Stimulation Rate and Voice Pitch Perception in Cochlear Implants

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Stimulation Rate and Voice Pitch Perception in Cochlear Implants via JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology via MedWorm.com We describe two experiments with 16 Nu cleus® CI users, where we controlled modulation characteristics and carrier rate using Spectral and Temporal Enhanced Processing (STEP), a novel experimental multichannel sound coder. We used a fixed set of threshold and comfortable stimulation levels for each subject, obtained from clinical MAPs. In the first experiment, we determined equivalence for voice pitch ranking and voice gender categorization between the Advanced Combination Encoder (ACE), a widely used clinical strategy in Nucleus® recipients, and STEP for fundamental frequencies (F0) 120–250 Hz. In the second experiment, loudn ess was determined as a function of the input amplitude of speech samples for carrier rates of 1000, 500, and 250 pps per channel. Then, using equally loud soun... View on Web

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Temporal Envelope Coding of the Human Auditory Nerve Inferred from Electrocochleography: Comparison with Envelope Following Responses

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Temporal Envelope Coding of the Human Auditory Nerve Inferred from Electrocochleography: Comparison with Envelope Following Responses via JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology via MedWorm.com AbstractNeural coding of the slow amplitude fluctuations of sound (i.e., temporal envelope) is thought to be essential for speech understanding; however, such coding by the human auditory nerve is poorly understood. Here, neural coding of the temporal envelope by the human auditory nerve is inferred from measurements of the compound action potential in response to an amplitude modulated carrier (CAPENV) for modulation frequencies ranging from 20 to 1000  Hz. The envelope following response (EFR) was measured simultaneously with CAPENV from active electrodes placed on the high forehead and tympanic membrane, respectively. Results support the hypothesis that phase locking to higher modulation frequencies (>  80 Hz) will be stronger for CAPENV, compared to EFR, consistent with the uppe... View on Web

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Regenerative endodontic therapy for external lateral inflammatory resorption following traumatic dental injuries. Evidence assessment of best practices

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Regenerative endodontic therapy for external lateral inflammatory resorption following traumatic dental injuries. Evidence assessment of best practices via International Endodontic Journal Abstract Introduction External inflammatory resorption (EIR) following dental trauma is often caused by an injury to the lining of the cementoblasts and to the non-mineralized tissues (i.e., precementum) covering the root surface. Although EIR frequently occurs apically, it can also develop on the lateral root surfaces, which is termed external inflammatory lateral resorption (EILR). ELIR is a severe complication that can lead to significant root loss and tooth extraction. Aim The aim of this project was to review the current evidence in the literature on regenerative endodontic therapy (RET) for ELIR following traumatic injuries and assess the best treatment practices. Methodology Publications appearing in PubMed electronic database, from January 1, 2001 to January 9, 2022 were studied. Inclusion criteria were: (a) Publications in the English language; (b) Publications on regenerative endodontic therapy and ELIR; (c) Teeth subjected to dental trauma; and (d) Presence of intracanal bleeding and blood clots. Exclusion criteria were: (a) Conference proceedings; (b) Lectures; (c) Abstracts and (d) Letters to the editor; (e) Publications not in the English language. Additionally, a manual search was conducted. The data collected was analysed, and a descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results A total of 355 publications were analysed, of which 9 met all inclusion criteria, which comprised of case reports and case series studies. In 10 (58.8%) teeth, Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP) was used for an average of 26 days. Double Antibiotic Paste (DAP) was used in 3 (17.6 %) teeth for an average of 14 days. In 3 (17.6 %) cases, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) was used as intracanal medication for 14 days and negative pressure irrigation was applied once on 1 (6 %) tooth. Conclusions RET demonstrated a good treatment modality producing biologic repair and improving prognosis in cases of ELIR in post-traumatic tooth/pulp injuries. Hence, a meticulous follow up should be conducted when RET is performed in order to identify treatment failure and substitute it with long-term Ca(OH)2 root canal dressing. The key limitation in our review is that all publications included were either case reports or case series that usually tend to report successful outcome. View on Web

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Sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor‐induced euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: A case report

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor‐induced euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: A case report via Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics SGLT-2i-induced euDKA. View on Web

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The Interplay of Long Non‐Coding RNAs and Hepatitis B Virus

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The Interplay of Long Non‐Coding RNAs and Hepatitis B Virus via Journal of Medical Virology ABSTRACT Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infections remain a major global health burden with an estimated 296 million people living with a chronic infection and 884,00 HBV-related deaths annually. Notably, patients with a chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection are at a 30-fold greater risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the 3rd deadliest cancer worldwide. Several groups have assessed HBV-related aberrant expression of host-cell long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and how altered expression of specific lncRNAs affects HBV replication and progression to associated disease states. Given the challenges in establishing effective HBV models and analyzing transcriptomic data, this review focuses on lncRNA expression data primarily collected from clinical patient samples and primary human hepatocytes (PHHs), with subsequent mechanism of action analysis in cell lines or other model systems. Ultimately, understanding HBV-induced lncRNA-expression dysregulation could lead to new treatments and biomarkers for HBV infection and its associated diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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A Phase I/II Study of Intrathecal Trastuzumab in HER-2 Positive Cancer with Leptomeningeal Metastases: Safety, Efficacy, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A Phase I/II Study of Intrathecal Trastuzumab in HER-2 Positive Cancer with Leptomeningeal Metastases: Safety, Efficacy, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics via Neuro-Oncology Advance Access Abstract Background Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) cancers have a high incidence of central nervous system (CNS) spread, but unfortunately systemic trastuzumab which targets the HER2 receptor has little CNS penetration. The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of intrathecal trastuzumab and its efficacy in patients with HER2-positive LMD. Methods This multicenter study enrolled 34 LMD patients in a combined Phase I/II study in treating patients with intrathecal trastuzumab. Any HER2-positive histology was allowed in the Phase I; the Phase II was limited to HER2-positive breast cancer. Results Intrathecal trastuzumab was well tolerated, with one dose limiting toxicity of grade 4 (arachnoiditis) occurring at the 80 mg twice weekly dose. The recommended Phase II dose was 80 mg intrathecally twice weekly. Twenty-six patients at dose level 80mg w ere included in evaluation for efficacy: partial response was seen in 5 (19.2%) patients, stable disease was observed in 13 (50.0%), and 8 (30.8%) of the patients had progressive disease. Median overall survival (OS) for Phase 2 dose treated patients was 8.3 months (95% CI 5.2 to 19.6). The Phase II HER2-positive breast cancer patients median OS was 10.5 months (95% CI 5.2 to 20.9). Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies were limited in the setting of concurrent systemic trastuzumab administration, however, did show stable CSF concentrations with repeated dosing suggest that trastuzumab does not accumulate in the CSF in toxic concentrations. Conclusion This study suggests promise for potentially improved outcomes of HER-positive LMD patients when treated with intrathecal trastuzumab while remaining safe and well-tolerated for patients. View on Web

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Evaluation of Virtual Grid Processed Clinical Chest Radiographs

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Evaluation of Virtual Grid Processed Clinical Chest Radiographs via Investigative Radiology - Current Issue Objectives We evaluated the different Virtual Grid software ratios (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) on gridless clinical chest radiographs with visual grading analysis (VGA). In addition, we investigated the 2 image quality assessment algorithms (IQAAs). Materials and Methods Gridless chest radiographs of 50 different intensive care unit patients were collected and afterward processed with Virtual Grid software. Different software (SW) grid ratios—6:1, 10:1, 13:1, 17:1, and 20:1—were applied to investigate the image quality (IQ) improvement. Image quality improvement was assessed by 4 radiologists in a relative VGA study where the reference image was processed with SW grid ratio of 10:1. One of the IQAAs used to analyze the radiographs was implemented in our department but was originally developed by the research group of the Duke University Medical Center. A general IQ score (IQS) was calculated based on contrast, detail, and noise. Another IQAA—NIQE (naturalness image quality evaluator)—available in Matlab (MATLAB Research R2019b; the MathWorks, Inc) was evaluated. Both methods were compared with VGA. Results Visual grading analysis scores of gridless radiographs are significantly lower (P View on Web

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3-Dimensional Fluid and White Matter Suppression Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequence Accelerated With Compressed Sensing Improves Multiple Sclerosis Cervical Spinal Cord Lesion Detection Compared With Standard 2-Dimensional Imaging

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader 3-Dimensional Fluid and White Matter Suppression Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequence Accelerated With Compressed Sensing Improves Multiple Sclerosis Cervical Spinal Cord Lesion Detection Compared With Standard 2-Dimensional Imaging via Investigative Radiology - Current Issue Objectives Fluid and white matter suppression (FLAWS) is a recently proposed magnetic resonance sequence derived from magnetization-prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient-echo providing 2 coregistered datasets with white matter– and cerebrospinal fluid–suppressed signal, enabling synthetic imaging with amplified contrast. Although these features are high potential for brain multiple sclerosis (MS) imaging, spinal cord has never been evaluated with this sequence to date. The objective of this work was therefore to assess diagnostic performance and self-confidence provided by compressed-sensing (CS) 3-dimensional (3D) FLAWS for cervical MS lesion detection on a head scan that includes the cervical cord without changing standard procedures. Materials and Methods Prospective 3 T scans (MS first diagnosis or follow-up) acquired between 2019 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent 3D CS-FLAWS (duration: 5 minutes 40 seconds), axial T2 turbo spin echo covering cervical spine from cervicomedullary junction to the same inferior level as FLAWS, and sagittal cervical T2/short tau inversion recovery imaging. Two readers performed a 2-stage double-blind reading, followed by consensus reading. Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the number of detected spinal cord lesions and the reader's diagnostic self-confidence when using FLAWS versus the reference 2D T2-weighted imaging. Results Fifty-eight patients were included (mean age, 40 ± 13 years, 46 women, 7 ± 6 years mean disease duration). The CS-FLAWS detected significantly more lesions than the reference T2-weighted imaging (197 vs 152 detected lesions, P View on Web

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Could red cell distribution width be used for predicting cardiac injury in neonates with COVID‐19?

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Could red cell distribution width be used for predicting cardiac injury in neonates with COVID‐19? via Journal of Medical Virology ABSTRACT Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can affect people of all age groups and it can occasionally cause life-threatening clinical illness in immunologically immature population, especially in newborns. High red cell distribution width (RDW) values were used as early prognostic biomarker of some neonatal diseases. We aimed to determine the prognostic value of red cell distribution width in severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected neonates. Methods Newborns with positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test from a nasopharyngeal swab sample, who had refractory fever (>38°C and lasting more than 24 hours during hospitalization) screened for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in newborns (MIS-N), systemic inflammatory indexes calculated and cardiologic evaluation performed to these patients. Due to troponin levels (high: >45 ng/L and low: ≤45 ng/L) patients were grouped. Results Of the 68 SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive newborns, 26 patients had refractory fever. Comparison of laboratory findings between the high and low troponin groups showed that RDW and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio values were significantly higher in patients with high troponin levels (p = 0.022 and p = 0.030, respectively). The cut-off values with optimal sensitivity and specificity were determined as 1.00 for neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.205) and 16.6 for red cell distribution width (p = 0.014). None of the patients died. Conclusions Neonatal coronavirus disease 2019 generally has a benign prognosis, but can progress to severe disease and cases of MIS-N are rare. RDW could be prognostic in diagnosis and management of neonates with SARS-CoV-2 infection with high troponin levels. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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A case of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mandibular gingiva treated using multimodal therapy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A case of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mandibular gingiva treated using multimodal therapy via ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology Publication date: Available online 8 August 2022 Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology Author(s): Tomoaki Hamana, Shigeru Sakurai, Atsuko Hamada, Shinnichi Sakamoto, Hisako Furusho, Shigeaki Toratani View on Web

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