Air pollution abatement performances of green infrastructure in open road and built-up street canyon environments – A review

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 162
Author(s): K.V. Abhijith, Prashant Kumar, John Gallagher, Aonghus McNabola, Richard Baldauf, Francesco Pilla, Brian Broderick, Silvana Di Sabatino, Beatrice Pulvirenti
Intensifying the proportion of urban green infrastructure has been considered as one of the remedies for air pollution levels in cities, yet the impact of numerous vegetation types deployed in different built environments has to be fully synthesised and quantified. This review examined published literature on neighbourhood air quality modifications by green interventions. Studies were evaluated that discussed personal exposure to local sources of air pollution under the presence of vegetation in open road and built-up street canyon environments. Further, we critically evaluated the available literature to provide a better understanding of the interactions between vegetation and surrounding built-up environments and ascertain means of reducing local air pollution exposure using green infrastructure. The net effects of vegetation in each built-up environment are also summarised and possible recommendations for the future design of green infrastructure are proposed. In a street canyon environment, high-level vegetation canopies (trees) led to a deterioration in air quality, while low-level green infrastructure (hedges) improved air quality conditions. For open road conditions, wide, low porosity and tall vegetation leads to downwind pollutant reductions while gaps and high porosity vegetation could lead to no improvement or even deteriorated air quality. The review considers that generic recommendations can be provided for vegetation barriers in open road conditions. Green walls and roofs on building envelopes can also be used as effective air pollution abatement measures. The critical evaluation of the fundamental concepts and the amalgamation of key technical features of past studies by this review could assist urban planners to design and implement green infrastructures in the built environment.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2ry7xsb

Atmospheric emission of mercury due to combustion of steam coal and domestic coal in China

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 162
Author(s): Shaobin Wang, Kunli Luo
To study the mercury emission due to the combustion of steam coal and domestic coal in China, we analyzed the mercury contents of coal, fly ash, bottom ash and sluicing water in thermal power plants, steam boilers as well as domestic coal-stoves, in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong and Yunnan Provinces. This study conduct an estimate of the Hg emission rates from steam coal and domestic coal combustion based on the method of mass distribution ratio of fly ash and bottom ash. The results show that the Hg emission rate of coal combustion in thermal power plants is about 50.21% (electrostatic precipitators + wet flue gas desulfurization), and that in heating boilers is about 67.23%, and 92.28% in industrial boilers without flue gas desulphurisation equipment. Furthermore, Hg emission rate is 83.61% due to domestic coal combustion in coal-stoves. The Hg emission amount into the atmosphere from power and heat generation, industrial boilers, domestic coal-stoves and spontaneous combustion of coal gangue is roughly estimated to be 133 ± 4, 100 ± 17, 11 ± 0.1 and 47 ± 26 tons in China in 2014, respectively, and the total Hg emission amount from this paper is estimated at 292 tons. The trends of Hg emission in China from 1991 to 2014 show an accelerating growth after 2002. The proportion of mercury emission due to thermal power, heating generation and industrial energy utilization continuously increased. The atmospheric emission of mercury due to combustion of steam coal, domestic coal and coal gangue accounts nearly 50% in total anthropogenic Hg emissions in China, indicating one of the largest sources of Hg emission in China which should draw more public and scientific attention in the future.



http://ift.tt/2ry3yvs

Spatially and chemically resolved source apportionment analysis: Case study of high particulate matter event

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 162
Author(s): Byeong-Uk Kim, Changhan Bae, Hyun Cheol Kim, Eunhye Kim, Soontae Kim
This article presents the results of a detailed source apportionment study of the high particulate matter (PM) event in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), South Korea, during late February 2014. Using the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions with its Particulate Source Apportionment Technology (CAMx-PSAT), we defined 10 source regions, including five in China, for spatially and chemically resolved analyses. During the event, the spatially averaged PM10 concentration at all PM10 monitors in the SMA was 129 μg/m³, while the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations at the BulGwang Supersite were 143 μg/m³ and 123 μg/m³, respectively. CAMx-PSAT showed reasonably good PM model performance in both China and the SMA. For February 23–27, CAMx-PSAT estimated that Chinese contributions to the SMA PM10 and PM2.5 were 84.3 μg/m³ and 80.0 μg/m³, respectively, or 64% and 70% of the respective totals, while South Korea's respective domestic contributions were 36.5 μg/m³ and 23.3 μg/m³. We observed that the spatiotemporal pattern of PM constituent concentrations and contributions did not necessarily follow that of total PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations. For example, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei produced high nitrate concentrations, but the two most-contributing regions to PM in the SMA were the Near Beijing area and South Korea. In addition, we noticed that the relative contributions from each region changed over time. We found that most ammonium mass that neutralized Chinese sulfate mass in the SMA came from South Korean sources, indicating that secondary inorganic aerosol in the SMA, especially ammonium sulfates, during this event resulted from different major precursors originating from different regions.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2ry0b7Q

Focal Capillary Dropout Associated With Optic Disc Drusen Using Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography.

Optic disc drusen may be a cause of visual field defects and visual loss. The mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. We report a patient who developed decreased vision in the right eye and was found to have a heavy burden of superficial optic disc drusen. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed focal retinal nerve fiber layer thinning that corresponded with the distribution of drusen. OCT angiography, with superficial laminar segmentation, showed focal capillary attenuation overlying the most prominent drusen. These findings demonstrate alterations in the superficial retinal capillary network associated with optic disc drusen. (C) 2017 by North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society

http://ift.tt/2qCc0dW

Pharmacokinetics and safety of vismodegib in patients with advanced solid malignancies and hepatic impairment

Abstract

Purpose

Vismodegib is a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor approved for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma. Currently, the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of vismodegib in patients with hepatic dysfunction are unknown and are the objective of this study.

Methods

Patients with advanced solid malignancies and hepatic impairment were enrolled into one of four cohorts: normal [bilirubin (bili) < upper limit of normal (ULN)], mild (ULN < bili ≤ 1.5 × ULN), moderate (1.5 × ULN < bili ≤ 3×ULN), and severe (3 × ULN < bili < 10 × ULN) dysfunction. Patients received oral vismodegib 150 mg daily. Plasma PK samples on days 1, 3, 5, and 8 were collected. Vismodegib therapy was continued until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent.

Results

Thirty-one patients were accrued: nine normal, eight mild, eight moderate, and six severe. Four patients experienced dose-limiting toxicity of hyperbilirubinemia on study: one in the moderate cohort and three in the severe cohort. Six patients died within 30 days after the last dose of vismodegib. All deaths were attributed to disease progression. Observed maximal and average steady-state concentrations and AUC of vismodegib at steady state (day 8) were similar across cohorts. Average AAG concentrations in patients with hepatic impairment were comparable to those of patients with normal hepatic function.

Conclusions

Hepatic impairment does not appear to impact vismodegib PK, and therefore, dose adjustment is not necessary in this special population. The study was influenced by the high number of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with advanced cirrhosis; rendering it difficult to draw any causal relationships between vismodegib exposure and the serious adverse events.

http://ift.tt/2pYpS12

Prognostic value of chemotherapy-resistant CK19 mRNA-positive circulating tumor cells in patients with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer

Abstract

Background

The detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is of prognostic significance in several tumor types. The present study evaluated the detection and the clinical relevance of CK19mRNA(+) CTCs in patients with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer before and after front-line chemotherapy.

Patients and methods

Peripheral blood was obtained from 642 patients with treatment-naïve unresectable stage IIIB and IV non-small cell lung cancer and from 455 patients after the completion of 1st line chemotherapy. RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the detection of CK19mRNA-positive cells was performed using a quantitative PCR assay.

Results

Based on the detection limit of the assay, 167 (26.0%) patients had detectable CK19mRNA(+) CTCs at baseline. The detection of CK19mRNA(+) CTCs before treatment was not associated with the clinical outcome, but their detection at the end of chemotherapy was associated with significantly decreased PFS and OS [PFS: 2.6 vs 3.8 months (p = 0.008); OS: 5.7 vs 10.0 months (p = 0.006) for CK19mRNA(+) vs CK19mRNA(−) patients, respectively]. Multivariate analysis revealed that the detection of CK19mRNA(+) CTCs both before and after chemotherapy emerged as an independent factor associated with reduced PFS (HR: 1.778; p < 0.001) and OS (HR: 1.608; p = 0.001).

Conclusion

The detection of peripheral blood CK19mRNA(+) CTCs before and after the completion of front-line chemotherapy is an adverse prognostic factor associated with poor clinical outcome in patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer.

http://ift.tt/2qzJtbd

Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΥΠΟΦΥ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΥΠΟΦΥΣΗ ΥΠΟΘΑΛΑΜΟΣ ]

[PDF] Μελέτη της επίδρασης εκχυλίσματος της πόας Sideritis clandestina subsp. peloponnesiaca σε συμπεριφορικούς και βιοχημικούς δείκτες εγκεφαλικών περιοχών …

Κ Ατσοπάρδη - 2017

Page 1. ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΠΑΤΡΩΝ ΣΧΟΛΗ ΘΕΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΒΙΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ
ΕΡΓΑΣΤΗΡΙΟ ΦΥΣΙΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΥ & ΖΩΩΝ Διπλωματική Εργασία ΜΕΤΑΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΟ
ΔΙΠΛΩΜΑ ΕΙΔΙΚΕΥΣΗΣ ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΣΗ: ΒΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΑ Ατσοπάρδη Κορίνα Πάτρα ...

---

Αυτή η Ειδοποίηση του Μελετητή Google σας προσφέρεται από τη Google

Ακύρωση ειδοποίησης
Δημιουργία λίστας των ειδοποιήσεών μου

Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΑΚΟΥΣ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΑΚΟΥΣΤΙΚΟ ]

[PDF] Μελέτη της επίδρασης εκχυλίσματος της πόας Sideritis clandestina subsp. peloponnesiaca σε συμπεριφορικούς και βιοχημικούς δείκτες εγκεφαλικών περιοχών …

Κ Ατσοπάρδη - 2017

Page 1. ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΠΑΤΡΩΝ ΣΧΟΛΗ ΘΕΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΒΙΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ
ΕΡΓΑΣΤΗΡΙΟ ΦΥΣΙΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΥ & ΖΩΩΝ Διπλωματική Εργασία ΜΕΤΑΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΟ
ΔΙΠΛΩΜΑ ΕΙΔΙΚΕΥΣΗΣ ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΣΗ: ΒΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΑ Ατσοπάρδη Κορίνα Πάτρα ...

[PDF] Πρόταση διδακτικής προσέγγισης για αρχάριους στο κανονάκι: αντλώντας στοιχεία από τη μέθοδο οργανικής διδασκαλίας Suzuki και τη διδασκαλία και μάθηση στην …

Α Ζωβοΐλη - 2017

Page 1. ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑΣ ΣΧΟΛΗ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΩΝ, ΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΣΠΟΥΔΩΝ
ΚΑΙ ΤΕΧΝΩΝ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΜΟΥΣΙΚΗΣ ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΕΧΝΗΣ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΜΕΤΑΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΩΝ
ΣΠΟΥΔΩΝ «ΜΟΥΣΙΚΕΣ ΤΕΧΝΕΣ» ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΣΗ: ΔΙΔΑΚΤΙΚΗ ΤΗΣ ΜΟΥΣΙΚΗΣ ...

---

Αυτή η Ειδοποίηση του Μελετητή Google σας προσφέρεται από τη Google

Ακύρωση ειδοποίησης
Δημιουργία λίστας των ειδοποιήσεών μου

Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΣΤΟΜΑ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙΤΙΣ ]

Nested PCR for Suttonella ornithocola reveals widespread infection in British Paridae species

G Peniche, JRR Fernandez, C Durrant, SK John… - European Journal of Wildlife …, 2017

... Mixed bacteria within parabronchi. Stomatitis, ulcerative, acute, multifocal, severe with
intralesional mixed bacteria. Adipose tissue atrophy, multifocal, severe. (Brain, heart, kidney,
liver, trachea). Likely incidental (Infectious disease other: bacterial stomatitis). ...

[PDF] Cancer and Precancerous Lesions of Oral Cavity; Our Experience

T Ahmad, S Singh

... OLP 10 11.76% Leukoplakia 12 14.11% Stomatitis nicotina 11 13.9% Others 03 3.5% ... Stomatitis
Nicotina Stomatitis Nicotina or Smokers Palate is often seen as thickened hyperkeratosis with
mucosal alteration mostly seen on palate in patients with long history of pipe smoking. ...

Single particle labeling of RNA virus in live cells

X Liu, T Ouyang, H Ouyang, L Ren - Virus Research, 2017

... successfully (Erlwein et al., 2003). Furthermore, a dual-color fluorescent reporter system
for vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), including a recombinant virus and stable reporter
cell, was developed (Swick et al., 2014). In this system, a ...

Increased expression of CD38 and HLADR in HIV‐infected patients with oral lesion

L Lins, É Farias, C Brites‐Alves, A Torres, EM Netto… - Journal of Medical Virology

... Among partially edentulous subjects, 4 (7.0%) were completely edentulous in the upper dental
arch and presented denture stomatitis lesions associated with poor hygiene in their ... three (5.3%)
angular cheilitis, and five (8.8%) stomatitis. Regarding periodontal ...

[PDF] Prevalence Of Zinc Deficiency In Breasted New Born Babies

AA Mir, I Qadri, S Jehan, GN Rather, MH Hajee

... some degree is characteristic. Associated manifestations include chronic diarrhea,
stomatitis, paronychia, nail dystrophy, growth retardation, intercurrent bacterial
infections and super infection with candida albicans. Zinc is used ...

[PDF] TOXIC METALS IN OFFICE DUST AS GEOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF INDOOR CONTAMINATION

JA Kadili, AU Itodo, IS Eneji

... individual metals exhibit specific signs of their toxicity, the following have been reported as general
signs associated with Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic, Mercury, Zinc, Copper and Aluminium poisoning:
Gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, diarrhea, stomatitis, tremor, heamoglobin urea ...

TNF receptor‐associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) mimicking chronic spontaneous urticaria

S Aurich, JC Simon, R Treudler - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and …

... Pseudofolliculitis (2%) Palpable purpura (1%) Erythematous pharyngitis (18%) Aphthous stomatitis
(10%) Exudative pharyngitis (3%) Table 1: Mucocutaneous symptoms in 158 pediatric and adult
patients with different variants of TRAPS (according to Lachmann et al. [2])

[PDF] Alteration of tumor markers may predict survival in colorectal cancer patients treated with TAS-102 or regorafenib as salvage-line chemotherapy: a single-institutional …

K Matsuda, K Nozawa, K Ohno, Y Okada, T Yagi…

... Adverse events following regorafenib treatment included hand-foot syndrome (13%),
hypertension(13%), decreased appetite(7%), hypertransaminase (7%), stomatitis (7%),
hyperglycemia (7%), low sodium (7%), high potassium (7%), and thrombopenia (7%). The ...

[PDF] Recent Advances in Biofilmology and Antibiofilm Measures

A Kushmaro, S Voravuthikunchai, A Wilson

... Many components constituents of TCMs have been found to be very effective in treating bacterial
infec- tions such as gastritis, stomatitis, dermatitis, and bacterial pneumonia [10]. However, the
mechanisms of these herbs in treatment infectious diseases are mostly unknown. ...

[PDF] The Antiviral Mechanism of an Influenza A Nucleoprotein-specific Single-Domain Antibody Fragment

L Hanke - Single-Domain Antibodies as Tools to Perturb and …

... Supplementary Figures Figure S1| NP mutation E375R abolishes αNP-VHH1 binding.
αNP-VHH1 and Renilla luciferase fusions of influenza A/WSN/33 NP wild type (WT) or E375R,
or vesicular stomatitis virus N, were transiently co-expressed in 293T cells. ...

---

Αυτή η Ειδοποίηση του Μελετητή Google σας προσφέρεται από τη Google

Ακύρωση ειδοποίησης
Δημιουργία λίστας των ειδοποιήσεών μου

Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ CPAP ]

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ CPAP ]

[HTML] Evaluation of behavioral change after adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea in children with autism spectrum disorder

E Murata, I Mohri, K Kato-Nishimura, J Iimura… - Research in Developmental …, 2017

... In addition, childhood OSA is mainly caused by hypertrophy of the adenoid and/or palatine tonsils,
therefore, the current standard treatment for childhood OSA is adenotonsillectomy (AT) rather
than continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which is the first-line treatment for ...

[HTML] Heliox delivered by high flow nasal cannula improves oxygenation in infants with respiratory syncytial virus acute bronchiolitis

W Seliem, AM Sultan - Jornal de Pediatria, 2017

... The degree of clinical and gas exchange improvement observed in the present study when
heliox was used with HFNC is similar to previous findings where heliox was used with
nasal continuous positive airway pressure (n-CPAP) ventilation. ...

Déterminants psychologiques et adhérence au traitement par pression positive continue: des outils pratiques pour une médecine du sommeil intégrative

JA Micoulaud-Franchi, PJ Monteyrol, K Guichard… - Médecine du Sommeil, 2017

... Summary. Continuous Positive Pressure (CPAP) therapy is the gold standard treatment for
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS). CPAP used the majority of
sleep time is very effective to reduce the consequences of OSAHS. ...

Retrospective Analysis of Healthcare Resource Utilization (HRU) in Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) in MarketScan®(P3. 186)

M Teynor, J Zhou, Q Hou, W Wells, E Hall, J Avendano - Neurology, 2017

... Top IP claims were respiratory abnormality (39%), pulmonary collapse (30.3%), respiratory
failure (30.3%), and feeding difficulties/management (29%). 54% of patients had claims for
suction machines, 44% cough assist, 39% IPPB, and 32% BiPAP/CPAP. ...

Transoral Robotic Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: 9 Years of Experience

C Vicini, F Montevecchi, S Dachuri, H Obaidat… - Current Surgery Reports, 2017

... less than 30. Mouth opening measured as interincisive distance of 25 mm or more
is a pre-requisite for a sufficient exposure. About 70% of our cases were primary
surgeries after CPAP refusal or drop out. In our center, drug ...

[HTML] 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE Expert Consensus Statement on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation

H Calkins, G Hindricks, R Cappato, YH Kim, EB Saad… - Journal of Arrhythmia, 2017

Please note that Internet Explorer version 8.x will not be supported as of January 1, 2016.
Please refer to this blog post for more information. Close. ScienceDirect. ...

[PDF] A Publication of The Sleep Research Society, USA Vol 1, Number 4, 1995 All Rights Reserved, G, 1

J Hall, S Interrupters

... The most common treatment for sleep apnea is nasal continuous positive airway pressure,
or CPAP. ... CPAP opens up collapsible upper airways to restore normal breathing during
sleep. CPAP is shown to relieve all the symptoms of sleep apnea. ...

EC Toolbox: Tracking Incomplete Medical Equipment Work Orders

M Kaldahl - Environment of Care News, 2017

... WO Completion % 99.3% NonLife Support PM's Completed 383 December 12/31/14 D2136
CPAP IN RESPIRATORY 107097 PM of CPAP Respiratory X Unable to locate Total Past Due
1 Life Support PM's Generated 11 Total Completed 33 Life Support PM's Completed 11 ...

[PDF] Cost effectiveness of nifedipine compared to atosiban in the treatment of threatened preterm birth (APOSTEL III trial)

TAJ Nijman, GJ van Baaren, EOG van Vliet, M Kok… - Etiology, treatment and outcomes …

... For twin pregnancies, deliveries were counted as shown in table 1. Furthermore we included
neonatal admission (ward, medium care of intensive care), days of neonatal intubation, days
of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), surfactant use, travel costs and maternal ...

[PDF] Pobre ganancia ponderal como factor de riesgo de retinopatia de la prematuridad en recien nacidos de edad gestacional menor o igual a 32 semanas. Hospital belen …

B Sanchez, N Kerly - 2017

... atención inmediata del recién nacido.(42) Oxigenoterapia: Se consideró a la
administración de oxígeno con un FiO2 mayor o igual a 40%, a través de cánula nasal,
CPAP o ventilación mecánica. (20)(23) (21) Page 20. 13 Procedimiento ...

---

Αυτή η Ειδοποίηση του Μελετητή Google σας προσφέρεται από τη Google

Ακύρωση ειδοποίησης
Δημιουργία λίστας των ειδοποιήσεών μου