Amplification of pressure waves in laser-assisted endodontics with synchronized delivery of Er:YAG laser pulses

Abstract

When attempting to clean surfaces of dental root canals with laser-induced cavitation bubbles, the resulting cavitation oscillations are significantly prolonged due to friction on the cavity walls and other factors. Consequently, the collapses are less intense and the shock waves that are usually emitted following a bubble's collapse are diminished or not present at all. A new technique of synchronized laser-pulse delivery intended to enhance the emission of shock waves from collapsed bubbles in fluid-filled endodontic canals is reported. A laser beam deflection probe, a high-speed camera, and shadow photography were used to characterize the induced photoacoustic phenomena during synchronized delivery of Er:YAG laser pulses in a confined volume of water. A shock wave enhancing technique was employed which consists of delivering a second laser pulse at a delay with regard to the first cavitation bubble-forming laser pulse. Influence of the delay between the first and second laser pulses on the generation of pressure and shock waves during the first bubble's collapse was measured for different laser pulse energies and cavity volumes. Results show that the optimal delay between the two laser pulses is strongly correlated with the cavitation bubble's oscillation period. Under optimal synchronization conditions, the growth of the second cavitation bubble was observed to accelerate the collapse of the first cavitation bubble, leading to a violent collapse, during which shock waves are emitted. Additionally, shock waves created by the accelerated collapse of the primary cavitation bubble and as well of the accompanying smaller secondary bubbles near the cavity walls were observed. The reported phenomena may have applications in improved laser cleaning of surfaces during laser-assisted dental root canal treatments.

http://ift.tt/2FtViEQ

Does biochar affect the availability and chemical fractionation of phosphate in soils?

Abstract

Biochar as a soil amendment has been reported to affect the content and availability of soil nutrients. In this study, we aimed to test whether the biochar addition to soils would change the availability and chemical fractionation of phosphate in soils. Two soils (Ultisol and Alfisol) were amended with five kinds of biochars at application rate of 0, 1, and 2% (w/w). After 3-month incubation, availability and chemical forms of P were measured to investigate the potential effect and role of biochar in improving P availability in soils. The biochars used here had a lager variation of P content, depending on their feedstocks. Compared to the untreated soils, application of biochars derived from deciduous tree leaves (DLB), reed (RB), and rice straw (RSB) significantly increased the pH of two soils. The total P content of biochar-amended soils was increased with the addition of biochars. However, only RSB exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05) of total P content. Application of biochars significantly increased the NH₄Cl-extractable P content of two soils, indicating that biochars were able to increase the availability of phosphate in soils, but the amount of available P was dependent on biochar types. Ultisol and Alfisol amended with RSB (2% w/w) showed an increase in the P availability (0.5 M NaHCO₃-extractable P) by 46 and 39%, respectively. For strongly acidic Ultisol, addition of biochar significantly increased Al-P and Ca-P content, as well as decreased Fe-P content. The P desorption test indicated the release of P from soils increased with the addition of biochar. Results suggested that biochar would change the P sorption affinity of the soil and help to increase the availability of fixed P. The increase of P availability with biochar application was due to the pH change and direct P contribution from biochar. Our results concluded that biochar affected the availability, chemical forms, and sorption capability of phosphate in soil. The extent of biochar effects on soil P varied greatly with the type of feedstock of biochar and soil type.

http://ift.tt/2qOveAO

Adrenal Oncocytic Neoplasm with Paradoxical Loss of Important Mitochondrial Steroidogenic Protein: The 18 kDA Translocator Protein.

Adrenal Oncocytic Neoplasm with Paradoxical Loss of Important Mitochondrial Steroidogenic Protein: The 18 kDA Translocator Protein.

Case Rep Endocrinol. 2017;2017:6734695

Authors: Ruiz-Cordero R, Gupta A, Jayakumar AR, Ciancio G, Nielsen GP, Jorda M

Abstract
The adrenal glands produce a variety of hormones that play a key role in the regulation of blood pressure, electrolyte homeostasis, metabolism, immune system suppression, and the body's physiologic response to stress. Adrenal neoplasms can be asymptomatic or can overproduce certain hormones that lead to different clinical manifestations. Oncocytic adrenal neoplasms are infrequent tumors that arise from cells in the adrenal cortex and display a characteristic increase in the number of cytoplasmic mitochondria. Since the rate-limiting step in steroidogenesis includes the transport of cholesterol across the mitochondrial membranes, in part carried out by the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), we assessed the expression of TSPO in a case of adrenal oncocytic neoplasm using residual adrenal gland of the patient as internal control. We observed a significant loss of TSPO immunofluorescence expression in the adrenal oncocytic tumor cells when compared to adjacent normal adrenal tissue. We further confirmed this finding by employing Western blot analysis to semiquantify TSPO expression in tumor and normal adrenal cells. Our findings could suggest a potential role of TSPO in the tumorigenesis of this case of adrenocortical oncocytic neoplasm.

PMID: 29318061 [PubMed]

http://ift.tt/2mjvZfT

Rare Cause of Recurrent Hypoglycemia: Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome.

Rare Cause of Recurrent Hypoglycemia: Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome.

Case Rep Endocrinol. 2017;2017:6423852

Authors: Tinmanee R, Buranagan R, Ploybutr S, Lertwattanarak R, Sriwijitkamol A

Abstract
We report a case of insulin autoimmune syndrome associated with several autoantibodies, presenting with recurrent hypoglycemia, predominantly in the postprandial period, which improved by dietary management and spontaneously resolved within two months. Differentiation from other causes of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, such as insulinoma, is important to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures or surgical interventions. The 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and mixed meal test showed a typical pattern, which may be useful indirect evidence of insulin autoimmune syndrome.

PMID: 29318060 [PubMed]

http://ift.tt/2D4z2mF

Antidepressant-Related Black Thyroid

http://ift.tt/2DkNVP4

Impact of subclinical hypothyroidism with TSH ≤10 mIU/L on glomerular filtration rate in adult women without known kidney disease

http://ift.tt/2D0Eesd

Impact of subclinical hypothyroidism with TSH ≤10 mIU/L on glomerular filtration rate in adult women without known kidney disease

http://ift.tt/2D0Eesd

Complete resorption of Veritas® in acellular dermal matrix (ADM)-assisted implant-based breast reconstructions—is there a need for tighter regulation of new products developed for use in breast reconstruction?

Abstract

Background

Veritas® collagen matrix is derived from bovine pericardium and is currently used in soft tissue and breast reconstruction. This study reports the experience of implant-based breast reconstruction using Veritas® collagen matrix in a specialist breast unit.

Methods

This case series included all consecutive patients undergoing mastectomy and implant-based reconstruction using Veritas® over an 18-month period. Demographics, risk factors, operative parameters and postoperative outcomes were recorded prospectively.

Results

Nineteen patients underwent a total of 30 breast reconstruction procedures over the study period. Of these, 57.9% (N = 11) had bilateral procedures. Breast cancer was the commonest indication. Forty percent (N = 12) had concomitant axillary surgery. Forty percent (N = 12) had two-stage reconstruction. Prophylactic antibiotics and drains were used in all cases. Median mastectomy weight was 308 g (interquartile range (IQR) 205–363 g). Median implant volume was 350 ml (IQR 275–400 ml). Twenty percent (N = 6) had minor complications within 3 months. Forty-two percent (N = 8) of patients had complete resorption of Veritas® (50%, N = 15 reconstructions) with "bottoming out" of implants requiring revision surgery. Ten percent (N = 3) developed capsular contracture following radiotherapy and 3.3% (N = 1) had implant loss due to pain following postoperative infection. Product outcomes were reported to the manufacturers.

Conclusions

Veritas® collagen matrix has a comparable immediate postoperative complication rate when compared to other acellular dermal matrix. However, the long-term resorption rate in this series is high resulting in frequent correctional surgery.

Level of Evidence: Level III, risk/prognostic study.

http://ift.tt/2mgl4Uf

Characterizing and sourcing ambient PM2.5 over key emission regions in China III: Carbon isotope based source apportionment of black carbon

Publication date: March 2018
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 177
Author(s): Kuangyou Yu, Zhenyu Xing, Xiaofeng Huang, Junjun Deng, August Andersson, Wenzheng Fang, Örjan Gustafsson, Jiabin Zhou, Ke Du
Regional haze over China has severe implications for air quality and regional climate. To effectively combat these effects the high uncertainties regarding the emissions from different sources needs to be reduced. In this paper, which is the third in a series on the sources of PM2.5 in pollution hotspot regions of China, we focus on the sources of black carbon aerosols (BC), using carbon isotope signatures. Four-season samples were collected at two key locations: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH, part of Northern China plain), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD). We find that that fossil fuel combustion was the predominant source of BC in both BTH and PRD regions, accounting for 75 ± 5%. However, the contributions of what fossil fuel components were dominating differed significantly between BTH and PRD, and varied dramatically with seasons. Coal combustion is overall the all-important BC source in BTH, accounting for 46 ± 12% of the BC in BTH, with the maximum value (62%) found in winter. In contrast for the PRD region, liquid fossil fuel combustion (e.g., oil, diesel, and gasoline) is the dominant source of BC, with an annual mean value of 41 ± 15% and the maximum value of 55% found in winter. Region- and season-specific source apportionments are recommended to both accurately assess the climate impact of carbonaceous aerosol emissions and to effectively mitigate deteriorating air quality caused by carbonaceous aerosols.



http://ift.tt/2mq6xGh

On-site ocean horizontal aerosol extinction coefficient inversion under different weather conditions on the Bo-hai and Huang-hai Seas

Publication date: March 2018
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 177
Author(s): Xianjiang Zeng, Min Xia, Yinghui Ge, Wenping Guo, Kecheng Yang
In this paper, we explore the horizontal extinction characteristics under different weather conditions on the ocean surface with on-site experiments on the Bo-hai and Huang-hai Seas in the summer of 2016. An experimental lidar system is designed to collect the on-site experimental data. By aiming at the inhomogeneity and uncertainty of the horizontal aerosol in practice, a joint retrieval method is proposed to retrieve the aerosol extinction coefficients (AEC) from the raw data along the optical path. The retrieval results of both the simulated and the real signals demonstrate that the joint retrieval method is practical. Finally, the sequence observation results of the on-site experiments under different weather conditions are reported and analyzed. These results can provide the attenuation information to analyze the atmospheric aerosol characteristics on the ocean surface.



http://ift.tt/2mpQGYp

Atmospheric ammonia measurements along the coastal lines of Southeastern China: Implications for inorganic nitrogen deposition to coastal waters

Publication date: March 2018
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 177
Author(s): Shui-Ping Wu, Lu-Hong Dai, Ya Wei, Heng Zhu, Yin-Ju Zhang, James J. Schwab, Chung-Shin Yuan
Ambient NH3 concentrations were determined using Ogawa passive samplers along the coastal lines of southeast China from June 2015 to May 2017. Additional monitoring of PM2.5 and precipitation around Xiamen Bay during the period from November 2015 to May 2017 were carried out to estimate atmospheric inorganic nitrogen (IN) deposition to the bay. Distinct seasonal variations of ambient NH3 were observed with summer averages 1.41–5.56 times higher than winter, which agreed well with the seasonal trend of air temperature. Nitrate concentrations (pNO3^-) in PM2.5 were significantly higher than ammonium concentrations (pNH4⁺), and both species showed higher concentrations in winter and spring and lower values in summer and fall which were influenced mainly by the monsoon cycle, gas-to-particle transformation process and rain washout. Paired t-testing revealed that no significant differences of pNO3^- and pNH4⁺ between the urban and suburban sites around the Xiamen Bay. Unlike pNO3^- and pNH4⁺, there were no clear seasonal trends for NH4⁺ and NO3⁻ concentrations in precipitation samples (wNH4⁺ and wNO3^-). On average, the deposition of IN consisted of NH3-N (27.4–28.2%) and pNO3^--N (25.9–26.8%), followed by pNH4⁺-N (17.0–17.7%), wNH4⁺-N (14.5%), wNO3^--N (13.3–13.8%) and NO2-N (0.35–0.46%); and showed distinct seasonal trends with higher values in winter/spring and lower values in summer/fall. In 2016, the total IN deposition was determined to be 36.45 and 35.92 kg N ha⁻¹ at the urban and suburban sites around the Xiamen Bay, respectively. The proportion of IN deposition to total IN loads (terrestrial + atmospheric), varied over the range of 7.1–13.3% depending on the data source of riverine influx. Our observations revealed that the total IN deposition could account for 9.6–25.1% (based on primary productivity over Taiwan Strait) and 1.7–5.3% (based on primary productivity in Guangdong coastal region) of new productivity in Xiamen Bay, respectively. As an important nutrient source, the atmospheric deposition of N could have significant impacts on coastal marine ecosystems.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2mrIG96

Multi-model Analysis of Diffusion-weighted Imaging of Normal Testes at 3.0 T

Publication date: Available online 10 January 2018
Source:Academic Radiology
Author(s): Xiangde Min, Zhaoyan Feng, Liang Wang, Jie Cai, Basen Li, Zan Ke, Peipei Zhang, Huijuan You, Xu Yan
Rationale and ObjectivesThis study aimed to establish diffusion quantitative parameters (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], DDC, α, Dapp, and Kapp) in normal testes at 3.0 T.Materials and methodsSixty-four healthy volunteers in two age groups (A: 10–39 years; B: ≥ 40 years) underwent diffusion-weighted imaging scanning at 3.0 T. ADC1000, ADC2000, ADC3000, DDC, α, Dapp, and Kapp were calculated using the mono-exponential, stretched-exponential, and kurtosis models. The correlations between parameters and the age were analyzed. The parameters were compared between the age groups and between the right and the left testes.ResultsThe average ADC1000, ADC2000, ADC3000, DDC, α, Dapp, and Kapp values did not significantly differ between the right and the left testes (P > .05 for all). The following significant correlations were found: positive correlations between age and testicular ADC1000, ADC2000, ADC3000, DDC, and Dapp (r = 0.516, 0.518, 0.518, 0.521, and 0.516, respectively; P < .01 for all) and negative correlations between age and testicular α and Kapp (r = −0.363, −0.427, respectively; P < .01 for both). Compared to group B, in group A, ADC1000, ADC2000, ADC3000, DDC, and Dapp were significantly lower (P < .05 for all), but α and Kapp were significantly higher (P < .05 for both).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated the applicability of the testicular mono-exponential, stretched-exponential, and kurtosis models. Our results can help establish a baseline for the normal testicular parameters in these diffusion models. The contralateral normal testis can serve as a suitable reference for evaluating the abnormalities of the other side. The effect of age on these parameters requires further attention.



http://ift.tt/2mgsua3

Breast Imaging Match Highlights the Need to Unify the Approach to Fellowship

Publication date: Available online 10 January 2018
Source:Academic Radiology
Author(s): Cory M. Pfeifer




http://ift.tt/2D0ljNp

Quantitative CT Evaluation of Small Pulmonary Vessels in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Publication date: Available online 10 January 2018
Source:Academic Radiology
Author(s): Shin Matsuoka, Akiyuki Kotoku, Tsuneo Yamashiro, Shoichiro Matsushita, Atsuko Fujikawa, Kunihiro Yagihashi, Yasuo Nakajima
Rationale and ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between the computed tomography (CT) cross-sectional area (CSA) of small pulmonary vessels and the CT obstruction index in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and the correlation between the changes in these measurements after anticoagulant therapy.Materials and MethodsFifty-two patients with acute PE were selected for this study. We measured the CSA less than 5 mm² on coronal reconstructed images to obtain the percentage of the CSA (%CSA < 5). CT angiographic index was obtained based on the Qanadli method for the evaluation of the degree of pulmonary arterial obstruction. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the initial and the follow-up values and changes in the %CSA < 5 and the CT obstruction index.ResultsThere was no significant correlation between the %CSA < 5 and CT obstruction index on both initial (ρ = −0.03, P = 0.84) and follow-up (ρ = −0.03, P = 0.82) assessments. In contrast, there was a significant negative correlation between the changes in %CSA < 5 and the CT obstruction index (ρ = −0.59, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsAlthough the absolute %CSA < 5 and CT obstruction index were not significantly correlated, the changes in the values of the two parameters had a significant correlation. Changes in %CSA < 5, which can be obtained easily, can be used as biomarker of therapeutic response in patients with acute PE.



http://ift.tt/2CZh6cW

Fully Automated Segmentation of Polycystic Kidneys From Noncontrast Computed Tomography

Publication date: Available online 10 January 2018
Source:Academic Radiology
Author(s): Dario Turco, Maddalena Valinoti, Eva Maria Martin, Carlo Tagliaferri, Francesco Scolari, Cristiana Corsi
Rationale and ObjectivesTotal kidney volume is an important biomarker for the evaluation of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease progression. In this study, we present a novel approach for automated segmentation of polycystic kidneys from non–contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images.Materials and MethodsNon–contrast-enhanced CT images were acquired from 21 patients with a diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Kidney volumes obtained from the fully automated method were compared to volumes obtained by manual segmentation and evaluated using linear regression and Bland-Altman analyses. Dice coefficient was used for performance evaluation.ResultsKidney volumes from the automated method well correlated with the ones obtained by manual segmentation. Bland-Altman analysis showed a low percentage bias (−0.3%) and narrow limits of agreements (11.0%). The overlap between the three-dimensional kidney surfaces obtained with our approach and by manual tracing, expressed in terms of Dice coefficient, showed good agreement (0.91 ± 0.02).ConclusionsThis preliminary study showed the proposed fully automated method for renal volume assessment is feasible, exhibiting how a correct use of biomedical image processing may allow polycystic kidney segmentation also in non–contrast-enhanced CT. Further investigation on a larger dataset is needed to confirm the robustness of the presented approach.



http://ift.tt/2mgSkum

Uterine Artery Embolization

Publication date: Available online 10 January 2018
Source:Academic Radiology
Author(s): Timothy E. Murray, Tayyaub Mansoor, Dermot J. Bowden, Damien C. O'Neill, Michael J. Lee
Rationale and ObjectivesInvestigators aimed to assess online information describing uterine artery embolization (UAE) to examine the quality and readability of websites patients are accessing.Materials and MethodsA list of applicable, commonly used searchable terms was generated, including "Uterine Artery Embolization," "Fibroid Embolization," "Uterine Fibroid Embolization," and "Uterine Artery Embolisation." Each possible term was assessed across the five most-used English language search engines to determine the most commonly used term. The most common term was then investigated across each search engine, with the first 25 pages returned by each engine included for analysis. Duplicate pages, nontext content such as video or audio, and pages behind paywalls were excluded. Pages were analyzed for quality and readability using validated tools including DISCERN score, JAMA Benchmark Criteria, HONcode Certification, Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, and Gunning-Fog Index. Secondary features such as age, rank, author, and publisher were recorded.ResultsThe most common applicable term was "Uterine Artery Embolization" (492,900 results). Mean DISCERN quality of information provided by UAE websites is "fair"; however, it has declined since comparative 2012 studies. Adherence to JAMA Benchmark Criteria has reduced to 6.7%. UAE website readability remains more difficult than the World Health Organization–recommended 7–8th grade reading levels. HONcode-certified websites (35.6%) demonstrated significantly higher quality than noncertified websites.ConclusionsQuality of online UAE information remains "fair." Adherence to JAMA benchmark criteria is poor. Readability is above recommended 7–8th grade levels. HONcode certification was predictive of higher website quality, a useful guide to patients requesting additional information.



http://ift.tt/2D0lisP

Environmental pollutants, pathogens and immune system in earthworms

Abstract

Earthworms also known as farmer's friends are natural tillers of soil. They belong to Phylum Annelida and class Oligochaeta. Acid soils with organic matter and surface humus maintain the largest fauna of worms and earthworms. Due to their habitat in soil, they are constantly exposed to microbes and pollution generated by anthropogenic sources. Studies have revealed that damage of the immune system of earthworms can lead to alterations of both morphological and cellular characteristics of worms, activation of signalling pathways and can strongly influence their survival. Therefore, the understanding of the robust immune system in earthworms has become very important from the point of view of understanding its role in combating pathogens and pollutants and its role in indicating the soil pollution. In this article, we have outlined the (i) components of the immune system and (ii) their function of immunological responses on exposure to pollutants and pathogens. This study finds importance from the point of view of ecotoxicology and monitoring of earthworm health and exploring the scope of earthworm immune system components as biomarkers of pollutants and environmental toxicity. The future scope of this review remains in understanding the earthworm immunobiology and indicating strong biomarkers for pollution.

http://ift.tt/2mj8Mdt

Surveillance After Endovascular Treatment for Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury

Publication date: Available online 10 January 2018
Source:European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
Author(s): Vladimir Makaloski, Konstantinos Spanos, Jürg Schmidli, Tilo Kölbel




http://ift.tt/2FseDWD

Degradation of organics extracted from dewatered sludge by alkaline pretreatment in microbial electrolysis cell

Abstract

Waste activated sludge in China are mostly subjected to dewatering process before final disposal without stabilization. This study investigated the feasibility of organics degradation and H₂ production from non-stabilized dewatered sludge (DS) by microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). Alkaline pretreatment was used to disintegrate sludge matrix and solubilize organic matters in DS. Then, the treatment performance of DS supernatant in a single-chamber MEC at various applied voltages was investigated. The COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal rate increased with increasing voltage, which ranged from 26.35 to 44.92% at 0.5–0.9 V. The average coulombic efficiency was 75.6%, while the cathodic hydrogen recovery was not satisfied (15.56–20.05%) with H₂ production rates of 0.027–0.038 m³ H₂/(m³ day). The reasons could be ascribed to the complexity of the substrate, H₂ loss, and the confinement of configuration in scale-up. The organic matter degradation was influenced by the composition of DS. The carbohydrates could be readily used; meanwhile, the major component of the DS supernatant, i.e. proteins, was difficult to be utilized, which resulted from the low biodegradability of the transphilic fractions during the MEC operation.

http://ift.tt/2mpJlrH

Scholar : ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙΤΙΣ - νέα αποτελέσματ

Epidemiology and Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in HIV (+) Patients from 1998 to 2012: A Nationwide Analysis

K Mehta, A Im, F Rahman, H Wang, P Veldkamp - Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2018

… infections (OI's), development of Graft vs. Host Disease (GVHD), stomatitis and need for total
parenteral nutrition (TPN)), and venous thromboembolism (VTE) … of IFI in matched-pairs
analysis. Similarly, incidence of stomatitis was lower in HIV patients in …

Ethnomedicinal, Toxicity and Pharmacological study of Abrus precatorious: A Critical Review

DNS Gautam - Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2017

… The root, seeds, and leaves of A. precatorious are used worldwide for the treatment
pain, swelling, leucoderma, stomatitis, wounds, gonorrhea, goiter, cervical lymph
node, horseness of voice, purgative, emetic, alopecia sciatica …

대중목욕탕에서 칫솔보관 방법에 따른 세균량 조사

윤정원， 김윤경， 김지수， 이민경， 이정화 - 대한구강보건학회지, 2017

… medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objectives: Bacterial colonization
on toothbrushes can cause stomatitis and other oral diseases such as dental caries
and periodontitis. In this study we tested 18 toothbrushes …

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SS Gao, IS Zhao, S Duffin, D Duangthip, ECM Lo… - International Journal of …, 2018

Silver nitrate has been adopted for medical use as a disinfectant for eye disease and burned
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Y Liu, C Yue, J Li, J Wu, S Wang, D Sun, Y Guo, Z Lin… - Oncology Letters

… The concurrent chemo‑ therapy of cisplatin (30 mg/m2) and docetaxel (40 mg/m2) and external
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effects including acute gastrointestinal toxicity, myelotoxicity, stomatitis, skin toxicity and …

Therapeutic Targets of FDA-Approved Immunotherapies in Oncology

SN Markovic, AB Kumar - The Basics of Cancer Immunotherapy, 2018

A healthy individual is capable of identifying a foreign antigen and generating
an immune response to it. The principal aim of present-day cancer
immunotherapy is to augment the pre-existing host–anti.

[PDF] KEMOTERAPİ ALAN HASTALARDA AĞIZ BAKIMI STANDARDININ AĞIZ KOMPLİKASYONLARI GELİŞME RİSKİNİ ÖNLEMESİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Z GÜNEŞ

… Patients are offered active share in their own care. Key Words: Stomatitis, chemoterapy,
chemoterapy complications GIRIŞ … 63 8. Graham KM (1993) Reducing the incidence of stomatitis
using a quality assessment and improvement approach :Cancer Nursing 16 (2): 117-122 …

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