Title-Optical Forceps: The Real Boon for Surgeon, Residents and Patients with Foreign Body Aspiration

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Title-Optical Forceps: The Real Boon for Surgeon, Residents and Patients with Foreign Body Aspiration Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Management of aspirated foreign bodies in children becomes very challenging in absence of most appropriate instruments. Rigid bronchoscopy has evolved in the long course of history. The advent of Hopkins rod telescope and optical forceps has enhanced the efficacy as well as the safety of removing tracheobronchial foreign bodies. Total 36 children of age less than 16 year with confirmed diagnosis of airway F.B. were included in the study. Two types of forceps were used: (1)Optical forceps combined with Hopkins rod lens telescope[n = 25] (2)Standard forceps [n = 11]. Most common age group was 1–5 year [n = 26] with male preponderance [n = 20]. Most common site was right bronchus in 13 cases (RMB-11, RBI-1, RLLB-1) followed by Left main bronchus in 11 cases, trachea in 10 cases, bilateral bronchus and sub-glottis each in 1 case. Vegetative F.B. were found in majority of cases [n = 26]. Mean grasping attempt, Mean bronchoscopic inserti on and Mean time taken from insertion of forceps to removal of F.B. were less in optical forceps as compared to standard forceps with significant p-value. Optical forceps have advantage of high resolution & magnified view of airway, spring action in handle and better tactile sensation. These helps in correctly identifying the type, size and site of tracheobronchial foreign body. Precise grasping attempts with optical forceps reduces the chances of complications. Optical forceps have given the new dimension to the Rigid Bronchoscopy and proved to be the real boon for surgeons, residents and patients with F.B. aspiration. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Novel dopamine receptor 3 antagonists inhibit the growth of primary and temozolomide resistant glioblastoma cells

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Novel dopamine receptor 3 antagonists inhibit the growth of primary and temozolomide resistant glioblastoma cells Via Head and neck cancers by Sarah E. Williford, Catherine J. Libby, Adetokunbo Ayokanmbi, Arphaxad Otamias, Juan J. Gordillo, Emily R. Gordon, Sara J. Cooper, Matthew Redmann, Yanjie Li, Corinne Griguer, Jianhua Zhang, Marek Napierala, Subramaniam Ananthan, Anita B. Hjelmeland Treatment for the lethal primary adult brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM) includes the chemotherapy temozolomide (TMZ), but TMZ resistance is common and correlates with promoter methylation of the DNA repair enzyme O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). To improve treatment of GBMs, including those resistant to TMZ, we explored the potential of targeting dopamine receptor signaling. We found that dopamine receptor 3 (DRD3) is expressed in GBM and is also a previously unexplored target for therapy. We identified novel antagonists of DRD3 that decreased the growth of GBM xenograft-derived neurosphere cultures with minimal toxicity against human astrocytes and/or induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Among a set of DRD3 antagonists, we identified two compounds, SRI-21979 and SRI-30052, that were brain penetrant and displayed a favorable therapeutic window analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas data demonstrated that higher levels of DRD3 (but not DRD2 or DRD4) were associated with worse prognosis in primary, MGMT unmethylated tumors. These data suggested that DRD3 antagonists may remain efficacious in TMZ-resistant GBMs. Indeed, SRI-21979, but not haloperidol, significantly reduced the growth of TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Together our data suggest that DRD3 antagonist-based therapies may provide a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of GBM. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Smell impairment in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a real-life study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Smell impairment in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a real-life study Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 May 3. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06848-9. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a frequently occurring condition involving type 2 inflammation. It has a global prevalence of approximately 4% and has a major effect on the quality of life of those affected by it. CRSwNP is a complex condition for otorhinolaryngologists to manage, since its precise pathogenic basis has not been established, treatment is challenging and the condition often recurs. It is common to find abnormalities in smelling in those with CRSwNP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled patients suffering from CRS. Three groups were compared: 1812 patients with CRS, 571 with CRSwNP, and 120 with CRSwNP treated by FESS. The Sniffin' Sticks® olfactory test was used to measure olfactory function in all patients. RESULTS: Olfactory dysfunction was a common symptom in patients with CRS, ranging in frequency from 56 to 74%. In patients with CRSwNP, impairment of sense of smell affected 64% of subjects (42% with anosmia, 10% with hyposmia, and 12% with cacosmia). After surgery, there was a significant improvement in the ability to smell normally. CONCLUSION: The present study confirms that impairment of smell is a common symptom in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, mainly in subjects with nasal polyps. FESS reduces the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction. PMID:33942122 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06848-9 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Tumor‑host interface in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Impact on nodal metastasis and prognosis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Correction to: Tumor‑host interface in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Impact on nodal metastasis and prognosis Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 May 4. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06853-y. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:33944991 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06853-y View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Postoperative treatment following paranasal sinus surgery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Postoperative treatment following paranasal sinus surgery Via hno HNO. 2021 May 3. doi: 10.1007/s00106-021-01057-6. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Postoperative care is a crucial aspect for the success of paranasal sinus interventions. Basic procedures include saline nasal wash, which should be started on the first postoperative day, topical steroids, and antibiotics in cases of infection. Medical treatment involves aspiration of secretion in the inferior meatus during the first week. Removal of scabs in the surgical field should be carri ed out under endoscopic control beginning at the second week. Intervals are scheduled individually. Occlusion of the nose for the time of epithelium regeneration provides a moist space in the ethmoid, which improves wound healing. PMID:33942126 | DOI:10.1007/s00106-021-01057-6 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Unclear chronic vertigo syndromes-experiences with an interdisciplinary inpatient diagnostic concept

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Unclear chronic vertigo syndromes-experiences with an interdisciplinary inpatient diagnostic concept Via hno HNO. 2021 May 4. doi: 10.1007/s00106-021-01059-4. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Dizziness is a common leading symptom. Especially patients with chronic vertigo syndromes experience a significant impairment in quality of life up to a limitation of their ability to work in the case of employed persons. The consequences are financial and capacitive burdens on the health system due to frequently multiple examinations and sick leave up to occupational invalidity of the affected patient. In 150 patients with chronic vertigo syndromes and an unclear outpatient diagnosis, at least one diagnosis that justified the complaint was made in over 90% of cases on the basis of a structured interdisciplinary inpatient diagnostic concept. Chronic vertigo syndromes are often multifactorial. Psychosomatic (accompanying) diagnoses were found in more than half of the patients. Targeted therapy can only be recommended after establishing a specific diagnosis. This justifies an interdisciplinary inpatient diagnostic concept for persistently unclear cases. PMID:33944963 | DOI:10.1007 /s00106-021-01059-4 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Allogenes und autologes Material führt bei Mastoidhöhlenobliteration zu vergleichbaren Rezidivraten

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Allogenes und autologes Material führt bei Mastoidhöhlenobliteration zu vergleichbaren Rezidivraten Via Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie Laryngorhinootologie DOI: 10.1055/a-1432-3123 Einleitung Bei symptomatischen Mastoidhöhlen nach Ohroperationen besteht die Therapie der Wahl in der chirurgischen Verkleinerung. Hierbei stehen verschiedene Methoden und Materialien zur Obliteration zur Verfügung. Allogenes Material ist leicht verfügbar, kann jedoch zu Wundinfektionen aufgrund von Abstoßungsreaktionen, Granulationen und Entzündungsreaktionen führen, weshalb autologes Material aufgrund seiner guten Biokompatibilität häufig bevorzugt wird. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Langzeitergebnisse von Patienten nach Mastoidhöhlenobliteration mit allogenem und autologem Material im Hinblick auf das Auftreten von Rezidivcholesteatomen, die Anzahl der Revisionsoperationen und den Einfluss der Operation auf die Lebensqualität zu vergleichen.Methoden Patienten, die sich einer Mastoidhöhlenobliteration mit dem allogenen Material Hydroxylapatit-Matrix (HMM) unterzogen, wurden retrospektiv in die Studie eingeschlossen. In einem prospektiven Studienteil wurden Patienten eingeschlossen, welche sich einer Mastoidhöhlenobliteration mit autologem Rekonstruktionsmaterial (AutoM) unterzogen. Bei allen Patienten wurde neben einer ausführlichen Aktenanalyse eine Reintonaudiometrie durchgeführt und bei der postoperativen Untersuchung das Zürcher Mittelohrinventar (Zurich Chronic Middle Ear Inventory (ZCMEI-21)) zur Erhebung der gesundheitsbezogenen, krankheitsspezifischen Lebensqualität ausgefüllt.Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 22 Patienten mit einem durchschnittlichen Alter von 56,9 Jahren (SD 18,7 Jahre) und HMM (mittleres Nachuntersuchungsintervall: 88,3 Monate; SD 21,9 Monate) sowie 25 Patienten mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 52,4 Jahren (SD 13,7 Jahre) und AutoM (mittleres Nachuntersuchungsintervall: 13,5 Monate; SD 9,5 Monate) in die Studie eingeschlossen. Die audiologische Revisionsfreiheit lag nach einem Jahr für HMM bei 100% und für AutoM bei 85%. Die Rezidivfreihe it lag nach einem Jahr für HMM bei 95% und für AutoM bei 100%. Die Gruppen unterschieden sich weder hinsichtlich des postoperativen Hörergebnisses noch der postoperativen Lebensqualität.Diskussion Die Obliteration von Mastoidhöhlen ist eine chirurgische Herausforderung. Es zeigte sich kein relevanter Unterschied zwischen den verwendeten Materialien im Hinblick auf die Rezidivrate, das Hören und die Lebensqualität über den für beide Gruppen beobachteten Zeitraum von 13,5 Monaten. Die oft fehlende subjektive Symptomatik zusammen mit der hohen Rate an Rezidivcholesteatomen und Revisionsindikationen unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit einer regelmäßigen klinischen Nachsorge inklusive der Ohrmikroskopie bei chronischen Mittelohrerkrankungen und lässt regelmäßige Nachuntersuchungen dringend empfehlen. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG R� �digerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Prevention of cerebrospinal fluid leak after vestibular schwannoma surgery: a case-series focus on mastoid air cells' partition

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Prevention of cerebrospinal fluid leak after vestibular schwannoma surgery: a case-series focus on mastoid air cells' partition Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 May 3. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06850-1. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Petrous bone pneumatization may be related to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak secondary to vestibular schwannoma surgery. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between petrous bone pneumatization and CSF leak in vestibular schwannoma surgery. METHODS: A retrospective study included 222 consecutive vestibular schwannoma patients treated via a retrosigmoid or translabyrinthine approach in a 17-year period in one University Hospital. Association of CSF leak and petrous bone pneumatization, as seen on CT scans, was assessed on ANOVA and Student's t or Chi-squared test in case of non-parametric distribution. RESULTS: One hundred and 75 resections were performed on a retrosigmoid approach and 47 on a translabyrinthine approach. Mean age was 53.6 ± 12.9 years. Mean follow-up was 5 years 6 months. Twenty-six patients (1 1.7%) showed CSF leak and 8 (3.6%) meningitis. Approach (p = 0.800), gender (p = 0.904), age (p = 0.234), body-mass index (p = 0.462), tumor stage (p = 0.681) and history of schwannoma surgery (p = 0.192) did not increase the risk of CSF leak. This risk was unrelated to mastoid pneumatization (p = 0.266). There was a highly significant correlation between internal acousticus meatus (IAM) posterior wall pneumatization and CSF leak after retrosigmoid surgery (p = 0.008). Eustachian tube packing in the translabyrinthine approach did not decrease risk of CSF leak (p = 0.571). CONCLUSION: Degree of petrous bone pneumatization was not significantly related to risk of CSF leak, but pneumatization of the posterior IAM wall increased this risk in retrosigmoid surgery. Eustachian tube packing in the translabyrinthine approach is not sufficient to prevent postoperative CSF leak. Both approaches had similar rates of CSF leaks, around 12%. PMID:33942123 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06850-1 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The adjunctive use of carbimazole during radioactive iodine treatment reduces the cure rate of Graves' disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The adjunctive use of carbimazole during radioactive iodine treatment reduces the cure rate of Graves' disease Via radioactive iodine S Afr Med J. 2021 Feb 1;111(2):176-179. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2021.v111i2.14522. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Radioactive iodine (RAI) is widely used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Adjunctive antithyroid drugs (ATDs) are commonly prescribed to treat the hyperthyroid state before the RAI has taken effect. However, there is no consensus on the use of or timing of adjunctive ATD treatment with RAI. OBJECTIVES: To determine the influence of the ATD carbimazole on the cure rate of RAI t reatment for Graves' disease. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted in the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the Steve Biko Academic Hospital in Pretoria. The cure rate of patients treated with RAI for Graves' disease was analysed. The effect of adjunctive carbimazole treatment with regard to its use and timing with RAI dosing was analysed. The cure rate was determined in patients treated with carbimazole either before RAI or before and after RAI administration. Cure rate was defined by the biochemical thyroid function status (thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)) as euthyroid or hypothyroid from 3 months and sustained at 12 months. The need for a second dose of RAI was recorded. RESULTS: RAI treatment was administered to 171 patients with Graves' disease. The cure rate was higher in patients receiving a higher dose of RAI. The overall cure rate increased progressively from 3 months and was 91% at 12 months. The cure rate in 97 patients not rec eiving carbimazole was 98%. The cure rate of the 27 patients on carbimazole treatment given before RAI administration was 81%, and 73% in the 37 patients in whom it was resumed after RAI administration. The overall cure rate was lower in patients who received carbimazole (p<0.001), but especially in patients in whom carbimazole was continued after RAI administration (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive carbimazole treatment decreased the RAI cure rate of Graves' disease significantly. PMID:33944730 | DOI:10.7196/SAMJ.2021.v111i2.14522 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Pediatric follicular bronchiolitis with severe atelectasis: a case report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Pediatric follicular bronchiolitis with severe atelectasis: a case report Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Apr 15;14(4):526-532. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Follicular bronchiolitis is a rare pulmonary disorder characterized by the presence of multiple hyperplastic lymphoid follicles with a peribronchiolar distribution. An 11-year-old girl with total atelectasis of the right middle lobe (RML) and diffuse multiple small nodules at both lung bases presented to our hospital with frequent upper respiratory infections and pneumonia. The disease progressed during a 3-month period of macrolide therapy, and thoracoscopic biopsy with lobectomy of the atelectatic RML was performed. The histopathologic diagnosis was follicular bronchiolitis. The patient's pulmonary function improved dramatically after oral steroid treatment. It can be difficult to diagnose follicular bronchiolitis based solely on clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings; the disorder must be confirmed histopathologically. A patient with longstanding irr eversible atelectasis and resulting recurrent respiratory infection may require lobectomy for the diagnosis and treatment of follicular bronchiolitis. PMID:33936377 | PMC:PMC8085817 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

EphA2 as a new target for breast cancer and its potential clinical application

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader EphA2 as a new target for breast cancer and its potential clinical application Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Apr 15;14(4):484-492. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The aim of this research was to study the expression of EphA2 to assess its suitability as a new breast cancer target. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect EphA2 protein expression in pathology tissue samples from 250 cases of breast cancer, and the expression of EphA2 mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization (ISH). Breast cancer cells were isolated and cultured. The expression of EphA2 in the cells was detected by the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and the expression of EphA2 in breast cancer was analysed. RESULTS: EphA2 protein and mRNA were mainly expressed in tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells. EphA2 protein was expressed in 187 cases, with a positive rate of 74.80%, whereas EphA2 mRNA was expressed in 209 cases, with a positive rate of 83.60%. EphA2 protein and mRNA expression were correlated with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and breast cancer histologic grade (P<0.05). In addition, the positive expression rates of EphA2 protein and EphA2 mRNA were correlated (P<0.05). EphA2 was barely expressed in normal breast cells but highly expressed in breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION: EphA2 is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and has the potential to be a new breast cancer target, providing a preliminary basis for the development of new targeted drugs for breast cancer and the construction of fluorescent-targeted tracers for fluorescence-guided mastoscopic breast-conserving surgery. PMID:33936371 | PMC:PMC8085825 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.