Theory and context: putting the science into improvement

<span class="paragraphSection">Quality Improvement has been around in healthcare for decades. However, the phrase "improvement science" is somewhat newer. In their Lancet Editorial in 2013, Marshall, Pronovost and Dixon-Woods proposed that Improvement Science was in Kuhn's <a href="#aew469-B1" class="reflinks">¹</a> previously described "pre-paradigm phase of the emergence of a new discipline, one of the characteristics of which is the absence of an agreed definition."<a href="#aew469-B2" class="reflinks">²</a> Four yr on, the phrase "Improvement Science" is sometimes used interchangeably with quality improvement (QI). Are they the same thing? What is the point of drawing a distinction?</span>

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