Condition: Sarcopenia
Interventions: Device: Tongue strength measurement; Procedure: Blood sampling; Diagnostic Test: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE); Diagnostic Test: Minimal nutritional assessment (MNA-SF); Diagnostic Test: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA); Device: Dynamometer (Hand grip ); Diagnostic Test: Walking speed
Sponsor: Murielle Surquin
Not yet recruiting
http://ift.tt/2BHuPQK
Τετάρτη 31 Ιανουαρίου 2018
Scholar : Xenobiotica, Volume 48, Issue 4, April 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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Scholar : These new articles for Comedy Studies are available online
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Scholar : Art Journal, Volume 76, Issue 3-4, Fall/Winter 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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The influence of bias magnetization of nanoparticles on GMR sensor signal and sensitivity for the ultra-low concentration detection
Publication date: 1 May 2018
Source:Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Volume 453
Author(s): Yang Zhang, Jie Xu, Derang Cao, Qiang Li, Guoxia Zhao, Nian X. Sun, Shandong Li
In the broad research of the GMR bio-sensing technology, it is vital to explore appropriate magnetic labels and its influences on the detection signal. In this work, four kinds of ferrite particles of γ-Fe2O3, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4 and NiZnFe2O4 were prepared through calcining the Dimethyl Formamide (DMF) solution of the transition metal nitrates [Fe(NO3)3 and X(NO3)2, X = Co, Ni, Zn] to study the effect of magnetic properties on detection signals using a DC in-plane measuring method. It was revealed that for four particles, the output voltage differences |ΔV| between with and without magnetic particles exhibit log-linear functions of the particles concentrations x in the range from 0.1 to 10 ng/mL. A very low limitation of detection (LOD) of 0.1 ng/mL for all the samples was obtained, which is two orders smaller than that in the previous work. Moreover, the change of output voltage difference at the LOD (|ΔVlim|) is proportional to the magnetization at bias field (bias magnetization, Mbias), which indicates that larger Mbias leads to a lower LOD. This work provides a useful guidance in selecting or preparing magnetic labels to enhance the sensitivity of GMR biosensors.
http://ift.tt/2Fx8WpM
Optic Nerve Head Elevation in an Asymptomatic Child: Worry or Watch?
Source:Pediatric Neurology
Author(s): Hossein Nazari, Austin S. Nakatsuka, Mohamed Soliman
http://ift.tt/2EpEKgS
The Association of Schizophrenia and Narcolepsy in Adolescents
Source:Pediatric Neurology
Author(s): Yefim Cavalier, Sanjeev V. Kothare
http://ift.tt/2DOdJ5O
Electrophysiologic Features of Radial Neuropathy in Childhood and Adolescence
Source:Pediatric Neurology
Author(s): Ioannis Karakis, Sofia Georghiou, H. Royden Jones, Basil T. Darras, Peter B. Kang
Objective: To analyze clinical and electrophysiologic patterns of nerve injury in pediatric radial neuropathy (PRN). Methods: Retrospective analysis on 19 children and adolescents with PRN. Results: The mean subject age was 12 years (range 1 month to 19 years), 56% were female, and 53% had traumatic etiologies. Weakness in the finger and wrist extensors was the prevailing complaint (82%). Predominant localization was at the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) (37%), followed by the radial nerve below the spiral groove (32%), the radial nerve at the spiral groove (26%) and the radial nerve above the spiral groove (5%). Extensor indicis proprius (EIP) compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude was reduced in 86% of cases when tested, with a median axon loss estimate (MAXE) of 78%. The radial sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude was reduced in 53% of all cases, and in 83% of cases affecting the main radial trunk with a MAXE of 100%. For cases affecting the main radial trunk, there was a high correlation of EIP MAXE and radial SNAP MAXE (r=0.72, p=0.02). Neurogenic changes were seen in the EIP, extensor digitorum communis, extensor carpi radialis and brachioradialis in 88%, 94%, 60% and 44% of cases respectively. Pathophysiology was demyelinating in 10%, axonal in 58% and mixed in 32%. Conclusions: In contrast to adults where localization at the spiral groove predominates, pediatric cases are commonly localized at the PIN or the distal main radial trunk. Significance: PRN is frequently of traumatic etiology and axonal pathophysiology.
http://ift.tt/2Esc7Qb
Is It Feasible to Identify Natural Clusters of TSC-Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (TAND)?
Source:Pediatric Neurology
Author(s): Loren Leclezio, Sugnet Gardner-Lubbe, Petrus J. de Vries
BackgroundTuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder with multi-system involvement. The lifetime prevalence of TSC-Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (TAND) is in the region of 90% in an apparently unique, individual pattern. This 'uniqueness' poses significant challenges for diagnosis, psycho-education, and intervention planning. To date, no studies have explored whether there may be natural clusters of TAND. The purpose of this feasibility study was a) to investigate the practicability of identifying natural TAND clusters, and (b) to identify appropriate multivariate data analysis techniques for larger-scale studies.MethodsTAND Checklist data were collected from 56 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of TSC (n= 20 from South Africa; n = 36 from Australia). Using R, the open-source statistical platform, mean squared contingency coefficients were calculated to produce a correlation matrix, and various cluster analyses and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were examined.ResultsWARD's method rendered six TAND clusters with good face validity and significant convergence with a six-factor EFA solution. The 'bottom-up' data-driven strategies identified a 'Scholastic' cluster of TAND manifestations, an 'ASD-like' cluster, a 'Dysregulated Behaviour' cluster, a 'Neuropsychological' cluster, a 'Hyperactive/Impulsive' cluster, and a 'Mixed/Mood' cluster.ConclusionThese feasibility results suggest that a combination of cluster analysis and exploratory factor analysis methods may be able to identify clinically-meaningful natural TAND clusters. Findings require replication and expansion in larger dataset, and could include quantification of cluster/factor scores at an individual level.
http://ift.tt/2DNTzJ2
Scholar : Behaviour & Information Technology, Volume 37, Issue 2, February 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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New Hydrogels Enriched with Antioxidants from Saffron Crocus Can Find Applications in Wound Treatment and/or Beautification
Saffron extracts have a long history of application as skin protectant, possibly due to their ability to scavenge free radicals. In this work, the performance of a hydrogel enriched with antioxidant compounds isolated from saffron crocus (Crocus sativus L.) petals was tested. These hydrogels could be considered as new drug delivery system. Hydrogels are crosslinked polymer networks that absorb large quantities of water but retain the properties of a solid, thus making ideal dressings for sensitive skin. We tested antioxidant-enriched hydrogels on primary mouse fibroblasts. Hydrogels enriched with kaempferol and crocin extracted from saffron petals showed good biocompatibility with in vitro cultured fibroblasts. These new types of hydrogels may find applications in wound treatment and/or beautification.
Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2018;31:95-98
http://ift.tt/2nnZXAI
Scholar : Crystallography Reviews, Volume 24, Issue 2, April 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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Cytotoxic activity of medicinal plants of the Kakamega County (Kenya) against drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cells
Publication date: 6 April 2018
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 215
Author(s): Dominic O. Ochwang'i, Charles N. Kimwele, Jemimah A. Oduma, Peter K. Gathumbi, Stephen G. Kiama, Thomas Efferth
Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe geographical location of Kakamega County proximal to the Kakamega Rain Forest in Kenya and its rich flora represents an interesting resource of traditional medicinal plants. The medicinal plants in the present study are traditionally used to treat cancer in Kakamega County as recorded in published literature.Aim of the studyDue to multidrug resistance (MDR) and severe side effects of currently used drugs in clinical oncology, new candidate compounds are urgently required to improve treatment outcome. The present study explored the in vitro cytotoxic potential of 34 organic and 19 aqueous extracts of Kakamega medicinal plants towards sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines.Methods and resultsThe cytotoxicity was determined using the resazurin assay. Eight organic and two aqueous plant extracts inhibited the growth of CCRF-CEM leukemia cells by more than 50%. The organic extracts were Harungana madagascariensis Lam. ex poir (6.6% of untreated control), Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman (19.4%), Entada abyssinica Steud. ex A. Rich (38.6%), Phyllanthus fischeri Pax (40.7%), Shirakiopsis elliptica (Hochst.) Esser Synonym: Sapium ellipticum (Hochst. kraus) Pax (41.8%), Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) Baill (45.4%) and Futumia africana Benth. (45.8%) and Microglossa pyrifolia (Lam.) Kuntze (48%). The aqueous extracts were Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) Baill (31.3%) and Shirakiopsis elliptica (Hochst.) Esser Synonym: Sapium ellipticum (Hochst. Kraus) Pax (48.2%). In addition to P-glycoprotein-expressing tumor cells, we also investigated other mechanisms of drug resistance, i.e. BCRP- or EGFR-transfected and TP53-knockout tumor cells. Some extracts also showed considerable cytotoxic activity against these drug-resistant cell lines. As demonstrated for selected examples, some extracts exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, if applied in combination with other extracts.DiscussionThe panel of medicinal plants used in the Kakamega County for cancer treatment revealed indeed cytotoxicity to various extent towards cancer cells in vitro. Hence, our results may at least in part substantiate the traditional use of these compounds to treat cancer. Even more interesting, several extracts inhibited otherwise drug-resistant tumor cell lines with similar or even better efficacy than their drug-sensitive counterparts. This provides an attractive perspective for further exploration of their anticancer potential to combat drug resistance of refractory tumors.
Graphical abstract
http://ift.tt/2ntWfEI
Increase in insulin sensitivity by the association of chicoric acid and chlorogenic acid contained in a natural chicoric acid extract (NCRAE) of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) for an antidiabetic effect
Publication date: 6 April 2018
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 215
Author(s): Karine Ferrare, Luc P.R. Bidel, Abdulmomem Awwad, Patrick Poucheret, Guillaume Cazals, Françoise Lazennec, Jacqueline Azay-Milhau, Michel Tournier, Anne-Dominique Lajoix, Didier Tousch
Ethnopharmacological relevanceChicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is an indigenous vegetable widely cultivated in Europe, America and Asia. In ancient times, the leaves, flowers, seeds, and roots have been used as a wealth of health benefits including its tonic effects, the ability to ease digestive problems and to detoxify liver. In Indian traditional therapy, chicory was known to possess antidiabetic effect. In the traditional medicine of Bulgaria and Italy, chicory was used as hypoglycemic decoctions.Aims of the studiesWe wanted to obtain the complete chemical composition of the natural chicoric acid extract (NCRAE), a chicory root extract rich in chicoric acid, which previously showed its glucose tolerance effect in normal rats. To investigate if the whole NCRAE is required to be effective, we performed a comparative in vivo experiment on STZ diabetic rats treated either with NCRAE or a mixture composed of the two major compounds of NCRAE.Materials and methodsLC-MS method has been used to analyze the exhaustive composition of NCRAE: we have determined that chicoric acid and chlorogenic acid represented 83.8% of NCRAE. So, we have prepared a solution mixture of chicoric acid and chlorogenic acid named SCCAM, in order to compare in vivo the antidiabetic effects of this last and NCRAE in streptozotocin diabetic rats. In vitro experiments were performed on L6 cell line both for glucose uptake and for the protective effect against H2O2 oxidative stress. Also, we have evaluated DPPH and ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) antioxidative capacities of the two compositions.ResultsThe LC-MS analysis confirmed the high abundance of chicoric acid (64.2%) in NCRAE and a second part of NCRAE is composed of caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) at 19.6% with among them the chlorogenic acid. This result has permitted us to prepare a mixture of synthetic L-chicoric acid (70%) and synthetic chlorogenic acid (30%): the solution is designated SCCAM. Our results showed that both NCRAE and SCCAM are able to improve a glucose tolerance in STZ diabetic rats after a subchronic administration of seven days. Alone NCRAE allows to significantly decrease the basal hyperglycemia after six days of treatment. To explain these difference of effects between NCRAE and SCCAM, we have compared their in vitro effects on the L6 muscle cell line both for the insulin sensitizing effect and for their protective action in pretreatment against H2O2. We have also compared their antioxidant capacities. In conclusion, we demonstrated that NCRAE, a natural extract of chicory (Cichorium intybus) rich in CRA and CQAs improves glucose tolerance and reduces the basal hyperglycemia in STZ diabetic rats.
Graphical abstract
http://ift.tt/2DT0W6c
Th17 immune responses in Brazilian dyslipidemic patients with atherosclerosis
Source:International Immunopharmacology, Volume 56
Author(s): Mariana de Menezes Pereira, Taciana Pereira Sant'Ana Santos, Milena Santana Cabral, Geraldo Pedral Sampaio, Roque Aras, Paulo Ribeiro, Ajax M. Atta
http://ift.tt/2DMn26d
Prognostic nomogram incorporating neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for early mortality in decompensated liver cirrhosis
Source:International Immunopharmacology, Volume 56
Author(s): Lin Lin, Fang Yang, Ya Wang, Shuai Su, Zhengyan Su, Xihui Jiang, Yanmin Zheng, You Deng, Houning Lv, Jingwen Zhao, Rui Lin, Bangmao Wang, Chao Sun
BackgroundNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a marker of systemic inflammation. However, its predictive utility of 30-day mortality remains elusive in decompensated cirrhotics.AimsWe aimed to combine NLR and other variables associated with early mortality of cirrhotics with acute insults in to a predictive nomogram.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 352 decompensated cirrhotics. The 30-day mortality was regarded as primary outcome. Multivariate Cox analysis was performed, and a NLR-based nomogram was developed. The performance of nomogram was determined in terms of its calibration, discrimination and clinical usefulness. Serum cytokines were evaluated by Milliplex cytokine assay.ResultsOn multiple analysis, independent factors for early mortality were albumin, MELD and NLR, which were all selected into the nomogram. The nomogram showed good discrimination, with a concordance index of 0.88. Calibration of the nomogram predicted survival corresponding optimally with the actual outcomes. Decision curve analysis indicated our nomogram was useful in clinical practice. Among circulating cytokines we investigated, IL-6 and IL-8 were substantially elevated in cirrhotics compared to healthy subjects. High NLR was positively correlated with the expression of IL-6 and IL-8.ConclusionThe proposed nomogram incorporating NLR offered an individualized predictive tool for 30-day mortality in decompensated cirrhotics. The escalating value of NLR likely implicated excessive inflammatory response.
http://ift.tt/2Es9zlf
HIV Reactivation after Partial Protection by Neutralizing Antibodies
Publication date: Available online 30 January 2018
Source:Trends in Immunology
Author(s): Matthew S. Parsons, Deborah Cromer, Miles P. Davenport, Stephen J. Kent
It is widely thought that generating broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies (BnAbs) will protect humans against HIV, given promising data from in vitro experiments and in vivo macaque studies. The primary action of BnAbs is preventing cell-free virus from entering cells. Recent in vitro and macaque data suggest that BnAbs are less potent against cell-associated virus exposure. We speculate that BnAb-based suppression of HIV transmission, particularly if mediated by cell–cell transmission, may result in some exposed subjects carrying a form of latent (or 'occult') HIV infection. Such largely hidden HIV infections may subsequently reactivate when BnAb levels decline. This concept has implications for the achievement of long-term sterilizing immunity to HIV.
http://ift.tt/2DZx7QF
Scholar : These new articles for Environmental Claims Journal are available online
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Multimodality imaging of endocrine immune related adverse events: a primer for radiologists
Publication date: July–August 2018
Source:Clinical Imaging, Volume 50
Author(s): Francesco Alessandrino, Hina J. Shah, Nikhil H. Ramaiya
Immune-related endocrine adverse events occur in up to one third of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the multimodality imaging features of the different immune-related endocrine adverse events. In this article, we will introduce the different types of immune checkpoint inhibitors used in clinical practice, and for each endocrine organ affected we will describe the clinical presentation, the multimodality imaging features at presentation and after treatment, and the possible differential diagnosis.
http://ift.tt/2nswTYX
MRI findings of postherpetic abdominal wall pseudohernia: A case report
Publication date: July–August 2018
Source:Clinical Imaging, Volume 50
Author(s): Andrés Miranda-Merchak, Nicolás García, Roberto Vallejo, Cristián Varela
Herpes zoster is caused by the reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus from dorsal root ganglia. Although infrequent, simultaneous damage to the anterior horn cells or anterior nerve roots at the same level may result in motor neuropathy. When motor involvement is localized in the abdominal wall, a pseudohernia may be the clinical presentation. We report a case of abdominal wall post-herpetic pseudohernia, with clinical, ultrasound and MRI correlation. MRI demonstrated increased T2/STIR signal intensity in the abdominal wall muscles, suggesting acute denervation. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of postherpetic pseudohernia with acute denervation demonstrated on MRI.
http://ift.tt/2BG0z91
Breast cancer screening: Where have we been and where are we going? A personal perspective based on history, data and experience
Publication date: July–August 2018
Source:Clinical Imaging, Volume 50
Author(s): Daniel B. Kopans
It is important to understand the history of breast cancer screening to better understand the continuing effort to reduce access to screening. Since the randomized, controlled trials have shown a statistically significant mortality reduction for women ages 40–74, the appropriate threshold for initiating screening is age 40 with no data to support the use of the age of 50 as a threshold for screening. All women are at risk for developing breast cancer and all women should have access to screening.
http://ift.tt/2no2SJy
Hypovascular hypointense nodules in hepatobiliary phase without T2 hyperintensity: long-term outcomes and added value of DWI in predicting hypervascular transformation
Publication date: July–August 2018
Source:Clinical Imaging, Volume 50
Author(s): Hae Jin Yang, Ji Soo Song, Eun Jung Choi, HyeMi Choi, Jae Do Yang, Woo Sung Moon
PurposeTo evaluate outcomes and risk factors associated with hypervascularization in hypovascular, hepatobiliary phase (HBP) hypointense nodules (HHNs) without T2 hyperintensity on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images in chronic liver disease patients.Materials and methods222 HHNs were analyzed. Multivariate analysis with a Cox proportional hazard regression model was used.Results41 nodules became hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). History of HCC, hyperintensity on T1WI or DWI, and higher growth rate were risk factors for hypervascularization (P < .05).ConclusionHistory of HCC, hyperintensity on T1WI or DWI, and higher growth rate were associated with nodular progression to hypervascular HCC.
http://ift.tt/2BG0vGj
Thirty-day complication rate of percutaneous gastrojejunostomy and gastrostomy tube insertion using a single-puncture, dual-anchor technique
Publication date: July–August 2018
Source:Clinical Imaging, Volume 50
Author(s): Rebecca Zener, Alexandra C. Istl, Kerollos N. Wanis, David Hocking, Jacob Kachura, Shaker Alshehri, Amol Mujoomdar, Steven Latosinsky, Daniele Wiseman
PurposeOur objective was to assess 30-day mortality and complication rates associated with percutaneous enteral feeding tube insertion using a single-puncture, dual-suture anchor gastropexy and peel-away sheath technique. We explored differences in complications based on indication and gastrostomy versus gastrojejunostomy tube.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted of adult patients undergoing fluoroscopically guided gastrojejunostomy (GJ) and gastrostomy (G) tube insertions between July 2011 and 2014 by five interventional radiologists at a single tertiary care centre. A single-puncture dual-anchor gastropexy technique with a peel-away sheath was used for all patients. Complications within 30 day post-procedure were classified based on the Society of Interventional Radiology Standards of Practice for Gastrointestinal Access. Procedure-related mortality and complication rates, as well as indication-specific complication rates, were compared between GJ and G groups.Results559 consecutive patients underwent G (86) or GJ (473) tube insertion. Primary technical success was 100%. Nine major (1.6%) and 60 minor (10.7%) complications occurred for an overall complication rate of 12.3%. The 30-day complication rate was significantly higher for GJ compared to G tube insertion (13.5% v. 5.8%, p = .049). There was a trend toward a higher 30-day minor complication rate for the GJ group (11.8% v. 4.7%, p = .057), but no significant difference between groups with respect to major complications (1.7% v. 1.2%, p = 1.0). Four procedure-related deaths occurred resulting in an overall procedure-related mortality of 0.7%. No significant difference in the procedure-related mortality was found between GJ and G groups (0.6% v. 1.2%, p = .49).ConclusionThe 30-day major complication and procedure-related mortality rates from G and GJ tube insertion are low when using a single-puncture, dual-anchor gastropexy technique. GJ tube insertion is associated with a higher overall complication rate, likely due to more minor complications, but may avoid long-term adverse events.
http://ift.tt/2nl5PL6
miR15a and miR16 in Chilean type 1 diabetes patients: possible association with apoptosis, inflammatory, or autoimmunity markers
Abstract
Aim
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the progressive destruction of β cells, mediated by the interaction between T cells and several cytokines. The pathogenesis of T1D has established its possible relationship with miRNAs. In this study, we analyze the expression profile of miR-15a and miR-16 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and their possible association with apoptosis, inflammation, or autoimmunity markers.
Patients and methodology
38 T1D patients and 41 control subjects were recruited. mRNAs were analyzed by means of qPCR and TaqMan probes. PBMCs were treated with different concentrations of glucose (baseline, 11 and 25 mM) with or without an inflammatory stimulus as TNF-α (10 ng/ml).
Results
A decrease in the levels of the miR-15a expression in basal conditions is observed in T1D patients compared to healthy control subjects (relative units 0.5 vs. 1.8, p < 0.05). This change in miR-15a and miR-16 is not affected by the addition of TNF-α. No association is observed with inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, vCAM) or apoptosis (bcl2 expression). The relationship with immunological markers shows an interaction effect between miR16 and IA-2 (p < 0.03).
Conclusion
TNF-α does not affect the expression profile of miR-15a and miR16 in PBMCs. A weak correlation is observed between miR-16 and with the autoimmunity profile (IA-2 autoantibody).
http://ift.tt/2DQzbXR
Longitudinal AddiQoL scores may identify higher risk for adrenal crises in Addison’s disease
Abstract
Purpose
Several studies have shown a reduced quality of life (QoL) in patients with Addison's disease (AD), but investigations of QoL over a long-term course are lacking. Adrenal crises (AC) are life-threatening complications in AD. The purpose of this prospective study was to test whether the repeated use of QoL-questionnaires can detect prodromal periods of an AC.
Methods
110 patients with AD were asked to complete the disease specific-QoL questionnaire AddiQoL and a short questionnaire about adverse events once monthly over a period of ten months. AC was defined if at least two of the following symptoms were reported: (a) hypotension, (b) nausea or vomiting, (c) severe fatigue, (d) documented hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, or hypoglycemia, and subsequent parenteral glucocorticoid administration was carried out.
Results
Prevalence of AC was 10.9/100 patient years. AddiQoL scores in patients with AC showed a trend (p = 0,08) to a wider fluctuation over time. Subjective precrises not meeting the criteria for AC were reported by 31 patients who had significantly lower AddiQoL scores (p = 0,018).
Conclusions
These are the first data showing the course of QoL during a period of ten months in patients with AD. Incidence of AC exceeds previous data. Our data show, that subjective precrises in AD associate with lower QoL. AC, as well as precrises affect intraindividual AddiQol-scores over time with a trend to a stronger fluctuation. Longitudinal AddiQol scores and self-reporting of precrises via patient diaries are additional clinical tools to identify higher risk for critical events.
http://ift.tt/2Es6die
Violaceous Pink Axillary and Intertriginous Patches: Challenge
No abstract availablehttp://ift.tt/2BGYz0d
The Value of Direct Immunofluorescence on Proteinase-Digested Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Skin Biopsies
Abstract: Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) on frozen tissue (DIF-F) is the method of choice for the identification of immune deposits present in skin and other tissues. DIF can also be performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (DIF-P) after antigen retrieval with proteases and has proven to be of value in renal pathology. However, its utility in skin biopsies has not been fully examined. In this study, we performed DIF-P on 60 skin biopsies that comprised of bullous pemphigoid (n = 18), pemphigoid gestationis (n = 1), pemphigus (n = 7), linear IgA disease (n = 7), vasculitis (n = 20), lupus erythematosus (n = 3), and dermatitis herpetiformis (n = 4) cases. We compared the results of DIF-P with those of DIF-F from the same patients. The diagnostic features were found in 15 of 19 (79%) pemphigoid (bullous pemphigoid and pemphigoid gestationis), 3 of 7 (43%) pemphigus, 3 of 7 (43%) linear IgA disease, 14 of 20 (70%) vasculitis, 1 of 3 (33%) lupus erythematosus, and none (0%) of the dermatitis herpetiformis cases tested. Overall, DIF-P is less sensitive than DIF-F but seems to be a valuable technique that could aid in the diagnosis of vasculitides, immunobullous, and connective tissue disorders when fresh tissue is unavailable.http://ift.tt/2BFBScL
Retiform Purpura After Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization: A Case Report
Abstract: Cutaneous complications secondary to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) are exceptionally rare and may occur because of nontarget embolization of terminal vessels supplying the skin. We present a patient who developed painful retiform purpura on the right flank shortly after TACE for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biopsy revealed intravascular tan to yellow amorphous spherical structures within the dermis, confirming the presence of foreign material within these vessels. The authors review the literature and discuss previous cases of skin lesions manifesting after TACE, as well as potential factors influencing the probability of cutaneous complications. Histopathologic findings described in similar cases are presented. Prophylactic measures and attempted treatments to reduce likelihood of long-term injury are also reviewed. An awareness that cutaneous injury is a rare, but potential complication of transcatheter arterial embolization, as well as an understanding of management options is important for any provider using this procedure.http://ift.tt/2nnZKxt
Genomic Assessment of Blitz Nevi Suggests Classification as a Subset of Blue Nevus Rather Than Spitz Nevus: Clinical, Histopathologic, and Molecular Analysis of 18 Cases
Abstract: Blitz nevi/tumors are a distinct subset of melanocytic neoplasia which show mixed morphologic features of Spitz and blue nevus. Genomically, most blue nevi have GNAQ or GNA11 mutations while most Spitzoid neoplasms have either an HRAS mutation or translocations involving MET, ROS, BRAF, ALK1, NTRK1, and RET. The criteria used for the assessment of malignancy in blue and Spitzoid lesions are different, and these lesions have different prognostic markers. In this study, we assess the clinical, morphological, and genomic changes in 18 cases of Blitz nevi/tumors to better characterize this subset of neoplasms and determine their optimal genomic classification. Most lesions occurred on the extremities followed by the head and neck region typical of blue nevi. Histology showed most cases having a prominent plexiform growth pattern with cells aggregating around the adnexal structures and neurovascular bundles also typical of blue nevi. Using next generation sequencing, we detected the presence of somatic mutations in GNAQ or GNA11 in 4 of 7 cases (57%) of Blitz nevi with sufficient DNA available for sequencing. Normal skin samples in these 4 cases were sequenced to confirm that the GNAQ or GNA11 mutations were somatic mutations. All 4 cases were negative for immunohistochemical assessment for wild-type BRAF, RET, ALK, and NTRK1 and mutational analysis of HRAS was also negative in all cases. Hence, our study suggests that Blitz nevi/tumors are a distinct subset which genomically are best classified as a subset of blue nevi.http://ift.tt/2BFQ5Xg
Plaque-Like Pilar Sheath Acanthoma: Histopathologic and Immunohistochemical Study of 3 Unusual Cases
Abstract: Pilar sheath acanthoma is an uncommon, benign follicular neoplasm that frequently presents as a solitary lesion. This neoplasm usually appears on the skin around the upper lip of elderly patients. Histopathologically, the neoplasm usually shows a cystic configuration with epithelial lobules resembling to those of the outer root sheath of the hair follicle at the level of the isthmus emanating radially from the cyst wall. We present 3 peculiar cases of a pilar sheath acanthoma showing a plaque-like architecture because the lesions exhibited a horizontal configuration. To our knowledge, there are no previously reported examples of plaque-like pilar sheath acanthoma.http://ift.tt/2BFYSs4
Bilateral and Symmetrical Linear Plaques on the Hands: Challenge
No abstract availablehttp://ift.tt/2nnZy1d
A Case of Phacomatosis Pigmentokeratotica Associated With Multiple Basal Cell Carcinomas
Abstract: Phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica is a recently identified disease characterized by the coexistence of an epidermal nevus with sebaceous differentiation arranged along Blaschko lines and a speckled lentiginous nevus showing a checkerboard pattern, mostly in association with various extracutaneous defects. A 52-year-old man presented with asymptomatic ulcerative plaque on his left side of perioral area. A 2 × 2-cm–sized fleshy colored ulceration on his left perioral area was consistent with basal cell carcinoma with nevus sebaceous. Next to the ulceration, there was a light pinkish to fleshy colored papule on his left cheek that showed syringocystadenoma papilliferum. On his chin area, there was a 2 × 0.3-cm–sized skin colored papule that was consistent with trichilemmoma. Moreover, various sized light brownish macules and dark brownish papules were also located on his left side of the chest wall, back, and arm. Biopsy specimens from macules on the left side of the trunk confirmed the clinical diagnosis of speckled lentiginous nevus and multiple black papules beside that a speckled lentiginous nevus also revealed basal cell carcinomas. Herein, we present a rare case of a patient with phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica who had no extracutaneous abnormalities and who developed basal cell carcinoma, syringocystadenoma papilliferum, and trichilemmoma in nevus sebaceous on the face and speckled lentiginous nevus on the trunk. This syndrome needs adequate follow-up due to the possibility of malignant transformation.http://ift.tt/2BFMYi9
Collagen Anomalies as Clues for Diagnosis: Part 2
Background: Collagen is the most abundant protein in the body and the main structural component of the skin. Objective: To provide a review of the histopathology of collagen alterations and to propose a classification with the most important types of collagen anomalies in dermatopathology. The authors describe some of the main morphological clues of collagen anomalies for specific diagnosis of some cutaneous inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Methods: The authors review histopathologic collagen anomalies, concerning both morphology and disposition in some inflammatory and neoplastic cutaneous conditions, and they review previous terminology and proposed a classification of the most important types of collagen anomalies that can be seen in dermatopathological practice. Results: Collagen anomalies in skin can be classified into lamellar fibrosis, sclerosis, and "balls" and "rings" of collagen. Lamellar fibrosis presents as long and thin collagen bundles forming a delicate network, which can be disposed in a parallel pattern, onion-bulb-like pattern, and storiform pattern. Sclerosis is characterized by large, thick, and eosinophilic bundles of collagen, which may present as a homogenous-diffuse pattern or as individual thick bundles of collagen with few or abundant number of fibroblasts between them. Finally, the authors propose the terms "balls" and "rings" of collagen. The term "balls" of collagen stands for thick, homogenous, eosinophilic, globular collagen bundles, with no distinguishable individual composing fibers, which include the floating sign and the free-floating sign. The term "rings" of collagen is characterized by sclerotic collagen arranged in a homogenous rimming pattern around vessels without independent fibers in its composition. Conclusions: Collagen anomalies may be important clues to establish specific clues for specific diagnoses in dermatopathology.http://ift.tt/2no6ZVT
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Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ωτα ] [HTML] Gender, identity and material: Film screening C Brand - 2017 ftypM4V *M4V M4A mp42isom*a┌moovlmvhd...
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Publication date: September 2017 Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 110 Author(s): Lucía Fernández-del-Río, Anish Nag, Elen...
