Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00302841026182,00306932607174,alsfakia@gmail.com,
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Σάββατο 20 Οκτωβρίου 2018
Juvenile autoimmune hepatitis: A comprehensive review
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018
Source: Journal of Autoimmunity
Author(s): Christiane Sokollik, Valerie A. McLin, Diego Vergani, Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli, Giorgina Mieli-Vergani
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare, chronic disease that affects both adults and children, including infants. The disease is probably triggered by environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. The clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic patients or patients with non-specific symptoms, such as fatigue, to fulminant liver failure, many children presenting with symptoms indistinguishable from those of acute hepatitis. Raised transaminase and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels, in association with circulating autoantibodies, guide towards the diagnosis. The histological hallmark is interface hepatitis, which however is non-specific and may be absent. There are no bile duct changes on cholangiography. Presence of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and/or anti-smooth muscle antibody (SMA) is characteristic for type 1 AIH, whereas presence of anti-liver kidney microsomal type 1 (LKM1) antibody and/or anti-liver cytosol type 1 (LC1) antibody defines type 2 AIH. The latter accounts for about one third of the juvenile AIH cases, presents more acutely than type 1 AIH and is very rare in adults. Immunosuppressive therapy, based on steroids and azathioprine, is required, and in the vast majority of patients leads to clinical and biochemical remission, defined as absence of symptoms, normal transaminase and IgG levels, and negative or low-titer autoantibodies. In patients intolerant or non-responder to standard therapy, a number of second line drugs have been employed with variable results. For the rare cases who progress to end-stage liver disease, liver transplantation is life-saving, but recurrence of the disease is possible. A better understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms will help to develop new, more effective and less toxic therapies, and to tailor treatment regimens to the individual patient.
https://ift.tt/2EJ5GMG
Sequential prostate MRI reporting in men on active surveillance: initial experience of a dedicated PRECISE software program
Publication date: Available online 20 October 2018
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author(s): Francesco Giganti, Clare Allen, Jonathan W. Piper, David Mirando, Armando Stabile, Shonit Punwani, Alex Kirkham, Mark Emberton, Caroline M. Moore
Abstract
Background and objectives
There is interest in using sequential multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) to assess men on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer. The Prostate Cancer Radiological Estimation of Change in Sequential Evaluation (PRECISE) recommendations propose standardised reporting mpMRI data for these men. This includes accurate size measurements of lesions over time, but such approach is time consuming for the radiologist and there is a strong need of dedicated tools to report serial scans in a systematic manner. We present the results from an initial validation cohort using dedicated PRECISE reporting software to allow automated comparison between sequential scans on AS.
Materials and methods
We retrospectively analysed baseline and follow-up scans of 20 men randomised to 6 months of daily dutasteride (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) from the MAPPED trial. Men underwent 3T mpMRI at baseline and after 6 months, and a dedicated radiologist reported the scans using both a widespread commercially-available platform (Osirix®) and a semi-automated dedicated PRECISE reporting tool (MIM®). Tumour volume by planimetry in all sequences and conspicuity on diffusion-weighted imaging were assessed. Reporting time was recorded, and we used the Wilcoxon test for statistical analysis.
Results
Median tumour volumes and conspicuity were similar using both approaches. The reporting time of the follow-up scan was quicker using the PRECISE reporting workflow both in the whole population (12′33″ vs 10′52″; p = 0.005) and in the dutasteride arm (15′50″ vs 12′59″; p = 0.01). A structured report including clinical and imaging data was generated according to the PRECISE recommendations and a comparison table between lesion characteristics at baseline and follow-up scans was also included.
Conclusion
We conclude that a dedicated PRECISE reporting tool for sequential scans in men on AS results in a significant reduction in the reporting time and allows the radiologist to easily compare scans over time. This tool will help with our understanding of the natural history of mpMRI changes during AS.
https://ift.tt/2q3RgfF
Preliminary evaluation of accelerated microscopic diffusional kurtosis imaging (μDKI) in a rodent model of epilepsy
Publication date: Available online 20 October 2018
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author(s): Yang Ji, Dongshuang Lu, Limin Wu, Bensheng Qiu, Yi-Qiao Song, Phillip Zhe Sun
Abstract
Purpose
Our study aimed to develop accelerated microscopic diffusional kurtosis imaging (μDKI) and preliminarily evaluated it in a rodent model of chronic epilepsy.
Methods
We investigated two μDKI acceleration schemes of reduced sampling density and angular range in a phantom and wild-type rats, and further tested μDKI method in pilocarpine-induced epilepsy rats using a 4.7 Tesla MRI. Single slice average μDapp and μKapp maps were derived, and Nissl staining was obtained.
Results
The kurtosis maps from two accelerated μDKI sampling schemes (sampling density and range) are very similar to that using fully sampled data (SSIM > 0.95). For the epileptic models, μDKI showed noticeably different contrast from those obtained with conventional DKI. Specifically, the average μKapp was significantly less than that of the average of Kapp (0.15 ± 0.01 vs. 0.47 ± 0.02) in the ventricle.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated the feasibility of accelerated in vivo μDKI. Our work revealed that μDKI provides complementary information to conventional DKI method, suggesting that advanced DKI sequences are promising to elucidate tissue microstructure in neurological diseases.
https://ift.tt/2QXVEIG
The downhole circumferential scanning magnetic resonance imaging tool
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author(s): Wei Liu, Lizhi Xiao, Guangzhi Liao, Yan Zhang, Sihui Luo
Abstract
The downhole circumferential scanning magnetic resonance logging is able to image saturation distribution and fluid properties of stratum around a borehole, thus providing relevant and abundant information for formation evaluation. The device employs a phase-controlled excitation device based on combined array structure to accomplish three dimensional data acquisition from axial, radial and circumferential directions. This paper focuses on the design principle of device and the structure of electronic control system. A mutual coupling analysis with array antenna was carried out using inductance coupling principle, and realize the decoupling and energy discharge compensation of array antennas. The circumferential scanning nuclear magnetic resonance technique has a potential of overcoming the weakness of two dimensional measurements and raising new applications that it determines the azimuth of the fluid in the borehole and realizes the imaging measurement of the pore structure and the reservoir fluid.
https://ift.tt/2q1Jymj
A novel MRI phantom to study interstitial fluid transport in the glymphatic system
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author(s): M.E. Komlosh, D. Benjamini, N.W. Williamson, F. Horkay, E.B. Hutchinson, P.J. Basser
Abstract
The glymphatic system is a recently discovered transport system, mediated by cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), that clears metabolic and cellular waste products in the brain. This system's function in the brain is analogous to that of the lymphatic system in the rest of the mammalian body. It is hypothesized that CSF clears harmful chemicals from the brain by flowing through interstitial spaces in the brain during sleep. While there is growing recognition of the critical role the glymphatic system plays in maintaining normal brain health and in explaining pathology, there are few noninvasive imaging methods that measure and characterize the efficacy of glymphatic transport in vivo. In this study we designed, constructed, and tested a glymphatic transport magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) flow phantom, which combines regions that mimic CSF-filled ventricles and brain interstitial space. We tested high- and low-q space diffusion MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) acquisitions to determine if they could detect, measure, and map interstitial glymphatic flows. The results suggest that, under certain flow conditions, diffusion-weighted MRI can detect the enhanced mixing that occurs during glymphatic clearance.
https://ift.tt/2QXVwsG
Characterization of porous media by T2-T2 correlation beyond fast diffusion limit
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018
Source: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author(s): Zhou Yu, Yan Zhang, Lizhi Xiao, Guangzhi Liao
Abstract
Pore size distribution and surface relaxivity are two important properties of porous media such as rock samples and can be obtained by NMR methods. However, it is difficult to obtain these information beyond the fast diffusion limit. Here we present a new method to directly characterize the averaged pore size of a porous sample with a narrow pore size distribution. This method is based on the parallel plates pore model and the T2-T2 correlation sequence. The pore size (a) - surface relaxivity (ρ) correlation maps were obtained using the non-negative least squares method. Three kinds of glass bead samples were measured and the averaged pore size and surface relaxivity were extracted.
https://ift.tt/2q27C8H
Second primary melanomas: Increased risk and decreased time to presentation in patients exposed to tanning beds
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Yang Li, Mukti Kulkarni, Kathryn Trinkaus, Lynn A. Cornelius
Background
Melanoma incidence has increased; the primary modifiable risk factor is ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun or artificial UVR (arUVR) from tanning beds.
Objective
To determine whether patients who developed melanoma after arUVR exposure from tanning beds have unique characteristics.
Methods
A retrospective study of 434 melanoma patients was performed. Patients who consented at the initial appointment completed a questionnaire regarding phenotypic traits, medical history, and UVR exposure.
Results
Compared with patients aged ≥40 years, younger patients, especially women, had greater lifetime exposure to arUVR. At any age, patients with multiple primary melanomas had a higher probability of exposure to arUVR. For all patients with additional primary melanomas, those exposed to arUVR acquired their second primary melanoma significantly earlier; 67% of patients exposed to arUVR through tanning beds had their second primary diagnosed at the time of or within 1 year of their original diagnosis compared with 28% of nontanners (P = .011). Median time to diagnosis of second primary melanoma in patients exposed to arUVR versus those not exposed was 225 days versus 3.5 years, respectively (P = .027).
Limitations
The study was conducted in 1 geographic area with a relatively small sample size.
Conclusion
Our findings provide evidence for heightened surveillance in melanoma patients exposed to arUVR.
https://ift.tt/2CTZhMF
A Technique to Provide Enhanced Visualization For Suture Cutting In Dermatologic Surgery
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Brett C. Neill, Isadore S. Tarantino, Jason Stevens, Thomas L.H. Hocker
https://ift.tt/2PJG03v
Patient Requests to Alter the Medical Record
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Marissa L.H. Baranowski, Sarah Chisolm, Benjamin K. Stoff
https://ift.tt/2CVeDjX
Differences between morphological and repetition priming in auditory lexical decision: Implications for decompositional models
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018
Source: Cortex
Author(s): Robert J. Wilder, Amy Goodwin Davies, David Embick
Abstract
A natural way of probing the effects of morphology on lexical processing is to directly compare morphological priming, for which primes and targets share a stem but are mismatched in morphological structure (e.g., frogs→frog), with outright repetition priming (e.g., frog→frog). However, work making this comparison has reported no difference between these two types of priming. Importantly, the reported non-differences have been found in the visual domain. Here, we investigate morphological (Morph) vs. repetition (Rep) priming in two auditory primed lexical decision experiments. Using the English plural suffix -/z/, we compare Rep priming with Morph priming for both singular and plural target conditions (e.g., frog/frogs→frog, frog/frogs→frogs). Overall, we find robust priming in both Rep and Morph conditions. However, for both singular and plural targets, there is consistent evidence that Rep priming is greater than Morph priming at early lags of 0 and 1 intervening items. This facilitation decreases with an increasing number of intervening items. Comparisons with phonological and semantic controls demonstrate that this pattern cannot be attributed solely to shared form or meaning. We interpret these findings in a decompositional model of morphological processing. The robust facilitation in Morph and Rep conditions is attributed to the activation of a shared stem representation. The convergence of Morph and Rep is attributed to a diminishing episodic trace related to morphological recombination.
https://ift.tt/2yLMyXO
The temporal involvement of the left supramarginal gyrus in planning functional grasps: a neuronavigated TMS study
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018
Source: Cortex
Author(s): Weronika Potok, Adam Maskiewicz, Gregory Króliczak, Mattia Marangon
Abstract
The left supramarginal gyrus (SMG) is a critical structure in tool use actions, including such simple acts as selection of appropriate grasps and, if necessary, their on-line corrections. Yet, its temporal contribution to initial planning of functional grasps of tools is largely unknown. We used MRI-guided, event-related transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to determine the time point when SMG involvement in processing of tools for functional grasp decision was affected most. In Exp. 1, with 15 participants, triple-pulse (10Hz) TMS was applied to either the left anterior-to-mid SMG (amSMG; subdivisions PFt/PF) or vertex at three different time points: starting from 17 ms (i.e., delivered at 17/117/217 ms), 117 ms (117/217/317 ms) or 217 ms (217/317/417 ms) after stimulus onset. In Exp. 2, with 12 participants, we applied single-pulse TMS to either left amSMG or the left rostral middle frontal gurus (rMFG; area 46) at these same time points relative to stimulus onset. Subject- and item-based analyses of response times (RTs) were performed. Whereas the amSMG and vertex stimulation with triple pulse has revealed differential effects on RTs in general, as well as on tool orientation processing, it gave only vague pointers as to their temporal contributions to the task. Yet, amSMG and rMFG stimulation with single pulse demonstrated that, while the processing in both of these areas can be enhanced at 17 ms and no doubt at 117 ms (as compared to 217 ms), the earliest stimulation facilitated amSMG (vs. rMFG) contribution, and the latest stimulation had the opposite effect, facilitating rMFG (vs. amSMG) contribution to planning functional grasps. These outcomes demonstrate that the critical role of SMG in tool-related actions can be invoked substantially earlier than previously thought.
Graphical abstract
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Scholar : Eating Disorders, Volume 26, Issue 6, November-December 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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Development of a novel risk prediction and risk stratification score for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Clinical Endocrinology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
https://ift.tt/2P9siK5
Anticariogenic efficacy of a saliva biomimetic in head‐and‐neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy
Australian Dental Journal, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
https://ift.tt/2J9F7i6
Scholar : ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙΤΙΣ - νέα αποτελέσματ
Patients who seek professional treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis probably have an increased risk of having head and neck cancer and other types of cancers
risk factor for specific cancers: a case-control frequency-matched study [published
online ahead of print July 15, 2018]. Cancer Med. https://doi. org/10.1002/cam4 …
[PDF] EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF EPIRUBICIN, OXALIPLATIN AND CAPECITABINE COMBINATION IN TREATMENT OF NON-RESECTABLE OR ADVANCED GASTRIC …
constipation. Figure 3 depicting toxicity profiles of the patients. All 50 subjects
developed toxicities. From them 230 were tabulated. As combination …
[PDF] Influence of Maternal literacy on the Health Status of Children in Early and Late Childhood
was found among 9.7% children … Conjunctival dryness and angular stomatitis
were found in only 3.5% and 1.7% children respectively. 18.9% children …
[PDF] A nasopharyngeal inflammatory polyp in a cat: histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and CT scan findings
metronidazole as 15 mg/kg every 24 h) was indicated, and the patient was
discharged. Two years later, the cat was presented for stomatitis, rhinitis …
[PDF] Relationship Between Oral Presentations and Diabetic Micro-Vascular Complications
infections, geo- graphic tongue, benign migratory glossitis, stomatitis, fis- sured tongue,
lichen planus, lichenoid reaction, traumatic Copyright © 2018 …
Development of a reverse genetics system for snakehead vesiculovirus (SHVV)
(RV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which belong to Lyssavirus or Vesiculovirus
genus, respectively. Similar to the mammalian rhabdoviruses …
Effect of synthetic colloidal nanoparticles in acrylic resin of dental use
microorganisms' adhesion and biofilm formation. To overcome this, silver
nanoparticles (AgNPs) were combined with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) …
[HTML] Recombinant neuraminidase pseudotyped baculovirus: a dual vector for delivery of Angiotensin II peptides and DNA vaccine
749CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Barsoum J, Brown R, Mckee M, Boyce FM
(1997) Efficient transduction of mammalian cells by a recombinant baculovirus …
[PDF] Nebulised N-Acetylcysteine for Unresponsive Bronchial Obstruction in Allergic Brochopulmonary Aspergillosis: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
In these conditions, the administration of mucoactive agents is often indicated
as adjuvant therapy. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a typical example of a mucolytic …
[PDF] The The Effect of Oral Hygiene with Honey on Salivary Ph among Stroke Patients with using Nasogastric Tube
According to Nurhidayatun dkk (2015) in his research mentioned the oral
hygiene use a fluid of honey may reduce the occurrence of stomatitis … Oral …
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Scholar : CPAP - νέα αποτελέσματα
[HTML] Neonatal stridor and Staphylococcus aureus: Are they related?
(CPAP) … There had been improvement in both clinical and biochemical parameters with
treatment, and he was extubated to biphasic CPAP on day 29 …
[PDF] You Snooze, You Win: the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2018
Neuroleptic 4.2 4.5 3.8 Herbal 4.2 4.3 4.0 Reason for visit (%) Diagnostic 41.8 41.16 42.47
Split night CPAP 38.35 37.95 39.03 All night CPAP 19.85 20.88 18.5 …
[HTML] Sildenafil Use in the Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension: A Case Series
No TRJV[10]. 2. 37. CPAP/2.4. CPAP/3.0. IVS flattening. IVS flattening, RA
and RV dilatation. 3. 40. HFNC (2 LPM, 25% FiO 2 ). HFNC (6 LPM, 21% FiO …
Obstructive sleep apnea and self-reported functional impairment in revascularized patients with coronary artery disease in the RICCADSA trial
in patients with CAD and compared the effect of 1-year continuous positive
airway pressure (CPAP) use on change in impairment between those with …
Overexpression of SET and MYND Domain-Containing Protein 2 (SMYD2) Is Associated with Tumor Progression and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Papillary …
staining, quantitative RT-PCR, or Western blotting in PTC tissues, adjacent normal
tissues, and PTC cells (K1 and B-CPAP). The prognostic …
miR‐199b‐5p‐Stonin 2 axis regulates metastases and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Cobioer Biotechnol- ogy Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, Jiangsu, China) … Colony Formation Assay
A density of 1000 cells/well indicated B-CPAP cells were incu- bated for 4 weeks …
Characterizing the three‐dimensional organization of telomeres in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells
TPC‐1 PTC‐derived cell lines, representative of tumors with different genetic
backgrounds within the newly identified BRAF V600E ‐like PTC subgroup …
Prognostic factors in evolution of sleep apnea.
for treatment of OSA. The aim was to study the improvement of polygraphy
indexes after CPAP and to evaluate the influence of comorbidities on the …
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intracranial pressure; IOP – intraocular pressure; MAP – mean arterial pressure.
Hemodynamics. Robotic assisted laparoscopic pelvic procedures …
Improving pregnancy outcomes in humans through studies in sheep
BPD, 45 bronchopulmonary dysplasia; CDH, congenital diaphragmatic hernia;
ChIP, chromatin 46 immunoprecipitation; COBRA, combined bisulfite …
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Scholar : ΓΛΩΣΣΙΤΙΣ - νέα αποτελέσματα
[PDF] CLINICAL PROFILE OF ANEMIA IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER
98 presented with pallor, 11 had icterus, 33 had koilonychia, and 90 had cheilosis … Thus,
pallor and glossitis were observed as major clinical symptoms in the present study …
[PDF] Relationship Between Oral Presentations and Diabetic Micro-Vascular Complications
infections, geo- graphic tongue, benign migratory glossitis, stomatitis, fis- sured tongue,
lichen planus, lichenoid reaction, traumatic Copyright © 2018 …
Short-Term and Long-Term Effect of Exposure to Famine During Childhood on Human Health Status
easy to have zinc, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and iron deficiencies
which could affect children's appetite and diminished sense of taste, and …
[PDF] Plants Used for Ethnoveterinary Care by Gujjars in and around Colonel Sher Jung National Park Simbalbara, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India
Cuminum cyminum, Eruca vesicaria), wounds (2 species: Chenopodium
album, Martynia annua), appetizer, dehydration, foot and mouth diseases …
Ancillary factors in the treatment of orofacial pain: a topical narrative review
undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting,
typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to …
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Summary Insulinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumours that classically present with fasting hypoglycaemia. This case report discusses an un...
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