Clinical Outcomes of Nerve Transfers in Peroneal Nerve Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

J reconstr Microsurg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667047

Background Given the unsatisfactory outcomes with traditional treatments, there is growing interest in nerve transfers to reestablish ankle dorsiflexion in peroneal nerve palsy. The objective of this work was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the primary literature to assess the effectiveness of nerve transfer surgery in restoring ankle dorsiflexion in patients with peroneal nerve palsy. Methods Methodology was registered with PROSPERO, and PRISMA guidelines were followed. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched. English studies investigating outcomes of nerve transfers in peroneal nerve palsy were included. Two reviewers completed screening and extraction. Methodological quality was evaluated with Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Literature search identified 108 unique articles. Following screening, 14 full-text articles were reviewed. Four retrospective case series met inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Overall, 41 patients underwent nerve transfer for peroneal nerve palsy. The mean age of the patients was 36.1 years, mean time to surgery was 6.3 months, and the mean follow-up period was 19.0 months. Donor nerve was either tibial (n = 36) or superficial peroneal branches/fascicles (n = 5). Recipient nerve was either deep peroneal (n = 24) or tibialis anterior branch (n = 17). Postoperative ankle dorsiflexion strength demonstrated a bimodal distribution with a mean Medical Research Council of 2.1. There were no significant differences in dorsiflexion strength between injury sites (p = 0.491), injury mechanisms (p = 0.125), donor (p = 0.066), or recipient nerves (p = 0.496). There were no significant correlations between dorsiflexion strength and patient age (p = 0.094) or time to surgery (p = 0.493). Conclusions There is variability in dorsiflexion strength following nerve transfer in peroneal nerve palsy, whereby there appear to be responders and non-responders. Further studies are needed to better define appropriate patient selection and the role of nerve transfers in the management of peroneal nerve palsy.
[...]

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Sex Differences in the Occurrence of Major Clinical Events in Elderly People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Followed up in the General Practice

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes
DOI: 10.1055/a-0662-5923

Aims The main aim of the present work was to assess if sex influences the occurrence of major clinical events in elderly people with type 2 diabetes followed up in the primary care. Methods 983 subjects aged ≥65years with type 2 diabetes were included by 213 general practitioners and followed up prospectively for three years. Major clinical events were recorded every six month. The first endpoint was a composite of all-cause death and major vascular events (acute coronary syndrome, non-fatal stroke or transient ischemic attack, or revascularization for peripheral artery disease). The second endpoint was all-cause hospitalization. The occurrence of each endpoint was analyzed in order to estimate the role of sex and determine other predictors of major clinical events. Results At baseline, women were older than men but they had a lower prevalence of coexisting diseases (cardiovascular disease and cancer) and equivalent diabetes control (Glycated hemoglobin A1C: 6.9%±0.9 vs. 7.0%±1.1). Over the follow-up period, women were at lower risk to develop the composite endpoint (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.40-0.91, p=0.016) and the hospitalization endpoint (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.96, p=0.029). Coexisting diseases, functional ability and concomitant medications emerged as significant predictors of both endpoints. Conclusions Elderly women with well-controlled type 2 diabetes were less likely to experience major clinical events than their male counterparts. More studies are needed to determine the reasons for the higher hospitalization rate in men.
[...]

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Article in Thieme eJournals:
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Correction: The Abdominal Aortic Intima-Media Thickness Increases in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes
DOI: 10.1055/a-0697-6549

[...]

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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High PAH degradation and activity of degrading bacteria during alfalfa growth where a contrasted active community developed in comparison to unplanted soil

Abstract

PAH biodegradation in plant rhizosphere has been investigated in many studies, but the timescale of degradation and degrading bacteria activity was rarely considered. We explored the impact of plants on the temporal variability of PAH degradation, microbial abundance, activity, and bacterial community structure in a rhizotron experiment. A historically contaminated soil was spiked with PAHs, planted or not with alfalfa, over 22 days with sampling once a week. In both conditions, most of the spiked PAHs were dissipated during the first week, conducting to polar polycyclic aromatic compound production and to decreased richness and diversity of bacterial communities. We showed a rapid impact of the rhizosphere on PAH degradation via the increased activity of PAH-degrading bacteria. After 12 days, PAH degradation was significantly higher in the planted (100% degradation) than in unplanted (70%) soil. Gram-negative (Proteobacteria) PAH-dioxygenase genes and transcripts were higher in planted than unplanted soil and were correlated to the spiked PAH degradation. Conversely, Gram-positive (Actinobacteria) PAH-dioxygenase gene transcription was constant over time in both conditions. At 12 days, plant growth favored the activity of many Gammaproteobacteria (Pseudomonadaceae, Stenotrophomonas, and Acinetobacter) while in unplanted soil Alphaproteobacteria (Sphingomonadaceae, Sphingobium, and Magnetospirillum) and Actinobacteria (Iamia, Geodermatophilaceae, and Solirubrobacterales) were more active.

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Considerable radioactivity levels in the granitic rocks of the central areas of the Eastern Desert, Egypt

Abstract

The distribution of the natural radioisotopes ²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K in addition to their radiological parameters in granitic rock samples from five different localities (Gebel El-Missikat, Gebel El-Gidamy, Gebel Ria El-Garra, Gebel El-Aradiya, and Gebel Kab Amira) in the central area of the Eastern Desert, Egypt, was measured using high purity germanium (HPGe) detector-based γ-spectrometry. The average activity concentrations of ²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K in all five studied areas are higher than the corresponding global average values. The highest average activity concentrations of ²³⁸U and ²²⁶Ra were observed in Gebel El-Missikat, whereas the highest average value of ²³²Th activity concentration was found at Gebel El-Gidamy, and the highest concentration of ⁴⁰K was obtained at Gebel El-Aradiya. The radiological hazard parameters radium equivalent (Ra_eq), external hazard index (H_ex), internal hazard index (H_in), absorbed dose rate (ADR), annual effective dose rate (AEDR) outdoors, annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE), and excess lifetime cancer risks (ELCR) were calculated to assess the radiation hazards associated with the rock samples. The average values of these parameters are higher than the recommended reference levels. The obtained data provide a valuable future database for estimating the impact of radioactive contamination in the studied area and in the places where the rocks are used.

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3D Printing of Structured Nanotitania Catalysts: A Novel Binder-Free and Low-Temperature Chemical Sintering Method

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, Ahead of Print.


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Hybrid Additive Manufacturing System for Zonal Plasma-Treated Scaffolds

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, Ahead of Print.


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Removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution by biochar derived from rice straw

Abstract

Antibiotic pollution has drawn considerable attention and the removal of antibiotic from water is crucial. In the present study, biochars were produced from rice straw under different pyrolytic temperatures of 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C (RSBC300, RSBC500, and RSBC700, respectively). The biochars were used to remove tetracycline (TC) from aqueous solution and the influence of different experimental conditions on TC removal was investigated. The results showed that the order of adsorption was as follows: RSBC700 > RSBC500 > RSBC300. A pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model described the adsorption process of TC on biochars. Maximum adsorption capacity could reach 50.72 mg g⁻¹ at 35 °C based on Langmuir fitting. Initial pH of the solution had little influence on TC removal. The inhibitory effect of Ca²⁺ on TC removal was greater than that of Na⁺. High system temperature was beneficial for TC removal. Minerals in RSBC500 affected TC removal and minerals in RSBC300 and RSBC700 had little influence on TC removal. TC removal rate decreased from 58.86 to 27.84% when the minerals were removed from RSBC500. The main mechanism involved in high-temperature biochar and TC adsorption included EDA π-π interactions and electrostatic interactions. Therefore, high-temperature biochar derived from rice straw has the potential to act as an adsorbent to remove tetracycline from aqueous solution.

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Mitteilungen DGKFO

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Mitteilungen DGKFO

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Un-segregated waste disposal: an alarming threat of antimicrobials in surface and ground water sources in Delhi

Abstract

Exposure of active pharmaceutical compounds (APCs) to the environment during human use is of potential importance in the emergence of drug resistance, changing soil microbiota and their residual effect on living organisms. Thus, this study aimed to assess the extent of exposure of APCs in the hydrologic cycle in and around New Delhi. This study analyzed the presence of 28 drugs from different classes in the surface water (river Yamuna) and aquifers collected from 48 places in Delhi (within the radius of 40 km). The collected water samples were quantified for APCs content using LC-MS/MS. This study revealed that aquifers are extensively affected in most areas based on the accumulation of APCs in water resources to the levels > 0.01 μg/L. Interestingly, a geographical plot of total APCs studied indicated clustering in aquifers with such high levels closer to an unscientific landfill. This 30-year-old un-segregated landfill is found to drain leachate into surface water that had high APCs. This study further revealed that apart from therapeutic usage, the main source of ecological exposure could be due to the disposal of unused and expired pharmaceutical compounds into landfills. For the first time, this study revealed the existence of antimicrobial agents and other APCs in the aquifers of Delhi with levels > 0.1 μg/L, which is a matter of serious concern in terms of multi-drug resistance and other environmental perils. This study warrants the enforcement of regulations for the disposal of unused/expired APCs in high-density population areas.

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Scholar : Autophagy, Volume 14, Issue 8, 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content Autophagy, Volume 14, Issue 8, 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online. This new issue contains the following articles: Editor's Corner Plasmodium protein UIS3 protects the parasite from autophagy clearance Zhiyuan Yao & Daniel J. Klionsky Pages: 1291-1292 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1483671 Research Paper - Basic Science Mitochondrial protein import regulates cytosolic protein homeostasis and neuronal integrity Wei Liu, Xiuying Duan, Xuefei Fang, Weina Shang & Chao Tong Pages: 1293-1309 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474991 Transcription factor NFE2L2/NRF2 modulates chaperone-mediated autophagy through the regulation of LAMP2A | Marta Pajares, Ana I Rojo, Esperanza Arias, Antonio Díaz-Carretero, Ana María Cuervo & Antonio Cuadrado Pages: 1310-1322 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474992 Brief Report - Basic Science Carbon nanotubes, but not spherical nanoparticles, block autophagy by a shape-related targeting of lysosomes in murine macrophages Vanessa Cohignac, Marion Julie Landry, Audrey Ridoux, Mathieu Pinault, Balasubramanyam Annangi, Adèle Gerdil, Nathalie Herlin-Boime, Martine Mayne, Masatake Haruta, Patrice Codogno, Jorge Boczkowski, Jean-Claude Pairon & Sophie Lanone Pages: 1323-1334 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474993 Research Paper - Basic Science Peritumoral monocytes induce cancer cell autophagy to facilitate the progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma Dong-Ping Chen, Wan-Ru Ning, Xue-Feng Li, Yuan Wei, Xiang-Ming Lao, Jun-Cheng Wang, Yan Wu & Limin Zheng Pages: 1335-1346 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474994 Inhibition of TRAF6 ubiquitin-ligase activity by PRDX1 leads to inhibition of NFKB activation and autophagy activation Yoon Min, Mi-Jeong Kim, Sena Lee, Eunyoung Chun & Ki-Young Lee Pages: 1347-1358 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474995 Induction of a Na+/K+-ATPase-dependent form of autophagy triggers preferential cell death of human immunodeficiency virus type-1-infected macrophages Gang Zhang, Brian T. Luk, Morcel Hamidy, Liangfang Zhang & Stephen A. Spector Pages: 1359-1375 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1476014 Suppression of autophagy and HCK signaling promotes PTGS2high FCGR3− NK cell differentiation triggered by ectopic endometrial stromal cells Jie Mei, Wen-Jie Zhou, Xiao-Yong Zhu, Han Lu, Ke Wu, Hui-Li Yang, Qiang Fu, Chun-Yan Wei, Kai-Kai Chang, Li-Ping Jin, Jian Wang, Yong-Ming Wang, Da-Jin Li & Ming-Qing Li Pages: 1376-1397 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1476809 Brief Report - Basic Science Cryptic exon splicing function of TARDBP interacts with autophagy in nervous tissue Pascual Torres, Omar Ramírez-Núñez, Ricardo Romero-Guevara, Gisel Barés, Ana B. Granado-Serrano, Victòria Ayala, Jordi Boada, Laia Fontdevila, Monica Povedano, Daniel Sanchís, Reinald Pamplona, Isidro Ferrer & Manuel Portero-Otín Pages: 1398-1403 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474311 Research Paper - Translational Age- and disease-dependent increase of the mitophagy marker phospho-ubiquitin in normal aging and Lewy body disease | Xu Hou, Fabienne C. Fiesel, Dominika Truban, Monica Castanedes Casey, Wen-lang Lin, Alexandra I. Soto, Pawel Tacik, Linda G. Rousseau, Nancy N. Diehl, Michael G. Heckman, Oswaldo Lorenzo-Betancor, Isidre Ferrer, José M. Arbelo, John C. Steele, Matthew J. Farrer, Mario Cornejo-Olivas, Luis Torres, Ignacio F. Mata, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Zbigniew K. Wszolek, Owen A. Ross, Melissa E. Murray, Dennis W. Dickson & Wolfdieter Springer Pages: 1404-1418 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1461294 Trehalose reduces retinal degeneration, neuroinflammation and storage burden caused by a lysosomal hydrolase deficiency | Parisa Lotfi, Dennis Y. Tse, Alberto Di Ronza, Michelle L. Seymour, Giuseppe Martano, Jonathan D. Cooper, Fred A. Pereira, Maria Passafaro, Samuel M. Wu & Marco Sardiello Pages: 1419-1434 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474313 Resource Chloroquine inhibits autophagic flux by decreasing autophagosome-lysosome fusion Mario Mauthe, Idil Orhon, Cecilia Rocchi, Xingdong Zhou, Morten Luhr, Kerst-Jan Hijlkema, Robert P. Coppes, Nikolai Engedal, Muriel Mari & Fulvio Reggiori Pages: 1435-1455 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474314 Commentary Atg9 proteins, not so different after all Christian Ungermann & Fulvio Reggiori Pages: 1456-1459 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1477382 Autophagic Punctum Epithelial autophagy controls chronic colitis by reducing TNF-induced apoptosis | Johanna Pott & Kevin J. Maloy Pages: 1460-1461 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1450021 Commentary LC3-associated phagocytosis initiated by integrin ITGAM-ITGB2/Mac-1 enhances immunity to Listeria monocytogenes Marc Herb, Alexander Gluschko & Michael Schramm Pages: 1462-1464 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1475816 Anti- and pro-microbial roles of autophagy in plant-bacteria interactions Suayib Üstün & Daniel Hofius Pages: 1465-1466 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1475817 FOXO3 links autophagy to apoptosis Brent E. Fitzwalter & Andrew Thorburn Pages: 1467-1468 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1475819 Oh, SNAP! How enteroviruses redirect autophagic traffic away from degradation Abigail K. Corona, Yasir Mohamud, William T. Jackson & Honglin Luo Pages: 1469-1471 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1480849 Revisiting LAMP1 as a marker for degradative autophagy-lysosomal organelles in the nervous system Xiu-Tang Cheng, Yu-Xiang Xie, Bing Zhou, Ning Huang, Tamar Farfel-Becker & Zu-Hang Sheng Pages: 1472-1474 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1482147 Phagophores evolve from recycling endosomes Claudia Puri, Mariella Vicinanza & David C. Rubinsztein Pages: 1475-1477 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1482148 Corrigendum Corrigendum Pages: 1478-1478 | DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1479052 To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. Unsubscribe from new content alerts for this journal (both new issue and latest article notifications) with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Scholar : Sociological Spectrum, Volume 38, Issue 3, 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content Sociological Spectrum, Volume 38, Issue 3, 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online. This new issue contains the following articles: Articles Very Few People Say "No Whites": Gay Men of Color and the Racial Politics of Desire Chong-suk Han & Kyung-Hee Choi Pages: 145-161 | DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2018.1469444 Is It the Government's Responsibility to Reduce Income Inequality? An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Public Opinion toward Redistributive Policy in the United States, 1978 to 2016 Ya-Feng Lin, Yoshinori Kamo & Tim Slack Pages: 162-173 | DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2018.1469443 Original Article Reliably Republican? Shifts in U.S. Veterans' Political Party Affiliation from 1974 to 2016 Steven L. Foy & Salvatore J. Restifo Pages: 174-193 | DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2018.1469445 Articles Rational Choice Theory or Pretense? The Claims, Equivalences, and Analogies of the "Economic Approach to Human Behavior" Milan Zafirovski Pages: 194-222 | DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2018.1469446 To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. Unsubscribe from new content alerts for this journal (both new issue and latest article notifications) with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT in Medullary Thyroid Cancer

Condition:   Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Intervention:   Diagnostic Test: 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT
Sponsors:   University Medical Centre Ljubljana;   Institute of Oncology Ljubljana
Recruiting

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M6620 Plus Standard Treatment in Oesophageal and Other Cancer

Conditions:   Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma;   Squamous Cell Carcinoma;   Solid Tumor
Interventions:   Drug: M6620;   Drug: Cisplatin;   Drug: Capecitabine;   Radiation: Radiotherapy
Sponsors:   University of Oxford;   Merck KGaA
Not yet recruiting

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ATR Kinase Inhibitor M6620 and Irinotecan in Treating Patients With Progressive, Metastatic, or Unresectable TP53 Mutant Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer

Conditions:   Clinical Stage III Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Clinical Stage III Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Clinical Stage IV Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Clinical Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Clinical Stage IVA Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Clinical Stage IVA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Clinical Stage IVB Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Clinical Stage IVB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma;   Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma;   Pathologic Stage III Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage III Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage IIIA Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage IIIA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage IIIB Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage IIIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage IIIC Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage IV Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage IVA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Pathologic Stage IVB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage III Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage III Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IV Gastric Cancer AJCC v8;   Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8;   TP53 Gene Mutation;   Unresectable Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
Interventions:   Drug: ATR Kinase Inhibitor M6620;   Drug: Irinotecan
Sponsor:   National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Not yet recruiting

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Contaminated or dirty wound operations and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization during hospitalization may be risk factors for surgical site infection in neonatal surgical patients.

Related Articles

Contaminated or dirty wound operations and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization during hospitalization may be risk factors for surgical site infection in neonatal surgical patients.

Pediatr Surg Int. 2018 Aug 20;:

Authors: Inoue M, Uchida K, Ichikawa T, Nagano Y, Matsushita K, Koike Y, Okita Y, Toiyama Y, Araki T, Kusunoki M

Abstract
PURPOSE: Establishment of evidence-based best practices for preventing surgical site infection (SSI) in neonates is needed. SSI in neonates, especially those with a low birth weight, is potentially life-threatening. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with SSI in neonates.
METHODS: A retrospective review was performed using 2007-2016 admission data from our institution. Neonatal patients who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and underwent surgery were evaluated for a relationship between development of SSI and perinatal or perioperative factors and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization during hospitalization.
RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-one patients were enrolled in this study. Overall SSI incidence was 8.8%. Univariate analysis showed that SSI was significantly more frequent in both patients with contaminated or dirty wound operations and patients with MRSA colonization during hospitalization. Both of these factors were identified as independent risk factors for SSI by multivariate analysis [hazard ratio (HR): 6.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-19.9; HR: 3.3, 95% CI 1.1-10.4, respectively].
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified contaminated or dirty wound operations and MRSA colonization during hospitalization as risk factors for SSI in neonates. MRSA colonization may be a preventable factor, unlike previously reported risk factors.

PMID: 30128702 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Scholar : These new articles for Contemporary Music Review are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Contemporary Music Review and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Articles A Tale of Two Tributes: Bowie Remembered at the Grammys and the Brit Awards Kat Nelligan & Liz Giuffre Pages: 1-22 | DOI: 10.1080/07494467.2018.1507355 Lonely Starmen, Young Americans, and China Girls: David Bowie's Critical Sexualities Nadav Appel Pages: 1-21 | DOI: 10.1080/07494467.2018.1507351 To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. Unsubscribe from new content alerts for this journal (both new issue and latest article notifications) with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Expected Fate of Radiofrequency Lesioning: A Silent Death or a Cold-Blooded Murder

Stereotact Funct Neurosurg

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Black race and distant recurrence after neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer

Abstract

Black race compared to white race is associated with more advanced stage and biologically aggressive breast cancer. Consequently, black patients are more frequently treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) than white patients. However, it is unclear how distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) of black patients treated with NAC, compares to DRFS of black patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (AC). We evaluated the association between race, distant recurrence, and type of chemotherapy (AC or NAC) in localized or locally advanced breast cancer. We evaluated DRFS in 807 patients, including 473 black, 252 white, 56 Hispanic, and 26 women of other or mixed race. The association between AC or NAC and DRFS was examined using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models that included race, age, stage, estrogen receptor (ER) and triple negative (TN) status. When the black and white subjects were pooled for the analysis the features associated with worse DRFS included stage III disease and age < 50 years, but not ER-negative disease, TN disease, the use of NAC, or black race. However, in the analysis stratified by race NAC was associated with worse DRFS compared to AC in black (HR 2.70; 95% CI 1.73–4.22; p < 0.0001), but not in white women (HR 1.29, 95% CI 0.56–2.95; p = 0.36). Black patients treated with NAC had worse DRFS than black patients treated with AC, or white patients treated with either NAC or AC. These findings need to be validated in a large-scale observational study and the effect of NAC on the breast cancer microenvironment in black women needs to be further evaluated.

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Evaluation of a dry filter for dust removal under laboratory conditions in comparison to practical use at a laying hen barn

Abstract

The high amount of particulate matter from poultry houses in the exhaust air, especially at different types of laying hen barns, is the main challenge farmers are faced with concerning emissions. As a possibility for the mitigation of particulate matter in the outgoing air, a dry filter based on the principle of centrifugal force was investigated under laboratory and field conditions. Aerosol spectrometers were used for continuous measurements in raw and clean gas. Field experiments took place under summer and winter conditions, so that filter efficiency under different climate conditions could be compared and measurement values at the barn were continuously collected over 24-h periods. Data collected under laboratory conditions showed a high efficiency of the dry filter, whereas results of the field experiments differed in each size fraction of the particulate matter. These differences may be explained by the fact that under laboratory conditions, better circumstances for correct measuring were created, e.g., laminar flow of the air.

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Profiling of heavy metal and pesticide residues in medicinal plants

Abstract

Application of medicinal plant to cure ailments has been practiced by several civilizations. Nowadays, contamination of heavy metals and pesticide residues in medicinal plant is a serious concern, due to toxic effects on human health. The present study was designed with an aim to quantify the heavy metals and pesticide residues in the 20 medicinal herbs, frequently sold in the local market as raw material without any quality assurance. The concentrations of the elements are as follows: copper (2.42–19.14 μgg⁻¹), cadmium (0.01–2.10 μgg⁻¹), chromium (17.63–58.63 μgg⁻¹), iron (7.61–322.6 μgg⁻¹), and lead (13.00–54.47 μgg⁻¹), whereas total metal concentration ranged between 44.73 and 385.15 μgg⁻¹. Among the organic pesticides, HCH (1.63–6.44 μgg⁻¹) and DDT (0.63–7.14 μgg⁻¹) isomers were found to be present in medicinal plant material. Result showed that lead and chromium concentrations in the herbs were above the permissible limits set by WHO. These herbs should be regularly checked for quality assurance before using raw or as a herbal formulation to avoid chronic exposure of metal and pesticides to human being.

https://ift.tt/2LfRCbo

Photocatalytic degradation of azo dye using core@shell nano-TiO 2 particles to reduce toxicity

Abstract

Clean and safe water is fundamental for human and environmental health. Traditional remediation of textile dye-polluted water with chemical, physical, and biological processes has many disadvantages. Due to this, nano-engineered materials are drawing more attention to this area. However, the widespread use of nano-particles for this purpose may lead to photocatalytic degradation of xenobiotics, while increasing the risk of nano-particle-induced ecotoxicity. Therefore, we comparatively evaluated the toxicity of novel synthesized core@shell TiO₂ and SiO₂ nano-particles to embryonic stages of Danio rerio and Xenopus laevis. The ability of photocatalytic destruction of the synthesized nano-particles was tested using toxic azo dye, disperse red 65, and the effects of reducing the toxicity were evaluated. The reflux process was used to synthesize catalysts in the study. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, BET surface area, and UV–vis-diffuse reflectance spectra. It was determined that the synthesized nano-particles had no significant toxic effect on D. rerio and X. laevis embryos. On the other hand, photocatalytic degradation of the dye significantly reduced lethal effects on embryonic stages of the organisms. Therefore, we suggest that specific nano-particles may be useful for water remediation to prevent human health and environmental impact. However, further risk assessment should be conducted for the ecotoxicological risks of nano-particles spilled in aquatic environments and the relationship of photocatalytic interaction with nano-particles and xenobiotics.

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Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, Volume 17, Issue 4, Page 577-577, August 2018.


https://ift.tt/2N7J203

Issue Information

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, Volume 17, Issue 4, Page 569-569, August 2018.


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