Hypomineralised second primary molars: prevalence, defect characteristics and relationship with dental caries in Melbourne preschool children

Abstract

Background

Dental caries and enamel defects (DDE) are prevalent amongst children. The presence of DDEs, especially enamel hypomineralisation, may increase caries experience in those at increased caries-risk. The reported prevalence of hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) is 2.7% - 21.8%, although the occurrence in Australian children remains unknown. These HSPM represent a potential predictive factor for molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH).

Methods

In total, 623 three to five-year-old children from 30 randomly selected kindergartens participated. The HSPM were recorded using an index combining the EAPD MIH Judgment Criteria and modified DDE Index. Caries was recorded using International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria.

Results

In total, 144 HSPM were observed in 88/623 (14.1%) children, a tooth-level prevalence of 5.8%. The prevalence of dentinal carious lesions was 13.2%, and caries prevalence (d_2-6mft > 0) was 36.4%. Cavitated carious lesions affected 30.7% of HSPM.

Conclusions

The relationship between an increase in HSPM lesion extent and increasing number of HSPM per child was statistically significant. A positive association between HSPM severity and extent at tooth-level existed (p < 0.05). There was a positive relationship between the extent of HSPM and carious lesion severity (p < 0.05). In this population, children with HSPM did not have overall greater caries experience than unaffected children.

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