Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) encompasses a heterogeneous group of diseases that includes both syndromic and nonsyndromic associated tumours. The syndromic group is characterized by a preponderance of nonthyroidal tumours and is associated with Mendelian cancer syndromes. Nonsyndromic groups, which account for 95% of the cases, are characterized by a significantly increased rate of benign or malignant thyroid tumours of follicular-cell origin in the same family and are not associated with other Mendelian cancer syndromes.
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