Postoperative functional evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by computational fluid dynamics

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Postoperative functional evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by computational fluid dynamics Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and the corresponding postoperative airflow. Eleven patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome who complained of snoring and apnea were enrolled in this study. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was implemented. CFD could be accomplished in nine cases. Airflow analysis was not possible in cases with a high respiratory event index (REI) score. Before surgery, stenosis was identified in the oropharynx and epiglottic area. And the airflow velocity and pressure were found to have significantly decreased in the oropharynx postoperatively, while in the epiglottic area, those data had increased postoperatively in some cases. The velocity and pressure of the oropharynx are related to REI score. From the CFD analysis, airflow analysis is important for evaluating the apnea state. It is suggested that the postoperative function can now be predicted preoperatively. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

An MRI study of typical anatomical variants of the anterior communicating artery complex

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader An MRI study of typical anatomical variants of the anterior communicating artery complex Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Jun 16. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02782-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This magnetic resonance imaging study examined the most frequent anatomical variants of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) complex of the cerebral arterial circle, and aimed to determine whether they were associated with ACoA complex aneurysm. METHODS: The study enrolled 669 patients. Using three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography, 617 p atients were classified into the following groups based on the anatomical variation in the ACoA complex: no ACoA complex anomaly; ACoA complex aneurysm; and vascular anomaly distant from the cerebral arterial circle. RESULTS: Of the 617 classified subjects, the classical anatomical description applied to 48.73% in the no ACoA complex anomaly group and 37.5% in the ACoA complex aneurysm group. One variant (left anterior cerebral artery segment A1 hypoplasia) was significantly more frequent in the ACoA complex aneurysm group. There was no sex difference in the prevalence of any variant. CONCLUSIONS: Anatomical variants of the ACoA complex of the cerebral arterial circle were found in almost half of the subjects. One variant seemed to be associated with a higher likelihood of an aneurysm, but causality could not be inferred. PMID:34132869 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02782-x View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Defect Engineering of Nanoscale Hf-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Iodine Capture

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Defect Engineering of Nanoscale Hf-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Iodine Capture Via radioactive iodine Inorg Chem. 2021 Jun 16. doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01120. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT With the rapid development of the nuclear industry, how to deal with radioactive iodine waste in a timely and effective manner has become an important issue to be solved urgently. Herein, the defect-engineering strategy has been applied to develop a metal-organic framework (MOF)-based solid adsorbent by using the classical UiO-type Hf-UiO-66 as an example. After simple acid treatment, the p roduced defect-containing Hf-UiO-66 (DHUN) not only retains its topological structure, high crystallization, and regular shape but also shows a great increase in the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller value and pore size in comparison with the original Hf-UiO (HUN). These formed defects within DHUN have been demonstrated to be important for the great enhancement of the iodine capture and following application in computed tomography imaging in vitro. This present work gives a new insight into the control and formation of defect sites, and this simple and efficient defect-engineering strategy also shows great promise for the development of novel solid adsorbents and other functional MOF materials. PMID:34133146 | DOI:< a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01120" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="underlink bluelink" tabindex="-1">10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01120 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The kidnapping of mitochondrial function associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The kidnapping of mitochondrial function associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 Jun 16:18354. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-354. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Infection by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to multi-organ failure associated with a cytokine storm and septic shock. The virus evades the mitochondrial production of interferons through its N protein and, from that moment on, it hijacks the functions of these organelles. The aim of this study was to show how the virus kidnaps the mitochondrial machinery for its benefit and survival, leading to alterations of serum parameters and to nitrosative stress (NSS). In a prospective cohort of 15 postmortem patients who died from COVID-19, six markers of mitochondrial function (COX II, COX IV, MnSOD, nitrotyrosine, Bcl-2 and caspase-9) were analyzed by the immune colloidal gold technique in samples from the lung, heart, and liver. Biometric laboratory results from these patients showed alterations in hemoglobin , platelets, creatinine, urea nitrogen, glucose, C-reactive protein, albumin, D-dimer, ferritin, fibrinogen, Ca²⁺, K⁺, lactate and troponin. These changes were associated with alterations in the mitochondrial structure and function. The multi-organ dysfunction present in COVID-19 patients may be caused, in part, by damage to the mitochondria that results in an inflammatory state that contributes to NSS, which activates the sepsis cascade and results in increased mortality in COVID-19 patients. PMID:34132382 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-354 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Special MRI Techniques to Suss out Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Special MRI Techniques to Suss out Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2021 Jun 1;30(3):159-166. doi: 10.1097/RMR.0000000000000281. ABSTRACT Anterior skull base cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas result from skull base osteodural defects, allowing subarachnoid space CSF to escape into pneumatized cavities such as the paranasal sinuses and nasal fossa. Precise localization, characterization, and effective treatment of CSF leaks is essential to prevent meningitis, treatment failure, or recurrence. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging have improved radiologists' ability to localize and characterize anterior skull base CSF fistulas. This article reviews new imaging techniques enabling diagnostic location of CSF fistulas, with an emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging-based techniques. PMID:34096899 | DOI:10.1097/RMR.0000000000000281 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

DNAH11 compound heterozygous variants cause heterotaxy and congenital heart disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader <i>DNAH11</i> compound heterozygous variants cause heterotaxy and congenital heart disease Via Nasal diseases by Hong Xia, Xiangjun Huang, Sheng Deng, Hongbo Xu, Yan Yang, Xin Liu, Lamei Yuan, Hao Deng Heterotaxy (HTX), a condition characterized by internal organs not being arranged as expected relative to each other and to the left-right axis, is often accompanied with congenital heart disease (CHD). The purpose was to detect the pathogenic variants in a Chinese family with HTX and CHD. A non-consanguineous Han Chinese family with HTX and CHD, and 200 unrelated healthy subjects were enlisted. Exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were applied to identify the genetic basis of the HTX family. Compound heterozygous variants, c.3426-1G>A and c.4306C>T (p.(Arg1436Trp)), in the dynein axonemal heavy chain 11 gene (DNAH11) were identified in the proband via exome sequencing and further confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Neither c.3426-1G>A nor c.4306C>T variant in the DNAH11 gene was detected in 200 healthy controls. The DNAH11 c.3426-1G>A variant was predicted as altering the acceptor splice site and most likely affecting splicing. The DNAH11 c.4 306C>T variant was predicted to be damaging, which may reduce the phenotype severity. The compound heterozygous variants, c.3426-1G>A and c.4306C>T, in the DNAH11 gene might be the pathogenic alterations resulting in HTX and CHD in this family. These findings broaden the variant spectrum of the DNAH11 gene and increase knowledge used in genetic counseling for the HTX family. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Intracranial venous sinus stenting for the treatment of lateral sinus stenoses: An analysis of 200 patients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Intracranial venous sinus stenting for the treatment of lateral sinus stenoses: An analysis of 200 patients Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Diagn Interv Imaging. 2021 Jun 11:S2211-5684(21)00138-8. doi: 10.1016/j.diii.2021.05.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the long-term efficacy and safety of intracranial venous sinus stenting in a large cohort of patients with any type of presentation of primary lateral venous sinus stenosis (VSS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed including patients treated by venous sinus stenting for symptomatic VSS from 2012 to 2019. Successful primary resolution of symptoms without adjunctive treatment or recurrence, and complications after stenting were analyzed at the last follow-up time point. RESULTS: Two-hundred patients were included. There were 14 men and 186 women with a mean age of 39±14 (SD) years (age range: 13-75 years). Presenting symptoms included venous pulsatile tinnitus in 168 patients (168/200; 84%), idiopathic intracranial hypertension in 1 00 patients (100/200; 50%) and/or spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak in 35 patients (35/200; 17%). The overall rate of successful primary resolution of any typical presenting symptoms was 79% (95% CI: 73-85%). This rate ranged from 74% to 93% depending on the symptom with no significant difference between patients with and those without idiopathic intracranial hypertension (P=0.08). Recurrence rate was 10% (95% CI: 6-14%). No death or permanent morbidity were observed during a median follow-up of 2.2 years (Q1, Q3: 1.4, 3.3; range: 1-7.7 years). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that venous sinus stenting has a low morbidity and high success rate at long-term follow-up for the treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, venous pulsatile tinnitus or spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak associated with VSS. The excellent safety suggests considering this treatment as first-line treatment when medical management is ineffective or poorly tolerated. PMID:34127434 | DOI:10.1016/j.diii.2021.05.008 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Study of JCIH (Joint Commission on Infant Hearing) Risk Factors for Hearing Loss in Babies of NICU and Well Baby Nursery at a Tertiary Care Center

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Study of JCIH (Joint Commission on Infant Hearing) Risk Factors for Hearing Loss in Babies of NICU and Well Baby Nursery at a Tertiary Care Center Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Babies in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) have an additional risk for hearing loss due to various risk factors like, prematurity, low birth weight, mechanical ventilation, hyperbillirubinemia, ototoxic drugs, low APGAR score etc. as compared to the babies from well baby nursery (WBN) who, poses risk factors mostly family history, syndromic deafness. So the present study was aimed know the risk factors responsible for hearing loss in NICU and WBN babies and to assess the incidence of deafness. A total of 800 babies from NICU (n = 402) and WBN (n = 398) underwent hearing screening from a tertiary care center. Hearing screening was done using two staged screening protocol as per JCIH guidelines with Distortion product Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) and Automated Auditory Brainstem Responses (A-ABR). According to DPOAE test, 311 from NICU and 383 from WBN passed the test and during second screening, 80 out of 91 from NICU and 11 o ut of 13 from WBN passed the DPOAE test. Further BERA was done at the 3rd month of corrected age where 6 out of 11 showed positive responses from NICU and 3 babies from WBN had profound hearing loss. Data analysis revealed that family history of deafness, anemia and hypertension in ANC, TORCH in mother, low Apgar score and hyperbillirubinemia in newborns were a major risk factor for hearing impairment. We conclude that the diagnoses of auditory disorders at early stage due to various risk factors are important since appropriate therapeutic intervention and rehabilitation would help in better development of children. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Neurosurgical anatomy of the floor of the third ventricle and related vascular structures

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Neurosurgical anatomy of the floor of the third ventricle and related vascular structures Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Jun 14. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02785-8. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Anatomical knowledge of the floor of the third ventricle (FTV) is essential in avoiding surgical complications during endoscopic third ventriculostomy. The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphometry of FTV and related arteries, particularly the basilar artery (BA), as well as the factors that influence it. METHODS: Twenty-six formalin-fixed adult brai ns and two hundred adult brain MRIs were studied focusing on FTV and related arteries. Dimensions of interest were measured using image analysis software. Morphometric data obtained were statistically analysed. RESULTS: Distances between FTV, intermammillary sulcus (IMS), infundibulum, BA bifurcation, and posterior communicating arteries (PCoAs) were described on the cadavers and the MRIs. Distance between right and left PCoAs was greater at their anterior extremity (p < 0.001). Right PCoA was longer (p = 0.016). BA was lateralized in 58.4% of cases and its calibre was larger in males (p < 0.001). The distance from BA apex to FTV was inversely correlated with BA diameter (p < 0.001) and age (p = 0.004). Distance from IMS to infundibulum and the distance between both PCoAs were greater in MRI series when compared to cadaver series (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A quantitative description of the morphometry of the region of the FTV and related vessels was obtained, helping neurosurgeons in planning their surgical approach. The distance from BA apex to FTV was shorter in individuals with larger BA calibre and in older subjects. MRI studies were qualitatively superior to cadaveric studies in evaluating the anatomy of this region. PMID:34128100 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02785-8 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Malignant struma ovarii with late recurrence harbouring high microsatellite instability

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Malignant struma ovarii with late recurrence harbouring high microsatellite instability Via radioactive iodine BMJ Case Rep. 2021 Jun 14;14(6):e242081. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2021-242081. ABSTRACT Struma ovarii (SO) is a rare ovarian teratoma containing abundant mature thyroid tissue. Malignant transformation is even less common and distant metastasis is documented in about 5%-10%. The time from diagnosis of primary SO to metastatic disease varies. As malignant SO is rare, there are no uniform diagnostic criteria or treatment guidelines. Management is usually extrapolated from that of thyroid mal ignancy. We report a patient who relapsed 12 years from the initial diagnosis and metastasised to the lungs 5 years after the first recurrence. Our patient was treated with total thyroidectomy followed by radioactive iodine, and retreated on progression in the lungs. The tumour harboured high microsatellite instability and treatment with programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor was initiated. This case shows the long latency of SO with the rare phenomenon of metastasis. It also highlights the importance of molecular testing for rare cancers such as this. PMID:34127502 | DOI:10.1136/bcr-2021- 242081 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparing surgical thoroughness and recurrence in thyroid cancer patients across race/ethnicity

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparing surgical thoroughness and recurrence in thyroid cancer patients across race/ethnicity Via radioactive iodine Surgery. 2021 Jun 11:S0039-6060(21)00412-8. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.05.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: For patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who will receive postoperative radioactive iodine, thyroid remnant uptake can be calculated and may point to the thoroughness of the surgical resection. In the United States, outcome disparities exist among ethnic/racial minorities with differentiated thyroid cancer. Data about surgical thoroughness and recurrence r ates across races/ethnicities do not exist. This study compared the amount of thyroid remnant uptake and cancer recurrence rates across race/ethnicity. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of adult patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who had postoperative radioactive iodine in 2017 and 2018 and were followed to 2020. We collected thyroid bed remnant uptake from postoperative radioactive iodine scans and analyzed it as a ratio of percent of uptake to dose of radioactive iodine received to control for varying radioactive iodine doses. Thyroid remnant, uptake to dose of radioactive iodine received, and recurrence were evaluated across race/ethnicity. RESULTS: Of 218 patients: 61% were White, 21% Black, 11% Asian, and 7% Hispanic; 72% were female. Seventy-one percent of patients had their surgery done by a high-volume surgeon, although volume data were not available for all. In White, Black, Asian, and Hispanic patients, median uptake was 0.68%, 0.44%, 1.5%, an d 0.8%, respectively (P = .13). We did not observe differences in median uptake to dose of radioactive iodine received across groups (P = .41). Recurrence rate was 17.0% among White patients, 16.7% among Black patients, 17.6% among Asian patients, and 16.7% among Hispanic patients (P = 1.00). CONCLUSION: We did not observe differences across race/ethnicity in surgical thoroughness or rate of recurrence. These findings suggest that disparities may be mitigated when ethnic/racial minorities have similar access to quality surgical care. PMID:34127303 | DOI:10.1016/j.surg.2021.05.001 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.