Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print
https://ift.tt/2LvjMEn
Σάββατο 28 Ιουλίου 2018
The effect of 17 years of increased salt iodization on the prevalence and nature of goiter in Croatian schoolchildren
Scholar : Journal of Oral Science Research, Year 2018, Issue 07 -New Issue Alert.
Scholar : International Journal of Ophthalmology, Year 2018, Issue 07 -New Issue Alert.
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A risk stratification model for nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas based on the NCCN-IPI and posttreatment Deauville score
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to establish a risk-stratification model integrating posttreatment metabolic response using the Deauville score and the pretreatment National Comprehensive Cancer Network-International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI) in nodal PTCLs'.
Methods
We retrospectively analysed 326 patients with newly diagnosed nodal PTCLs between January 2005 and June 2016 and both baseline and posttreatment PET/CT data. The final model was validated using an independent prospective cohort of 79 patients.
Results
Posttreatment Deauville score (1/2, 3, and 4/5) and the NCCN-IPI (low, low-intermediate, high-intermediate, and high) were independently associated with progression-free survival: for the Deauville score, the hazard ratios (HRs) were 1.00 vs. 2.16 (95% CI 1.47–3.18) vs. 7.86 (5.66–10.92), P < 0.001; and for the NCCN-IPI, the HRs were 1.00 vs. 2.31 (95% CI 1.20–4.41) vs. 4.42 (2.36–8.26) vs. 7.09 (3.57–14.06), P < 0.001. Based on these results, we developed a simplified three-group risk model comprising a low-risk group (low or low-intermediate NCCN-IPI with a posttreatment Deauville score of 1 or 2, or low NCCN-IPI with a Deauville score of 3), a high-risk group (high or high-intermediate NCCN-IPI with a Deauville score of 1/2 or 3, or low-intermediate NCCN-IPI with a Deauville score of 3), and a treatment failure group (Deauville score 4 or 5). This model was significantly associated with progression-free survival (5-year, 70.3%, 31.4%, and 4.7%; P < 0.001) and overall survival (5-year, 82.1%, 45.5%, and 14.7%; P < 0.001).", 31.4% in high-risk group and 4.7% in treatment failure group; P < 0.001) and overall survival (5-year survival, 82.1%, 45.5% and 14.7%, respectively; P < 0.001). Similar associations were also observed in the independent validation cohort.
Conclusion
The risk-stratification model integrating posttreatment Deauville score and pretreatment NCCN-IPI is a powerful tool for predicting treatment failure in patients with nodal PTCLs.
https://ift.tt/2LWPR43
Local and whole-body staging in patients with primary breast cancer: a comparison of one-step to two-step staging utilizing 18 F-FDG-PET/MRI
Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of a one-step to a two-step staging algorithm utilizing 18F-FDG PET/MRI in breast cancer patients.
Methods
A total of 38 patients (37 females and one male, mean age 57 ± 10 years; range 31–78 years) with newly diagnosed, histopathologically proven breast cancer were prospectively enrolled in this trial. All PET/MRI examinations were assessed for local tumor burden and metastatic spread in two separate reading sessions: (1) One-step algorithm comprising supine whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI, and (2) Two-step algorithm comprising a dedicated prone 18F-FDG breast PET/MRI and supine whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI.
Results
On a patient based analysis the two-step algorithm correctly identified 37 out of 38 patients with breast carcinoma (97%), while five patients were missed by the one-step 18F-FDG PET/MRI algorithm (33/38; 87% correct identification). On a lesion-based analysis 56 breast cancer lesions were detected in the two-step algorithm and 44 breast cancer lesions could be correctly identified in the one-step 18F-FDG PET/MRI (79%), resulting in statistically significant differences between the two algorithms (p = 0.0015). For axillary lymph node evaluation sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was 93%, 95 and 94%, respectively. Furthermore, distant metastases could be detected in seven patients in both algorithms.
Conclusion
The results demonstrate the necessity and superiority of a two-step 18F-FDG PET/MRI algorithm, comprising dedicated prone breast imaging and supine whole-body imaging, when compared to the one-step algorithm for local and whole-body staging in breast cancer patients.
https://ift.tt/2LFotKS
Diagnostic Dilemma in Two Cases of Hyperandrogenism.
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Diagnostic Dilemma in Two Cases of Hyperandrogenism.
Case Rep Endocrinol. 2018;2018:9041018
Authors: Alali I, Haj Hassan L, Mardini G, Hijazi N, Hadid L, Kabalan Y
Abstract
Hirsutism is a common endocrine complaint affecting about 10 percent of women. It may be caused by multiple etiologies including adrenal and ovarian disorders. Usually, it is a result of a benign entity such as PCOs and idiopathic hirsutism. However, sometimes especially when it is severe and rapid in progression an androgen-secreting tumor should be excluded. Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors constitute fewer than 0.5 percent of ovarian tumors and it may be benign or malignant. In this article, we present two cases of hyperandrogenism caused by occult ovarian Leydig cell tumors. one of them was confounded by the presence of coincidental bilateral adrenal nodules that complicated the diagnostic process. Tumor dissection was curative in both cases and the diagnosis was confirmed by pathological and hormonal testing after surgery.
PMID: 30050702 [PubMed]
https://ift.tt/2LxB97t
Scholar : Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, Volume 73, Issue 2, June 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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Scholar : Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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Control of bacterial biofilms formed on pacifiers by antimicrobial solutions in spray.
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Control of bacterial biofilms formed on pacifiers by antimicrobial solutions in spray.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2018 Jul 26;:
Authors: Pedroso JF, Sangalli J, Brighenti FL, Tanaka MH, Koga-Ito CY
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim was to evaluate the use of vinegar, hydrogen peroxide and sodium bicarbonate solutions for the disinfection of pacifiers.
DESIGN: Different types and concentrations of the substances were screened in planktonic and biofilm for antimicrobial activity on Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Also, the effect of the most effective substance was tested against polymicrobial biofilms aiming to mimic the multispecies colonization found in a pacifier.
RESULTS: Based on the agar diffusion test, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal microbicide concentration assays, 70% apple vinegar (70%AV) and 70% hydrogen peroxide (70%HP) were selected (P < 0.05). All tested solutions were able to significantly reduce viable cells of S. pyogenes, S. mutans and E. coli from the biofilms A statistically significant reduction of viable cells in S. aureus biofilms were observed after treatment with 70%AV in comparison to the other treatments. When compared to other microbial species, it was found that 70%HP was particularly effective against E. coli. The solution of 70%HP was able to reduce the viable cells of Enterobacteriaceae/pseudomonas of a polymicrobial biofilm formed from a pacifier. The other solutions were not effective in relation to control group.
CONCLUSION: Solutions of 70% HP showed to be a good alternative for chlorhexidine digluconate for the disinfection of pacifiers.
PMID: 30051634 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
https://ift.tt/2LWB5Ky
Significant Enrichment and Diversity of the Staphylococcal Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element ACME in Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates From Subgingival Peri-implantitis Sites and Periodontal Pockets.
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Significant Enrichment and Diversity of the Staphylococcal Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element ACME in Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates From Subgingival Peri-implantitis Sites and Periodontal Pockets.
Front Microbiol. 2018;9:1558
Authors: O'Connor AM, McManus BA, Kinnevey PM, Brennan GI, Fleming TE, Cashin PJ, O'Sullivan M, Polyzois I, Coleman DC
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are frequent commensals of the nares and skin and are considered transient oral residents. Reports on their prevalence in the oral cavity, periodontal pockets and subgingivally around infected oral implants are conflicting, largely due to methodological limitations. The prevalence of these species in the oral cavities, periodontal pockets and subgingival sites of orally healthy individuals with/without implants and in patients with periodontal disease or infected implants (peri-implantitis) was investigated using selective chromogenic agar and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Staphylococcus epidermidis was predominant in all participant groups investigated. Its prevalence was significantly higher (P = 0.0189) in periodontal pockets (30%) than subgingival sites of healthy individuals (7.8%), and in subgingival peri-implantitis sites (51.7%) versus subgingival sites around non-infected implants (16.1%) (P = 0.0057). In contrast, S. aureus was recovered from subgingival sites of 0-12.9% of the participant groups, but not from periodontal pockets. The arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME), thought to enhance colonization and survival of S. aureus, was detected in 100/179 S. epidermidis and 0/83 S. aureus isolates screened using multiplex PCR and DNA microarray profiling. Five distinct ACME types, including the recently described types IV and V (I; 14, II; 60, III; 10, IV; 15, V; 1) were identified. ACME-positive S. epidermidis were significantly (P = 0.0369) more prevalent in subgingival peri-implantitis sites (37.9%) than subgingival sites around non-infected implants (12.9%) and also in periodontal pockets (25%) compared to subgingival sites of healthy individuals (4.7%) (P = 0.0167). To investigate the genetic diversity of ACME, 35 isolates, representative of patient groups, sample sites and ACME types underwent whole genome sequencing from which multilocus sequence types (STs) were identified. Sequencing data permitted ACME types II and IV to be subdivided into subtypes IIa-c and IVa-b, respectively, based on distinct flanking direct repeat sequences. Distinct ACME types were commonly associated with specific STs, rather than health/disease states or recovery sites, suggesting that ACME types/subtypes originated amongst specific S. epidermidis lineages. Ninety of the ACME-positive isolates encoded the ACME-arc operon, which likely contributes to oral S. epidermidis survival in the nutrient poor, semi-anaerobic, acidic and inflammatory conditions present in periodontal disease and peri-implantitis.
PMID: 30050526 [PubMed]
https://ift.tt/2LFUPFf
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Summary Insulinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumours that classically present with fasting hypoglycaemia. This case report discusses an un...
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