Hyperfractionated accelerated reirradiation for rectal cancer: An analysis of outcomes and toxicity

Publication date: Available online 3 January 2017
Source:Radiotherapy and Oncology
Author(s): Randa Tao, Chiaojung Jillian Tsai, Garrett Jensen, Cathy Eng, Scott Kopetz, Michael J. Overman, John M. Skibber, Miguel Rodriguez-Bigas, George J. Chang, Yi-Qian Nancy You, Brian K. Bednarski, Bruce D. Minsky, Marc E. Delclos, Eugene Koay, Sunil Krishnan, Christopher H. Crane, Prajnan Das
Background and purposeTo evaluate outcomes and toxicity in patients treated with hyperfractionated pelvic reirradiation for recurrent rectal cancer.Materials and methods102 patients with recurrent rectal adenocarcinoma were treated with pelvic reirradiation with a hyperfractionated accelerated approach, consisting of 1.5Gy twice daily fractions to a total dose of 30–45Gy (median 39Gy), with the most common total dose 39Gy (n=90, 88%). The median dose of prior pelvic radiation therapy (RT) was 50.4Gy (range: 25–63Gy).ResultsThe median follow-up was 40months for living patients (range, 3–150months). The 3-year freedom from local progression (FFLP) rate was 40% and the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was 39%. Treatment with surgery was significantly associated with improved FFLP and OS, with 3-year FFLP rate of 49% vs. 30% (P=0.013), and 3-year OS rate of 62% vs. 20% (P<0.0001), compared to those without surgery. The actuarial 3-year rate of grade 3–4 late toxicity was 34%; patients who underwent surgery had a significantly higher rate of grade 3–4 late toxicity compared to those without surgery (54% vs. 16%, P=0.001).ConclusionsThis large, retrospective, single-institution study shows that hyperfractionated accelerated reirradiation was well tolerated. The rate of FFLP was promising, given that the study comprised heavily pre-treated patients with recurrences. Rates of FFLP and OS were particularly impressive in patients who underwent both reirradiation and surgery.



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