An examination of risk factors that moderate the body dissatisfaction-eating pathology relationship among New Zealand adolescent girls

Abstract

Background

Eating disorders (EDs) and their subclinical variants are important health concerns for adolescent girls, and body dissatisfaction is a more common yet often debilitating experience that typically precedes the development of an ED. Despite this fact, little is known about what makes girls who are dissatisfied with their bodies more likely to engage in pathological eating behaviors. The present study explored eating pathology among a sample of adolescent girls from New Zealand and examined a variety of established risk factors that may moderate the relationship between body dissatisfaction (BD) and eating pathology.

Methods

Adolescent girls aged between 14 and 18 (N = 231) completed questionnaires assessing eating pathology, BD, negative affect, perfectionism, self-esteem, teasing and sociocultural pressure. Regression analyses tested for moderator effects to examine which variables moderated the relationship between BD and eating pathology.

Results

The analyses indicated that high levels of socially prescribed and self-oriented perfectionism, negative affect, perceived pressure from the media, and low levels of self-esteem all strengthened the relationship between BD and eating pathology.

Conclusions

The results highlight potential factors that may make adolescent girls who are dissatisfied with their bodies more susceptible to eating pathology.

https://ift.tt/2BgrUBL

Can Thyroid Screening During Pregnancy Protect Your Baby?

From: Healthline Media
Health News
Can Thyroid Screening During Pregnancy Protect Your Baby?
Experts have been debating the benefits of universal thyroid testing in pregnant women.

 

 

The post Can Thyroid Screening During Pregnancy Protect Your Baby? appeared first on American Thyroid Association.

https://ift.tt/2RYVy3W

Three novel mutations of the ATP2A2 gene in Chinese patients with Darier disease

https://ift.tt/2Q3iphy

Occipital Hairline: A forgotten area

Summary

Hair restoration surgery is one of the fascinating fields of modern day cosmetic surgery. A good hair transplant is characterized by a naturalness in terms of strategic distribution of hair. A very important point which is very rarely taken care is the "posterior or occipital" hairline. It is formed by the posterior 1 cm of hair which are placed on the vertex or crown and constitute the part which is normally hidden by the long hair. Many surgeons while creating the slits in the recipient area forget this equally important point. And make the slits in the lines. As the care is taken while creating the slits in the anterior hairline, the same enthusiasm is required throughout the procedure especially the posterior part of the recipient area. The slits in the posterior hairline should also be created in a wavy, irregularly irregular fashion. The posterior hairline forms an important part of a hair restoration surgery. It contributes remarkably toward the overall naturalness of the results. A carefully executed posterior hairline reduces the chances of detection by the general public

https://ift.tt/2DM7hQe

Association of antinuclear antibody status with clinical features and malignancy risk in adult-onset dermatomyositis

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Paul M. Hoesly, Jason C. Sluzevich, Anokhi Jambusaria-Pahlajani, Elizabeth R. Lesser, Michael G. Heckman, Andy Abril

Abstract

Background

The clinical significance of antinuclear antibody (ANA) status in adults with dermatomyositis (DM) has yet to be fully defined.

Objective

We compared the incidence of amyopathic disease, risk of malignancy, and clinical findings in ANA-positive and ANA-negative patients with adult-onset DM.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with ANA-positive or ANA-negative adult-onset DM determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Of 231 patients, 140 (61%) were ANA-positive and 91 (39%) were ANA-negative. Compared to ANA-negative patients, ANA-positive patients had a lower frequency of dysphagia (15% vs 26%, P=0.033) and heliotrope rash (38% vs 53%, P=0.026). Fifty-four patients (23%) developed malignancy within 3 years of DM diagnosis. Eleven percent of ANA-positive patients developed malignancy versus 43% of ANA-negative patients (P<0.001). There was a strong association between ANA positivity and lower likelihood of malignancy in multivariable analysis (OR: 0.16, P<0.001). Conversely, ANA positivity was not associated with amyopathic disease (OR: 0.94, P=0.87).

Limitations

The retrospective nature of the study was a limitation.

Conclusion

In patients with adult-onset DM, negative ANA is associated with increased likelihood of developing malignancy within three years of DM diagnosis. Particularly close follow-up and frequent malignancy screening may be warranted in ANA-negative individuals with DM.

https://ift.tt/2zaBiWb

Nipple and areola lesions: dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy features

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Elisa Cinotti, Danila Galluccio, Marco Ardigò, Salvador Gonzalez, Ausila Maria Manganoni, Marina Venturini, Paolo Broganelli, Simone Ribero, Francesca Farnetani, Victor Desmond Mandel, Giovanni Pellacani, Linda Tognetti, Francesco Lacarrubba, Pascale Guitera, Ignazio Stanganelli, Iris Zalaudek, Edith Johanna Arzberger, Philippe Bahadoran, Caterina Longo, Giuseppe Spataro

https://ift.tt/2OMmGBi

Use of a cotton tip applicator for epidermal closures in dermatologic surgery, a video walkthrough

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Brett C. Neill, Isadore S. Tarantino, Anand Rajpara, Thomas L.H. Hocker

https://ift.tt/2zeI9Oo

Acne Vulgaris in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Astrid-Helene Ravn Jørgensen, Hans Christian Ring, Simon Francis Thomsen

https://ift.tt/2OSaeQF

December iotaderma (#298)

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Robert I. Rudolph

https://ift.tt/2zeI6Cc

Comparative effectiveness of treatment of actinic keratosis with topical fluorouracil and imiquimod in the prevention of keratinocyte carcinoma: a cohort study

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Romain Neugebauer, Katherine A. Su, Zheng Zhu, Monica Sokil, Mary-Margaret Chren, Gary D. Friedman, Maryam M. Asgari

Abstract

Background

The effectiveness of 5-fluorouracil compared to imiquimod for preventing keratinocyte carcinoma is unknown.

Objective

To compare the effectiveness of 5-fluorouracil and imiquimod in preventing keratinocyte carcinoma in a real-world practice setting.

Methods

We identified 5,700 subjects who filled prescriptions for 5-fluorouracil or imiquimod for actinic keratosis treatment in 2007. An intention-to-treat analysis controlling for potential confounding variables was used to calculate 2- and 5-year cumulative risk differences for subsequent keratinocyte carcinoma overall and in field-treated areas.

Results

5-fluorouracil was associated with a statistically significant decreased risk of any keratinocyte carcinoma compared to imiquimod (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.86, 95% CI 0.76-0.97), but there were no significant differences in risk by tumor subtype (squamous cell carcinoma aHR 0.89, 95% CI 0.74-1.07; basal cell carcinoma aHR 0.87, 95% CI 0.74-1.03), or site-specific keratinocyte carcinoma (aHR 0.96, 95% CI 0.81-1.14). There were no significant differences in 2- or 5-year cumulative risk for keratinocyte carcinoma among those treated with 5-fluorouracil versus imiquimod.

Limitations

Generalizability to other practice settings may be limited.

Conclusions

Whereas 5-fluorouracil was more effective in reducing keratinocyte carcinoma risk overall, we found no differences in the short- or long-term risk of subsequent site-specific keratinocyte carcinoma in a real-world practice setting.

https://ift.tt/2OS0dmm

Iotaderma #299

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Robert I. Rudolph

https://ift.tt/2zeHYCI

Melanomas of the head and neck have high local recurrence risk features and require tissue rearranging reconstruction more commonly than BCC and SCC: A comparison of indications for microscopic margin control prior to reconstruction in 13,664 tumors

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): William Fix, Jeremy R. Etzkorn, Thuzar M. Shin, Nicole Howe, Mehul Bhatt, Joseph F. Sobanko, Christopher J. Miller

Abstract

Background

Consensus guidelines recommend microscopic margin control based on high local recurrence risk features and tissue-rearranging reconstruction for keratinocyte carcinomas (KC) but not for cutaneous melanoma.

Objective

To compare high local recurrence risk features and frequency of tissue-rearranging reconstruction for head and neck KC versus melanoma.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study of KC versus melanoma treated at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).

Results

12,189 KCs (8,743 BCC, 3,343 SCC) and 1,475 melanomas (1065 melanomas in situ, 410 invasive melanomas) were identified from a prospectively updated MMS database. Compared to KCs, melanomas were significantly more likely to have high local recurrence risk features, including larger preoperative size [2.10 cm vs 1.30 cm, (p <0.0001)], recurrent status [5.08% vs 3.91%, (p = 0.031)], and subclinical spread [31.73% vs 26.52%, (p <0.0001)]. Tissue rearranging reconstruction was significantly more common for melanoma versus KCs [44.68% vs 33.02%, (p < 0.0001); OR 1.98 (p<0.0001)].

Limitations

This was a retrospective study and did not compare outcomes to other treatment methods, such as "slow-Mohs" or conventional excision.

Conclusion

Melanomas of the head and neck have high local recurrence risk features and require tissue rearranging reconstruction more frequently than KCs.

https://ift.tt/2OQ8Y0d

Overall and Subgroup Prevalence of Acne Vulgaris Among Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Sara Wertenteil, Andrew Strunk, Amit Garg

https://ift.tt/2zf6Jib

Vulvar Paget disease: a national retrospective cohort study

Publication date: Available online 17 November 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Michelle van der Linden, Maaike H.M. Oonk, Helena C. van Doorn, Johan Bulten, Eleonora B.L. van Dorst, Guus Fons, Christianne A.R. Lok, Mariëtte I.E. van Poelgeest, Brigitte M.F. Slangen, Leon F.A.G. Massuger, Joanne A. de Hullu

Abstract

Background

Vulvar Paget disease (VPD) is a rare skin disorder, considered premalignant.

Objective

To assess the clinical course, treatment schedules and the effect of invasion and treatment on recurrence and survival in patients with VPD.

Methods

Data on women with VPD were retrieved from the medical files and pathology reports in all Dutch tertiary university medical centres. Disease free survival (DFS) and 5-year disease specific survival (DSS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves.

Results

Data of 113 patients diagnosed between 1991 and 2016 were analysed. Seventy-seven percent had non-invasive VPD. Most women underwent surgery (65%). Recurrences were reported in 40%. Of women with non-invasive VPD 8% developed invasion. There were no disease specific deaths reported in women with non-invasive VPD. The 5 year DSS was over 98% in non-invasive and micro-invasive VPD, but significantly worse in invasive VPD: 50% (p<0.0005).

Limitations

The main limitations of this study are its retrospective character and that original pathology samples were not available for reassessment.

Conclusions

VPD is extremely rare and recurrence rates are high. Most patients have non-invasive VPD, which does not affect survival and should be considered a chronic disorder with a limited invasive potential. In case of invasive disease survival decreases significantly.

https://ift.tt/2OS72Em

Scholar : These new articles for Environmental Claims Journal are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Environmental Claims Journal and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Articles Levels of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene near a Traffic-Congested Area of East Delhi Anchal Garg, N. C. Gupta & S. K. Tyagi Pages: 1-11 | DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1525025 Hoping to have your article read by anyone, anywhere and at any time? Find out more about publishing open access with Ecosystem Health and Sustainability. To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. Unsubscribe from new content alerts for this journal (both new issue and latest article notifications) with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Menopause is associated with decreased postprandial ghrelin, while a history of anorexia nervosa is associated with increased total ghrelin

Abstract

Introduction

Middle age has been linked with various dysfunctional eating patterns in women. The hormone ghrelin is related to food intake, with plasma levels rising before eating and decreasing immediately afterwards. Animal research has shown that estradiol is an antagonist of ghrelin. Given that both menopause and anorexia nervosa (AN) are states characterised by reduced estradiol, the goal of the present study was to investigate for the first time whether menopausal status and a history of AN are linked with altered ghrelin levels in middle‐aged women. Based on previous research, we hypothesised that a) post‐menopausal women would demonstrate comparably increased ghrelin after food intake and b) women with a history of AN would exhibit increased total ghrelin levels.

Methods

Healthy, middle‐aged women (N=57) were recruited. N=31 were post‐menopausal and n=27 had a history of AN. Plasma was repeatedly collected before and after a meal standardised in terms of caloric content. Areas under the curves were calculated to indicate total (AUCg) and postprandial ghrelin (AUCi).

Results

Menopausal status was linked with postprandial ghrelin (AUCi ‐1.6±2.2 vs. ‐2.9±2.6; p=.058), while a history of AN was linked with total ghrelin (AUCg 36.2±5.6 vs. 39.0±3.7; p=.050). There were no interaction effects (both p>.466). A closer examination of the effects revealed that post‐menopausal women showed marginally greater decreases in ghrelin immediately after food intake (p=.064) and marginally greater re‐increases after 60 min (p=.084) when compared to pre‐menopausal women. Women with a history of AN had significantly higher total ghrelin when compared to women without a history of AN (p=.042).

Discussion

Post‐menopause was linked with higher sensitivity of ghrelin to food intake (trend), while a history of AN was related to greater total ghrelin. Future research should investigate to what extent the observed alterations in ghrelin may affect dysfunctional eating behaviour during middle age.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

https://ift.tt/2RUgWHq

Possible hints and pitfalls in diagnosing Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print


https://ift.tt/2PxoN17

Dysregulated glucose homeostasis in congenital central hypoventilation syndrome

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print


https://ift.tt/2QWlIV6

Targeted next generation sequencing in patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print


https://ift.tt/2PCzmA0

Cryosurgery combined with topical interventions for actinic keratosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Summary

Background

Actinic keratoses (AK) are early in situ carcinomas of the skin due to cumulative sun exposure. Cryosurgery is an easy and practicable lesion‐directed approach for isolated lesions.

Objectives

To investigate if an upfront combination of cryosurgery with a topical intervention is superior to cryosurgery alone for AK.

Methods

We performed a systematic literature research in Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL and hand‐searched pertinent trial registers for eligible randomized controlled trials until 17 July 2018. Results from individual studies were pooled using a random‐effects model. The risk of bias was estimated with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the quality of evidence of the outcomes with the GRADE approach.

Results

Out of 1,758 records initially identified, 9 studies with a sample size of 1,644 patients were included. Cryosurgery in combination with a topical approach showed significantly higher participant complete clearance rates compared to monotherapy (RR 1·74, 95% CI 1·25‐2·43, I²=73%, 8 studies. The participant partial clearance rate was not statistically different (RR 1·64, 95% CI 0·88‐3·03, I²=77%, 3 studies). The number of patients who completed the study protocol and did not withdraw due to adverse events was equal in both groups (RR 0·98, 95% CI 0·95‐1·01, I²=75%, 7 studies). The studies were estimated at high risk for selective reporting bias.

Conclusions

Our results suggest superiority of a combination regimen regarding AK clearance with equal tolerability. This study highlights the importance of a field‐directed approach in patients with multiple AK or field‐cancerization.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

https://ift.tt/2DqMvos