Σάββατο 7 Ιουλίου 2018
Scholar : Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Year 2018, Issue 12 -New Issue Alert.
Scholar : Journal of Modern Stomatology, Year 2018, Issue 03 -New Issue Alert.
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Scholar : China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Year 2018, Issue 03 -New Issue Alert.
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Qualitative evaluation of hybrid layer formation using Er:YAG laser in QSP mode for tooth cavity preparations
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thickness and qualitative characteristics of the hybrid layer after two cavity preparation methods, using Er:YAG laser in QSP mode and conventional carbide burs. Additionally, two different adhesive techniques were investigated using etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems. Sixty sound human third molars were used and were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15). In the first two groups, large (4 mm length, 3 mm wide, and 3 mm deep) class I cavities were prepared using Er:YAG laser (2.94 μm) in QSP mode, while in the other two groups, the cavities were prepared using carbide burs. After cavity preparations, two different adhesive techniques with GLUMA® 2 Bond (etch-and-rinse) and Clearfil™ Universal Bond Quick (self-etch) were applied. For the qualitative evaluation of the formed hybrid layer, photomicrographs were taken using SEM, and elemental semi-quantitative analysis was performed using EDS to confirm the extent of the hybrid layer. One-way ANOVA was applied to verify the existence of statistically significant differences, followed by Tukey test for post hoc comparisons (Bonferroni corrected), and the level of significance was set at a = 0.05. The laser-treated groups exhibited higher hybrid layer thickness than bur-treated groups (p < 0.001). Between the laser-treated groups, etch-and-rinse technique presented higher hybrid layer thickness than self-etch technique (p < 0.001), while between the bur-treated groups, no significant differences were detected (p = 0.366). Er:YAG laser cavity preparations in QSP mode may be advantageous for adhesion of composite restorations, but more data are necessary to confirm its clinical effectiveness.
https://ift.tt/2J0UQOQ
What should we tell our worried patients with insomnia about blood pressure?
In this issue of Sleep Medicine Reviews, Jarrin and colleagues [1] report on a systematic review of the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between insomnia, hypertension and abnormal blood pressure (BP) levels across 64 studies comprised of 26 to 162,121 adults ages 18-100 years old. The authors' criteria allowed for the inclusion of studies with different designs (e.g., epidemiologic, case-control), comorbid conditions, and definitions of insomnia or hypertension. This systematic review is timely and very much needed, given that only one meta-analysis had been published to date on the increased risk of incident hypertension associated with any form of insomnia [2]; however, it did not allow for disentangling the critical issues discussed by previous investigators [3-5] such as the definition of insomnia, its chronicity, its objective severity, the measurement of BP and definition of hypertension, and the presence of important confounders in previous studies [e.g., sleep disordered breathing (SDB)].
https://ift.tt/2KTGAfH
The distinct role and regulatory mechanism of IL-17 and IFN-γ in the initiation and development of plaque vs guttate psoriasis
Publication date: Available online 7 July 2018
Source: Journal of Dermatological Science
Author(s): Kexiang Yan, Ling Han, Hui Deng, Xu Fang, Zhenghua Zhang, Guiqin Huang, Zhi Zhong Zheng, Qiong Huang, Jinhua Xu
Abstract
Background
Few studies have explored the differences of immunopathogenesis in plaque vs guttate psoriasis, especially on the inhibitory role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) on IL-17/ IFN-γ production and the impact of CD4+T cells on keratinocytes.
Objective
To investigate the percentage and inhibitory function of CD4+CD25highTreg and differential expressions of IL-17/ IFN-γ in plaque vs guttate psoriasis, and the effects of CD4 + T cells on the proliferation of keratinocytes.
Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were prepared from patients with the plaque and guttate psoriasis. The percentage of CD4+CD25high Tregs, IL-17/IFN-γ- producing CD4+ or CD8 + T cells, and apoptosis and cell cycle of Hacat cells were determined by flow cytometry. The level of IFN-γ in supernatants was analyzed by ELISA.
Results
The percentage of CD4+CD25highTregs in plaque psoriasis was significantly increased, and they can inhibit IFN-γ production from CD4+CD25- effector T cells. The percentage of CD8+IFN-γ+cells was also significantly increased in plaque psoriasis, and these cells positively correlated with disease severity. The percentage of CD4+CD25highTregs was decreased and CD4+IFN-γ+/IFN-γ+IL-17+ cells were predominantly increased in guttate psoriasis. CD4+T cells from guttate psoriasis induce apoptosis of keratinocytes while they promote the proliferation of keratinocytes in plaque psoriasis by decreasing late apoptosis and increasing the percentage of G1 phase.
Conclusion
There was considerable discrepancy of the phenotype and function of T cells between plaque vs guttate psoriasis. IFN-γ and IL-17 from CD4+T cells play a crucial role in guttate psoriasis, however, IFN-γ and IL-17 from CD8+T cells are more important in the immunopathogenesis of plaque psoriasis.
https://ift.tt/2uefDce
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Publication date: September 2017 Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 110 Author(s): Lucía Fernández-del-Río, Anish Nag, Elen...
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Abstract Noise pollution is a major factor of environmental complaints in many cities, which has significant impacts on human health. As a...
