Emergence of recombinant norovirus GII.12[P16] and predominance of GII.3[P12] strains in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2019‐2020

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Emergence of recombinant norovirus GII.12[P16] and predominance of GII.3[P12] strains in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2019‐2020 via Journal of Medical Virology ABSTRACT Norovirus (NoV) and sapovirus (SaV) are important pathogens that cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in all age groups, commonly in children worldwide. Recently, a number of studies have reported a wide variety of NoV recombinant strains. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of NoV and SaV recombinant strains circulating in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2019-2020. One hundred and twenty-four NoV and seven SaV strains detected in children admitted to the hospital with AGE were included in this study. The partial RdRp/VP1 regions of these NoV and SaV strains were analyzed by phylogenetic analysis, Simplot and RDP softwares. Overall, eight recombination patterns of NoV were detected. NoV GII.4[P16] was the most common strain detected (39.1%), followed by GII.3[P12] (25.0%), GII.4[P31] (17.2%), and other recombinant strains were detected at lower rate. NoV GII.12[P16] strains were detected for the first time in Thailand. For SaV, none of the recombinant strains was detected. All SaV strains, GI.1/GI.1, GI.2/GI.2, and GII.5/GII.5, exhibited VP1 genotype corresponded to RdRp genotype. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the distribution and diversity of NoV and SaV recombinant strains circulating in pediatric patients with AGE in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2019-2020 with the emergence of NoV GII.3[P12] and GII.12[P16]. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Cardiovascular toxicities with pediatric tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy: An analysis of adverse events reported to the Food and Drug Administration

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Cardiovascular toxicities with pediatric tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy: An analysis of adverse events reported to the Food and Drug Administration via Pediatric Blood & Cancer Abstract We sought to examine cardiovascular toxicities associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in pediatrics. We examined 1624 pediatric adverse events with imatinib, dasatinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, crizotinib, and ruxolitinib reported to the Food and Drug Administration between January 1, 2015, and August 14, 2020. There were 102 cardiovascular event reports. Hypertension was the most commonly reported cardiovascular event and was most frequently associated with sorafenib and pazopanib. The presence of infection increased the reporting odds of cardiovascular events overall and specifically cardiac arrest, heart failure, and hypertension. These data provide early insight into cardiovascular toxicities with tyrosine kinase inhibitor use in pediatrics. View on Web

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Dental implant failure rates with low insertion torque with a nonsubmerged surgical approach: A retrospective clinical study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Dental implant failure rates with low insertion torque with a nonsubmerged surgical approach: A retrospective clinical study via Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research Abstract Background It is currently unclear if a low insertion torque (IT) should prompt a clinician to submerge the dental implant at time of placement. Purpose This study aimed to analyze implant failure rates and marginal bone loss (MBL) as a function of IT and surgical approach. Materials and Methods A total of 197 patients who had received 295 Mozo Grau (MG) implants were included in this study. The healing of submerged or nonsubmerged implants was evaluated in regular IT (≥20–25 Ncm) or low IT (<20–25 Ncm) cases. Implant failure and MBL were evaluated before prosthesis placement and at 6 and 12 months after functional loading with generalized estimating equations. Results The overall 12-month implant failure rate was 4.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.7%–8.2%). When successful at 12 months, dental implants placed with low IT and nonsubmerging had the same MBL as implants dental implants placed with other approaches (mean difference = −0.02 mm; 95% CI −0.05 to 0.02). Low IT combined with nonsubmerging of the dental implant was associated with a 30-fold increased odds for dental implant failure (95% CI: 3.8–236.6). Conclusion low IT and nonsubmerged healing was associated with a high failure rate. View on Web

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The Effect of Hyperosmolar Water-Soluble Contrast for the Management of Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The Effect of Hyperosmolar Water-Soluble Contrast for the Management of Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis via Annals of Surgery - Most Popular Articles Objective: To better understand the efficacy of water-soluble contrast (WSC) in the treatment of adhesive small bowel obstruction (SBO). Background: Guidelines recommend using WSC to treat adhesive SBO nonoperatively by acting as a cathartic agent. The evidence supporting this practice is mixed. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of published articles describing the effect of WSC compared with control treatments was performed for the period of January 1, 1990 to November 1, 2021. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias and the Newcastle-Ottawa tools. The therapeutic effect of WSC was assessed by operative rates and hospital length of stay (HLOS) in nonsurgical patients. Results: The initial search yielded 4879 articles, of which, 28 were selected for full text review. We identified 11 eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which included 817 patients and 9 observational studies of 3944 patients. HLOS in nonsurgical patients decreased by 1.95 days (95% confidence interval: 0.56–3.3) in the RCTs and could not be assessed in the observational studies. WSC did not significantly affect operative rates in the RCTs (19.8% vs. 21.4%) but did reduce rates in the observational studies (11% vs. 16%, risk ratio: 0.56, 95% confidence interval: 0.39–0.82). Conclusion: WSC studies may reduce HLOS for patients who have SBO and do not require surgery. However, the current literature is heterogenous with considerable design limitations. High-quality RCTs are needed using standardized protocols to determine the full benefit of WSC for the management of SBO. View on Web

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