Current Status of HDAC Inhibitors in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma

Abstract

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphomas that are characterized by primary skin involvement. Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS), the two most common subtypes of CTCL, can be difficult to manage clinically as there are few effective treatment options available. Recently, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have emerged as promising therapies with favorable adverse effect profiles, compared with traditional chemotherapies. In this article, we review the published literature to evaluate the role of HDACi in the treatment of CTCL. Specifically, we (1) briefly discuss the molecular rationale for the use of HDACi in CTCL; (2) compare the efficacy, tolerability, and adverse effects of HDACi; (3) review the cardiac safety data; and (4) discuss optimization of therapy with HDACi in the treatment of CTCL.

https://ift.tt/2C9ywnZ

Pediatric Onychophagia: A Survey-Based Study of Prevalence, Etiologies, and Co-Morbidities

Abstract

Background

Onychophagia, defined as habitual nail biting, is a common disorder affecting 6–45% of the population and is more prevalent in children.

Objectives

Our primary objective was to determine the prevalence of nail biting in the pediatric population. Secondary objectives were to assess the presence of psychiatric co-morbidities associated with nail biting, and the effect of treatment on nail biting.

Methods

An anonymous voluntary survey was administered to participants at an outpatient academic pediatric clinic at Weill Cornell Medicine. Age, sex, psychiatric diagnosis, treatment sought, family history, and frequency of nail biting were analyzed across 282 enrolled patients aged 3–21 years. One patient was subsequently excluded due to incomplete data.

Results

Of 281 patients, 101 (37%) reported past or present nail biting lasting more than a month. Median age of onset was 5 years old (range 1–13 years). A significantly higher percentage of biters (18%; 19/104) than non-biters (6%; 11/177) were diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder (p < 0.01). Amongst biters, concurrent fingernail and toenail involvement was much less common (12%; 12/104) than that of fingernails alone (88%; 92/104). However, the ratio of fingernail and toenail biters to fingernail biters alone was greater in those with psychiatric diagnosis (0.36) than without (0.09) (p = 0.07).

Conclusions

Our study highlights behavioral patterns as well as familial, psychiatric, and other factors associated with pediatric nail biting. Familiarity with such factors, the clinical presentation of onychophagia, and available treatment options may aid in reducing its severity in affected patients and overall prevalence.

https://ift.tt/2PYzKVZ

Cutaneous Infections Due to Nontuberculosis Mycobacterium: Recognition and Management

Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a diverse group of organisms that are ubiquitous in the environment, and the incidence of cutaneous infections due to NTM has been steadily increasing. Cutaneous infections due to NTM can be difficult to diagnose, due to their wide spectrum of clinical presentations and histopathological findings that are often nonspecific. A variety of modalities including tissue culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays may be necessary to identify the organism. Treatment can also be challenging, as it can depend on multiple factors, including the causative organism, the patient's immunological status, and the extent of disease involvement. In this review, we discuss the common presentations of cutaneous NTM infections, diagnostic tools, and treatment recommendations. A multi-disciplinary approach that involves good communication between the clinician, the histopathologist, the microbiologist, and infectious disease specialists can help lead to successful diagnosis and management.

https://ift.tt/2Ca9DIS

Major Comorbidities of Atopic Dermatitis: Beyond Allergic Disorders

Abstract

The consequences of atopic dermatitis reach beyond the skin and past childhood. Patients with atopic dermatitis are at risk of developing allergic comorbidities, but less is known about the associations between atopic dermatitis and non-allergic conditions. Understanding these non-allergic comorbidities has the potential to improve patient outcomes and to help mitigate the cost and burdens associated with these conditions. Atopic dermatitis is associated with cutaneous bacterial infections, more severe forms/courses of cutaneous viral infections, and extra-cutaneous infections. Atopic dermatitis is also associated with several mental health comorbidities particularly attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, and depression. Data are largely inconsistent for specific cancers, but atopic dermatitis appears to protect against malignancy overall; severe long-term atopic dermatitis is associated with adult lymphomas. Atopic dermatitis may also be associated with obesity, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disease, particularly alopecia areata and gastrointestinal immune-mediated disorders. Although the causative mechanisms underlying these associations are poorly understood, treating physicians should be aware of associations in seeking to alleviate the burden for patients with atopic dermatitis.

https://ift.tt/2NajrGZ

A Comprehensive Conceptual Model of the Experience of Chronic Itch in Adults

Abstract

Background

Itch is common and often debilitating. Itch is best assessed by self-report, often using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Current PROMs for itch are limited and may not capture its full impact on quality of life (QOL).

Objective

We sought to develop a comprehensive conceptual model of itch to improve the understanding of itch for clinicians and to serve as a framework for development of efficient and valid PROMs of itch.

Methods

Using mixed methods, including systematic review (n = 491 articles), semi-structured interviews (n = 33 adults with chronic itch with multiple etiologies), and grounded theory using a constant comparative approach, we developed a conceptual model of itch.

Results

We found the Wilson and Cleary model to be a reasonable framework for organizing our findings. It includes five primary components: biological and physiological variables, symptom status, functional status, general health perceptions, and QOL. We propose a causal relationship beginning with the biological and physiological driving factors, with direct and indirect impacts of itch and its sequelae, including pain and sleep disturbance. These can impair function, lead to task avoidance, stigma, social life and relationship problems, emotional disturbances, and treatment burden. Together, these sequelae alter one's perceptions of health, QOL, and treatment response.

Conclusions

Our conceptual model demonstrates the profound patient-burden of itch and identifies unmet needs in the evaluation and management of itch.

https://ift.tt/2NHRzXF

Incidence of and Risk Factors for Cutaneous Scarring after Herpes Zoster

Abstract

Background

About 20% of children have cutaneous scars following chickenpox. In contrast, skin scars are not often reported after herpes zoster (HZ). Risk factors for post-HZ scarring remain undetermined.

Objective

Our objective was to prospectively study the incidence of and risk factors for post-HZ scarring.

Methods

This was a 3-year prospective study of patients with HZ attending a tertiary university hospital. Baseline data, including age, sex, immunosuppression, prior history of scarring, severity and extension of HZ, afflicted HZ dermatome, and antiviral treatment received, were recorded. At 1 month after the HZ skin lesions had healed, patients were screened for skin scars at the prior HZ site. These patients were followed every 2 months for 6 months.

Results

At 6 months, 11 (9.7%) of 113 HZ patients still had post-HZ scarring (fair-skinned patients: hypopigmented [n = 3], hyperpigmented [n = 2], atrophic cicatricial [n = 3], and hypertrophic cicatricial [n = 1]; dark-skinned patients: severe hyperpigmented hypertrophic scarring [n = 2]). HZ was extensive and severe in all cases. Nine of the 11 patients were immunocompromised. Three cases had a history of hypertrophic/keloid scarring but no post-varicella scars. The most frequent location was the trunk (n = 5), followed by the cervical region (n = 3) and the face (n = 3). Given the study setting, it is possible that immunocompromized patients with severe HZ were overrepresented in this study.

Conclusions

Scarring after HZ is probably overlooked. The principal risk factors seem to be severe HZ and immunosuppression. Hence, prompt instigation of antiviral treatment for HZ and HZ vaccination could help reduce the incidence of post-HZ scarring.

https://ift.tt/2PYzshR

Reinforcement of barrier function – skin repair formulations to deliver physiological lipids into skin

International Journal of Cosmetic Science, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.


https://ift.tt/2PoktN5

Consensus research priorities for facial palsy: a Delphi survey of patients, carers, clinicians and researchers

Despite the potential negative impact of facial palsy, major gaps in understanding persist surrounding the treatment and care of those affected. This collaborative three-round Delphi process aimed to identify priorities for future facial palsy research, from the perspective of clinicians, researchers, patients and carers. It also determined whether the research priorities of patients and carers aligned with those of health professionals and researchers.In Round one participants (n=85) were asked to generate research questions via focus groups or an online or postal survey.

https://ift.tt/2NHs5cX

Effect of iron plaque and selenium on mercury uptake and translocation in rice seedlings grown in solution culture

Abstract

A hydroponics experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of iron plaque on root surfaces and selenium (Se) on the uptake and transfer of mercury (Hg) in rice seedlings by adding in the EDTA-Fe (0, 10, 30, 50, 70 mg Fe l⁻¹) into the solution to produce a different amount of iron plaque outside rice root. After 24 h, the red-brown iron plaque was formed on the root surface, and the amount of iron plaques was positively correlated with the amount of Fe in the solution. The iron plaque deposited on the root surface has a strong adsorption effect on the inorganic Hg. The addition of Se could promote the adsorption of Hg²⁺ on the iron plaque of rice, and the introduction of Se could increase the adsorption capacity of Hg on iron plaque on average by 1.42 times. The Hg was extracted by DCB (Dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate) up to between 66.2 and 67.8% of the total Hg when the roots with iron plaque (Fe70) were incubated with the combination of 5 μmol L⁻¹ of HgCl₂ and 5 μmol L⁻¹ of Na₂SeO₃ for an hour. After 3 days, the content of Hg in the iron plaque decreased to 6.3–33.9%, indicating that part of the inorganic Hg adsorbed by the iron plaque could be reabsorbed and used. Besides that, the iron plaque allowed the Hg to stay longer in the iron plaque, which hindered the transfer of Hg to the shoot significantly. Hg adsorbed in the iron plaque can be desorbed by low-molecular-weight organic acids, which was equivalent to desorption of Hg from ferric hydroxide oxides. Hg adsorbed on the iron plaque can be moved back to the rest of the plant. These results suggest that the iron plaque and Se in the root surface might play a role as "physical buffer" in the absorption and transfer of Hg.

https://ift.tt/2ou34aj

Intraoperative intermittent neuromonitoring of inferior laryngeal nerve and staged thyroidectomy: our experience

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the reliability of intermittent intraoperative neuromonitoring (I-IONM) through recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) stimulation and laryngeal palpation in predicting postoperative vocal cord palsy and to examine the reliability of this technique in providing useful information in the decision to perform a staged surgery in initially planned total thyroidectomy.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent thyroid surgery at the ENT Department of the University of Bologna from January 2014 to June 2017. In all cases, preoperative and postoperative laryngoscopy was performed. All surgeries were conducted with I-IONM and RLN simultaneous laryngeal palpation (NSLP) to detect contraction (laryngeal twitch) of the posterior crico-arytenoid muscle. The incidence of vocal cord palsy was calculated for nerves at risk. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated with a confidence interval determined at 95% level.

Results

Seven hundred and sixteen patients were enrolled in the study. The incidence of vocal cord palsy was 3.16%. Specificity of I-IONM in predicting vocal cord paralysis was 99.1% and sensitivity was 90%. The NPV was 99.7% and PPV 78.3%. Two-stage thyroidectomy (ST) was performed in 22 cases (22/570: 3.85%). Six patients (27.3%) were false positive and 16 true positive (72.7%) at I-IONM.

Conclusion

High sensitivity and specificity values confirm the validity of I-IONM with NSLP in predicting postoperative normal vocal cord function. Our results confirm that I-IONM may safely guide an ST overall in benign thyroid diseases and in low-grade malignancies.

https://ift.tt/2otdO8X

Intraoperative intermittent neuromonitoring of inferior laryngeal nerve and staged thyroidectomy: our experience

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the reliability of intermittent intraoperative neuromonitoring (I-IONM) through recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) stimulation and laryngeal palpation in predicting postoperative vocal cord palsy and to examine the reliability of this technique in providing useful information in the decision to perform a staged surgery in initially planned total thyroidectomy.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent thyroid surgery at the ENT Department of the University of Bologna from January 2014 to June 2017. In all cases, preoperative and postoperative laryngoscopy was performed. All surgeries were conducted with I-IONM and RLN simultaneous laryngeal palpation (NSLP) to detect contraction (laryngeal twitch) of the posterior crico-arytenoid muscle. The incidence of vocal cord palsy was calculated for nerves at risk. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated with a confidence interval determined at 95% level.

Results

Seven hundred and sixteen patients were enrolled in the study. The incidence of vocal cord palsy was 3.16%. Specificity of I-IONM in predicting vocal cord paralysis was 99.1% and sensitivity was 90%. The NPV was 99.7% and PPV 78.3%. Two-stage thyroidectomy (ST) was performed in 22 cases (22/570: 3.85%). Six patients (27.3%) were false positive and 16 true positive (72.7%) at I-IONM.

Conclusion

High sensitivity and specificity values confirm the validity of I-IONM with NSLP in predicting postoperative normal vocal cord function. Our results confirm that I-IONM may safely guide an ST overall in benign thyroid diseases and in low-grade malignancies.

https://ift.tt/2otdO8X

ESR1-promoter-methylation status in primary breast cancer and its corresponding metastases

Abstract

The role of ESR1 methylation in breast cancer and its influence on disease progression is not yet fully understood. Healthy breast tissue usually does not show ESR1 promoter methylation, whereas the frequency of ESR1 methylation appears to increase in primary breast cancer and in metastatic disease. Although women with ER positive breast cancer have a good prognosis, some will relapse. We aimed to evaluate the methylation status of ESR1 in primary breast cancer and its corresponding metastases by a methylation-specific real-time PCR and to correlate the methylation status with clinical outcome. Women who were treated for primary and metastatic breast cancer were included in the study. Tumor DNA was isolated from paraffin embedded tissue sections. After bisulfite treatment ESR1 promoter methylation was analyzed by real time-MSP of each tissue sample. Kaplan–Meier–Curves were drawn for survival. In the group of patients with positive ESR1 promoter methylation in the primary breast carcinoma survival was lower compared to the group of patients without methylation (38.1 months vs. 54.3 months, n.s.). Seven out of 19 (37%) of those patients with positive ESR1 promoter methylation developed loss of ER expression in metastatic disease. None of the patients who had primary tumours that were ESR1 methylation negative developed ER expression negative metastatic disease. The results underline the importance of the ESR1 promoter methylation and its potential application as a predictive marker. To improve the clinical outcome of patients with metastatic disease, those with initially positive ESR1 methylation status should undergo a tissue biopsy already at the beginning of metastatic disease to identify those with loss of ER expression and thus resitance to anti-endocrine therapy.

https://ift.tt/2PVryWz

A group-level comparison of volumetric and combined volumetric-surface normalization for whole brain analyses of myelin and iron maps

Publication date: Available online 1 September 2018

Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Author(s): Antonietta Canna, Sara Ponticorvo, Andrea G. Russo, Renzo Manara, Francesco Di Salle, Renato Saponiero, Martina F. Callaghan, Nikolaus Weiskopf, Fabrizio Esposito

Abstract

Quantitative MRI (qMRI) provides surrogate brain maps of myelin and iron content. After spatial normalization to a common standard brain space, these may be used to detect altered myelination and iron accumulation in clinical populations. Here, volumetric and combined volumetric and surface-based (CVS) normalization were compared to identify which procedure would afford the greatest sensitivity to inter-regional differences (contrast), and the lowest inter-subject variability (under normal conditions), of myelin- and iron-related qMRI parameters, in whole-brain group-level studies.

Ten healthy volunteers were scanned twice at 3 Tesla. Three-dimensional T1-weighted, T2-weighted and multi-parametric mapping sequences for brain qMRI were used to map myelin and iron content over the whole brain. Parameter maps were spatially normalized using volumetric (DARTEL) and CVS procedures. Tissue probability weighting and isotropic Gaussian smoothing were integrated in DARTEL for voxel-based quantification (VBQ). Contrasts, coefficients of variations and sensitivity to detecting differences in the parameters were estimated in standard space for each approach on region of interest (ROI) and voxel-by-voxel bases.

The contrast between cortical and subcortical ROIs with respectively different myelin and iron content was higher following CVS, compared to DARTEL-VBQ, normalization. Across cortical voxels, the inter-individual variability of myelin and iron qMRI maps were comparable between CVS (with no smoothing) and DARTEL-VBQ (with smoothing).

CVS normalization of qMRI maps preserves higher myelin and iron contrast than DARTEL-VBQ over the entire brain, while exhibiting comparable variability in the cerebral cortex without extra smoothing. Thus, CVS may prove useful for detecting small microstructural differences in whole-brain group-level qMRI studies.

https://ift.tt/2oxmrPD

Characterization of prostate cancer with MR spectroscopic imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging at 3 Tesla

Publication date: Available online 31 August 2018

Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Author(s): Yousef Mazaheri, Amita Shukla-Dave, Debra A. Goldman, Chaya S. Moskowitz, Toshikazu Takeda, Victor E. Reuter, Oguz Akin, Hedvig Hricak

Abstract

Purpose

To retrospectively measure metabolic ratios and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values from 3-Tesla MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in benign and malignant peripheral zone (PZ) prostate tissue, assess the parameters' associations with malignancy, and develop and test rules for classifying benign and malignant PZ tissue using whole-mount step-section pathology as the reference standard.

Methods

This HIPAA-compliant, IRB-approved study included 67 men (median age, 61 years; range, 41–74 years) with biopsy-proven prostate cancer who underwent preoperative 3 T endorectal multiparametric MRI and had ≥1 PZ lesion >0.1 cm³ at whole-mount histopathology. In benign and malignant PZ regions identified from pathology, voxel-based choline/citrate, polyamines/choline, polyamines/creatine, and (choline + polyamines + creatine)/citrate ratios were averaged, as were ADC values. Patients were randomly split into training and test sets; rules for separating benign from malignant regions were generated with classification and regression tree (CART) analysis and assessed on the test set for sensitivity and specificity. Odds ratios (OR) were evaluated using generalized estimating equations.

Results

CART analysis of all parameters identified only ADC and (choline + polyamines + creatine)/citrate as significant predictors of cancer. Sensitivity and specificity, respectively, were 0.81 and 0.82 with MRSI-derived, 0.98 and 0.51 with DWI-derived, and 0.79 and 0.90 with MRSI + DWI-derived classification rules. Areas under the curves (AUC) in the test set were 0.93 (0.87–0.97) with ADC, 0.82 (0.72–0.91) with MRSI, and 0.96 (0.92–0.99) with MRSI + ADC.

Conclusion

We developed statistically-based rules for identifying PZ cancer using 3-Tesla MRSI, DWI, and MRSI + DWI and demonstrated the potential value of MRSI + DWI.

https://ift.tt/2wG4KRY

Cover figure

Publication date: September 2018

Source: Cortex, Volume 106

Author(s):

https://ift.tt/2wzg1nT

Editorial Board

Publication date: September 2018

Source: Cortex, Volume 106

Author(s):

https://ift.tt/2C7xXuQ

First European case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease with a PRNP G114V Mutation

Publication date: Available online 1 September 2018

Source: Cortex

Author(s): Louis Cousyn, David Grabli, Danielle Seilhean, Carole Azuar, Camille Huiban, Stéphane Epelbaum, Elodie Bouaziz-Amar, Jean-Philippe Brandel, Damien Galanaud, Aurélie Méneret

Abstract

Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is due to mutations in the PRNP gene. Only two families with a PRNP G114V mutation have been described around the world. We report the first European case, who had no family history and initially presented with isolated deficit in hippocampus-dependent memory. Initial investigations were normal except for elevated total tau protein in the cerebrospinal fluid. He died 4 years after disease onset. This case highlights the diagnostic difficulties posed by genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and shows that genetic analyses should be considered even in sporadic cases.

https://ift.tt/2PXUoFw

Scholar : These new articles for Studies in Chinese Religions are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Studies in Chinese Religions and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Book Reviews Buddhism and medicine: an anthology of premodern sources Matthew W. King Pages: 1-2 | DOI: 10.1080/23729988.2018.1488917 Discover Asian Affairs' latest Special Issue: Ghosts from the Past? Assessing Recent Developments in Religious Freedom in South Asia To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. Unsubscribe from new content alerts for this journal (both new issue and latest article notifications) with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

BLIMP1 transcriptionally induced by EGFR activation and post-translationally regulated by proteasome and lysosome is involved in keratinocyte differentiation, migration and inflammation

Publication date: Available online 31 August 2018

Source: Journal of Dermatological Science

Author(s): Hua-Ching Chang, Duen-Yi Huang, Nan-Lin Wu, Reiji Kannagi, Li-Fang Wang, Wan-Wan Lin

Abstract

Background

B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (BLIMP1) is a transcriptional repressor, and plays a crucial role in the regulation of development and functions of various immune cells. Currently, there is limited understanding about the regulation of BLIMP1 expression in keratinocytes and crosstalk between EGFR and BLIMP1 in skin homeostasis.

Objective

The aim of the study was to investigate the regulation and functional link between EGFR and BLIMP1 in human epidermal keratinocytes.

Methods

Immunoblotting and Q-PCR were used to determine the molecular mechanism of BLIMP1 expression induced by EGFR in primary human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and HaCaT cells. Effects of BLIMP1 knockdown on EGFR-mediated cytokine production, differentiation, and migration in NHEK were evaluated.

Results

EGFR activation by EGFR ligands could upregulate the protein and mRNA levels of BLIMP1 in NHEK and HaCaT cells. This effect was dependent on PKC, p38, and ERK activation. Additionally, the stability of BLIMP1 protein was under the control of the proteasome and lysosome degradation systems. In addition, BLIMP1 knockdown enhanced the EGFR-mediated IL8, CXCL5 and IL6 gene expression and keratinocyte migration, but reduced the EGFR-mediated suppression of differentiation marker K10.

Conclusions

Our findings shed new insights into the regulation of BLIMP1 expression by EGFR-mediated gene transcription and proteasome/lysosome-mediated degradation in keratinocytes. Functionally, BLIMP1 is a negative regulator of EGF-induced inflammation and migration in keratinocytes, and exerts a gene-specific regulation on keratinocyte differentiation.

https://ift.tt/2PVXvxK

Low-dose UVB therapy is comparable with conventional UVB phototherapy for treatment of vitiligo: A pilot study

Publication date: Available online 31 August 2018

Source: Journal of Dermatological Science

Author(s): Szu-Hao Chiu, I Liang Liu, Yu Wen Chen, Cheng-Che E. Lan

https://ift.tt/2Ca5Xa0

NEUTROPHILS CONTRIBUTE TO VASCULITIS BY INCREASED RELEASE OF NEUTROPHIL EXTRACELLULAR TRAPS IN BEHÇET’S DISEASE

Publication date: Available online 31 August 2018

Source: Journal of Dermatological Science

Author(s): Rémi Safi, Romy Kallas, Tara Bardawil, Carl Joe Mehanna, Ossama Abbas, Rola Hamam, Imad Uthman, Abdul-Ghani Kibbi, Dany Nassar

Abstract

Background and objectives

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multi-system inflammatory disorder that can cause vasculitis. Here we questioned whether Neutrophils in BD cause vasculitis via releasing Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs), a process called NETosis.

Methods

Circulating neutrophils were isolated from a cohort of Middle Eastern BD patients with an active disease and healthy volunteers. The percentage of NETs release was monitored in neutrophils stimulated or not with BD serum, and treated or not with Colchicine, Dexamethasone, Cl-amidine or N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC). The mRNA expression levels of PAD4 (a key enzyme in NETosis) was also assessed. The effect of NETs on the proliferation and cell death of endothelial cells was investigated using an in vitro co-culture model. The presence of NETs in skin tissues of BD patients was examined using immunolabeling of NETs associated proteins.

Results

Circulating Neutrophils from BD patients were more prone to release NETs in vitro and expressed higher levels of PAD4 compared to healthy volunteers. Spontaneous NETs formation in BD neutrophils was inhibited by Colchicine and Dexamethasone, two drugs used to treat BD. NETs formation was also inhibited by Cl-amidine, a specific PAD4 inhibitor, and by NAC, a ROS inhibitor. Interestingly, serum from BD patients stimulated circulating neutrophils from healthy volunteers to release more NETs and increased their mRNA PAD4 expression. Moreover, endothelial cells cultured in the presence of NETs from BD patients showed a decrease in proliferation and an increase in apoptosis and cell death. Finally, NETosis was predominantly identified around affected blood vessels in biopsies of vasculitis from BD patients.

Conclusion

Our results provide evidence on the implication of NETosis in the pathophysiology of BD especially in inducing vasculitis.

https://ift.tt/2PXjnJi

Cosmetics, Vol. 5, Pages 52: Capacitive Imaging for Skin Characterizations and Solvent Penetration Measurements

Cosmetics, Vol. 5, Pages 52: Capacitive Imaging for Skin Characterizations and Solvent Penetration Measurements

Cosmetics doi: 10.3390/cosmetics5030052

Authors: Zhang Bontozoglou Chirikhina Lane Xiao

: Capacitive contact imaging has shown potential in measuring skin properties including hydration, micro relief analysis, as well as solvent penetration measurements. Through calibration, we can also measure the absolute permittivity of the skin, and from absolute permittivity we then work out the absolute water content and absolute solvent content in skin. This paper presents our latest study of capacitive contact imaging for skin characterizations and vivo skin solvent penetration. The results show that with capacitive contact imaging, it is possible not only to assess the skin damaging, but also potentially possible to differentiate different types of skin damages. The results also show that with capacitive contact imaging, it is also possible to measure the solvent penetration through skin and to quantify the solvent concentration within skin.

https://ift.tt/2N7Iv1b

Changes in the facial soft-tissue profile after mandibular orthognathic surgery

Abstract

Objectives

To investigate the correlation between soft- and hard-tissue changes after mandibular orthognathic surgery, to generate precise prognostic values for the esthetic treatment outcome of the facial profile.

Material and Methods

In this retrospective study, sagittal changes in the facial soft tissue profile in relation to surgical changes in hard structures after mandibular osteotomy were examined. The sample population included 144 reported adult patients aged 17–50 years who had received combined mandibular orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany. Both mandibular advancement and mandibular setback cases in monognathic and bignathic osteotomy procedures were included. All subjects had undergone rigid fixation. A cephalometric analysis of presurgical and postsurgical cephalograms was performed, and the correlations between hard-tissue and soft-tissue change ratios were evaluated using a bivariate linear regression analysis.

Results

The lower lip, represented by the landmark Labrale inferius (Li), followed the lower incisor (Ii) by 77%. The soft-tissue B-point (B') followed the B-point (B) by 97% and the soft-tissue Pogonion (Pg') followed the Pogonion (Pg) by 97% in a linear correlation.

Conclusion

The scatterplots show a distinct linear correlation and no significant difference in the direction of the movement. A wider spread for the lower lip (Li/Ii) indicates a lower predictability of the expected lip position, whereas a narrow spread of the chin values (B'/B and the Pg'/Pg) reveals a very good predictability of the postoperative chin position.

Clinical relevance

This study contributes valid data for the soft-tissue profile prediction in orthognathic surgery.

https://ift.tt/2ovfVt2

The co-activator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) gene is overexpressed in type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Purpose

We examined the expression of a panel of epigenetic enzymes catalyzing histone tails post-transcriptional modifications, together with effectors of metabolic and inflammatory alterations, in type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Cross-sectional, case–control study of 21 people with type 2 diabetes and 21 matched controls. Total RNA was extracted from white cells and reverse transcribed. PCR primer assays for 84 key genes encoding enzymes known to modify genomic DNA and histones were performed. Western blot was performed on lysates using primary antibodies for abnormally expressed enzymes. Hormones and cytokines were measured by multiplex kits. A Bayesian network was built to investigate the relationships between epigenetic, cytokine, and endocrine variables.

Results

Co-activator-associated aRginine Methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) expression showed a five-fold higher median value, matched by higher protein levels, among patients who also had increased GIP, IL-4, IL-7, IL-13, IL-17, FGF basic, G-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNFα and decreased IP-10. In a Bayesian network approach, CARM1 expression showed a conditional dependence on diabetes, but was independent of all other variables nor appeared to influence any.

Conclusions

Increased CARM1 expression in type 2 diabetes suggests that epigenetic mechanisms are altered in human diabetes. The impact of lifestyle and pharmacological treatment on regulation of this enzyme should be further investigated.

https://ift.tt/2NDyaaw

The co-activator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) gene is overexpressed in type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Purpose

We examined the expression of a panel of epigenetic enzymes catalyzing histone tails post-transcriptional modifications, together with effectors of metabolic and inflammatory alterations, in type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Cross-sectional, case–control study of 21 people with type 2 diabetes and 21 matched controls. Total RNA was extracted from white cells and reverse transcribed. PCR primer assays for 84 key genes encoding enzymes known to modify genomic DNA and histones were performed. Western blot was performed on lysates using primary antibodies for abnormally expressed enzymes. Hormones and cytokines were measured by multiplex kits. A Bayesian network was built to investigate the relationships between epigenetic, cytokine, and endocrine variables.

Results

Co-activator-associated aRginine Methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) expression showed a five-fold higher median value, matched by higher protein levels, among patients who also had increased GIP, IL-4, IL-7, IL-13, IL-17, FGF basic, G-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNFα and decreased IP-10. In a Bayesian network approach, CARM1 expression showed a conditional dependence on diabetes, but was independent of all other variables nor appeared to influence any.

Conclusions

Increased CARM1 expression in type 2 diabetes suggests that epigenetic mechanisms are altered in human diabetes. The impact of lifestyle and pharmacological treatment on regulation of this enzyme should be further investigated.

https://ift.tt/2NDyaaw

Preparation and application of magnetic nitrogen-doped rGO for persulfate activation

Abstract

A heterogeneous catalyst (M-N-rGO) composed of stability enhanced magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide was synthesized and characterized by SEM, XRD, BET, and XPS. It showed excellent catalytic degradation properties in advanced oxidation technology. In the presence of 200 mg/L catalyst and 135 mg/L persulfate at pH 5, 95% of 10–20 mg/L methylene blue could be degraded in 90 min with the TOC removal efficiency of 50%. The rate constant based on pseudo-first-order kinetics ranged from 0.0227 to 0.0488/min in the temperature range of 15 to 32 °C, and the activation energy was 32.5 kJ/mol. Under the optimal operation conditions, 20 mg/L of 2,4-dichlorophneol (2,4-DCP) could be removed almost completely. EPR analysis showed that sulfate and hydroxyl radicals were responsible for degradation of pollutants, and radical quenching experiments indicated that nonradical pathway also played a role in pollutant removal. And a mechanism for M-N-rGO and persulfate system was elucidated. This catalyst was easy for preparation, low-cost, highly effective, convenient for separation, and could be used effectively for four times through 0.1 mol/L H₂SO₄ regeneration. It provided a choice for wastewater treatment in practice.

https://ift.tt/2N77hyJ

Orthogonal design-guided preparation of multi-level porous-activated carbon by pyrolysis of waste polyester textiles

Abstract

Multi-level porous amorphous-activated carbon with excellent adsorption performance was prepared by a ZnCl₂-assisted pyrolysis of waste polyester textiles. Experimental parameters were optimized by using orthogonal design. Result of orthogonal design revealed that pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time were the dominant individual factors. Samples prepared at the optimal condition were systematically characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) porosity analyzer, FT-IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Iodine (I₂), methylene blue (MB) and phenol (PhOH) were selected as target dyes to measure the adsorption performance. Experimental results showed that porous-activated carbon with multi-level pores could be obtained by optimizing experimental parameters. The specific surface area and total pore volume were calculated to be 846.37 m² g⁻¹ and 0.726 cm³ g⁻¹, respectively. Benefit from its multi-level rich porosity, the optimized sample possessed attractive adsorption performance toward different types of dyes. The corresponding adsorption capacity toward I₂, MB, and PhOH were calculated to be 980.48, 384.00, and 300.62 mg g⁻¹, respectively.

https://ift.tt/2NC30A9

The contribution of Tannerella forsythia dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV in the breakdown of collagen

Molecular Oral Microbiology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.


https://ift.tt/2PtsOzd

Scholar : ΓΛΩΣΣΙΤΙΣ - νέα αποτελέσματα

Glucagonoma Syndrome

S Sandhu, I Jialal - 2018

… in a 45-year-old woman presenting with widespread dermatitis, weight loss,
glossitis, and abnormal glucose tolerance associated with an islet cell
neoplasm of the pancreas on autopsy specimen[1]. IN 1966, McGavran …

[PDF] بررسی شیوع آنومالی های زبان در دانش آموزان پسر ۷ تا ۱۲ ساله کرمان در سال ۱۳۹۶‎

I Salehi - 2018

… the children examined, confirming the rarity of these lesions. We did not find any of ::..
following lesions: bifid tongue, median rhomboid glossitis and lingual thyroid. Among '..-,
children with geographic tongue 6.5 % also had fissured tongue …

[PDF] PLEASE, LET US PUT A LID ON ANEMIA

R Rao, M Balaramiah - 2018

… or signs. Most common signs and symptoms that are unique to iron deficiency may
appear as iron stores are depleted chronically which may include. Sore tongue
(atrophic glossitis) Spoon-shaped or brittle nails. Ulcers at the …

[PDF] Ectopic Presentation of Erythema Migrans

MS Aravind, B Varma, NJ Valappila, L Sam, PK Nair

… The case was diagnosed as benign migratory glossitis and its ectopic
presentation on the left buccal vestibule … Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol
1955;8:164-7. 2. Kumar T, Puri G, Aravinda K, Arora N. Benign migratory …

[PDF] Oral Health: Mirror Of General Health

SS Farha, S Sodhi, L Kale, V Kadam - JOURNAL OF PERIOVISION

… Tongue is smooth and bald due to atropy of papillae referred as Hunter's glossitis …
Plummer-Vinson Syndrome It is characterized by dysphagia, iron deficiency anaemia,
dystrophy of nails (Koilonychia) and glossitis, seen exclusively in middle aged women …

[PDF] Diagnosing celiac disease: a review of diagnostic modalities of celiac disease

A Javaeed - International Journal, 2018

… The physical examination may show features that point to malabsorption of nutrients,
so there could be evidence of weight loss, pallor, cheilosis, glossitis, evidence of peripheral
neuropathy and Trousseau sign may be elicited as a result of calcium deficiency …

Role of biomarker tests for diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumours

J Hofland, WT Zandee, WW de Herder - Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2018

Review Article.

Author Desk

KA Mattoo

… p. 195. Ghom (2005). Textbook of Oral Medicine. Jaypee Brothers Publishers.
p. 477; Byrd JA, Bruce AJ, Rogers RS. Glossitis and other tongue disorders.
Dermatol Clin. 2003;21(1):123–34; Desport E, Bridoux F, Sirac C, Delbes …

[PDF] Psychosomatic Aspects Of Oral Diseases: A Review

L Kale, S Sodhi, M Suryawanshi, V Kadam, A Kale… - JOURNAL OF PERIOVISION

… II Classification of Psychosomatic Disorders Pertaining to Oral Cavity:[4]
According to McCarthy and Shklar (1980) Oral psychosomatic disease a.
Lichen planus b. Apthous stomatitis c. Glossitis and stomatitis areatamigrans …

 

Δημιουργία λίστας των ειδοποιήσεών μου

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Comprehensive Long‐Term Safety of Adalimumab from Eighteen Clinical Trials in Adult Patients With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.


https://ift.tt/2LGdltf

Scholar : ΑΠΟΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΗ - νέα αποτελέσμ

[PDF] Οι πρόσφατες αποφάσεις της Ολομέλειας του Αρείου Πάγου για το Επικουρικό Κεφάλαιο

Η Κουρούνη - Επίκαιρα νομικά θέματα και αναλύσεις, 2018

… Έτσι, με την αποκατάσταση της λειτουργικής του ικανότητας, ενδυναμώ-
νεται και η ασφαλιστική αγορά, μέρος της ο- ποίας αποτελεί το Επικουρικό
Κεφάλαιο. Β) Υποστηρισθείσες απόψεις Αναφορικά με τις εν λόγω ρυθμίσεις …

[PDF] Τα βασικά δικαιώματα του καταναλωτή από την Οδηγία 2008/48/ΕΚ για τις συμβάσεις καταναλωτικής πίστης

ΑΘ Γαραντζιωτη - Επίκαιρα νομικά θέματα και αναλύσεις, 2018

… Ένα ακόμα πολύ σημαντικό δικαίωμα που προβλέπεται στην Οδηγία και με
το οποίο ε- πιδιώκεται η αποκατάσταση της διαπραγμα- τευτικής αδυναμίας
του καταναλωτή, είναι το δικαίωμα της μονομερούς και αναιτιολόγητης …

 

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Scholar : Obstructive sleep apnea - νέα αποτελέσματα

Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children with Down Syndrome: Demographic, Clinical, and Polysomnographic Features.

BH Chamseddin, RF Johnson, RB Mitchell - … --head and neck surgery: official journal …, 2018

Objectives To evaluate demographic, clinical, and polysomnographic features of
children with Down syndrome suspected of having obstructive sleep apnea. To
identify factors that predict severe obstructive sleep apnea among children with …

Nondipping Blood Pressure Patterns Predict Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients Undergoing Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring

DC Genta-Pereira, SF Furlan, DQ Omote, DMA Giorgi… - Hypertension, 2018

A nondipping blood pressure (BP) pattern is common in patients with obstructive
sleep apnea (OSA). However, it is unclear how useful a nondipping BP pattern is in
screening for OSA. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited consecutive patients …

Role of obstructive sleep apnea on the response to cardiac resynchronization therapy and all-cause mortality

G Shantha, A Mentias, NVK Pothineni, PD Bhave… - Heart Rhythm, 2018

Background The role of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the response to cardiac
resynchronization therapy (CRT) and all-cause mortality in patients with advanced
heart failure (HF) is unknown. Objective We assessed the association between OSA …

NORADRENERGIC DRUG TREATMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA

C Poon, G Song - US Patent App. 15/753,282, 2018

Aspects of the disclosure relate to methods for treating disorders using agents for
promoting hypoglossal motoneuron excitability. In some instances the disorders
include obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), cataplexy, attention deficit/hyperactivity …

The Interaction Between Craniofacial Computed Tomographic Dimensional Parameters and BMI in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

DB Ner, NN Carmel-Neiderman, DM Fliss, N Haas… - Journal of Maxillofacial and …, 2018

Materials and Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on
108 male OSAS patients followed in OSAS outpatient clinics between November
2014 and October 2015. They all underwent a polysomnography test, and an apnea …

[HTML] Predictors of Sleep Apnea in the Canadian Population

I van der Spuy, G Zhao, C Karunanayake, P Pahwa - Canadian Respiratory Journal, 2018

… which a person frequently stops breathing during sleeping because of an
obstruction of the … One of the prerequisites for the diagnosis of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in … exposure to altitude exacerbated …

[PDF] Postoperative Delirium and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

M Berger - Anesthesiology, 2018

… One potential opportunity is to take a closer look at medi- cal disorders such as obstructive
sleep apnea that predispose patients to postoperative delirium and cognitive decline
and study what specifically predisposes these patients to these disorders …

Cabergoline treatment in prolactinoma: amelioration in obstructive and central sleep apneas.

M Binar, O Karakoc, C Haymana, H Arslan - Journal of postgraduate medicine, 2018

A 44-year-old male patient was admitted to the otolaryngology department with a
history of progressive snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, and reduced libido for
the last 6 months. Polysomnography demonstrated the presence of moderate …

A randomised crossover trial comparing nasal masks with oronasal masks: No differences in therapeutic pressures or residual apnea‐hypopnea indices

T Shirlaw, B Duce, J Milosavljevic, K Hanssen… - Journal of Sleep Research, 2018

… Quality of life in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review of the literature …
Choosing an oronasal mask to deliver continuous positive airway pressure
may cause more upper airway obstruction or lead to higher continuous … Journal …

Cardiometabolic impact of changing internal time during daylight saving time: a window for a deleterious role within sleep-related breathing disorders

MM e Cruz, D Acuña-Castroviejo - Internal and Emergency Medicine, 2018

… Entzian and colleagues find that Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha physiological
rhythm to be disturbed in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and
that CPAP treatment does not reverse that condition [2]. An increase of this …

 

Δημιουργία λίστας των ειδοποιήσεών μου

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