Incidence of venous thromboembolism and use of anticoagulation in hematological malignancies: Critical review of the literature

Publication date: April 2018
Source:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, Volume 124
Author(s): Ombretta Annibali, Mariasanta Napolitano, Giuseppe Avvisati, Sergio Siragusa
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) frequently complicates the course of hematologic malignancies (HM) and its incidence is similar to that observed in high-risk solid tumors. Despite that, pharmacologic prophylaxis and treatment of VTE in patients with HM is challenging, mainly because a severe thrombocytopenia frequently complicates the course of treatments or may be present since diagnosis, thus increasing the risk of bleeding. Therefore, in this setting, safe and effective methods of VTE prophylaxis and treatment have not been well defined and hematologists generally refer to guidelines produced for cancer patients that give indications on anticoagulation in patients with thrombocytopenia. In this review, besides to summarize the incidence and the available data on prophylaxis and treatment of VTE in HM, we give some advices on how to use antithrombotic drugs in patients with HM according to platelets count.



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Critical role of Zn/Sn ratio to enhance Cu-Zn-Sn-S solar cell efficiency by suppressing detrimental Cu2-xS secondary phase

Publication date: 1 June 2018
Source:Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Volume 179
Author(s): Kulwinder Kaur, Mohit Sood, Naveen Kumar, Heydar Honaryar Nazari, Ganesh Sainadh Gudavalli, Tara P. Dhakal, Mukesh Kumar
The co-existing secondary phases, in off-stoichiometric Cu-Zn-Sn-S (CZTS) solar cells, are one of the main causes of performance gap between earth abundant CZTS and matured Cu-In-Ga-Se (CIGS) solar cells technology. Highly metallic Cu-S based secondary phases provide shunting paths to the current flow and critically affect the device performance. Several chemical etchants have been developed and used to remove conductive Cu2-xS phase from CZTS absorber surface before device fabrication. Present work is mainly focused to tune the Zn/Sn composition ratio in co-sputtered CZTS active layer to suppress the formation of Cu2-xS phase during the growth itself to eliminate the additional step of etching in device fabrication. Significant reduction of Cu2-xS secondary phase was observed with decreased Zn/Sn ratio, which resulted in more than 3 times efficiency enhancement for the final composition. The fabricated solar cell in the stacking order of Ag/ITO/i-ZnO/CdS/CZTS/Mo/SLG with optimum composition showed an efficiency of 6.11% without any antireflection coating. Controlling the Zn/Sn ratio resulted in an effective and virtuous solution to avoid the detrimental secondary phases like Cu2-xS, which conventionally required a chemical etching treatment.

Graphical abstract

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Effects of mine tailing and mixed contamination on metals, trace elements accumulation and histopathology of the chub (Squalius cephalus) tissues: Evidence from three differently contaminated sites in Serbia

Publication date: 30 May 2018
Source:Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Volume 153
Author(s): Božidar Rašković, Vesna Poleksić, Stefan Skorić, Katarina Jovičić, Slađana Spasić, Aleksandar Hegediš, Nebojša Vasić, Mirjana Lenhardt
Chub (Squalius cephalus) specimens were collected in Korenita River seven months after spillover from the waste water of antimony mine tailing pond and compared with chub living in Kruščica reservoir (intended for water supply) and Međuvršje reservoir (influenced by intense emission of industrial, urban and rural wastewater). Concentrations of 15 elements (Al, As, B, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Si, Sr, Zn) were determined in muscle, liver and gills of chub by inductively coupled plasma optical spectrometry (ICP-OES) and histopathological alterations in liver and gills were assessed. Chub specimens from Korenita River had higher concentrations of As, Ba and Pb in all three investigated tissues as well as higher total histopathological index values than chub from reservoirs. Specimens from Međuvršje reservoir were characterized by higher values for concentrations of Cu and Si in muscle tissue and higher values for regressive histopathological alterations in gills. Individuals of chub from Kruščica reservoir had the highest concentrations of Fe in liver, Hg in muscle and Sr and Zn in muscle while gills had the lowest value of total histopathological index. The results from the present study showed higher level of histopathological alterations as a result of mine tailing accident. As a result of mixed contamination on the Međuvršje site, histopathological index values of gills were in line with the index value from Korenita River. Increased values for Fe and Sr in chub tissue from Kruščica reservoir could be explained by geological structure of the site which is characterized by magmatic rock rich in Cu, Fe and Ni as well as dominant carbonate sediment complex of marine origin with increased level of Sr.

Graphical abstract

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Decreased short-interval intracortical inhibition correlates with better pinch strength in patients with stroke and good motor recovery

Publication date: Available online 14 February 2018
Source:Brain Stimulation
Author(s): Karina Nocelo Ferreiro de Andrade, Adriana Bastos Conforto
BackgroundDeeper short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), a marker of GABAA activity, correlates with better motor performance in patients with moderate to severe hand impairments in the chronic phase after stroke.ObjectivesWe evaluated the correlation between SICI in the affected hemisphere and pinch force of the paretic hand in well-recovered patients. We also investigated the correlation between SICI and pinch force in controls.MethodsTwenty-two subjects were included in the study. SICI was measured with a paired-pulse paradigm. The correlation between lateral pinch strength and SICI was assessed with Spearman's rho.ResultsThere was a significant correlation (rho = 0.69, p = 0.014) between SICI and pinch strength in patients, but not in controls. SICI was significantly deeper in patients with greater hand weakness.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest that decreased GABAA activity in M1AH correlates with better hand motor performance in well-recovered subjects with stroke in the chronic phase.



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Age and HIV effects on resting state of the brain in relationship to neurocognitive functioning

Publication date: 15 May 2018
Source:Behavioural Brain Research, Volume 344
Author(s): Anna R. Egbert, Bharat Biswal, Keerthana Karunakaran, Suril Gohel, Agnieszka Pluta, Tomasz Wolak, Bogna Szymańska, Ewa Firląg-Burkacka, Marta Sobańska, Natalia Gawron, Przemysław Bieńkowski, Halina Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, Anna Ścińska-Bieńkowska, Robert Bornstein, Stephen Rao, Emilia Łojek
This study examined the effects of age and HIV infection on the resting state (RS) functional connectivity (FC) of the brain and cognitive functioning. The objective was to evaluate the moderating role of age and HIV on the relationship between RS-FC and cognition. To examine RS-FC we implemented the Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Regional Homogeneity (ReHo). Neurocognition was evaluated with comprehensive battery of standardized neuropsychological tests. Age and HIV were entered as the independent variables. The independent effects of age, HIV, and interaction effects of age-HIV on RS-fMRI measures (ICA, ReHo) were tested in 108 participants (age M = 42). RS-FC indices that exhibited age-HIV interactions were entered into further analysis. Bivariate correlation analysis was performed between the retained RS-FC indices and T-scores of neurocognitive domains (Attention, Executive, Memory, Psychomotor, Semantic Skills). Multivariate regression modeling determined the impact of age and HIV on these relationships. We found that in the ICA measures, HIV-seropositivity was decreasing RS-FC in the left middle occipital gyrus (p < .001). Age-HIV interaction was observed in the left superior frontal gyrus (LSupFrontG), where FC was decreasing with age in HIV+ (p < .001) and increasing in HIV− (p = .031). ReHo indices did not reveal significant effects. HIV strengthened the relationship between RS-FC in LSupFrontG, Memory and Psychomotor Factor scores. Aging weakened those relationships only in control group. In sum, age-HIV interaction effects are prominent rather in remote than local RS-FC. Seroconversion strengthens relationships between intrinsic brain activity and neurocognition, but no acceleration with years of age was noted in HIV+ individuals.



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Reversal of drug-induced gingival overgrowth by UV-mediated apoptosis of gingival fibroblasts — an in vitro study.

Publication date: May 2018
Source:Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger, Volume 217
Author(s): Casey Ritchhart, Anita Joy
Gingival overgrowth (GO) is an undesirable result of certain drugs like Cyclosporine A (CsA). Histopathology of GO shows hyperplasia of gingival epithelium, expansion of connective tissue with increased collagen, or a combination. Factors such as age, gender, oral hygiene, duration, and dosage also influence onset and severity of GO. One of the mechanisms behind uncontrolled cell proliferation in drug-induced GO is inhibition of apoptotic pathways, with a consequent effect on normal cell turnover. Our objective was to determine if UV photo-treatment would activate apoptosis in the gingival fibroblast component. Human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF-1) were exposed to 200ng/ml or 400ng/ml CsA and maintained for 3, 6, and 9 days, followed by UV radiation for 2, 5, or 10min (N=6). Naïve (no CsA or UV), negative (UV, no CsA), and positive controls (CsA, no UV) were designated. Prior to UV treatment, growth media was replaced with 1M PBS to prevent absorption of UV radiation by serum proteins, and cells were incubated in growth media for 24h post-UV before processing for TUNEL assay, cell proliferation assays, or immunofluorescence. Data showed a temporal increase in proliferation of HGF-1 cells under the influence of CsA. The 200ng/ml dose was more effective in causing over-proliferation. UV treatment for 10min resulted in significant reduction in cell numbers, as evidenced by counts and proliferation assays. Our study is a first step to further evaluate UV-mediated apoptosis as a mechanism to control certain forms of GO.



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The Meckel Collections (Die Meckelschen Sammlungen), Rüdiger Schultka

Publication date: May 2018
Source:Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger, Volume 217
Author(s): Friedrich Paulsen




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Diversion of complement-mediated killing by Bordetella

Publication date: Available online 14 February 2018
Source:Microbes and Infection
Author(s): Anaïs Thiriard, Dominique Raze, Camille Locht
The complement cascade participates in protection against bacterial infection and pathogens, including Bordetella pertussis, have developed complement-evading strategies. Here we discuss current knowledge on B. pertussis complement evasion strategies and the role of antibody-dependent complement-mediated killing in protection against B. pertussis infection pointing out important knowledge gaps for further research to improve current pertussis vaccines.



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Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria as an Alternative Strategy for Salt Tolerance in Plants: A Review

Publication date: Available online 13 February 2018
Source:Microbiological Research
Author(s): Muhammad Numan, Samina Bashir, Yasmin Khan, Roqayya Mumtaz, Zabta Khan Shinwari, Abdul Latif Khan, Ajmal Khan, Ahmed AL-Harrasi
Approximately 5.2 billion hectare agriculture land are affected by erosion, salinity and soil degradation. Salinity stress has significantly affecting the fertile lands, and therefore possesses a huge impact on the agriculture and economy of a country. Salt stress has severe effects on the growth and development of plants as well as reducing its yield. Plants are inherently equipped with stress tolerance ability to responds the specific type of stress. Plants retained specific mechanisms for salt stress mitigation, such as hormonal stimulation, ion exchange, antioxidant enzymes and activation of signaling cascades on their metabolic and genetic frontiers that sooth the stressed condition. Additional to the plant inherent mechanisms, certain plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) also have specialized mechanism that play key role for salt stress tolerance and plant growth promotion. These bacteria triggers plants to produce different plant growth hormones like auxin, cytokinine and gibberelline as well as volatile organic compounds. These bacteria also produces growth regulators like siderophore, which fix nitrogen, solubilize organic and inorganic phosphate. Considering the importance of PGPB in compensation of salt tolerance in plants, the present study has reviewed the different aspect and mechanism of bacteria that play key role in promoting plants growth and yield. It can be concluded that PGPB can be used as a cost effective and economical tool for salinity tolerance and growth promotion in plants.

Graphical abstract

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Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of innate-like T lymphocyte development

Publication date: April 2018
Source:Current Opinion in Immunology, Volume 51
Author(s): Mihalis Verykokakis, Barbara L Kee
Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are a heterogeneous innate T cell population that recognizes lipid antigens. Despite the monospecific nature of their T cell receptor, iNKT cells differentiate into stable sublineages during thymic development, before foreign antigen encounter. How iNKT cell subsets acquire and maintain their functional programs is a central question in innate lymphocyte biology. Global transcriptional and epigenetic profiling of iNKT subsets has provided insights into the internal wiring of these subsets that defines their identity. Comparison of the iNKT transcriptional programs with those of other adaptive and innate lymphocyte lineages revealed common core regulatory circuits that may dictate effector functions. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the molecular mechanisms involved in iNKT cell development.



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Chemical sensing in development and function of intestinal lymphocytes

Publication date: February 2018
Source:Current Opinion in Immunology, Volume 50
Author(s): Luisa Cervantes-Barragan, Marco Colonna
The immune system of the intestinal tract has the challenging task of recognizing and eliminating intestinal pathogens while maintaining tolerance to dietary and commensal antigens; therefore, it must be able to sense environmental cues within the intestine and mount suitable responses dictated by their pathogenic or nonpathogenic nature. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) was originally characterized as a chemical sensor of the environmental pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) [12]. More recently, AHR has emerged as a major chemical sensor expressed in many intestinal immune cells that enables them to distinguish nutritional and microbial cues and is, therefore, important for development, maintenance and function of the intestinal immune system. In this review, we will highlight recent advances in our knowledge of the role of AHR signaling in intestinal innate lymphoid cells (ILC), T cells and B cells.



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CYP27A1 acts on the pre-vitamin D3 photoproduct, lumisterol, producing biologically active hydroxy-metabolites

Publication date: Available online 13 February 2018
Source:The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Author(s): Robert C. Tuckey, Wei Li, Dejian Ma, Chloe Y.S. Cheng, Katie M. Wang, Tae-Kang Kim, Saowanee Jeayeng, Andrzej T. Slominski
Prolonged exposure of the skin to UV radiation causes previtamin D3, the initial photoproduct formed by opening of the B ring of 7-dehydrocholesterol, to undergo a second photochemical reaction where the B-ring is reformed giving lumisterol3 (L3), a stereoisomer of 7-dehydrocholesterol. L3 was believed to be an inactive photoproduct of excessive UV radiation whose formation prevents excessive vitamin D production. Recently, we reported that L3 is present in serum and that CYP11A1 can act on L3 producing monohydroxy- and dihydroxy-metabolites which inhibit skin cell proliferation similarly to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. In this study we tested the ability of human CYP27A1 to hydroxylate L3. L3 was metabolized by purified CYP27A1 to 3 major products identified as 25-hydroxyL3, (25R)-27-hydroxyL3 and (25S)-27-hydroxyL3, by NMR. These three products were also seen when mouse liver mitochondria containing CYP27A1 were incubated with L3. The requirement for CYP27A1 for their formation by mitochondria was confirmed by the inhibition of their synthesis by 5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α-triol, an intermediate in bile acid synthesis which serves as an efficient competitive substrate for CYP27A1. CYP27A1 displayed a high kcat for the metabolism of L3 (76 mol product/min/mol CYP27A1) and a catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) that was 260-fold higher than that for vitamin D3. The CYP27A1-derived hydroxy-derivatives inhibited the proliferation of cultured human melanoma cells and colony formation with IC50 values in the nM range. Thus, L3 is metabolized efficiently by CYP27A1 with hydroxylation at C25 or C27 producing metabolites potent in their ability to inhibit melanoma cell proliferation, supporting that L3 is a prohormone which can be activated by CYP-dependent hydroxylations.



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Comparative proteomic analysis of the maize responses to early leaf senescence induced by preventing pollination

Publication date: Available online 14 February 2018
Source:Journal of Proteomics
Author(s): Liancheng Wu, Shunxi Wang, Lei Tian, Liuji Wu, Mingna Li, Jun Zhang, Pei Li, Weiqiang Zhang, Yanhui Chen
The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanisms of induced leaf senescence by preventing pollination in maize using a proteomic method combined with other physiological methods. An elite maize inbred line Yu816 were selected for evaluation of its senescence mechanism. Phenotypic and chlorophyll content analysis revealed that the onset of leaf senescence occurred earlier in non-pollinated (NONPOL) leaves than pollinated (POL) leaves. Leaf protein species of NONPOL and POL leaves were separately extracted and their proteomes were assessed using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis. A total of 4371 protein species were identified, of which 809 exhibited differentially altered abundance (P < 0.05). The identified protein species were related to diverse functions including photosystems, plant hormones, cell death, oxidative degradation, and protein metabolism, suggesting a potential signaling cascade for ear leaf senescence induced by pollination prevention. In addition, leaf total soluble sugar and leaf starch contents were remarkably higher in NONPOL plants than in POL plants. These findings suggest that induced leaf senescence might be associated with nutrient remobilization. Our results reveal a network of molecular mechanisms at the protein level and provide some insights into the early senescence mechanism in higher plants.Biological significance: The coordination between growth and timing for senescence is critical for maize production. However, the molecular mechanism of induced leaf senescence by preventing pollination in maize remains to be further elucidated at the proteomic level. Herein, we revealed some new protein species that are involved in hormone signaling, glycometabolism, oxidation-reduction, protein degradation and photosystem breakdown, and other biological processes that were not previously known to be associated with leaf senescence. This is the first large-scale proteomics study to examine induced leaf senescence in maize by preventing pollination.

Graphical abstract

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Application of targeted mass spectrometry in bottom-up proteomics for systems biology research

Publication date: Available online 13 February 2018
Source:Journal of Proteomics
Author(s): Nathan P. Manes, Aleksandra Nita-Lazar
The enormous diversity of proteoforms produces tremendous complexity within cellular proteomes, facilitates intricate networks of molecular interactions, and constitutes a formidable analytical challenge for biomedical researchers. Currently, quantitative whole-proteome profiling often relies on non-targeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), which samples proteoforms broadly, but can suffer from lower accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility compared with targeted LC-MS. Recent advances in bottom-up proteomics using targeted LC-MS have enabled previously unachievable identification and quantification of target proteins and posttranslational modifications within complex samples. Consequently, targeted LC-MS is rapidly advancing biomedical research, especially systems biology research in diverse areas that include proteogenomics, interactomics, kinomics, and biological pathway modeling. With the recent development of targeted LC-MS assays for nearly the entire human proteome, targeted LC-MS is positioned to enable quantitative proteomic profiling of unprecedented quality and accessibility to support fundamental and clinical research. Here we review recent applications of bottom-up proteomics using targeted LC-MS for systems biology research.SignificanceThis manuscript is a comprehensive review of the recent advances in bottom-up targeted proteomics research for cell signaling pathways and modeling.

Graphical abstract

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Patient Derived Xenografts (PDX) for personalized treatment of pancreatic cancer: emerging allies in the war on a devastating cancer?

Publication date: Available online 14 February 2018
Source:Journal of Proteomics
Author(s): Evangelia Sereti, Theodosia Karagianellou, Ioanna Kotsoni, Dimitrios Magouliotis, Konstantinos Kamposioras, Engin Ulukaya, Nikos Sakellaridis, Dimitrios Zacharoulis, Konstantinos Dimas
The prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the eighth most lethal cancer for men and ninth for women worldwide, remains dismal. The increasing rates of deaths by PDAC indicate that the overall management of the disease in 21st century is still insufficient. Thus it is obvious that there is an unmet need to improve management of PDAC by finding new biomarkers to screen high risk patients, confirm diagnosis, and predict response to treatment as well more efficacious and safer treatments. Patient Derived Xenografts (PDX) have been developed as a new promising tool in an effort to mirror genetics, tumor heterogeneity and cancer microenvironment of the primary tumor. Herein we aim to give an updated overview of the current status and the perspectives of PDX in the search for the identification of novel biomarkers and improved therapeutic outcomes for PDAC but also their use as a valuable tool towards individualized treatments to improve the outcome of the disease. Furthermore, we critically review the applications, advantages, limitations, and perspectives of PDX in the research towards an improved management of PDAC.SignificanceThis review provides a comprehensive overview of the current status and the potential role as well as the challenges of PDX in the road to fight one of the most lethal cancers in the developed countries, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.



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The beneficial role of exercise in mitigating doxorubicin-induced Mitochondrionopathy

Publication date: April 2018
Source:Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer, Volume 1869, Issue 2
Author(s): I. Marques-Aleixo, E. Santos-Alves, P.J. Oliveira, P.I. Moreira, J. Magalhães, A. Ascensão
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used antineoplastic agent for a wide range of cancers, including hematological malignancies, soft tissue sarcomas and solid tumors. However, DOX exhibits a dose-related toxicity that results in life-threatening cardiomyopathy. In addition to the heart, there is evidence that DOX toxicity extends to other organs. This general toxicity seems to be related to mitochondrial network structural, molecular and functional impairments. Several countermeasures for these negative effects have been proposed, being physical exercise, not only one of the most effective non-pharmacologic strategy but also widely recommended as booster against cancer-related fatigue.It is widely accepted that mitochondria are critical sensors of tissue functionality, both modulated by DOX and exercise. Therefore, this review focuses on the current understanding of the mitochondrial-mediated mechanisms underlying the protective effect of exercise against DOX-induced toxicity, not only limited to the cardiac tissue, but also in other tissues such as skeletal muscle, liver and brain. We here analyze recent developments regarding the beneficial effects of exercise targeting mitochondrial responsive phenotypes against redox changes, mitochondrial bioenergetics, apoptotic, dynamics and quality control signalling affected by DOX treatment.



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Brain response to food cues varying in portion size is associated with individual differences in the portion size effect in children

Publication date: 1 June 2018
Source:Appetite, Volume 125
Author(s): Kathleen L. Keller, Laural K. English, S. Nicole Fearnbach, Marlou Lasschuijt, Kaitlin Anderson, Maria Bermudez, Jennifer O. Fisher, Barbara J. Rolls, Stephen J. Wilson
Large portions promote intake of energy dense foods (i.e., the portion size effect--PSE), but the neurobiological drivers of this effect are not known. We tested the association between blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) brain response to food images varied by portion size (PS) and energy density (ED) and children's intake at test-meals of high- and low-ED foods served at varying portions. Children (N = 47; age 7–10 years) participated in a within-subjects, crossover study consisting of 4 meals of increasing PS of high- and low-ED foods and 1 fMRI to evaluate food images at 2 levels of PS (Large, Small) and 2 levels of ED (High, Low). Contrast values between PS conditions (e.g., Large PS - Small PS) were calculated from BOLD signal in brain regions implicated in cognitive control and reward and input as covariates in mixed models to determine if they moderated the PSE curve. Results showed a significant effect of PS on intake. Responses to Large relative to Small PS in brain regions implicated in salience (e.g., ventromedial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex) were positively associated with the linear slope (i.e., increase in intake from baseline) of the PSE curve, but negatively associated with the quadratic coefficient for the total meal. Responses to Large PS High ED relative to Small PS High ED cues in regions associated with cognitive control (e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) were negatively associated with the linear slope of the PSE curve for high-ED foods. Brain responses to PS cues were associated with individual differences in children's susceptibility to overeating from large portions. Responses in food salience regions positively associated with PSE susceptibility while activation in control regions negatively associated with PSE susceptibility.



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Eating with eyes – Comparing eye movements and food choices between overweight and lean individuals in a real-life buffet setting

Publication date: 1 June 2018
Source:Appetite, Volume 125
Author(s): Eunice Wang, Yusuf O. Cakmak, Mei Peng
Researchers have long sought to pinpoint factors underpinning individual differences in eating behaviour. Emerging data from eye-tracking studies have suggested that attentional biases to food exist among individuals and food types. However, such studies have thus far relied on food images and computerised tasks, limiting real-world implications. The present study tested 32 healthy male participants (16 being overweight) for attentional biases in an ad libitum buffet setting, using wearable eye-trackers. The eye-tracking analyses suggested that sugar content moderated visual fixation biases (p < 0.05), whereas BMI exerted significant effects on pupil diameter (p < 0.05). In addition, findings from the study revealed tripartite relationships between eye-tracking, self-reported liking, and ad libitum intake. Although visual fixation in the "view" condition was correlated with liking for high-calorie food, further analyses showed that this measure was not a strong predictor of food selection. Instead, visual fixation during the selection task could be the key predictor for selection of savoury food. In contrast, neither eye-tracking nor self-reported measures could adequately predict selection of desserts, implicating distinct decision-making processes for different types of food. Due to the small sample size, findings from this study should be replicated in future research. Overall, this study highlights the importance of realistic experimental settings in eye-tracking studies for understanding eating behaviour.



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Editorial Board

Publication date: 1 April 2018
Source:Appetite, Volume 123





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Prevalence and clinical presentation at the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children and adolescents in AL-Baha region, Saudi Arabia

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print


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