Proximity as a predictor of social behavior in rats

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Journal of Neuroscience Methods
Author(s): Rafael Bonuti, Sílvio Morato
BackgroundIn studies that measure social behavior of a freely interacting pair rats social behavior of one rat is strongly influenced by the behavior of the other. This prevents evaluating social behavior of one single rat.New methodWe assessed the motivation to interact socially in a modified open-field, by measuring the time a rat attempted to interact with a co-specific separated by a grid in a birdcage outside of the apparatus. We propose time in front of the birdcage is an indicator of social behavior.ResultsWe showed that the focal rat allocates more time in front of the birdcage, interacting with another rat through the grid. Also, that the presence of the other rat that attracts the focal rat. Habituation to the apparatus, repeated testing and illumination condition did not alter the proximity measures of rats. Finally, treatment with chlordiazepoxide (3.0mg/kg) either increased the time spent in front of the cage by males and females or (5.6mg/kg) increased the proximity measure of females.Comparing with existing methodOur method prevents partners from influencing the target rat's social behavior; existing methods do not. Also, it is more sensitive to the effect of chlordiazepoxide than the broadly used method proposed by File and Hyde (1978).ConclusionsProximity is an advantageous measure: it allows the assessment of only one focal animal without the interference of a partner; it is simple to take; it requires little interpretation skills or training from the experimenter, no special equipment or conditions.



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A survey of herbal weeds that are used to treat gastrointestinal disorders from southern Thailand: Krabi and Songkhla provinces

Publication date: 14 September 2017
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 209
Author(s): Oratai Neamsuvan, Thamakorn Ruangrit
Ethnopharmacological relevanceWeeds are plants grow naturally and are commonly seen. They are mostly used for feedstuff. However, their use as herbs for treating diseases, including gastrointestinal disorders, is rare. Therefore, the present study aimed to: (1) quantify the number of herbal weeds used for treating gastrointestinal disorders; (2) study local knowledge of weed utilization for treating gastrointestinal disorders in Songkhla and Krabi provinces; and (3) analyse quantitative data with the Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), Use Value (UV) and Fidelity Level (FL).Materials and methodsThe study was conducted from November 2014 to January 2016 through semi-structured interviews with 35 folk healers. The main questions were designed to obtain plant information, including the local name, method of use, preparation method and medicinal properties. The data were analysed by descriptive statistics, quantitative indexes (UV, ICF as well as FL) and interpretation.ResultsA total of 49 species in 46 genera and 28 families were found. The most common use of weeds was as herbs (80%). The preferred part used was the whole plant (76.27%). The preferred methods of drug preparation and use were decoction and drink, respectively. The highest UV was found for Acmella oleracea (0.83). The highest FLs (100%) were found for 12 species, including Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus viridis, Alternanthera sessilis, Sauropus androgynus, Plantago major, and others. The highest ICF (0.93) was found for treating toothache.ConclusionOverall, there are reports on the pharmacological activity of 31 species of weeds and reports on toxicity for 20 species of weeds. Therefore, awareness of the use of herbs is necessary to ensure that they are used safely and that benefits arise from the therapy. This study showed that medicinal weeds are still popularly used by folk healers. The pharmacological properties were consistent with the local uses, which supported a preliminary indication that the weed plants were effective for treating gastrointestinal diseases.



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IFC (Journal of Ethnopharmacology)

Publication date: 14 September 2017
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 209





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Naoxintong inhibits myocardial infarction injury by VEGF/eNOS signaling-mediated neovascularization

Publication date: 14 September 2017
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 209
Author(s): Hong Wang, Lizhen Qiu, Yake Ma, Lusha Zhang, Lu Chen, Chunxiao Li, Xiao Geng, Xingyu You, Xiumei Gao
Ethnopharmacological relevanceNaoxintong capsules (NXT), a traditional Chinese Medical preparation, are widely used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases, while the mechanism is still unclear.Materials and methodsMyocardial infarction (MI) was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery in mice. Echocardiographic measurements were performed to do physiological assessments of left ventricle (LV) function. Histological and immunohistochemical staining was used to determine infarct size, capillary density, tissue endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) model and flow cytometric (FCM) analyses were applied to assay endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) mobilization. Quantitative Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to detect the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), kinase domain region (KDR), phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated-eNOS (p-eNOS).ResultsNXT administration reduced myocardium fibrosis and increased myocardium capillary density in response to MI. NXT increased circulating Sca1⁺/ Fetal liver kinase 1 (Flk1)⁺ mononuclear cells (MNCs) and soluble Kit ligand (sKitL) of bone marrow (BM) in response to MI. In mice transplanted with green fluorescent protein (GFP) BM cells, NXT increased the numbers of GFP-positive cells at the border zone of the ischemic region in MI-induced mice. NXT increased the numbers of eNOS-expressing BM-derived cells in tissues, which was involved in increased the expressions of VEGF, KDR, p-eNOS, p-Akt in the myocardium.ConclusionNXT-mediated recovery in MI-induced mice was involved in mobilization and incorporation of bone marrow–derived EPCs/circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) leading to enhancement of neovascularization via VEGF/eNOS signaling.

Graphical abstract

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IFC (Journal of Ethnopharmacology)

Publication date: 17 August 2017
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 208





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Corrigendum to A survey of herbal weeds that are used to treat gastrointestinal disorders from southern Thailand: Krabi and Songkhla provinces [Journal of Ethnopharmacology 196 (2017) 84–93]

Publication date: 14 September 2017
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 209





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Comment on: Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children morbidity and mortality in Peru: Time series analysis

Publication date: 5 September 2017
Source:Vaccine, Volume 35, Issue 37
Author(s): Daniel Curcio, Alejandro Cané, Norka Napuri




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Response to comment on: Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children morbidity and mortality in Peru: Time series analyses

Publication date: 5 September 2017
Source:Vaccine, Volume 35, Issue 37
Author(s): Cristiana M. Toscano, Victor Suarez, Fabiana Michel, Ana Luiza Bierrenbach, Marco Gonzales, Airlane Pereira Alencar, Cuauhtemoc Ruiz Matus, Jon K. Andrus, Lucia H. de Oliveira




http://ift.tt/2xlbvbp

Editorial Board/Aims and Scope

Publication date: 5 September 2017
Source:Vaccine, Volume 35, Issue 37





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Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) upregulated by Helicobacter pylori and is associated with gastric cancer cells migration

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Caifeng Luo, Fengying Sun, Hong Zhu, Ying Ni, Jian Fang, Yun Liu, Shihe Shao, Hongxing Shen, Jianpeng Hu
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), a secreted protein, implicated of various cells in mediating the proliferation, migration, invasion, adhesion, survival and so on. In this study, we assessed the expression and release of IGFBP-1 from gastric cancer cells with H. pylori 26695 infection and the biological functions of IGFBP-1 in gastric cancer cells. The results showed that the expression and release of IGFBP-1 were increased in gastric cancer cells (MGC-803, BGC-823, SGC-7901) infected with H. pylori 26695. In addition, the upregulation of IGFBP-1 was dose-dependent in BGC-823 cells infected with H. pylori 26695 but not time-dependent. The upregulation of IGFBP-1 got to peak at 12h after H. pylori 26695 infection and then decreased over time. Subsequently, we measured its functions by silencing and overexpressing IGFBP1 which suggested that overexpression of IGFBP-1 could inhibit the migration of BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells. However, knocking down the IGFBP-1 could increase the migration of BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells. Functional findings illustrated that IGFBP-1 was implicated in H. pylori 26695-induced MMP-9 expression in BGC-823 cells. In addition, overexpressing IGFBP1 reduce the promoting effect of MMP-9 on the BGC-823 cells migration. In summary, we demonstrated that IGFBP-1 suppress the migration of BGC-823 cells and play a protective role in the process of H. pylori-induced gastric cancer.

Graphical abstract

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Acquisition of histologic diversity contributes to not only invasiveness but also lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Hyoun Wook Lee, Kyungeun Kim
BackgroundAs more endoscopic resections are performed in early gastric cancer, the pretreatment prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) becomes more important. Some tumor characteristics including histologic type, invasion depth, ulceration, size, and lymphovascular invasion have been used to determine the endoscopic resectability of early gastric cancer; however, a more detailed analysis between clinicopathologic factors and lymph node metastasis is needed.MethodsWe analyzed the correlation between the clinicopathological findings and LNM with 310 cases of early gastric cancer by dividing invasion depths in detail.ResultsLNM occurred in 3.2% and 16.2% of the T1a and T1b tumors, respectively. LNM was associated with invasion depth (p=0.002) and lymphatic (p<0.001) and perineural (p=0.013) invasion. Among them, lymphatic invasion was the most powerful factor associated with LNM and significantly constant in T1a and T1b. The rate of LNM increased gradually as the tumor invaded deeper, and invasion of the muscularis mucosae layer was associated with an increased mixed adenocarcinoma incidence, suggesting that histologic diversity was associated with tumor invasiveness.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that lymphatic invasion was the most important and powerful parameter for LNM in early gastric cancers. In addition, tumor invasiveness into the muscularis mucosae was accompanied by tumor histologic diversity.



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Modulation of Galectin-3 and Galectin 9 in gastric mucosa of patients with chronic gastritis and positive Helicobacter pylori infection.

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Rayane Bernardes Estevam, Natalia Maria Jacom Wood da Silva, Emerson Abdulmassih Wood da Silva, Fernanda Machado Fonseca, Adriana Gonçalves de Oliveira, Ruchele Dias Nogueira Geraldo Martins, Sanívia Aparecida de Lima Pereira, Thiago Lima Pereira, Sheila Jorge Adad, Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior, Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues
OBJECTIVESGalectins are mediators that play an important role in the inflammatory response and in this study we analyzed the expression of Galectins (Gal) −1, −3 and −9 in biopsies of the gastric antrum of patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Methodology: 44 patients with upper digestive tract symptoms were evaluated, and underwent Upper Digestive Endoscopy examination. Sections of the gastric antrum were fixed in buffered formaldehyde at 4% in order to perform the anatomopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis for Galectins-1, −3 and −9 expression. Fresh sections of gastric antrum were used for DNA extraction and evaluation of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). P values<0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTSGal-1 was significantly more expressed on stroma than epithelium (p<0.0001), whereas Gal-3 and Gal-9 were more expressed on epithelium (p<0.0001). Gal-3 was found to be significantly higher in the stroma of patients with H. pylori infection, mainly on Cag-A positive H. pylori (p<0.0001). Gal-9 was down modulated in stroma of patients with chronic gastritis.CONCLUSIONUp modulation of Gal-3 expression was associated with H. pylori infection and down modulation of Gal-9 with the inflammatory process of chronic gastritis.



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Prognostic relevance of tripartite motif containing 24 expression in colorectal cancer

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Feng-Qin Wang, Yan Han, WenJuan Yao, Jing Yu
Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in the world. Tripartite motif containing 24 (TRIM24) is a member of the TRIM protein family and a coregulator for multiple nuclear receptors. Altered expression of TRIM24 has been shown in a spectrum of human cancers. However, the clinical role of TRIM24 in colorectal cancer remains unknown. Here, gene expression data in colorectal cancer and normal tissues were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Western blotting analysis was conducted to compare TRIM24 expression between colorectal cancer and non-cancerous tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining were performed to assess TRIM24 expression in colorectal cancer tissues, and statistical analyses were employed to evaluate the associations of TRIM24 expression with clinicopathologic features and overall survival. TRIM24 mRNA and protein levels were higher in colorectal cancer tissues than that in the normal controls. TRIM24 protein expression was positively correlated with tumor size (P=0.0269), clinical stage (P=0.0061), vital status (P=0.0110) and serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels (P=0.0176). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that patients with higher TRIM24 expression had shorter survival time than those with lower TRIM24 expression. Multivariate analyses revealed TRIM24 expression was an independent prognostic factor (P<0.001). In conclusion, our study suggests that TRIM24 may play a role in colorectal carcinogens and serve as a potential prognostic marker of human colorectal cancer.



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Melanotic MiT family translocation neoplasms: Expanding the clinical and molecular spectrum of this unique entity of tumors

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Rola M. Saleeb, John R. Srigley, Joan Sweet, Cedric Doucet, Virginie Royal, Ying-Bei Chen, Fadi Brimo, Andrew Evans
MiT family translocation tumors are a group of neoplasms characterized by translocations involving MiT family transcription factors. The translocation renal cell carcinomas, TFE3 (Xp11.2) and TFEB (t6;11) are known members of this family. Melanotic Xp11 translocation renal cancer is a more recently described entity. To date only 14 cases have been described. It is characterized by a distinct set of features including a nested epithelioid morphology, melanin pigmentation, labeling for markers of melanocytic differentiation, lack of labeling for markers of renal tubular differentiation, predominance in a younger age population and association with aggressive clinical behavior. There are noted similarities between that entity and TFE3 associated PEComas. There are no cases reported of equivalent melanotic TFEB translocation renal cancer. We report 2 rare cases of melanotic translocation renal neoplasms. The first is a melanotic TFE3 translocation renal cancer with an indolent clinical course, occurring in a patient more than 3-decades older than the usual average age in which such tumors have been described. The other case is, to our knowledge, the first reported melanotic TFEB translocation cancer of the kidney. Both cases exhibit the same H&E morphology as previously reported in melanotic translocation renal cancers and label accordingly with HMB45 and Melan-A. While the TFE3 melanotic tumor lacked any evidence of renal tubular differentiation, the TFEB melanotic cancer exhibited some staining for renal tubular markers. Based on the unique features noted above, these two cases expand the clinical and molecular spectrum of the melanotic translocation renal cancers.



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Expression of STIM1 is associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in breast cancer

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Yanfang Yang, Zhansheng MM Jiang, Bin MM Wang, Lili Chang, Jun Liu, Lina Zhang, Lin Gu
STIM1 has been confirmed a key role involving in breast cancer proliferation and metastasis in vitro studies and its value in breast cancer patients is still to be defined. In this study, we investigate the correlation between STIM1 expressions with clinicopathologic features and prognosis quantified by disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). To assess STIM1 expression, we conducted immunohistochemistry assays using breast cancer tissues encompassing a total of 165 breast cancer cases with detailed follow-up data and 40 cases of matched samples including cancer and adjacent normal tissues. STIM1 expression was present in 66.1% (109/165) of breast cancer cases which was significantly higher than adjacent non-tumor tissues. Larger tumors, lymphnode metastasis and negative estrogen receptor were positively associated with STIM1 overexpression. Furthermore, STIM1 expression was significantly associated with worse DFS (P=0.03) rather than OS in breast cancer patients.



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Immunohistochemical analysis of NKX2.2, ETV4, and BCOR in a large series of genetically confirmed Ewing sarcoma family of tumors

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Isidro Machado, Akihiko Yoshida, José Antonio López-Guerrero, María Gema Nieto, Samuel Navarro, Piero Picci, Antonio Llombart-Bosch
Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive neoplasm of pediatric and adolescent patients. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) can be used to support the morphologic diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) in a convincing clinical/radiological context. Although neither NKX2.2 nor CD99 alone are entirely specific, when combined, the diagnostic specificity is high. The aim of the present study was to investigate the IHC expression of NKX2.2, ETV4 and BCOR in a large series of genetically confirmed ESFT. The results for CD99 and CAV-1 immunoreactivity, and the histological and fusion gene subtypes were retrieved from our previous study. NKX2.2 demonstrated moderate or strong nuclear positivity in 91.2% of the tumors. The staining intensity was heterogeneous. Many of the ESFT with negative NKX2.2 immunoreactivity were in bone. Strong/moderate ETV4 nuclear expression was detected in two small round cell tumors, both were negative for NKX2.2. No relationships could be found between expression of NKX2.2 and the histological subgroups or ESFT gene fusion subtypes. BCOR was negative in all ESFT. In conclusion, NKX2.2, ETV4 and BCOR IHC may be helpful in daily practice for distinguishing ESFT from CIC or BCOR-associated sarcomas, especially in hospitals without access to molecular assays. In addition, the combination of strong CD99 membranous positivity and nuclear NKX2.2 positivity seems to be very reliable for ESFT diagnosis in an appropriate clinicoradiological setting. So far no antibody is entirely specific for ESFT diagnosis, and the IHC or molecular results in round cell tumors of bone may be strongly influenced by decalcification processes.



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Correlation between HBV protein preS2 and tumor markers of hepatocellular carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Fang Luan, Bin Liu, Junguo Zhang, Shiqing Cheng, Bingchang Zhang, Yong Wang
BackgroundAlpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and Glypican 3 (GPC3) are both oncogenes and reactivated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PreS2 has been proved to be an important transactivator in HCC. In this study, we aim to provide evidence that HBV protein preS2 is responsible for AFP and GPC3's reactivation in HCC.MethodsTotally Sixty-three cases of HCC, aged 34-79, who were surgically treated and pathologically confirmed were enrolled. The levels of AFP in peripheral serum were detected with electrochemical luminescence method before surgery. Levels of GPC3 in HCC samples were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Luciferase reporter assays were used to measure the effect of preS2 on AFP and GPC3 promoters.ResultsAFP level and GPC3 but not albumin were significantly higher in preS2-positive HCC samples than preS2-negative HCC samples. And the preS2 protein expression was positively related with serum AFP level and GPC3 expression. Furtherly, dual luciferase assay showed that preS2 activated AFP and GPC3 promoter activity.ConclusionThe expression of preS2 protein relates closely to HCC markers AFP and GPC3.



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miR-155 targets Est-1 and induces ulcerative colitis via the IL-23/17/6-mediated Th17 pathway

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Jiangtao Hou, Bin Chen, Xueying Hu, Xu Chen, Lina Zhao, Zhuoqun Chen, Fengbin Liu, Zhihui Liu
BackgroundUlcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affecting millions of people worldwide. miR-155 has been reported to be upregulated in various inflammatory diseases and is a positive regulator of the T-cell response. IL-17 secreting helper T (Th17) cells have been heavily implicated in tissue-specific immune pathology, including UC.Methods and resultsTherefore, we targeted miR-155 and investigated its expression levels in a DSS-induced UC mouse model, revealing increased expression. Est-1 expression was found to have decreased, but the levels of IL-23/17/6 were raised significantly and Th17 had experienced an obvious increase. We overexpressed miR-155 using a lentiviral treatment. Increased miR-155 expression induced a more severe damage to colon tissues. In this case, the level of Est-1 decreased even further, thereby enhancing IL-23/17/6-mediated Th17 differentiation.ConclusionmiR-155 seems to target Est-1 and induces UC via the IL-23/17/6-mediated Th17 pathway.



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p38MAPK family isoform p38α and activating transcription factor 2 are associated with the malignant phenotypes and poor prognosis of patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Pathology - Research and Practice
Author(s): Wan-Juan Song, Yu Dong, Cheng Luo, Yuan-Yuan Chen
This study was to identify the biomarkers for the malignancy and poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. The protein expression of p38MAPK family isoform p38α (p38α) and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) was measured in 120 ovarian serous adenocarcinomas and 34 normal fallopian tubes using immunohistochemistry. Stable OV-90 cells expressing p38α and ATF2 inhibitor were established using shRNA lentivirus. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were analyzed in vitro. Tumor growth and chemosensitivity were investigated in xenograft tumor models. The percentage of positive p38α and ATF2 expression was significantly higher in ovarian serous adenocarcinomas than that in normal fallopian tubes. Positive p38α and ATF2 expression were significantly associated with high clinical stage (III/IV), lymph node metastasis, and shorter overall survival. Silencing of p38α and ATF2 gene expression in OV-90 cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. OV-90 cells with p38α and ATF2 gene being silenced grew significantly slow and were significantly sensitive to the chemotherapy compared to cells with high p38α and ATF2 expression. p38α and ATF2 expression play a crucial role in the malignant phenotypes of ovarian tumor cells and are a marker for the poor prognosis of patients with ovarian serous adenocarcinomas.



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Calculation of 15N NMR chemical shifts: recent advances and perspectives

Publication date: Available online 24 August 2017
Source:Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Author(s): Leonid B. Krivdin
Recent advances in computation of ¹⁵N NMR chemical shifts are reviewed, concentrating mainly on practical aspects of computational protocols and accuracy factors. The review includes the discussion of the level of theory, the choice of density functionals and basis sets together with taking into account solvent effects, rovibrational corrections and relativistic effects. Computational aspects of ¹⁵N NMR are illustrated for the series of neutral and protonated open-chain nitrogen-containing compounds and nitrogen heterocycles, coordination and intermolecular complexes.

Graphical abstract

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Short communication: Delayed erythematous SKIN reaction with SERI(R)-ASSISTED Direct to implant breast reconstruction

Direct to implant reconstruction (DTI) using meshes following mastectomy is a safe and viable option for patients who require an alternative to autologous techniques (1). The surgical support scaffold, SERI (R) (Allergan Inc., USA) was designed to bridge the gap between synthetic and biological meshes in this field (2). It is made of the bioprotein, BIOSILK (C), purified from silk fibres and knitted into a 3D-scaffold. We present our short-term results for SERI(R)-assisted DTI reconstruction from a retrospective multi-centre case series.

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Apelin attenuates TGF-β1-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition via activation of PKC-ε in human renal tubular epithelial cells

Publication date: Available online 25 August 2017
Source:Peptides
Author(s): Li-Yan Wang, Zong-Li Diao, Jun-Fang Zheng, Yi-Ru Wu, Qi-Dong Zhang, Wen-Hu Liu
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process whereby fully differentiated epithelial cells transition to a mesenchymal phenotype, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. Apelin, a bioactive peptide, has recently been recognized to protect against renal profibrotic activity, but the underlying mechanism has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the regulation of EMT in the presence of apelin-13 in vitro. Expression of the mesenchymal marker alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the epithelial marker E-cadherin was examined by immunofluorescence and western blotting in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated human proximal tubular epithelial cells. Expression of extracellular matrix, fibronectin and collagen-I was examined by quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA. F13A, an antagonist of the apelin receptor APJ, and small interfering RNA targeting protein kinase C epsilon (PKC-ε) were used to explore the relevant signaling pathways. Apelin attenuated TGF-β1-induced EMT, and inhibited the EMT-associated increase in α-SMA, loss of E-cadherin, and secretion of extracellular matrix. Moreover, apelin activated PKC-ε in tubular epithelial cells, which in turn decreased phospho-Smad2/3 levels and increased Smad-7 levels. APJ inhibition or PKC-ε deletion diminished apelin-induced modulation of Smad signaling and suppression of tubular EMT. Our findings identify a novel PKC-ε-dependent mechanism in which apelin suppresses TGF-β1-mediated activation of Smad signaling pathways and thereby inhibits tubular EMT. These results suggest that apelin may be a new agent that can suppress renal fibrosis and retard chronic kidney disease progression.



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MOSAIC: a web-interface for statistical analyses in ecotoxicology

Abstract

In ecotoxicology, bioassays are standardly conducted in order to measure acute or chronic effects of potentially toxic substances on reproduction, growth, and/or survival of living animals. MOSAIC, standing for MOdeling and StAtistical tools for ecotoxICology, is a user-friendly web interface dedicated to the mathematical and statistical modelling of such standard bioassay data. Its simple use makes MOSAIC a turnkey decision-making tool for ecotoxicologists and regulators. Without wasting time on extensive mathematical and statistical technicalities, users are provided with advanced and innovative methods for a valuable quantitative environmental risk assessment. MOSAIC is available at http://ift.tt/2ixmY3Y.

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΜΑΣΤΟ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΜΑΣΤΟΕΙΔΙΤΙΣ ]

Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system—the spectrum of imaging findings and differential diagnosis

JM Rozell, E Mtui, YN Pan, S Li - Emergency Radiology, 2017

... Temperature was 100.0 (°F). CBC and lumbar puncture showed elevated WBC. Non-enhanced
head CT at ED showed left otitis media and mastoiditis but otherwise an unremarkable brain.
Neurology was consulted and recommended stat MRI brain (Fig. 1). ...

[HTML] First prospectively identified case of Candida auris in the United States

A Yang, DA Carlton, C Hamula, G Patel, AMC Iloreta - Otolaryngology Case Reports, 2017

... presence of a left nasopharyngeal mass (Figure 1). Report of magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) revealed an increased signal in the mastoid consistent with mastoiditis as well as
marrow signal changes concerning for skull base osteomyelitis. ...

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

G Crabtree, C Miller - Neurocritical Care for the Advanced Practice Clinician, 2018

... hyperhomocysteinemia. Infectious. Encephalitis; cerebritis; meningitis; mastoiditis;
otitis; sinusitis; mouth, face, and neck infections. Obstetric. Pregnancy and puerperium
(about 12 cases per 100,000 deliveries). Malignancy. Central ...

[PDF] Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis with Myocarditis and Ventricular Tachycardia

RM Hanna, E Lopez, J Wilson - Case Reports in Medicine, 2017

... She was diagnosed with chronic mastoiditis at an outside hospital given her chronic infections
and underwent a mastoidectomy at an outside facility. Her symptoms continued and she
developed chest pain and shortness of breath and noted decreasing urine output. ...

Neurological Infections

BA Pongracz, D Harwood, BR Nathan - Neurocritical Care for the Advanced Practice …, 2018

... Resolution of hypoglycorrhachia and reduction of the cerebrospinal fluid lactate level are the
earliest indicators of improvement [7]. Rule out persistence of source of primary infection, eg,
pneumonia, bacterial endocarditis, mastoiditis, or otitis, and consider secondary infection [6 ...

MDCT of the temporal bone and audiological findings of pediatric acquired cholesteatoma

AT Sayit, D Saglam, HP Gunbey, M Tastan, C Celenk - European Archives of Oto- …, 2017

... Cholesteatoma-related complications include extratempo- ral (subperiosteal abscess, Bezold's
abscess), intratempo- ral (labyrinthine fistula, mastoiditis, petrous apicitis, facial palsy, lateral
semicircular canal dehiscence), and intracranial complications (brain abscess, meningitis ...

[PDF] Post-tympanoplasty Gradenigo Syndrome-Don't Panic

H Verma

... 3). The CISS sequences and MR spectroscopy were done (Fig. 3). The final impression was
congenital neuroenteric cyst in prepontine region with acute mastoiditis and petrositis. ...
2012;121:168-73. 5. Chole RA, Sudhoff HH. Chronic otitis media, mastoiditis, and petrositis. ...

[PDF] A STUDY OF CLINICAL AND INVESTIGATIVE PROFILE OF CORTICAL VENOUS THROMBOSIS

D Patel, H Patel, S Trivedi

... Aetiology- Out of 32 patients, we were able to find out aetiology in patients. Of the patients, 1
was diagnosed with hyperhomocysteinaemia, 3 were traumatic, 2 were associated with
mastoiditis, 1 with tuberculosis and 1 with suspected pancreatic malignancy. ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ CPAP ]

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ CPAP ]

Development and Testing of a Bubble Positive Airway Pressure System: Why Didn't I Think of That?

JW Logan, EG Shepherd - 2017

Skip to main content. Main menu. Home; Content: Top 10 Papers in 2016; Current Issue;
Editor's Commentary; Coming Next Month; Archives. Authors: Author Guidelines; Submit
a Manuscript. Reviewers: Reviewer Information; Create ...

[HTML] Accuracy and reliability of the sensory test performed using the laryngopharyngeal endoscopic esthesiometer and rangefinder in patients with suspected obstructive …

LF Giraldo-Cadavid, AR Bastidas, DM Padilla-Ortiz… - BMJ Open, 2017

Skip to main content. This site uses cookies. More info By continuing to browse
the site you are agreeing to our use of cookies. Find out more here. Viewing
from: Google Indexer. BMJ Journals. Log In More ...

[HTML] Anaesthesiology for uniportal VATS: double lumen, single lumen and tubeless

ZR Zhao, RWH Lau, CSH Ng - The Journal of Visualized Surgery, 2017

... The application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) that used during thoracotomy
may cause the obstruction of surgical field in uniportal VATS. ... Able to deflate and re-inflate the
lung any time during operation (7); CPAP can be applied during OLV; Less cost. ...

[PDF] Mortality and compliance in adaptive servo-ventilation treatment for patients with sleep apnea

K Pelkonen - 2017

... ASV-treatment was discontinued and replaced with more suitable treatment such as CPAP
with subjects suffering from severe HF (EF ≤ 45%). ... latest result during treatment. Information
of AH-index before treatment, during possible CPAP treatment ...

[PDF] A randomized double-blind controlled study on non-invasive ventilation in the treatment of children obstructive sleep with apnea syndrome (OSAS).

B Li, S Han, Q Sun, X Guo, H Xie, C Xu - Biomedical Research, 2017

... group. Besides children in the ventilation group were treated with continuous
non-invasive positive airway pressure through oral-nasal masks through the
application of single level breathing machine-Kaidi Thai Floton-CPAP. ...

[HTML] Smoking, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and their combined effects on metabolic parameters: Evidence from a large cross-sectional study

H Zhu, H Xu, R Chen, S Liu, Y Xia, Y Fu, X Li, Y Qian… - Scientific Reports, 2017

... which is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and OSAS has been studied
5 . Several clinical studies have revealed that OSAS is independently associated with particular
lipids and that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy can reverse the ...

Airway and Ventilation Management

M Band, E Marcolini - Neurocritical Care for the Advanced Practice Clinician, 2018

... The continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mode of provides positive pressure throughout
the respiratory cycle, while bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) provides two levels of positive
pressure, the higher giving assistance in inspirations and the lower preventing ...

Sleep Disturbance in Smokers with Preserved Pulmonary Function and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

LM Donovan, PJ Rise, SS Carson, LC Feemster… - Annals of the American …, 2017

... For those with self reported, physician-diagnosed sleep apnea, participants were asked about
their usage of positive airway pressure (referred collectively as CPAP). We defined ... with preserved
pulmonary function, sleep apnea with adherence to CPAP and greater dyspnea ...

[PDF] Ventilazione non invasiva: caratteri generali, indicazioni e revisione della letteratura

F Vagnarelli, M Marini, G Caretta, F Lucà, E Biscottini… - G ITAL CARDIOL, 2017

... DEFINIZIONI Il termine NIV comprende due modalità di trattamento diffe- renti6 (Figura 1): 1.
la pressione positiva continua delle vie aeree (continuous positive airway pressure, CPAP), che
prevede, in respiro spontaneo, una pressione positiva applicata per l'intero ciclo ...

Sleep and Dreaming in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

KE Miller, JA Brownlow, S Woodward, PR Gehrman - Current Psychiatry Reports, 2017

... Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. A few studies have provided preliminary evidence that
compliance with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for OSA reduces nightmare
frequency among both idiopathic and trauma-related nightmare sufferers [99, 100]. ...

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