Pregnancy in Women with Non-Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Time to Conceive and Outcome

Summary

Objective

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH) is common among Ashkenazi Jews (1:400). It is associated with various degrees of postnatal virilization, irregular menses and infertility. Therapy of symptomatic subjects consists of physiologic doses of glucocorticoids. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of glucocorticoid treatment on fertility and on pregnancy outcome in women with NCAH.

Design, Setting and Patients

This retrospective study included 75 women diagnosed with NCAH who were followed in our clinic and sought fertility between 2008 and 2015.

Results

Seventy-two women succeeded in conceiving (187 pregnancies). Time to conception was 4.0±7 months without and 3.3±3 months with glucocorticoid therapy (P=0.43). Seventeen pregnancies were achieved by glucocorticoid therapy after failure to conceive spontaneously. Time to conception before therapy initiation was 10.2±11.4 months compared to 3.3 ± 3.4 months after therapy initiation (P=0.02). Out of 187 pregnancies, 135 (72%) resulted in live births, 38 (20.3%) ended in spontaneous miscarriages during the first trimester, 7 (3.7%) were electively terminated, 3 (1.6%) were ectopic, and 4 (2.1%) were ongoing during the study with similar rate in glucocorticoid treated and untreated pregnancies.

Conclusions

The 96% pregnancy rate among our cohort of NCAH females was similar to the 95% rate reported for the normal population. Glucocorticoid therapy may shorten the time to conceive in a subgroup of women with NCAH. Glucocorticoid therapy did not affect the rate of first trimester miscarriage. Our 77% live birth rate was similar to the 72% live birth rate in the current healthy US population

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