Scholar : intitle:Bioprinting - νέα αποτελέσματα

Cartilage Tissue Engineering using Stem Cells and Bioprinting Technology–Barriers to Clinical Translation

SL Francis, C Di Bella, GG Wallace, PF Choong - Frontiers in Surgery, 2018

There is no long-term treatment strategy for young and active patients with cartilage
defects. Early and effective joint preserving treatments in these patients are crucial in
preventing the development of osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering over the past few …

[PDF] Development and Application of an Additively Manufactured Calcium Chloride Nebulizer for Alginate 3D-Bioprinting Purposes

L Raddatz, A Lavrentieva, I Pepelanova, J Bahnemann… - Journal of Functional …, 2018

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinting enables scientists to mimic in vivo micro-
environments and to perform in vitro cell experiments under more physiological
conditions than is possible with conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. Cell …

 

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Scholar : Laryngotracheal reconstruction - νέα αποτελ

Subglottic stenosis: An evaluation of an elderly treatment‐seeking population

AM Collins, K Chorath, CB Simpson - The Laryngoscope, 2018

… All patients aged ≥65 years and 90.2% of those aged <65 years required more than one
surgery (Table I). There were two patients in the aged <65 years group and none in the
aged ≥65 years group that went on to have a laryngotracheal reconstruction …

[HTML] Isolated neonatal bilateral vocal cord paralysis revealing a unilateral medullary defect: a case report

C Brotelande, N Leboucq, M Akkari, T Roujeau… - BMC Pediatrics, 2018

… 3D bone CT reconstruction showing hypoplasia of the posterior hemiarches
of C1 … This examination needs to be completed with rigid laryngotracheal
endoscopy under general … well-circumscribed, unilateral defect, tractography …

[HTML] Suture fixation of tracheal stents for the treatment of upper trachea stenosis: a retrospective study

J Huang, Z Zhang, T Zhang - Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 2018

… trachea, carina or main bronchi [2]. The causes for tracheal stenosis are
various and the optimal therapy is not well defined, depending largely on
the type of the stenosis [3]. Generally, in some very experienced surgery …

 

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Scholar : ΑΥΧΕΝΑΣ - νέα αποτελέσματα

[PDF] Περιβαλλοντική αξιολόγηση κινδύνου λιμένων βασική μελέτη: λιμένας Περάματος

Δ Λαγουδάκη - 2018

Page 1. ΔΙΙΔΡΥΜΑΤΙΚΟ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΜΕΤΑΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΩΝ ΣΠΟΥΔΩΝ
«ΝΕΕΣ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΕΣ ΣΤΗ ΝΑΥΤΙΛΙΑ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ ΜΕΤΑΦΟΡΕΣ» ΤΙΤΛΟΣ
ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΑΞΙΟΛΟΓΗΣΗ ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΥ ΛΙΜΕΝΩΝ ΒΑΣΙΚΗ …

 

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Scholar : ΨΕΥΔΟΜΟΝΑΔΑ - νέα αποτελέσμα

[PDF] Οι γνώσεις και οι απόψεις του νοσηλευτικού προσωπικού στη ΜΕΘ σχετικά με την πρόληψη και αντιμετώπιση των λοιμώξεων και οι επιπτώσεις στην αποκατάσταση

Θ ΜΠΑΡΜΠΕΡΗΣ - 2018

… Τα Gram αρνητικά μικρόβια, όπως είναι το κολοβακτηρίδιο, τα εντεροβακτηρίδια, η
κλεµπσιέλλα και η ψευδοµονάδα, είναι τα συχνότερα σε ασθενείς µε νοσοκοµειακές λοιµώξεις.
Τα τελευταία χρόνια το ακινετοβακτηρίδιο φαίνεται ότι κάνει την εμφάνισή …

 

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Scholar : ΑΚΟΥΣΤΙΚΟ - νέα αποτελέσματα

[PDF] Μελέτη Η/Μ διαταραχών κινητής τηλεφωνίας

Ν Αργυρού, AMA Abdelsayed - 2018

Page 1. AΕΙ ΠΕΙΡΑΙΑT.T. ΣΧΟΛΗ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΩΝ ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΩΝ ΤΜΗΜΑ
ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΩΝ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΩΝ ΥΠΟΛΟΓΙΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΩΝ TE
ΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ ΜΕΛΕΤΗ Η/Μ ΔΙΑΤΑΡΑΧΩΝ ΚΙΝΗΤΗΣ ΤΗΛΕΦΩΝΙΑΣ …

[PDF] Σχεδιασμός και υλοποίηση μηχανισμών διαδραστικού παιχνιδιού Η/Υ με τη χρήση της μηχανής γραφικών Unity 3D

Χ Μιζηκάκης - 2018

Page 1. Μεταπτυχιακή Διατριβή Μιζηκάκης Χρήστος Υλοποίηση
Διαδραστικού Παιχνιδιού Η/Υ με τη Χρήση της Μηχανής Γραφικών Unity
3D 1 Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς – Τμήμα Πληροφορικής Πρόγραμμα …

 

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Scholar : Undersea "Hyperbaric Medicine" - νέα αποτελέσματα

A Literature Review of Immersion Pulmonary Edema

M Kumar, PD Thompson - The Physician and sportsmedicine, 2018

… Introduction. Underwater diving has been associated with several well-established medical
complications including barotrauma, decompression sickness, and nitrogen narcosis …
Pulmonary edema in scuba divers: recurrence and fatal outcome. Undersea Hyperb Med …

[PDF] THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF MSC EXOSOMES

DJ Spiel

Page 1. THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF MSC EXOSOMES Douglas J. Spiel, MD
Page 2. TOPICAL EXOSOMES Page 3. Arnold Caplan: ▪ 2006 – "The trophic effects
of MSCs may have profound clinical use."1 ▪ 2017 – "I now …

 

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Scholar : ωτα - νέα αποτελέσματα

The Hippocratic Doctrine of "the Acute Brain Suffering" as the Brain Stroke

G Tsoucalas, TG Papaioannou, M Karamanou - Journal of Stroke and …, 2018

… και η κόρη σχίζεται, και δοκέει εκ του ενός δύο οράν... και ην αναστή, σκοτοδινίη μιν
λαμβάνει... και τα ώτα τέτριγε... και εμέει σίελα και λάπην, ενιότε δε και τα σιτία). 24 In
a following text fragment the description continues, "the patient …

 

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Scholar : ΝΕΥΡΙΝΩΜΑ - νέα αποτελέσματα

[PDF] Μελέτη Η/Μ διαταραχών κινητής τηλεφωνίας

Ν Αργυρού, AMA Abdelsayed - 2018

Page 1. AΕΙ ΠΕΙΡΑΙΑT.T. ΣΧΟΛΗ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΩΝ ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΩΝ ΤΜΗΜΑ
ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΩΝ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΩΝ ΥΠΟΛΟΓΙΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΩΝ TE
ΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ ΜΕΛΕΤΗ Η/Μ ΔΙΑΤΑΡΑΧΩΝ ΚΙΝΗΤΗΣ ΤΗΛΕΦΩΝΙΑΣ …

 

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Determination of histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical effects of acute and chronic grayanotoxin III administration in different doses in rats

Abstract

Grayanotoxin (GTX)-III is a Na-channel neurotoxin. Grayanotoxins can be found in the nectar, pollen, and other plant parts of the Rhododendron genus plants from the Ericaceae family. It is widely believed that honey produced from these plants, which are concentrated in the Black Sea region, is traditionally characterized as enhancing sexual performance. It is thought that the effective factor is dose for this compound, which has both beneficial and toxic effects reported. Therefore, it is aimed to evaluate the histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical effects of acute and chronic impact of GTX-III in different doses on testes tissue in this study. For this purpose, 100 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 5 separate groups for acute and chronic research. While dose groups were (control, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, ve 0.8 μg/kg/bw) for experimental groups, a single dose (i.p.) was administered for acute impact whereas the same doses were administered daily for 3 weeks to assess chronic effect. At the end of the experiment, Johnsen testicular biopsy scoring was performed on testicular tissue samples, seminiferous tubule diameters were measured, and apoptotic cells were evaluated by TUNEL method. Testosterone, LH, and FSH levels were measured by ELISA method in serum and tissue specimens. It was found that Johnsen score of acute doses was significantly lower than the control group, and the diameter of the seminiferous tubules decreased significantly in acute and chronic dose-administered groups compared to the control. Hemorrhage, epithelial shedding, irregularity in seminiferous epithelium, and vacuolization were observed in acute and chronic dose-administered groups, and increase in apoptotic cells was determined. Hormone levels varied depending on the dose. In conclusion, it was found that dose-dependent acute and chronic effects of GTX-III are different, and this factor should be taken into account in studies to be carried out due to the adverse effects of high doses.

https://ift.tt/2qKUEfG

Patterns of Cortical Visual Field Defects From Embolic Stroke Explained by the Anastomotic Organization of Vascular Microlobules

Abstract: The cerebral cortex is supplied by vascular microlobules, each comprised of a half dozen penetrating arterioles that surround a central draining venule. The surface arterioles that feed the penetrating arterioles are interconnected via an extensively anastomotic plexus. Embolic occlusion of a small surface arteriole rarely produces a local infarct, because collateral blood flow is available through the vascular reticulum. Collateral flow also protects against infarct after occlusion of a single penetrating arteriole. Cortical infarction requires blockage of a major arterial trunk, with arrest of blood flow to a relatively large vascular territory. For striate cortex, the major vessels compromised by emboli are the inferior calcarine and superior calcarine arteries, as well as the distal branches of the middle cerebral artery. Their vascular territories have a fairly consistent relationship with the retinotopic map. Consequently, occlusion by emboli results in stereotypical visual field defects. The organization of the arterial supply to the occipital lobe provides an anatomical explanation for a phenomenon that has long puzzled neuro-ophthalmologists, namely, that of the myriad potential patterns of cortical visual field loss, only a few are encountered commonly from embolic cortical stroke.

https://ift.tt/2DiWoVd

Herpes Zoster Optic Neuropathy: Comment

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2PUWNno

Factors Associated With Lack of Vision Improvement in Children With Cortical Visual Impairment

Background: Improvement in vision has been noted in children with cortical visual impairment (CVI), resulting from disparate types of brain injury. The purpose of our study was to determine the risk factors associated with poor recovery of vision in this group of patients. Methods: Case records of children who were born before 2010 with at least 4 follow-up visits for CVI were reviewed for underlying etiologies of CVI, visual acuity (VA), and associated neurological and ophthalmological disorders. VA was assessed in 6 qualitative grades. Changes in VA were recorded as the difference between the grades of VA at presentation and the last follow-up visit. The outcome was calculated as a ratio of actual improvement to potential improvement in grades of qualitative VA. Multiple linear regression determined factors associated with lack of vision improvement in all children and based on etiology. Results: Fifty-three children with CVI were identified. The median age at presentation was 13.6 months (range: 2.9–76.4 months) and the median follow-up was 5.8 years (1.1–16.3 years). CVI resulted from central nervous system (CNS) malformation (9.4%), hypoxic/inflammatory injury (15.1%), seizures (24.5%), and combined causes (51.0%). Vision improvement was noted in 83% of children. Lack of VA improvement was associated with older age at presentation in all children with CVI and within each etiological group except CNS malformation. None of the other investigated variables were associated with poor recovery of VA. Conclusions: Most of the children with CVI showed improvement in vision. Older age at presentation, but not etiology of CVI, was associated with poor improvement in VA.

https://ift.tt/2PU9tL9

Seneca and the First Description of Anton Syndrome

Abstract: Seneca was a Roman philosopher, politician, and mentor to the young Nero. He later fell in disgrace and was sentenced to death by the Emperor. Seneca left many texts, one of the most influential being his Moral Letters to Lucilius (63 CE). In Letter 50, he describes the case of Harpaste, his wife's foolish slave who acutely became blind. She denied her illness and argued irrationally about room darkness, constantly asking attendants to change her quarters. Harpaste's case, consisting of acutely acquired blindness and anosognosia in the presence of relatively well-preserved cognition, fulfills the clinical criteria for the diagnosis of Anton syndrome, and probably constitutes its first description.

https://ift.tt/2Dj4j4U

MRI of the Optic Nerves and Chiasm in Patients With Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy

Background: The aim of this study was to characterize brain and orbital MRI features of patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), with particular attention to the optic nerves and chiasm. Method: We studied a patient cohort with genetically confirmed LHON followed at 2 ophthalmologic hospitals in France between 2013 and 2015. High-resolution brain and orbital MRI studies were analyzed for each patient during the first 12 months after the onset of visual loss was analyzed. Results: Our study included 20 men and 8 women with a mean age of 38.3 years at diagnosis, and all had genetic mutations for LHON. Nineteen patients (67.9%) had T2 hyperintensity in the posterior portion of both optic nerves and in the optic chiasm, and enlargement of the chiasm was found in 16 patients (59.3%). No enhancement of the optic nerves or chiasm was detected. The T2 hyperintensity lesions were not associated with the time between symptom onset and obtaining MRI, the mutation type, or sex of the patient. Nonspecific T2 white matter lesions were found in MRI of 6 patients, but without the characteristics of those found in patients with multiple sclerosis. Conclusions: Involvement of the posterior portions of the optic nerves has been described previously in case reports of patients with LHON. Our results support this observation with neuroimaging performed within 1 year of onset of visual loss. Enlargement of the optic chiasm also may occur in patients with LHON. The pathophysiology of the MRI changes is not yet understood.

https://ift.tt/2PXPQlu

Ocular Motor Dysfunction Due to Brainstem Disorders

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2DhjZpk

Historical Trends in the Diagnosis of Peduncular Hallucinosis

Background: Peduncular hallucinosis (PH) describes the clinical syndrome of vivid, dream-like visual hallucinations that intrude on normal wakefulness. Additional clinical deficits, especially ophthalmoparesis, have historically been an important part of the diagnosis and localization of this syndrome. We examined how modern neuroimaging has impacted the diagnosis of PH. Methods: We reviewed all available cases of PH, including 3 of ours and all previously reported in the literature. We determined whether other eye movement abnormalities were part of the clinical presentation and whether a neuroimaging study was performed to make the diagnosis. Results: A total of 85 cases were identified and evaluated. Eye movement abnormalities were present in 12/15 (80%) without a neuroimaging study but in only 24/70 (34%) of cases in which a neuroimaging study was performed (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Although eye movement abnormalities historically have been considered a key localizing clinical feature supporting the diagnosis of PH, we found that in the era of modern neuroimaging, co-occurring eye movement abnormalities are far less frequent and are not a requisite feature of the diagnosis.

https://ift.tt/2PXluQe

Meliora!

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2DktkNb

Vigabatrin: Lessons Learned From the United States Experience

Abstract: Vigabatrin was introduced as an antiseizure medication in the United Kingdom in 1989 and was extensively used until 1997 when concerns arose regarding peripheral visual field loss. When the drug was approved in the United States in 2009, it carried a black box warning for the risk of permanent visual loss, and the pharmaceutical company was mandated to create a drug registry to assess for visual deficits. The vigabatrin drug registry has documented a relatively large percentage (37%) of preexisting, baseline visual deficits and a paucity (2%) of potential new visual findings. The vigabatrin vision study, a prospective, longitudinal, single-arm, open-label study, confirmed that adult patients with refractory complex partial seizures had a large number of visual deficits at baseline. An unexpected finding during the first year of therapy with vigabatrin was an increase in retinal thickness on optical coherence tomography. The experience from vigabatrin in the United States emphasizes the importance of baseline eye findings when considering the potential of drug toxicity involving the visual pathways.

https://ift.tt/2PPBwvx

Metabolic Concepts in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Their Potential for Therapeutic Intervention

Background: Traditional risk factors associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) include obesity, weight gain, and female sex. The incidence of IIH is increasing and yet the underlying trigger and the fueling pathological mechanisms are still poorly understood. Evidence Acquisition: Review of ophthalmology, neurology, general surgery, obesity, endocrinology, nutrition, and neurosurgery literature was made. Results: The facts that implicate sex and obesity in IIH and headache are examined. The role of fat distribution in IIH is questioned, and the concept of adipose tissue functioning as an endocrine organ driving IIH is discussed. The impact of androgen metabolism in IIH is reviewed as is the emerging role of glucagon-like-peptide-1 analogues in modulating intracranial pressure. This introduces the concept of developing targeted disease-modifying therapeutic strategies for IIH. Conclusions: This review will discuss the possible role of the adipose/gut/brain metabolism axis in IIH and speculate how this may impact the pathogenesis of IIH and therapeutic opportunities.

https://ift.tt/2DhjThs

Optimal Intereye Difference Thresholds in Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness for Predicting a Unilateral Optic Nerve Lesion in Multiple Sclerosis

Background: The optic nerve is a frequent site for involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) detects thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in eyes of patients with MS and in those meeting criteria for clinically or radiologically isolated demyelinating syndromes. Current international diagnostic criteria for MS do not include the optic nerve as an imaging lesion site despite the high prevalence of acute optic neuritis (ON), or occult optic neuropathy, among early MS and clinically isolated syndrome patients; as well as most MS patients over the course of the disease. We sought to determine optimal thresholds for intereye difference in peripapillary RNFL thickness that are most predictive of a unilateral optic nerve lesion. Methods: We analyzed spectral domain OCT data of 31 healthy volunteers and 124 patients with MS at a single center as part of an ongoing collaborative investigation of visual outcomes. Intereye differences in peripapillary (360°) RNFL thickness were calculated as the absolute value of the difference. First, we determined the 95th percentile value of intereye difference for the healthy volunteers. This value was applied to the convenience sample group of MS patients as a validation cohort determining how well this threshold could distinguish patients with vs without a history of unilateral ON. The relation of intereye differences in peripapillary RNFL thickness to binocular low-contrast letter acuity scores was also examined. Results: Among healthy volunteer participants (n = 31), the 95th percentile value for intereye difference (upper boundary of expected for normal controls) was 6.0 μm. This value was applied to the convenience sample group of MS patients (n = 124, validation cohort). Positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity for identifying MS patients with a history of unilateral ON were calculated for the 6-μm threshold value in a 2 × 2 table analysis with the application of χ2 tests (P

https://ift.tt/2PT4tXi

Anti-Interleukin-6 Antibody as Treatment for Giant Cell Arteritis

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2DiwS2h

Retinal Arterio-Arterial Collaterals in Susac Syndrome

Background: The ophthalmic findings of Susac syndrome (SS) consist of visual field defects related to branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO), and fluorescein angiography (FA) reveals a unique staining pattern. To date, retinal arterial collateral development has been described only in a single patient. Given that the immunopathological process in SS induces retinal ischemia, it is conceivable that abnormal blood vessel development may occur in affected individuals. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study. The medical records including fundus photography and FA of all patients with SS were reviewed, and those with any type of retinal arterial collateral were identified. Results: A total of 11 patients were identified with retinal collaterals. Five were men. Age ranged from 20 to 50 years. Ten patients had arterio-arterial (A-A) collaterals and 1 had arterio-venous (A-V) collaterals, and all had collaterals remote from the optic disc. No collaterals were present at onset of illness and the first developed at 9 months. Conclusions: The literature reveals scant evidence for the association between BRAO and retinal arterial collaterals. Our findings indicate that retinal arterial collaterals in SS are usually A-A and not A-V and may be more common in this disorder than previously believed. Collaterals do not develop early in the disease, and there may be a predilection toward development in men. The chronic inflammatory state of SS may be the stimulus for the development of these arterial collaterals.

https://ift.tt/2PZAQDA

Peripapillary Hyperreflective Ovoid Mass-Like Structures: Is It Optic Disc Drusen or Not? Response

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2DhjDiu

Visual Outcomes and Clinical Manifestations of Pediatric Optic Neuritis in Indian Population: An Institutional Study

Background: Optic neuritis in children is an uncommon disorder which usually occurs after a viral illness or vaccination and, less frequently, occurs as a manifestation of a demyelinating disorder. Pediatric optic neuritis usually is bilateral and presents with optic disc edema, recovers rapidly with steroid therapy, and generally has low conversion rate to multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. We report the clinical features and treatment outcomes of pediatric optic neuritis in Indian population, for which little data are available. Methods: We reviewed the medical case records of patients with optic neuritis who were younger than 18 years, from 1999 to 2016. All patients were assessed and managed in the Neuro-Ophthalmology Department of Sankara Nethralaya, a unit of Medical Research Foundation and Pediatric Neurology Department of Kanchi Kamakoti—Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India. Results: One hundred seventeen eyes of 78 children with mean age of 11.84 (±4.58) years were identified. Forty-two (53.8%) were females and 36 (46.2%) were males. Thirty-nine patients (50%) had bilateral involvement and a similar number had unilateral involvement. Fifty-nine eyes (50.4%) had optic disc edema, 20 eyes (17.1%) had disc pallor, and 38 eyes (32.4%) had normal discs. Of 63 patients who had neuroimaging, 36 had MRI, and 27 underwent computed tomography. Eighty-four eyes (of 59 patients) received steroid therapy according to the protocol of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial (ONTT). Thirty-three eyes that were treated with other steroid protocols were excluded from the final visual outcome analyses. Sixty of the 84 eyes (72.3%) recovered visual acuity of 20/40 or better. Visual acuity improvement was statistically significant between initial and final visual acuity (logMAR) in our patients treated with the ONTT protocol (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: Our Indian pediatric population had good visual recovery after steroid treatment for optic neuritis. Profound loss of visual acuity on presentation and bilateral involvement were significantly associated with poor visual outcome.

https://ift.tt/2PVNSCf

Rhoton's Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2Dhjsnk

Cardiac Disorders in Patients With Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy

Background: Cardiac abnormalities have been described in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Some are life-threatening because of the risk of ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. The purpose of our study was to better characterize the cardiac abnormalities in a large patient cohort with LHON. Methods: A retrospective study of the electrocardiogram (EKG) results performed on all patients with LHON evaluated at The Reference Center for Rare Diseases in Ophthalmology, Paris, France, from January 2015 to June 2017. Results: Our series included 73 patients with LHON (9 women/64 men) with a mean age of 30.29 ± 14.48 years. Although only 1 patient had cardiac complaints, cardiac abnormalities were detected in 17 patients (23.2%): 9 patients had an excitation syndrome, 6 had atrioventricular block, and 2 had repolarization abnormalities. All patients harbored mtDNA point mutations 11778 or 3460. Conclusions: Cardiac abnormalities occur frequently enough in patients with LHON that a baseline EKG is warranted. However, further studies are needed to determine the true cardiac risk associated with specific LHON mtDNA mutations.

https://ift.tt/2Q2vLL7

Should Spinal MRI Be Routinely Performed in Patients With Clinically Isolated Optic Neuritis?

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2DjH4rb

T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Presenting as Dissecting Cellulitis and Cavernous Sinus Syndrome

No abstract available

https://ift.tt/2PU9oqP

Visual Snow: Visual Misperception

Background: Visual snow (VS) is a constant visual disturbance described as flickering dots occupying the entire visual field. Recently, it was characterized as the defining feature of a VS syndrome (VSS), which includes palinopsia, photophobia, photopsias, entoptic phenomena, nyctalopia, and tinnitus. Sixty percent of patients with VSS also experience migraine, with or without aura. This entity often is considered psychogenic in nature, to the detriment of the patient's best interests, but the high frequency of similar visual symptoms argues for an organic deficit. The purpose of this review is to clarify VSS as a true entity and elaborate the nature of individual symptoms and their relationship to each other. Evidence Acquisition: The literature was reviewed with specific regard to the clinical presentation and psychophysical, neurophysiological, and functional imaging studies in patients with defined visual disturbances that comprise VSS. Results: Consideration of the individual symptoms suggests that multiple factors are potentially involved in the development of VSS, including subcortical network malfunction and cortical hyperexcitation. Although there is substantial overlap between VSS and migraine syndromes in terms of co-occurring symptoms, both neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies provide substantial evidence of separate abnormalities of processing, supporting these as separate syndromes. Conclusions: VSS is likely associated with either hyperactive visual cortices or, alternatively, impaired processing of simultaneous afferent information projecting to cortex. VSS likely results from widespread disturbance of sensory processing resulting in sensory misperception. There may be a number of syndromes associated with impaired sensory processing resulting in sensory misperception, including migraine, persistent perceptual postural dizziness, and tinnitus, which overlap with VSS. Elucidation of abnormality in one defined syndrome may provide a path forward for investigating all.

https://ift.tt/2DkthRv

Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions by adsorption on magnetic bentonite

Abstract

Bentonite is a porous clay material that shows good performance for adsorbing heavy metals and other pollutants for wastewater remediation. In our previous study, magnetic bentonite (M-B) was prepared to solve the separation problem and improve the operability. In this study, we investigated the influence of various parameters on the Pb(II) adsorption of M-B, and it showed effective performance. About 98.9% adsorption removal rate was achieved within 90 min at adsorbent dose of 10 g/L for initial Pb(II) concentration of 200 mg/L at 40 °C and pH 5. The adsorption kinetic fit well by the pseudo-second-order model, and also followed the intra-particle diffusion model up to 90 min. Moreover, adsorption data were successfully reproduced by the Langmuir isotherm; the maximum adsorption capacity was calculated as 80.40 mg/g. The mechanism of interaction between Pb(II) ions and M-B was ionic exchange, surface complexation, and electro-static interactions. Thermodynamics study indicated that the reaction of Pb(II) adsorption on M-B was endothermic and spontaneous; increasing the temperature promoted adsorption. This study was expected to provide a reference and theoretical basis for the treatment of Pb-containing wastewater using bentonite materials.

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