NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to development of alopecia areata in C3H/HeJ mice

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to development of alopecia areata in C3H/HeJ mice Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune non-scarring hair-loss disease. Recently, several reports have suggested that innate immune systems such as interferon-α (IFN-α)-producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes play a role in the pathogenesis of AA. However critical studies about their involvement in the initiation of AA have not yet been reported. Therefore, we investigated the expression of innate immune cytokines in serum and skin, and examined the effect of a selective NLRP3 inhibitor, MCC950, on AA in C3H/HeJ mice, induced by transferring cultured skin-draining lymph node cells. IFN-α production was upregulated in lesions of AA-affected mice, and interleukin-1β in serum and skin was highly expressed before onset as well as post-onset. Furthermore, MCC950 treatment prevented AA development and promoted hair growth in AA mouse models by reducing NLRP3 signaling and Th1/Tc1 chemokines and cytokin es in the skin. These results suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to AA onset and chronicity, and NLRP3 inhibitor may be a potential therapeutic agent for AA. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Otoendoscopic characterization of middle ear masses by the aid of narrow band imaging: a preliminary report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Otoendoscopic characterization of middle ear masses by the aid of narrow band imaging: a preliminary report Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract -Narrow Band Imaging is an optical endoscopic technique used for visualising the vascularisation of the framed structures; -The application of this tool to the otoendoscopy is not yet widespread; -We have used NBI to visualize the vascular patterns of middle ear masses; -Paraganglioma showed a quite distinct appearance compared to aural polyp; We suggest that NBI should be considered in the diagnostic work-up of middle ear masses. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Evaluation of Laryngeal Vascular Changes with Image1 S Enhancement System In Reference To The European Laryngological Society Guideline

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Evaluation of Laryngeal Vascular Changes with Image1 S Enhancement System In Reference To The European Laryngological Society Guideline Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Objectives To assess the feasibility of using Image1 S™ endoscopic enhancement system for discrimination of the vascular patterns in laryngeal lesions. Design Forty patients presenting with benign, dysplastic and malignant laryngeal lesions were examined with Image1 S system. The vascular patterns were classified by a group of authors according to the European Laryngological Society (ELS) guideline, as perpendicular or longitudinal, in all lesions. The relationship between the vascular patterns and the pathological results was statistically analyzed. Endoscopic images of the lesions were evaluated through an online survey by a group of otolaryngologists with different levels of clinical expertise and asked them to choose a diagnosis and a vascular pattern. The vascular pattern evaluations of the participants were compared to the authors' evaluations to determine the inter observer reliability. The final diagnostic judgements of the participants were compared with the definitive histopathological diagnoses. Results Histopathological examination diagnosed 12 patients as benign, 12 dysplastic and 16 malignant. Using Image1 S, the vascular patterns were longitudinal in 11 lesions, perpendicular in 28 lesions and undetectable in 1 lesion. With white light, longitudinal pattern was observed in 14 lesions, perpendicular in 21 lesions and undetectable in 5 lesions. The correlation between the vascularization pattern and the pathological diagnosis was found to be significant (p < 0.001). The qualitative evaluation of the vascular patterns by the two groups of observers showed significant reliability (κ=0.63, p<0.001). The agreement with the final diagnoses were also significant (κ=0.56, p<0.001). Conclusion Image1 S endoscopic enhancement system with spectral modes provides an improved visibility of the vascular patterns defined by the ELS in laryngeal lesions. ELS classification can reliably distinguish benign lesions from suspected ones and can be applied even by less experienced clinicians but the final diagnosis needs experience and should be confirmed with histopathology. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Venous sinus stenting after repair of skull base spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks: a single-center retrospective cohort series with case-control analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Venous sinus stenting after repair of skull base spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks: a single-center retrospective cohort series with case-control analysis Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid J Neuroradiol. 2021 Jul 14:S0150-9861(21)00135-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neurad.2021.07.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is recommended after surgical repair of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks (sCSF-leaks) of the skull base for prevention of recurrence. PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility of venous sinus stenting, a treatment commonly used for the treatment of IIH associated with intracranial venous sinus stenosis (VSS), after sCSF-leaks closure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center cohort series of consecutive patients who underwent sCSF-leak closure was retrospectively analyzed. Stenting was considered either for leak recurrence or in prophylactic manner after repair in patients with VSS as confirmed by cerebral venous imaging. Leak recurrence, need for new repair or adjunctive treatment of IIH, meningitis, and stenting complications were determined at the l ast follow-up. Cases who had prophylactic stenting were compared to historical controls before stenting option. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients had intracranial venous stenting after sCSF-leak closure. Their median age was 58 years (Q1=45; Q3=68), BMI=31kg.m-2 (Q1=27; Q3=36), and female rate=85%. The overall rate of successful repair after stenting was 95% (95% CI = 87-100%) at a median follow-up of 2.4 years (Q1=1.2; Q3=3.3). Adjunctive treatment for IIH was needed in 4 patients (4/22, 18%) including 2 patients without leak recurrence. No meningitis, permanent morbidity or mortality was observed after stenting. Compared to 18 controls, cases had significantly less recurrence (P=0.03), and a trend for less adjunctive treatment for IIH (P=0.06). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that stenting might be a valid option for prevention of sCSF-leak recurrences after repair in patients with intracranial venous sinus stenosis. PMID:34273358 | DOI:10.1016/j.neurad.2021.07.002 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Head and neck osteosarcomas: An analysis of treatment trends and survival outcomes in the United States (2004–2016)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Head and neck osteosarcomas: An analysis of treatment trends and survival outcomes in the United States (2004–2016) Via Head & Neck Abstract Background Head and neck osteosarcoma (HNOS) is a rare primary bone tumor with limited data to guide treatment approaches. Methods The NCDB was used to identify patients diagnosed with HNOS. Kaplan–Meier and Cox multivariate regression were used to examine the impact of each treatment on overall survival (OS). Results We identified 821 patients diagnosed with HNOS. Utilization of neoadjuvant chemotherapy + surgery increased from zero cases in 2004 to 24% of cases in 2016. Among surgically treated patients, 5-year OS was 55.8% (CI: 51.7–60.1%). No difference was seen in OS between each treatment cohort on multivariate analysis. However, neoadjuvant chemotherapy + surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy had improved 18-month survival compared to surgery alone (95.8% vs. 78.5%, p = 0.031). Conclusions Our study demonstrated no survival benefit in perioperative chemotherapy or radiation therapy; however, short-term survival improvement in patients receiving both neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy displays promise and requires further investigation. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Rare case of anaplastic plasmacytoma in the sinonasal tract

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Rare case of anaplastic plasmacytoma in the sinonasal tract Via Head & Neck Abstract Background Extramedullary plasmacytomas are tumors that develop from plasma cells and rarely express anaplastic features. To our knowledge, there have only been three reported cases of anaplastic plasmacytomas of the sinonasal tract in the English literature. We detail the fourth case. Methods A 70-year-old male was seen with a 4-month history of nasal congestion, bloody mucous, and left sided nasal obstruction. On positron emission tomography/computed tomography, the lesion was FDG-avid with an SUVmax of 25.1. A biopsy of the lesion and subsequent immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis of an anaplastic plasmacytoma. Results The patient is undergoing a 5-week course of curative-intent radiation therapy. Conclusion Extramedullary plasmacytomas with anaplastic features are very rare. We highlight the value of thorough histopathological review and detailed immunostains to arrive at a diagnosis of anaplastic extramedullary plasmacytoma. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Study of Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Study of Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Chronic inflammatory disorders of the upper airways are extremely prevalent and they have a major impact on public health.To assess the change in pulmonary function tests in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery pre operatively and post operatively.To evaluate the difference in mean of FEV1, FEV1%, FVC, FVC%, FEV1/FVC in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery.Prospective observational study.From July 2019 to September 2020 in Department of ENT and Head & Neck surgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur.There was a significant improvement in the mean FEV1, FEV1%, FVC, and FVC% values post-surgically (p < 0.05). In our study, there was also a significant improvement in the FEV1/FVC value at one month postoperatively, reflecting the effect of FESS on relieving the symptomatic lower airway obstruction.Our study concludes that following Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surge ry there is significant improvement in pulmonary function tests reflecting the improvement of asymptomatic lower airway disease in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Study of Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Study of Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Chronic inflammatory disorders of the upper airways are extremely prevalent and they have a major impact on public health.To assess the change in pulmonary function tests in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery pre operatively and post operatively.To evaluate the difference in mean of FEV1, FEV1%, FVC, FVC%, FEV1/FVC in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery.Prospective observational study.From July 2019 to September 2020 in Department of ENT and Head & Neck surgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur.There was a significant improvement in the mean FEV1, FEV1%, FVC, and FVC% values post-surgically (p < 0.05). In our study, there was also a significant improvement in the FEV1/FVC value at one month postoperatively, reflecting the effect of FESS on relieving the symptomatic lower airway obstruction.Our study concludes that following Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surge ry there is significant improvement in pulmonary function tests reflecting the improvement of asymptomatic lower airway disease in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions in Patients With Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Infection: A Change in the Trend

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions in Patients With Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Infection: A Change in the Trend Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract To study the presence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection in our set up. Longitudinal study, 1st March 2020-15th August 2020, at a tertiary care hospital. RT PCR positive for SARSCoV-2 patients, above 18 years age included. Excluding patients with previous history of changes in smell or taste sensation, severely ill at the time of admission, history of taking drugs at the time of COVID 19 infection that affect the smell or taste sensation. 435 patients included after obtaining an institutional ethical clearance. After an informed consent, these patients were followed up telephonically, to record any subjective improvement in olfactory or gustatory symptoms and an approximate duration of recovery. Olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction 10.8% (47/435). Mean (SD) age—34.53(10.8) years. Females affected significantly more [X2 (1, N = 435) = 7.45, p value is 0.006, significan t at p < 0.05]. Olfactory dysfunction significantly associated with gustatory dysfunction [X2 (1, n = 435) = 182.29, p < 0.00001]. 19.8% (N = 435) of individuals remained asymptomatic. Nasal symptoms rare (4%, N = 47). Mean (SD) recovery olfactory and gustatory dysfunction 12.1 (7.7) and10.8 (6.3) days respectively. Subjective loss of smell or taste dysfunction was far less common. Women and younger population reported olfactory or gustatory dysfunction commonly. Olfactory and gustatory changes without nasal symptoms, suspicion of COVID-19 infection is relevant. Recovery is complete and early. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Rapid Response Preparedness for Management of Post-Covid Invasive Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Fungal Infections: Experience from a Tertiary Care Government Institute in India

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Rapid Response Preparedness for Management of Post-Covid Invasive Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Fungal Infections: Experience from a Tertiary Care Government Institute in India Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Sudden surge of Post Covid-19 Rhino-orbito-mucormycosis cases has left entire ENT fraternity in the center of a war room. We present a quick administrative preparedness for this situation in a tertiary care Government Institute in India. This model may serve as a reference for other centers. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effect of autoflation on the prognosis of otitis media with effusion in children

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of autoflation on the prognosis of otitis media with effusion in children Via Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Jun 7;56(6):573-578. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20210324-00144. ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of autoinflation on the prognosis of OME in children. Methods: Total of 325 pediatric patients, age ranged from 3 to 8 years, with OME(486 ears)diagnosed in our department from January 2019 to January 2020 were collected. Among them, 177 were males, 148 were females. Disease course ranged from 25 to 86 days. According to watchful waiting and autoinflation application during follow-up, these children were divided into two groups including 183 cases(271 ears) and 142 cases(215 ears), respectively. The average auditory threshold and tympanogram curve type in two groups were analyzed in the period of 3 months follow-up, and the recovery of OME was evaluated. Results: At the end of 1- and 2- month follow-up, the auditory threshold of patients in autoinflation group was significantly lower than that in watchful waiting group (t=2.139 5 and 2.680 6, P<0.05). However, at the end of 3- month follow-up, there was no significant difference between two groups (t=1.158 5, P>0.05). At the end of 1-, 2- and 3- month follow-up, 89 (33%, 89/271), 200 (74%, 200/271), 220 (81%, 220/271) and 176 (82%, 176/215), 178 (83%, 178/215), 183 (85%, 183/215) ears in watchful waiting group and autoinflation group had a hearing threshold <20 dB HL, respectively, in which ears with auditory threshold<20 dB HL in watchful waiting group were significantly less than those in autoinflation group at the end of 1 and 2 month follow-up (P<0.05), However, ears with auditory threshold<20 dB HL in watchful waiting group were not significantly different from that in the autoflation group at the end of 3- month follow-up (P>0.05). The proportion of ears with type A tympanogram curve was 74%(159/215), 79%(170/215), and 85%(183/215) at the end of 1-, 2- and 3- month follow-up in autoinflation group and 36%(98/271), 71%(192/271) and 76%(206/271) in watchful waiting group, respectively. Proportion of ears with type A tympanogram curve in autoflation group was significantly higher than that in watchful waiting group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Autoinflation can improve the hearing of children with OME in early stage, restore normal middle ear pressure, increase recovery rate, and reduce the choice of surgical treatment of OME. PMID:34256480 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20210324-00144 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Lower trapezius myocutaneous flap with latissimus dorsi for repairing parietal and occipital defect after cancer surgery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Lower trapezius myocutaneous flap with latissimus dorsi for repairing parietal and occipital defect after cancer surgery Via Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Jun 7;56(6):648-651. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201018-00814. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the functional outcomes of repairing parietal and occipital defect after surgery for cancer by lower trapezius myocutaneous flap with latissimus dorsi. Methods: Retrospective analyses of eight patients were performed who underwent repairing parietal and occipital defects with dural exposure after surgeries for cancers from January 2015 to January 2020 in Tianjin Institute of Occupational Disease Control and Prevention (Tianjin Workers Hospital) and the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, including 6 males and 2 females aged from 26 to 68 years old. The method for harvesting the lower trapezius myocutaneous flap was improved and thus the lower trapezius myocutaneous flaps with latissimus dorsi were used for repairing the parietal and occipital defects. The area of m yocutaneous flap depended on the size of defect. Results: The defects were repaired with the flaps with areas ranging from 12 cm×8 cm to 17 cm×15 cm. Seven flaps survived after surgery and the wounds were healed. Blisters and bruise were observed at the distal end of one flap 2 days after operation, which were cured with dressing change for 10 days. All cases were followed-up for six months, with normal functions of the shoulder joints, aside from mild hypertrophic scar in donor site on the back. Conclusion: It is feasible to use the lower trapezius myocutaneous flap with latissimus dorsi to repair the parietal and occipital defect after surgery for cancer, and the clinical effect is satisfactory. PMID:34256491 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201018-00814 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.