Publication date: May–June 2018
Source:Clinical Imaging, Volume 49
Author(s): Michael Messerli, Lukas Hechelhammer, Sebastian Leschka, René Warschkow, Simon Wildermuth, Ralf W. Bauer
ObjectivesTo determine the value of ultra-low dose chest CT with tin filtration for ordinal coronary artery calcium (CAC) risk scoring.Methods50 patients were prospectively included and underwent clinical standard dose chest CT (1.8±0.7mSv) and ultra-low dose CT (0.13±0.01mSv). Four radiologists estimated presence and extent of CAC.ResultsWeighted kappa values for CAC were 0.76–0.97 in standard dose and 0.75–0.95 in ultra-low dose CT (p<0.001). Good to excellent agreement was observed for CAC ordinal risk assessment, with readers reporting identical risk in 81% of cases.ConclusionCAC risk can be qualitatively assessed from X-ray dose equivalent ungated chest CT.
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Τετάρτη 15 Νοεμβρίου 2017
Coronary risk assessment at X-ray dose equivalent ungated chest CT: Results of a multi-reader study
An overview of methods to mitigate artifacts in optical coherence tomography imaging of the skin
Abstract
Background
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of skin delivers three-dimensional images of tissue microstructures. Although OCT imaging offers a promising high-resolution modality, OCT images suffer from some artifacts that lead to misinterpretation of tissue structures. Therefore, an overview of methods to mitigate artifacts in OCT imaging of the skin is of paramount importance. Speckle, intensity decay, and blurring are three major artifacts in OCT images. Speckle is due to the low coherent light source used in the configuration of OCT. Intensity decay is a deterioration of light with respect to depth, and blurring is the consequence of deficiencies of optical components.
Method
Two speckle reduction methods (one based on artificial neural network and one based on spatial compounding), an attenuation compensation algorithm (based on Beer-Lambert law) and a deblurring procedure (using deconvolution), are described. Moreover, optical properties extraction algorithm based on extended Huygens-Fresnel (EHF) principle to obtain some additional information from OCT images are discussed.
Results
In this short overview, we summarize some of the image enhancement algorithms for OCT images which address the abovementioned artifacts. The results showed a significant improvement in the visibility of the clinically relevant features in the images. The quality improvement was evaluated using several numerical assessment measures.
Conclusion
Clinical dermatologists benefit from using these image enhancement algorithms to improve OCT diagnosis and essentially function as a noninvasive optical biopsy.
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Liquid marble interaction gate for collision-based computing
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2017
Source:Materials Today
Author(s): Thomas C. Draper, Claire Fullarton, Neil Phillips, Ben P.J. de Lacy Costello, Andrew Adamatzky
Liquid marbles are microliter droplets of liquid, encapsulated by self-organized hydrophobic particles at the liquid/air interface. They offer an efficient approach for manipulating liquid droplets and compartmentalizing reactions in droplets. Digital fluidic devices employing liquid marbles might benefit from having embedded computing circuits without electronics and moving mechanical parts (apart from the marbles). We present an experimental implementation of a collision gate with liquid marbles. Mechanics of the gate follows principles of Margolus' soft-sphere collision gate. Boolean values of the inputs are given by the absence (FALSE) or presence (TRUE) of a liquid marble. There are three outputs: two outputs are trajectories of undisturbed marbles (they only report TRUE when just one marble is present at one of the inputs), one output is represented by trajectories of colliding marbles (when two marbles collide they lose their horizontal momentum and fall), this output reports TRUE only when two marbles are present at inputs. Thus the gate implements AND and AND-NOT logical functions. We speculate that by merging trajectories representing AND-NOT output into a single channel one can produce a one-bit half-adder. Potential design of a one-bit full-adder is discussed, and the synthesis of both a pure nickel metal and a hybrid nickel/polymer liquid marble is reported.
http://ift.tt/2jtQKaV
Kinematic Analysis of Scapular Movements in Patients with Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2017
Source:Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
Author(s): C. Savcun Demirci, E. Turgut, E. Ayvat, Ö. Onursal, F. Ayvat, T.İ. Yıldız, İ. Düzgün, M. Kılınç, S. Aksu Yıldırım
The purpose of this study is to evaluate scapular movements by the three- dimensional electromagnetic system during shoulder elevation in FSHMD patients, and to compare the results with healthy individuals. 10 patients with FSHMD and 10 healthy individuals were included in the study. Scapular anterior-posterior tilt, upward-downward rotation and internal-external rotation at 30°, 60° and 90° were evaluated using the three-dimensional electromagnetic system during the elevation of the upper limbs in the scapular plane. Humerothoracic elevation levels on the dominant and non-dominant sides were found to be lower in the patients than healthy individuals (p<0.001). Both scapula were rotated downwards at 30° (dominant / non-dominant p<0.001) and 60° (dominant p=0.009, non-dominant p=0.04) of humerothoracic elevation, the scapula was rotated internally at 30° of humerothoracic elevation on the non-dominant side (p=0.03), and the scapula was tilted posteriorly at 90° of humerothoracic elevation on the non-dominant side (p=0.009) in patients. These existing abnormal patterns of the scapula in the patients increase the risk of impairment, pain, impingement and instability especially in the activities that require arm elevation. It is thought that physiotherapy approaches should first be emphasized to improve scapular stabilization and strengthening exercises should then be performed for the shoulder girdle muscles.
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Localised sampling of myoelectric activity may provide biased estimates of cocontraction for gastrocnemius though not for soleus and tibialis anterior muscles
Source:Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
Author(s): Maria Vinti, Jean-Michel Gracies, Marco Gazzoni, Taian Vieira
Proper muscle activity quantification is highly relevant to monitor and treat spastic cocontraction. As activity may distribute unevenly within muscle volumes, particularly for pennate calf muscles, surface electromyograms (EMGs) detected by traditional bipolar montage may provide biased estimations of muscle activity. We compared cocontraction estimates obtained using bipolar vs grids of electrodes (high-density EMG, HD-EMG). EMGs were collected from medial gastrocnemius, soleus and tibialis anterior during isometric plantar and dorsi-flexion efforts at three levels (30%, 70% and 100% MVC), knee flexed and extended. Cocontraction index (CCI) was estimated separately for each electrode pair in the grid. While soleus and tibialis anterior CCI estimates did not depend on the detection system considered, for gastrocnemius bipolar electrodes provided larger cocontraction estimates than HD-EMG at highest effort levels, at both knee angles (ANOVA; P<0.001). Interestingly, HD-EMG detected greater gastrocnemius EMGs distally during plantar flexions, and greater CCI values proximally during dorsiflexions. These results suggest that bipolar electrodes: i) provide reliable estimates of soleus and tibialis anterior cocontraction; ii) may under-or overestimate gastrocnemius cocontraction, depending on their distal or proximal position.
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Postural changes in orthodontic patients treated with clear aligners: a rasterstereographic study
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2017
Source:Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
Author(s): Parrini Simone, Comba Benedetta, Rossini Gabriele, Ravera Serena, Cugliari Giovanni, De Giorgi Ilaria, Deregibus Andrea, Castroflorio Tommaso
BackgroundCorrelation between malocclusions and body posture has been discussed in the last decades, but there is still a lack of consensus in existing literature. Rasterstereography allows tridimensional reconstruction of the spine, starting from the back surface analysis. So far studies which tested modifications of rasterstereographic parameters during orthodontic treatment, comparing with those obtained from untreated control group, are not available. Clear aligner treatment produces alteration of vertical height due to the occlusal coverage and, subsequently, a stimulation of periodontal receptors which causes an inhibition of the jaw closing muscles and, hypothetically, changes in mandibular posture.ObjectivesEvaluate possible correlations between orthodontic treatment and posture.Materials and MethodsRasterstereographic values of 15 untreated patients and of 15 patients treated with clear aligners were compared at baseline, after 1, 3 and 6 months. Rasterstereographic parameters considered were the following: the kyphotic angle, the lordotic angle, the upper thoracic inclination, and the pelvic inclination.ResultsCorrelations between Kyphosis Angle, Upper Toracic Inclination and Pelvic Inclination and body posture were found after 6 months of treatment with clear aligners.ConclusionsOcclusal coverage caused by aligners could influence body posture not only for upper spine sections but also lower spine sections.
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Scholar : CPAP - νέα αποτελέσματα
Effects of CPAP and mandibular advancement device treatment in obstructive sleep apnea patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
comparing the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with a mandibular
advancement device (MAD) in improving the quality of life (sleepiness, cognitive, and
 |  |  |
31. Does continuous positive airway pressure treatment affect autonomic nervous system in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea?
apnea?—C. Rocchi, F. Placidi, C. Liguori, B. Lauretti, A. Pisani, NB Mercuri, F. Izzi (Roma, Italy)
To evaluate whether Continuous Positive Airway Pressure treat- ment (CPAP) affect autonomic …
| | |
30. LTP-like cortical plasticity in AD patients: A novel biomarker of disease progression
apnea?—C. Rocchi, F. Placidi, C. Liguori, B. Lauretti, A. Pisani, NB Mercuri, F. Izzi (Roma, Italy)
To evaluate whether Continuous Positive Airway Pressure treat- ment (CPAP) affect autonomic …
| | |
28. Diagnostic and prognostic procedures in disorders of consciousness: Toward a SINC-SIRN consensus
apnea?—C. Rocchi, F. Placidi, C. Liguori, B. Lauretti, A. Pisani, NB Mercuri, F. Izzi (Roma, Italy)
To evaluate whether Continuous Positive Airway Pressure treat- ment (CPAP) affect autonomic …
| | |
29. Efficacy of Sevoflurane for treatment of focal RSE in ICU: Case report
apnea?—C. Rocchi, F. Placidi, C. Liguori, B. Lauretti, A. Pisani, NB Mercuri, F. Izzi (Roma, Italy)
To evaluate whether Continuous Positive Airway Pressure treat- ment (CPAP) affect autonomic …
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五味子乙素通过上调 miR-486-5p 的表达对甲状腺癌细胞生物学行为的影响
方法实时定量PCR检测人甲状腺癌B-CPAP细胞中miR-486-5p的表达量，Western-blot
法检测人甲状腺癌B-CPAP细胞中Caspase-3、Bel-2和Bax的表达 …
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肺表面活性物质联合西地那非与持续性正压通气治疗新生儿持续肺动脉高压的疗效观察
治疗新生儿持续肺动脉高压(PPHN)的临床效果。方法选取2014年6月-2016年6
月瑞安市妇幼保健院收治的70例PPHN患儿为研究对象,将入选患儿随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各 …
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INSURE 技术治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征临床观察
Extubate to CPAP,INSURE）技术在治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(neonatal respiratory distress
syndrome,NRDS)的疗效。方法选取2012-07～2016-02该院住院NRDS共58例，其中对照组27 …
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同胎龄段早产儿支气管肺发育不良的临床特点和高危因素分析
组（n=90）。比较不同分组患儿的临床特点及BPD的高危因素。结果BPD早产儿的高危因素包括低胎龄、
低出生体质量、机械通气及输血。中重度BPD组患儿的CPAP或呼吸机持续时间大于7d …
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Il neonato pretermine: Disordini dello sviluppo e interventi precoci
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Scholar : Obstructive sleep apnea - νέα αποτελέσματα
Effects of CPAP and mandibular advancement device treatment in obstructive sleep apnea patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
comparing the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with a mandibular
advancement device (MAD) in improving the quality of life (sleepiness, cognitive, and
| | |
31. Does continuous positive airway pressure treatment affect autonomic nervous system in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea?
autonomic nervous system (ANS) in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS).
We compared de novo OSAS patients, OSAS patients on chronic CPAP treatment and
| | |
30. LTP-like cortical plasticity in AD patients: A novel biomarker of disease progression
patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea?—C. Rocchi, F. Placidi, C. Liguori, B. Lauretti, A.
Pisani, NB Mercuri, F. Izzi (Roma, Italy) To evaluate whether Continuous Positive Airway …
| | |
28. Diagnostic and prognostic procedures in disorders of consciousness: Toward a SINC-SIRN consensus
patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea?—C. Rocchi, F. Placidi, C. Liguori, B. Lauretti, A.
Pisani, NB Mercuri, F. Izzi (Roma, Italy) To evaluate whether Continuous Positive Airway …
| | |
29. Efficacy of Sevoflurane for treatment of focal RSE in ICU: Case report
patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea?—C. Rocchi, F. Placidi, C. Liguori, B. Lauretti, A.
Pisani, NB Mercuri, F. Izzi (Roma, Italy) To evaluate whether Continuous Positive Airway …
| | |
Moving from Clinic to Home: What the Future Holds for Ophthalmic Telemedicine
has also been transformed by portable home monitoring devices, allowing for less-expensive
and accessible methods for diagnosing and monitoring obstructive sleep apnea.8 Non …
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Management of patients with refractory nocturnal enuresis
of the effect of the desmopressin is included during the sleeping time … Everaert K, Pevernagie
D, Oosterlinck W. Nocturnal enuresis provoked by an obstructive sleep apnea syndrome …
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Cardiometabolic Risk in PCOS: More than a Reproductive Disorder
with reproductively normal control women of comparable BMI [111, 112], and OSA may
be a risk factor for glucose intolerance in affected women …
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Jennifer Sonney, PhD, APRN, PPCNP-BC, Kathleen C. Insel, PhD, RN, Chris Segrin, PhD, Lynn B. Gerald, PhD, MSPH, &
injury, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obstructive sleep apnea, or a recent (within 30
days)/active asthma exacerba- tion (defined as requiring oral corticosteroids) …
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CANCER PAIN
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Αυτή η Ειδοποίηση του Μελετητή Google σας προσφέρεται από τη Google
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Summary Insulinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumours that classically present with fasting hypoglycaemia. This case report discusses an un...
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The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Canadian Journal of Remote Sen...
