Evaluation of the relationship between obturation length and presence of apical periodontitis by CBCT: an observational cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between length of root canal obturation (RCO) and the presence of apical periodontitis (AP) in different dental groups using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis.

Materials and methods

A total of 392 roots with canal treatment performed for more than 4 years were evaluated using CBCT. Distances from the apex to the tip of filling material were measured and classified as more than 2 mm short of the apex, approximately 1–2 mm short of the apex, at the apex, and beyond the apex. Odds ratio, confidence interval, and the χ² test were used for statistical analyses.

Results

The frequency of AP was significantly greater in molars than in the other tooth groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, RCO that ended 1–2 mm short of the apex was associated with a lower prevalence of AP in molars and premolars (p < 0.05) and in anterior teeth (p < 0.1) when compared with RCO at the apex, more than 2 mm short of the apex, or beyond the apex. When the RCO reached the apex, there was no difference in the presence of AP among dental groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

The length of RCOs can influence the presence of AP, with molars showing a higher prevalence. RCOs ending 1–2 mm short of the apex are associated with an absence of AP.

Clinical relevance

The length of obturation is related to the presence of apical peridontitis and consequently to the success of endodontic treatment.

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