 1.94; p < 0.001) or 3 (OR 3.93; p < 0.001) diagnostic criteria in OGTT, a diagnostic value at 0 min (OR 1.76; p = 0.002), at 60 min (OR 1.57; p = 0.007) and at 120 min (OR 3.11; p < 0.001), the glucose deviation at 0 (OR 1.02; p = 0.017) and 120 min (OR 1.02; p < 0.001) were predictors of prediabetes/diabetes after delivery. Insufficient weight gain in pregnancy (OR 1.49; p < 0.001) and lower maternal BMI (OR 0.97; p = 0.024) were associated with SGA.
Conclusion
IADPSG diagnostic criteria include a heterogeneous group of women, for whom different management strategies should be adopted to obtain ideal pregnancy outcomes.
https://ift.tt/2vtLozq
Differences in Rate of Complete Excision of Basal Cell Carcinoma by Dermatologists, Plastic Surgeons and General Practitioners: A Large Cross-Sectional Study
Dermatology
https://ift.tt/2MrGsll
Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) reduction by granular zero-valent iron in continuous flow reactor
Abstract
Wastewater streams containing hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) are subject to regulatory discharge regulations that require processing through industrial waste treatment. Thus, the development of easy-to-apply technologies for the treatment of RDX-laden wastewater streams is imperative. In the present study, the reduction of RDX by granular zero valent iron (GZVI) in batch and column experiments was investigated. Preliminary batch tests conducted under both oxic and anoxic conditions showed that after 3.0 h of reaction with GZVI, RDX was mainly converted to formaldehyde (CH2O), nitrate (NO3−), and ammonium (NH4+). Column filtration tests showed that pretreatment of the GZVI media with acid wash and low influent pH (4.0 ± 0.1) achieved 99% removal of RDX up to 5000 bed volume. BOD tests carried out on the post-treatment streams showed increased biodegradability of the treated wastewater, leading to a lower environmental impact for the final waste.
https://ift.tt/2OlVABf
Decentralization, national context and environmental policy performance: a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis
Abstract
This study examines the complex relationship between decentralization, national context and environment policy performance with the cross-sectional data from 118 countries. Decentralization is decomposed into three dimensions: political, fiscal and administrative. Both multiple regression analysis and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis are adopted. Results show that: (1) political, fiscal and administrative decentralization differ in their impacts on environmental policy performance. (2) There are multiple pathways, constituted by specific configurations of decentralization and context conditions, to high (or low) environmental policy performance. (3) High environmental policy performance occurs most often when a country is fiscally and administratively decentralized and its context is favorable, i.e. advanced economy, good governance and stringent environmental regulations. In this situation, political decentralization seems to be irrelevant to the outcome. (4) Low environmental policy performance occurs most often when a country, without the favorable context mentioned above, become fiscally centralized, regardless of whether political and administrative decentralization is present or not. This study suggests policy makers should keep in mind the contextual fit of decentralization and adopt a configurational thinking in environmental governance.
https://ift.tt/2ORzUhh
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Summary Insulinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumours that classically present with fasting hypoglycaemia. This case report discusses an un...
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The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Canadian Journal of Remote Sen...