Approaches to minimize tooth staining associated with silver diamine fluoride: A systematic review

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Approaches to minimize tooth staining associated with silver diamine fluoride: A systematic review via Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry Abstract Objective To the effectiveness of different strategies to overcome silver diamine fluoride (SDF)-mediated tooth staining. Materials and Methods Four online databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched using different MeSH terms and Boolean Operators to retrieve the articles (until June 2021), followed by a hand-search of the reference list of the included articles. All full-text, original studies in English that evaluated SDF staining and at least one SDF modification/alternative were included. Results Among the assessed studies, nine studies explored the stain-minimization effect of potassium iodide (KI) post-application following SDF treatment. Among these, eight concluded that KI application after SDF treatment significantly reduced tooth staining, while one showed marginal staining following glass ionomer restoration of the SDF-treated dentine. Additionally, one study applied potassium fluoride (KF) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) concurrently to mitigate SDF-mediated staining. One study compared SDF staining with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated nanoparticles containing sodium fluoride (NaF), and another used nanosilver fluoride (NSF) for staining comparison with SDF. Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, the addition of different materials to SDF has proven to be a beneficial strategy for overcoming tooth staining associated with SDF. Future studies are warranted, particularly clinical trials, to validate these findings. Clinical Significance SDF-mediated tooth staining is a serious concern that limits its clinical use. A review of various strategies to overcome this problem will help clinicians enhance its clinical use and patient acceptance. View on Web

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Oncologic Outcomes After Clinically Node-Negative Salvage Laryngectomy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Oncologic Outcomes After Clinically Node-Negative Salvage Laryngectomy via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Current Issue This cohort study investigates the association of electiv e neck dissection vs observation with oncologic outcomes among patients who received clinically node-negative salvage total laryngectomy. View on Web

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Somatic genomic imbalances in ‘tumour-free’ surgical margins of oral cancer

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Somatic genomic imbalances in 'tumour-free' surgical margins of oral cancer via International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery via MedWorm.com Up to 30% of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients develop local recurrence and distant metastasis. The molecular status of histologically cancer-free tumour margins could be a critical factor in predicting tumour behaviour. The aim of this study was to detect somatic genomic imbalances in OSCC with emphasis on the surgical margins. DNA was isolated from tumour tissues, margin tissues, and blood samples (used as control) obtained from 11 OSCC patients, and genome-wide array comparative genomic hybridization was performed. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery) View on Web

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Cariogenic Diet Consumption

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Cariogenic Diet Consumption during Lockdown via Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Abstract Background During stressful situations such as pandemic-associated lockdowns, individuals' diets may change towards (cariogenic) "comfort food". This study assessed the dietary patterns in lockdown in Colombia population. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was designed. A convenience sample 489 adults was drawn, with 50% of them being in COVID-19 lockdown and the other being not or only partially in lockdown. The questionnaire collected data about the type and frequency of food consumed, with a special focus on cariogenic (i.e. rich in free sugars and starches) food. Descriptive analyses were performed, and a Generalized Linear Model was estimated to predict the frequency of cariogenic diet consumption in this period of time. Results Sweet whole wheat bread (38.2%, P= 0.005), flavored milk (26.4%, P= 0.002), sugar-sweetened bubble gums (39.8%, P= 0.001), toffees (35.4%, P= 0.004), soft candies (e. g. gums, etc.) (35.4%, P= 0.018), chocolates (55.3%, P= 0.017) filled donuts (28.5%, P= 0.013) or grapes (51.2%, P= 0.002), among others were significantly more consumed in lockdown. Multivariable generalized linear modeling showed being single, having children and being in lockdown were significantly associated with higher frequency of cariogenic food consumption. Conclusions Lockdown was found to be associated with detrimentally altered food consumption patterns and, specifically, a more cariogenic diet. Healthcare professionals should consider this when re-opening services and political decision-makers may want to reflect on unwarranted side effect of lockdown. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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A comprehensive evaluation of an animal model for Helicobacter pylori‐associated stomach cancer: Fact and controversy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A comprehensive evaluation of an animal model for Helicobacter pylori‐associated stomach cancer: Fact and controversy via Helicobacter Abstract Even though Helicobacter pylori infection was the most causative factor of gastric cancer, numerous in vivo studies failed to induce gastric cancer using H. pylori infection only. The utilization of established animal studies in cancer research is crucial as they aim to investigate the coincidental association between suspected oncogenes and pathogenesis as well as generate models for the development and testing of potential treatments. The methods to establish gastric cancer using infected animal models remain limited, diverse in methods, and showed different results. This study investigates the differences in animal models, which highlight different pathological results in gaster by literature research. Electronic databases searched were performed in PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane, without a period filter. A total of 135 articles were used in this study after a full-text assessment was conducted. The most frequent animal models used for gastric ca ncer were Mice, while Mongolian gerbils and Transgenic mice were the most susceptible model for gastric cancer associated with H. pylori infection. Additionally, transgenic mice showed that the susceptibility to gastric cancer progression was due to genetic and epigenetic factors. These studies showed that in Mongolian gerbil models, H. pylori could function as a single agent to trigger stomach cancer. However, most gastric cancer susceptibilities were not solely relying on H. pylori infection, and numerous factors are involved in cancer progression. Further study using Mongolian gerbils and Transgenic mice is crucial to conduct and establish the best models for gastric cancer associated H. pylori. View on Web

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Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteremia increases the permeability of the blood-brain barrier via the Mfsd2a/Caveolin-1 mediated transcytosis pathway

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> bacteremia increases the permeability of the blood-brain barrier via the Mfsd2a/Caveolin-1 mediated transcytosis pathway via International Journal of Oral Science - Issue International Journal of Oral Science, Published online: 12 January 2023; doi:10.1038/s41368-022-00215-y Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteremia increases the permeability of the blood-brain barrier via the Mfsd2a/Caveolin-1 mediated transcytosis pathway View on Web

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Automated Detection of GlotticLaryngeal Carcinomain Laryngoscopic Images from a Multicenter Databaseusing a Convolutional Neural Network

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Automated Detection of GlotticLaryngeal Carcinomain Laryngoscopic Images from a Multicenter Databaseusing a Convolutional Neural Network via Clinical Otolaryngology ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Little is known about the efficacy of using artificial intelligence to identify laryngeal carcinoma from images of vocal lesions taken in different hospitals with multiple laryngoscope systems. This multicenter study aimed to establish an artificial intelligence system and provide a reliable auxiliary tool to screen for laryngeal carcinoma. Study Design Multicenter case-control study Setting Six tertiary care centers Participants Laryngoscopy images were collected from 2179 patients with vocal fold lesions. Outcome Measures An automatic detection system of laryngeal carcinoma was established and used to distinguish malignant and benign vocal lesions in 2179 laryngoscopy images acquired from 6 hospitals with 5 types of laryngoscopy systems. Pathological examination was the gold standard for identifying malignant and benign vocal lesions. Results Out of 89 cases in the malignant group, the classifier was able to correctly identify laryngeal carcinoma in 66 patients (74.16%, sensitivity). Out of 640 cases in the benign group, the classifier was able to accurately assess the laryngeal lesion in 503 cases (78.59%, specificity). Furthermore, the region-based convolutional neural network(R-CNN) classifier achieved an overall accuracy of 78.05%, with a 95.63% negative predictive and a 32.51% positive predictive value for the testing dataset. Conclusion This automatic diagnostic system has the potential to assist clinical laryngeal carcinoma diagnosis which may improve and standardize the diagnostic capacity of laryngologists using different laryngoscopes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Overall and abdominal obesity and risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Overall and abdominal obesity and risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Korean adults: a pooled analysis of three population-based prospective cohorts via International Journal of Epidemiology - Advance Access Abstract Background Studies found a J-shaped association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality. However, it is unclear whether the association is driven by biases, particularly confounding by fat-free mass. Methods We conducted an individual-level pooled analysis of three cohorts of Korean adults (aged ≥ 40 years; n = 153 248). Mortality was followed up through December 2019. Anthropometric data were directly measured at baseline. Fat and fat-free mass were predicted using validated prediction models. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated the associations of BMI and waist circumference (WC) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. To account for biases, we excluded participants aged ≥ 70 years, deaths that occurred within 5 years of follow-up and ever smokers, and adjusted for fat-free mass index (FFMI). Results During the follow-up of up to 18 years, 6061 deaths were identified. We observed J-shaped association of BMI (nadir at 22–26) and monotonically positive association of WC with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality among Korean adults without a history of cancer or cardiovascular disease. In the BMI analysis, excluding ever smokers and adjusting for FFMI attenuated the excess mortality in underweight participants and transformed the J-shaped association into a monotonically positive shape, suggesting an increased mortality at BMI > 22.0. Excluding participants aged ≥ 70 years and deaths that occurred within 5 years of follow-up did not change the results. In the WC analysis, the monotonic positive associations did not change after the control. Similar results were observed among participants with a history of cancer or cardiovascular disease. Conclusions Our data suggest that both overall and abdominal body fat are associated with increased mortality in Korean adults. View on Web

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Effect of sintering on the translucency of CAD‐CAM lithium disilicate restorations: a comparative in vitro study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of sintering on the translucency of CAD‐CAM lithium disilicate restorations: a comparative in vitro study via Journal of Prosthodontics Abstract Purpose The available independent data on the translucency of novel pre and fully sintered chair-side computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) lithium disilicate are limited. This comparative in vitro study evaluated the translucency degree of pre and fully sintered chairside CAD-CAM lithium disilicate crowns after optional, required, and additional firing processes. Materials and Methods One hundred and five maxillary left central incisor crowns manufactured by three different CAD-CAM lithium disilicate brands shade A1 were assigned into 7 groups as follows (n = 15): (1) n!ce Straumann without sintering; (2) n!ce Straumann with one additional sintering process; (3) n!ce Straumann with two additional sintering processes; (4) Amber Mill with one sintering process; (5) Amber Mill with two sintering processes; (6) IPS e.max CAD with one sintering process; (7) IPS e.max CAD with two sintering processes. The translucency of all crowns was evaluated with a color imaging spectrophotometer. All statistical analyses were performed using statistical software. A standard level of significance was set at α < 0.05. Results All the milled crowns presented different degrees of translucency, and additional sintering processes altered it. IPS E.max CAD with two (4.33 ± 0.26) and one (4.01 ± 0.15) sintering processes displayed the highest translucency, whereas n!ce Straumann with no sintering process provided the lowest value (2.82 ± 0.16). Conclusions The translucency of chairside lithium disilicate single-unit full-coverage restorations manufactured with subtractive technology was significantly influenced by the brand and the number of sintering processes. The traditional presintered IPS e.max CAD and the fully crystallized glass-ceramic n!ce Straumann considerably increased the translucency after one additional firing process, whereas Amber Mill decreased its translucency. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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Drug‐induced radiation recall reactions and non‐anticancer drugs: A descriptive analysis from VigiBase®

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Drug‐induced radiation recall reactions and non‐anticancer drugs: A descriptive analysis from VigiBase® via Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology Abstract Background Radiation recall reactions are inflammatory reactions confined to previously irradiated tissues, often of drug-induced etiology, particularly with anticancer therapies. Other drugs, in particular COVID-19 vaccines, may also be involved. Objective To describe radiation recall reactions under non-anticancer drugs more precisely. Material and method We extracted the cases of radiation recall reactions associated with non-anticancer drugs from WHO pharmacovigilance database VigiBase®. We performed two analyses from this extraction: a global analysis and an analysis focusing on vaccination-related issues. Results We extracted 120 cases corresponding to 269 drugs, of which 130 were non-anticancer (22 vaccines). Among the non-anticancer drugs, tozinameran was the most reported treatment (4.46% of cases), followed by levofloxacin (2.97%) and folinic acid (2.60%), dexamethasone (2.23), ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine and prednisone (1.86% each). Among vaccines, tozinameran (54.55% of cases) was the most reported, followed by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (22.73%), HPV & inactivated influenza vaccine (9.09% each), and elasomeran (4.55%). Conclusion Our study first describes the occurrence of radiation recall reactions during non-anticancer treatment. It also highlights a potential safety signal with COVID-19 vaccines. View on Web

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