Machine learning can identify patients at risk of hyperparathyroidism without known calcium and intact parathyroid hormone

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Machine learning can identify patients at risk of hyperparathyroidism without known calcium and intact parathyroid hormone Via Head & Neck Abstract Background To prove the concept of diagnosing primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) without calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) values and identifying potential risk factors for pHPT. Methods Data were extracted from the clinical data warehouse (CDW) at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Epic EHR (2014–2019). Results 1737 patients with over 185 000 rows of clinical data were provided in a relational structure and processed/flattened to facilitate modeling. Phenotype elements were identified for pHPT without advance knowledge of calcium and PTH levels. The area under the curve (AUC) for the prediction of pHPT using our model was 0.86 with sensitivity and specificity of 0.8953 and 0.6686, respectively, using a 0.45 probability threshold. Conclusion Primary hyperparathyroidism was predicted from a dataset excluding calcium and PTH data with 86% accuracy. This approach needs to be validated/refined on larger samples of data and plans are in place to do this with other regional/national datasets. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Systematic Review of Robotic Surgery: From Supervised Paradigms To Fully Autonomous Robotic Approaches

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Systematic Review of Robotic Surgery: From Supervised Paradigms To Fully Autonomous Robotic Approaches Via The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery Abstract Background From traditional open surgery to laparoscopic surgery and robot-assisted surgery (RAS), advances in robotics, machine learning, and imaging are pushing the surgical approach to-wards better clinical outcomes. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggests that automation may standardise techniques, increase efficiency, and reduce clinical complications. Methods A PRISMA-guided search was conducted across PubMed and OVID. Results Of the 89 screened articles, 51 met the inclusion criteria, with 10 included in the final review. Automatic data segmentation, trajectory planning, intra-operative registration, trajectory drilling, and soft tissue robotic surgery were discussed. Conclusion Although automated surgical systems remain conceptual, several research groups have developed supervised autonomous robotic surgical systems with increasing consideration for ethico-legal issues for automation. Automation paves the way for precision surgery and improved safety and opens new possibilities for deploying more robust artificial intelligence models, better imaging modalities and robotics to improve clinical outcomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The programmed gene expression change in mouse skin after ultraviolet radiation damage

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The programmed gene expression change in mouse skin after ultraviolet radiation damage Via Experimental Dermatology ABSTRACT Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major cause of skin damage and carcinogenesis. Here we systematically analyze the acute gene expression change in skin in vivo after UV exposure, aiming to establish the common C57BL/6 mouse strain as a convenient model for future pathological research and drug discovery. The back fur of C57BL/6 mice was depilated, and a mixed UV light source was used to irradiate the skin. Full thickness skin samples were collected at 0, 0.5h, 2h, 6h, 12h, and 24h. Total RNAs were extracted and subjected to RNA sequencing analysis. We found that the gene expression change in mouse skin is highly similar to previous reports in human skin. These include down-regulation of differentiation-related genes and extracellular matrix genes, and up-regulation of cytokine/chemokine genes. An early wave of activator protein 1 (AP-1) expression is induced, whereas activation of the p53 pathway is not significant. The impact of the AP-1 transcription factors and the antioxidant t ea polyphenols is discussed. The analysis of acute gene expression change in skin after UV irradiation provides a starting point to investigate how the skin responds to genotoxic stress. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Case Reports in Otolaryngology

Arteriovenous Malformation in the Auricle in a 59-Year-Old Woman, Junhui Jeong Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 7438571, 3 pages

A Case of Nasopharyngeal Mycobacteriosis with Bony Erosion of the External Skull Base, Kohei Matsuo, Satoshi Tanaka, Masayuki Sakata, Hiroki Takeda, Akihiro Nagata, Masashi Mori, Rie Ito, Yoshifumi Yamamoto, Kiyonobu Ueno, and Atsuhiko Uno Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 7500273, 4 pages

Deep Neck Infection: Atypical Presentation of Papillary Thyroid Cancer, Apichana Mahattanapreut, Rangsima Aroonroch, Chalermchai Chintrakarn, and Chutintorn Sriphrapradang Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 1479201, 4 pages

Alobar Holoprosencephaly with Cebocephaly in a Neonate Born to an HIV-Positive Mother in Eastern Uganda, Franck Katembo Sikakulya, Sonye Magugu Kiyaka, Robert Masereka, and Robinson Ssebuufu Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 7282283, 4 pages

ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma for the Otolaryngologist in a Resource Poor Setting, Nicholas Figaro, Rickhi Ramoutar, Rodolfo Arozarena, Dawn Meyers, and Solaiman Juman Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 3756742, 6 pages

INI1-Intact Sinonasal Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Features, Erin Mulry, Danielle M. Blake, Poornima Hegde, and Todd E. Falcone Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 6075130, 3 pages

Bilateral Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy following Total Thyroidectomy in Triple A Syndrome, an Unexpected but Critical Complication, Mathieu Chamberland, Marc-Antoine Poulin, and Danielle Beaudoin Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 1315117, 3 pages

Importance of Imaging in Congenital Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis: A Case of Neck Neuroblastoma Presenting with Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis, W. X. Yeo, C. Y. Chan, and K. K. H. Tan Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 7368567, 4 pages

A Rare Complication of Fine-Needle Aspiration of Neck Structures, Yazeed M. Qadadha, Nainika Nanda, Chad Ennis, and Timothy McCulloch Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 8944119, 5 pages

Delayed-Onset Neuropathic Pain after Septoplasty, Foteini-Stefania Koumpa, Mark Ferguson, and Hesham Saleh Volume 2021 (2021), Article ID 9966318, 4 pages

Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation alleviates behavioral memory impairment caused via repeated administration of sevoflurane in aged rats

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation alleviates behavioral memory impairment caused via repeated administration of sevoflurane in aged rats Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2022 Jan;23(1):46. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10968. Epub 2021 Nov 15. ABSTRACT Elderly patients often need repeated surgical intervention, so it is important to determine the impact of repeated exposure to anesthetics on learning and memory. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is considered to be an essential nutrient for maintaining brain health. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential effects of DHA on memory impairment induced by repeated sevoflurane anesthesia in aged rats. A total of 54 Sprague Dawley aged rats (18 months) were randomly divided into the following six groups: i) Control group; ii) sevoflurane group (Sev, 2.5% for 5 min); iii) DHA group (3 g/kg); iv) Sev + DHA (0.3 g/kg) group; v) Sev + DHA (1 g/kg) group; and vi) Sev + DHA (3 g/kg) group. Morris water maze experiment was performed to evaluate the learning and memory ability of the rats following treatment. H&E staining was used to observe any histological changes. Superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase levels were detected using ELISA. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to determine nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) protein expression levels. Following repeated sevoflurane anesthesia, rats exhibited a prolonged escape latency. The number of times rats crossed the platform and the time spent in the target quadrant were also significantly reduced by repeated sevoflurane anesthesia. However, rats treated with Sev + DHA exhibited a reduced escape latency, whilst the number of times they crossed the platform and the time spent in the target quadrant increased compared with Sev treatment alone. Histopathological examination revealed that DHA treatment ameliorated the disordered neuron arrangement, deep staining of the neuronal nucleus pyknosis and cell edema observed in the brain tissue induced by repeated sevoflurane anesthesia. Furthermo re, the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were demonstrated to be significantly increased in rats treated with DHA and exposed to repeated sevoflurane anesthesia compared with those in untreated rats that underwent repeated sevoflurane anesthesia. In conclusion, the present study revealed that DHA exerted protective effects against impairments in learning and memory induced by repeated sevoflurane anesthesia in aged rats, which may be associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. PMID:34934425 | PMC:PMC8652387 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10968 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

In vitro and in vivo effects of AVA4746, a novel competitive antagonist of the ligand binding of VLA-4, in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> effects of AVA4746, a novel competitive antagonist of the ligand binding of VLA-4, in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2022 Jan;23(1):47. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10969. Epub 2021 Nov 15. ABSTRACT Treatment of resistant or recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains a challenge. It was previously demonstrated that the adhesion molecule integrin α4, referred to hereafter as α4, mediates the cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) of B-cell ALL by binding to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on bone marrow stroma. In addition, it was previously observed that the blockade of α4 with natalizumab or inhibition using the small molecule antagonist TBC3486 sensitized relapsed ALL cells to chemotherapy. However, α4-targeted therapy is not clinically available for the treatment of leukemia to date. In the present study, the use of a novel non-peptidic small molecule integrin α4 antagonist, AVA4746, as a potential new approach to combat drug-resistant B-ALL was explored. An in vitro co-culture = model of primary B- ALL cells and an in vivo xenograft model of patient-derived B-ALL cells were utilized for evaluation of AVA4746. VLA-4 conformation activation, cell adhesion/de-adhesion, endothelial tube formation, in vivo leukemia cell mobilization and survival assays were performed. AVA4746 exhibited high affinity for binding to B-ALL cells, where it also efficiently blocked ligand-binding to VCAM-1. In addition, AVA4746 caused the functional de-adhesion of primary B-ALL cells from VCAM-1. Inhibition of α4 using AVA4746 also prevented angiogenesis in vitro and when applied in combination with chemotherapy consisting of Vincristine, Dexamethasone and L-asparaginase, it prolonged the survival of ~33% of the mice in an in vivo xenograft model of B-ALL. These data implicate the potential of targeting the α4-VCAM-1 interaction using AVA4746 for the treatment of drug-resistant B-lineage ALL. PMID:34934426 | PMC:PMC8652384 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10969 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Voluntary Cough Effectiveness and Airway Clearance in Neurodegenerative Disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Voluntary Cough Effectiveness and Airway Clearance in Neurodegenerative Disease Via swallowing exercises J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021 Dec 22:1-19. doi: 10.1044/2021_JSLHR-21-00308. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Voluntary cough dysfunction is highly prevalent across multiple patient populations. Voluntary cough has been utilized as a screening tool for swallowing safety deficits and as a target for compensatory and exercise-based dysphagia management. However, it remains unclear whether voluntary cough dysfunction is associated with the ability to effectively clear the airwa y. METHOD: Individuals with neurodegenerative disorders performed same-day voluntary cough testing and flexible endoscopic evaluations of swallowing (FEES). Participants who were cued to cough after exhibiting penetration to the vocal folds and/or aspiration with thin liquids during FEES met inclusion criteria. One-hundred and twenty-three trials were blinded, and the amount of residue before and after a cued cough on FEES was measured with a visual analog scale. Linear and binomial mixed-effects models examined the relationship between cough airflow during voluntary cough testing and the proportion of residue expelled. RESULTS: Peak expiratory flow rate (p = .004) and cough expired volume from the entire epoch (p = .029) were significantly associated with the proportion of aspiration expelled from the subglottis. Peak expiratory flow rate values of 3.00 L/s, 3.50 L/s, and 5.30 L/s provided high predicted probabilities that ≥ 25%, ≥ 50%, and ≥ 80% asp irate was expelled. Accounting for depth of aspiration significantly improved model fit (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that voluntary cough airflow is associated with cough effectiveness to clear aspiration from the subglottis, although aspiration amount and depth may play an important role in this relationship. These findings provide further support for the clinical utility of voluntary cough in the management of dysphagia. PMID:34936376 | DOI:10.1044/2021_JSLHR-21-00308 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Nonrecurrent Laryngeal Nerve Without Abnormal Subclavian Artery: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Nonrecurrent Laryngeal Nerve Without Abnormal Subclavian Artery: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Dec 22:1455613211056547. doi: 10.1177/01455613211056547. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT As a variant of recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (RILN), the nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRILN) is closely related to the occurrence of abnormal subclavian artery (ASA). The nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve has been found in patients without arterial abnormalities, which is seen in the coexistence of NRILN and RILN, but it is easily confused with sympathetic-inferior laryngeal anastomosis branch (SILAB). We encountered 2 right NRILN patients without ASA during thyroid surgery. This article summarizes the characteristics of these cases and proposes methods to distinguish the coexistence of NRILN and RILN from SILAB. So far, 11 articles have reported 16 cases of NRILN without arterial abnormalities. In patients without artery abnormality, the vagus nerve could send out a descending branch NRILN at the bifurcation of the carotid artery and enter the larynx after anastomosis with RILN. Adequate dissection of the carotid sheath may avoid confusion with SILAB, and neural monitoring is also expected to provide a reference for the identification. PMID:34935547 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211056547 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Paracrine mechanisms of endothelial progenitor cells in vascular repair

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Paracrine mechanisms of endothelial progenitor cells in vascular repair Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Dec 17;124(1):151833. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151833. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in repairing damaged blood vessels and promoting neovascularization. However, the specific mechanism of EPCs promoting vascular repair is still unclear. Currently, there are two different views on the repair of damaged vessels by EPCs, one is that EPCs can directly differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) a nd integrate into injured vessels, the other is that EPCs act on cells and blood vessels by releasing paracrine substances. But more evidence now supports the latter. Therefore, the paracrine mechanisms of EPCs are worth further study. This review describes the substances secreted by EPCs, some applications based on paracrine effects of EPCs, and the studies of paracrine mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases--all of these are to support the view that EPCs repair blood vessels through paracrine effects rather than integrating directly into damaged vessels. PMID:34929523 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151833 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Filler-induced complications of the lips: 10 years experience with intralesional laser treatment and refinements

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Filler-induced complications of the lips: 10 years experience with intralesional laser treatment and refinements Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Nov 15:S1748-6815(21)00586-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.11.042. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The number of minimally invasive cosmetic procedures has steadily increased every year. In the last decade, the rates of filler injection reactions have also increased. This study presents our experience in the management and treatment of permanent filler complications to the lips. Undoubtedly, in these adverse reactions, the lips are the hallmark that most stigmatizes an unnatural look of the face. METHODS: One hundred and eighty-one patients (168 female and 13 male) with permanent filler complications to the lips were treated from September of 2009 to September of 2019 at the University Hospital of Modena. One hundred and thirty-five patients underwent intralesional laser treatment (ILT). Forty-six patients underwent a stab incision and drainage and 10 of these patients had solid and cal cified nodules and therefore underwent a combined technique. Thirty-three patients underwent further cosmetic procedures. RESULTS: In 95% of patients there was a clinical improvement of which complete resolution in 38.7% and partial improvement in 34.2% of cases. Nine patients stopped the treatment because they were not satisfied. No patient was considered to have worsened after the treatment. Thirty-three patients underwent further treatments. CONCLUSIONS: A systematic combined approach between antibiotic therapy and treatments (ILT and a stab incision) represents the best therapeutic approach in dealing with permanent fillers complications to the lips. This treatment modality allows both the removal of the foreign material and the inflammatory reaction with low morbidity and little cosmetic disfigurement. Further cosmetic procedures may be applied to improve aesthetic appearance once most of the non-resorbable substance has been removed. PMID:34930702 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.11.042 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Detection with a Carbon Nanotube-Based Field-Effect Transistor Biosensing Platform

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Detection with a Carbon Nanotube-Based Field-Effect Transistor Biosensing Platform Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021 Dec 21. doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c19120. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage may lead to life-threatening complications if not detected promptly. However, gel electrophoresis, the gold-standard test for confirming CSF leakage by detecting beta2-transferrin (β2-Tf), requires 3-6 h and is labor-intensive. We developed a new β2-Tf detection platform for rapid identification of CSF leakage. The three-step design, which includes two steps of affinity chromatography and a rapid sensing step using a semiconductor-enriched single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (FET) sensor, circumvented the lack of selectivity that antitransferrin antibody exhibits for transferrin isoforms and markedly shortened the detection time. Furthermore, three different sensing configurations for the FET sensor were investigated for obtaining the optimal β2-Tf sensing results. Finally, body fluid (CSF and serum) tests employing our three-step strategy demonstrated high sensitivity, suggesting its potential to be used as a rapid diagnostic tool for CSF leakage. PMID:34932323 | DOI:10.1021/acsami.1c19120 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.