Publication date: November 2020Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 131Author(s): Melika Lotfi, Nima Rezaei
Thu Sep 24, 2020 22:57
Publication date: November 2020Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 131Author(s): Suwen Bai, Qianqian Yin, Tao Dong, Fang Dai, Ying Qin, Li Ye, Juan Du, Qiu Zhang, Hongbo Chen, Bing Shen
Thu Sep 24, 2020 22:57
Publication date: November 2020Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 131Author(s): Joseph Bagi Suleiman, Victor Udo Nna, Zaida Zakaria, Zaidatul Akmal Othman, Chinedum Ogbonnaya Eleazu, Ainul Bahiyah Abu Bakar, Azlina Ahmad, Umar Zayyanu Usman, Wan Faiziah Wan Abdul Rahman, Mahaneem Mohamed
Thu Sep 24, 2020 22:57
Publication date: November 2020Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 131Author(s): Jiao Zhang, Yao Zhang, Xufeng Yang, Jing Wang, Yifei Xu, Rui Wang, Bo Tan, Ping Huang, Hongying Cao
Thu Sep 24, 2020 22:57
Publication date: November 2020Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 131Author(s): Guijin Ma, Jiangtao Zhang, Xiaomin Yang, Pengmei Guo, Xiaomin Hou, Yanying Fan, Yu Liu, Mingsheng Zhang
Thu Sep 24, 2020 22:57
Publication date: November 2020Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 131Author(s): Zhipeng Cao, Wei Xia, Xiaoyu Zhang, Huiya Yuan, Dawei Guan, Lina Gao
Thu Sep 24, 2020 22:57
Publication date: November 2020Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 131Author(s): Hong-Ying Li, Jian-Bo Yang, Wan-Fang Li, Cai-Xia Qiu, Guang Hu, Shu-Ting Wang, Yun-Fei Song, Hui-Yu Gao, Yue Liu, Qi Wang, Ying Wang, Xian-Long Cheng, Feng Wei, Hong-Tao Jin, Shuang-Cheng Ma
Thu Sep 24, 2020 22:57
Background. Inflammation and tumorigenesis are related. We conducted this study to evaluate whether inflammatory factors (IFs) have a diagnostic value for pathology and a predictive value for survival and recurrence in bladder cancer patients undergoing total cystectomy. Methods. The patients who were diagnosed with bladder cancer and underwent total cystectomy in our center from 2014 to 2020 were enrolled. The values of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 16:35
Although there has been a 90% decline in diarrhea-related deaths since the 1980s, diarrheal diseases remain a major public health problem. In 2018, approximately 500,000 children died from diarrhea. Most deaths from diarrhea among children could be avoided if children received high-quality case…
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Worldwide estimates indicate that nearly 700 million persons have chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease is an important contributor to illness and is associated with a diminished quality of life and a reduced life expectancy. Despite the widespread availability of simple laboratory tests…
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
AbstractPerioperative cardiac tamponade during central venous catheter placement is rare. We present a case of tamponade from pulmonary artery injury during dialysis catheter placement resulting in complicated sternotomy and hospital course. A 52-year-old female experienced intraoperative hypotension, rapidly identified as tamponade, that was treated with an emergent paramedian sternotomy. Patient experienced postdischarge dehiscence and osteomyelitis requiring multiple reoperations. This case is...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
AbstractVasculobiliary injuries (VBI) caused by cholecystectomies are infrequent but extremely serious. We report a case of a severe VBI successfully treated at our center. A 22-year-old woman underwent an open cholecystectomy as treatment for acute cholecystitis and bile duct stones. She was transferred to our center on postoperative Day 4 because of progressive jaundice and encephalopathy. After a proper investigation, we found an extreme VBI with infarction of the right hepatic lobe associated...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
AbstractIntestinal perforation following the ingestion of fishbone is unusual and rarely diagnosed preoperatively, as clinical and radiological findings are non-specific. We report a case of a female patient post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) for obesity, who presented with severe abdominal pain and guarding in left iliac fossa. Computed tomography (CT) suggested internal herniation with compromised vascular supply to the bowel. Exploratory laparotomy identified a perforation site in the blind...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
AbstractTuberous breast deformity refers to a deformity of the breast that is characterized by varying degree of herniation of the breast parenchyma, widened nipple areolar complex, constriction of the breast base and may involve some degree of hypoplasia. Tuberous breast deformity is most often seen in young women who commonly presents due to dissatisfaction with breast symmetry, as this can be a source of significant psychosocial distress. Principles of reconstruction are focused on recreating...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
An international research team led by Martin Petr and Janet Kelso of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, has determined Y chromosome sequences of three Neandertals and two Denisovans. These Y chromosomes provide new insights into the relationships and population histories of archaic and modern humans, including new evidence for ancient gene flow from early modern humans into Neandertals.
Thu Sep 24, 2020 21:14
High Altitude Medicine &Biology, Ahead of Print.
Tue Sep 22, 2020 10:00
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was quickly identified as the cause of COVID 19 disease soon after its earliest reports. The knowledge of the contemporary evolution of this nova coronavirus is urgently needed not only for a retrospective on how, when, and why COVID 19 has emerged and spread, but also for creating remedies through efforts of science, technology, medicine, and public policy. Global sequencing of thousands of genomes has revealed many common genetic variants, which are...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Autotransplantation of teeth is a technique for managing mild hypodontia that has many advantages over other methods of tooth replacement by allowing formation of a functional periodontal ligament and therefore facilitating tooth movement, maintaining alveolar bone, and having a lesser overall impact on oral health.1
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
COVID-19 has led to increased levels of personal protective equipment (PPE) in surgical specialties. Aneurin Bevan Healthboard Oral and Maxillofacial unit sees approximately 2,808 patients per annum and to meet current guidelines this added PPE is estimated to cost an extra £32,292. Whilst this helps improve safety for clinicians and patients, we also recommend that evidence is regularly reviewed to assess what PPE is justified at different stages of viral prevalence.
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Patients choosing aesthetic surgery are asymptomatic individuals opting for surgery. Psychologists and surgeons have been interested in identifying characteristics of these individuals’ pre-operative as well as post-operative changes. It was identified that a small number of patients have a primary issue with self-body image, which resulted in altered perceptions and attitudes such that the preoccupation with perceived deficiencies continued even after surgery. The recommended course is to attempt...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Hereditary angioedema is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by recurrent and unpredictable episodes of swelling, particularly of the skin and the gastric, oropharyngeal, and laryngeal mucosa, which can be life threatening. The majority of cases of hereditary angioedema are caused by…
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) — one of the most common autosomal recessive disorders — is potentially life-threatening in its classic (severe) form and may be asymptomatic or cause female infertility in its nonclassic (mild) form. The most common type of CAH is 21-hydroxylase deficiency; for…
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Major loss of muscle protein (atrophy, or wasting) is commonly seen in old age (sarcopenia), in cases of muscle disuse or denervation, and in systemic inflammatory catabolic states. Loss of skeletal muscle mass and function has mental, social, and physical health consequences that diminish quality…
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
To determine the dimensions of mucosal defects that can be covered by a bipedicled vocal fold mucosal flap.
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Young voices experience a multitude of physiological and hormonal changes that can impact vocal production. Singing an ensemble voice part that demands more than an adolescent laryngeal structure can readily support may be detrimental to vocal health and enjoyment.
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose There is little data and lack of consensus regarding antiplatelet management for intracranial stenting due to underlying intracranial atherosclerosis in the setting of endovascular treatment (EVT). In this DELPHI study, we aimed to assess whether consensus on antiplatelet management in this situation among experienced experts can be achieved, and what this consensus would be. ...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Background and Objective. The excitotoxicity of glutamate (Glu) is a major risk factor for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). The role of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) and the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-proprionic acid receptor (AMPAR) subunit GluR2 in mediating the Glu excitotoxicity has always been the hotspot. This study was aimed at investigating the early changes of glutamate metabolism in the basal ganglia following hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in a neonatal piglet...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 13:05
J Neurol Surg Rep 2020; 81: e52-e58DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717056 Background Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) is a procedure for sellar or midline masses in the skull base. Among the reported complications are iatrogenic vascular injuries; that are rare, yet they carry devastating outcomes, with an incidence of injury between 0.34 and 2.6%. The cavernous internal carotid artery is the most commonly injured. However, intradural arterial injuries are much less reported with challenging management....
Thu Sep 24, 2020 02:00
Researchers find support for new hypotheses: that tarantulas' vibrant blue colors may be used to communicate between potential mates, while green coloration confers the ability to conceal among foliage. Their research also suggests that tarantulas are not as color-blind as previously believed, and that these arachnids may be able to perceive the bright blue tones on their bodies.
Thu Sep 24, 2020 17:19
Oncogenesis, Published online: 24 September 2020; doi:10.1038/s41389-020-00268-wA novel β2-AR/YB-1/β-catenin axis mediates chronic stress-associated metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07179
Thu Sep 24, 2020 07:00
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of radical radiotherapy and assess prognostic factors in metachronous oligometastatic esophageal cancer (MOEC) patients after initial treatment with curative-intent surgery and/or chemoradiotherapy.
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objective Adherence is a critical issue in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Approximately 40% of patients treated with CPAP are at risk of discontinuation or insufficient use (< 4 h/night). Assuming that the first few days on CPAP are critical for continued treatment, we tested the predictive value at day 14 (D14) of the Philips Adherence Profiler™ (AP) algorithm for...
03:00
No one needs to wonder whether we have all become more stressed, more anxious, and even more depressed in the past 6 months amid the worst pandemic in over 100 years. Fear of infection with the possibility of illness and even death is accompanied by frustrations and anxieties over the adverse impact that this virus has had on our lives—personal and professional. Most of us are creatures of habit—we like what we like, the way we like it, and when we like it. In the beginning of the pandemic, we were...
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Evidence-based medicine has been the basis of much of our treatment patterns. The fact that it is based on population studies, although frequently with very restrictive stratifications of the patients being tested, is both its strength and weakness. Thus, for the treatment of a disease such as hypertension, good results may be observed for many, but likely not all, patients. Some patients may have specific gene mutations that alter their responsiveness to various treatments. Therefore, “personalized...
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 25 September 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-01084-0Population-scale predictions of DPD and TPMT phenotypes using a quantitative pharmacogene-specific ensemble classifier
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The R7 and R8 photoreceptor cells of the Drosophila compound eye mediate color vision. Throughout the majority of the eye, these cells occur in two principal types of ommatidia. Approximately 35% of ommatidia are of the pale type and express Rh3 in R7 cells and Rh5 in R8 cells. The remaining 65% are of the yellow type and express Rh4 in R7 cells and Rh6 in R8 cells. The specification of an R8 cell in a pale or yellow ommatidium depends on the fate of the adjacent R7 cell. However, pale and yellow...
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Balancers are rearranged chromosomes used in Drosophila melanogaster to maintain deleterious mutations in stable populations, preserve sets of linked genetic elements and construct complex experimental stocks. Here, we assess the phenotypes associated with breakpoint-induced mutations on commonly used third chromosome balancers and show remarkably few deleterious effects. We demonstrate that a breakpoint in p53 causes loss of radiation-induced apoptosis and a breakpoint in Fucosyltransferase A causes...
01:04
Mutation rate estimates for vegetatively reproducing organisms are rare, despite their frequent occurrence across the tree of life. Here we report mutation rate estimates in two vegetatively reproducing duckweed species, Lemna minor and Spirodela polyrhiza. We use a modified approach to estimating mutation rates by taking into account the reduction in mutation detection power that occurs when new individuals are produced from multiple cell lineages. We estimate an extremely low per generation mutation...
01:04
Neural specification is regulated by one or many transcription factors that control expression of effector genes that mediate function and determine neuronal type. Here we identify a novel role for one conserved proneural factor, the bHLH protein HLH-3, implicated in the specification of sex-specific ventral cord motor neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proneural genes act in early stages of neurogenesis in early progenitors, but here, we demonstrate a later role for hlh-3. First, we document that...
01:04
SUMMARY:Treatment outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy for acute stroke secondary to large-vessel occlusion in which the Asahi Fubuki was used as a guide catheter were reviewed. Among 154 patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy, the Fubuki was successfully delivered to the cervical ICA in 151 cases (98.1%) and the lesion was successfully crossed in 150 cases (97.4%). Median times to lesion crossing and revascularization were 9 and 19 minutes, respectively.
Thu Sep 24, 2020 15:15
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Otalgia may be secondary to serious pathology, such as upper aerodigestive tract malignancies, and CT or MR imaging of the skull base, face, and neck is often performed to detect clinically occult lesions. The diagnostic yield, management impact, and therapeutic impact of imaging in this clinical scenario, however, have yet to be elucidated.MATERIALS AND METHODS:CT and MR imaging in patients who presented with otalgia without clinically overt disease was retrospectively analyzed...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 15:16
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:PET/MRI with 18F-FDG has demonstrated the advantages of simultaneous PET and MR imaging in head and neck cancer imaging, MRI allowing excellent soft-tissue contrast, while PET provides metabolic information. The aim of this study was to evaluate the added value of gadolinium contrast–enhanced sequences in the tumor delineation of head and neck cancers on 18F-FDG-PET/MR imaging.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Consecutive patients who underwent simultaneous head and neck 18F-FDG-PET/MR...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 15:24
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Metal artifacts reduce the quality of CT images and increase the difficulty of interpretation. This study compared the ability of model-based iterative reconstruction and hybrid iterative reconstruction to improve CT image quality in patients with metallic dental artifacts when both techniques were combined with a metal artifact reduction algorithm.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This retrospective clinical study included 40 patients (men, 31; women, 9; mean age, 62.9 ± 12.3 years) with...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 15:31
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:There is no consensus on the optimal antithrombotic medication for patients with acute ischemic stroke with anterior circulation tandem occlusions treated with emergent carotid stent placement and mechanical thrombectomy. The identification of factors influencing hemorrhagic risks can assist in creating appropriate therapeutic algorithms for such patients. This study aimed to investigate the impact of medical therapy on functional and safety outcomes in patients treated with...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 15:41
Background: Experimental evolution of microbes can be used to empirically address a wide range of questions about evolution and is increasingly employed to study complex phenomena ranging from genetic evolution to evolutionary rescue. Regardless of experimental aims, fitness assays are a central component of this type of research, and low-throughput often limits the scope and complexity of experimental evolution studies. We created an experimental evolution system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Related Articles Saved by the SPY: Ulnar Artery Reconstruction With LCFA Graft for Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome. Eplasty. 2020;20:e10 Authors: Gala ZS, Ayyala H, Viviano SL, Ignatiuk A Abstract Introduction: Hypothenar Hammer syndrome refers to thrombosis/aneurysm of ulnar artery at Guyon's canal in wrist, with resultant arterial insufficiency in the ulnar artery distribution.1 Patients typically describe unilateral symptoms in the fourth...
06:08
Related Articles The Functional Benefits of Preserving the Proximal Lower Leg Even in Total Necrosis of the Lower-Leg Muscles. Eplasty. 2020;20:ic12 Authors: Tsuge I, Sakamoto M, Arata J, Morimoto N PMID: 32963667 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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British Journal of Nursing, Volume 29, Issue 17, Page 1016-1022, September 2020.
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British Journal of Nursing, Volume 29, Issue 17, Page 1042-1043, September 2020.
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Distribution history of the widespread Neotropical genus Hypostomus to shed light on the processes that shaped species diversity. We inferred a calibrated phylogeny; ancestral habitat preference, ancestral areas distribution, and the history of dispersal and vicariance events of this genus. The phylogenetic and distributional analyses indicate that Hypostomus species inhabiting La Plata Basin do not form a monophyletic clade, suggesting that several unrelated ancestral species colonized this basin...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Recent results comparing the temporal program of genome replication of yeast species belonging to the Lachancea clade support the scenario that the evolution of replication timing program could be mainly driven by correlated acquisition and loss events of active replication origins. Using these results as a benchmark, we develop an evolutionary model defined as birth-death process for replication origins, and use it to identify the selective pressures that shape the replication timing profiles. Comparing...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
AbstractMucinous lesions of appendix are a rare clinical entity and may be neoplastic or non-neoplastic. The diagnosis is usual incidental during computed tomography scan or colonoscopy performed for general abdominal symptoms or occasional finding during operation for acute appendicitis. For this reason, initial treatment should be tailored to the situation, aiming at complete resection of the appendix with disease-free margins: this can be achieved by simple appendectomy or more extensive resection....
03:00
AbstractRecurrent malignant solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas (SPNP) are rare tumors with unpredictable clinical and histopathological features. There is a lack of consensus regarding utilization of adjuvant modalities in conjunction with or in lieu of curative metastatectomy. We present a remarkable case where Yttrium-90 selective internal radiation therapy (Y-90 SIRT) was successfully utilized to elucidate underlying tumor biology and aid resection of a large multifocal recurrent...
03:00
AbstractA 45-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a huge liver tumor that had been diagnosed as a hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML) 5 years previously. At the time of referral, it had enlarged from 12 to 20 cm within the previous 5 years and become symptomatic. Enhanced computed tomography revealed a very large, well-defined, low-density mass occupying the entire right lobe of the liver. The patient underwent right hemi-hepatectomy. The resected specimen weighed 1620 g and measured 20 × 14 × 8 cm....
03:00
Background The risk of contracting rabies is low for travellers. However, the number of Dutch travellers potentially exposed abroad following an animal-associated injury and needing post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) has increased, resulting in increased costs. Aim Here, we evaluated the costs and the cost-effectiveness of different pre- and post-exposure interventions in the Netherlands, taking into account the 2018 World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for the prevention of...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Rabies is enzootic in over one hundred countries worldwide. In the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA), the vast majority of human rabies cases are travellers bitten by dogs in rabies-enzootic countries, mostly in Asia and Africa. Thus, EU/EEA travellers visiting rabies enzootic countries should be aware of the risk of being infected with the rabies virus when having physical contact with mammals. They should consider pre-exposure vaccination following criteria recommended by the World...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
The World Health Organization (WHO) issued an updated position paper on rabies in 2018, mainly focusing on simplification of vaccination schedules and use of rabies immunoglobulin (RIG). The maximum amount of RIG anatomically feasible should be infiltrated exclusively in and around the wound and will no longer be calculated solely based on body weight. We describe the practical guideline implementing the revised RIG policy in the Netherlands on how to determine the amount of RIG for local administration....
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Mitigation of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in Germany included school closures in early March 2020. After reopening in April, preventive measures were taken in schools. We analysed national surveillance system data on COVID-19 school outbreaks during different time periods. After reopening, smaller outbreaks (average: 2.2/week) occurred despite low incidence in the general population. School closures might have a detrimental effect on children and should be applied only cautiously...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
LTR-retrotransposons are structurally similar to retroviruses, as they possess the enzymes reverse transcriptase, Ribonuclease H, integrase, proteinase, and the gag gene and are flanked by long terminal repeats (LTRs). The 412/mdg1 lineage, belonging to the Ty3/Gypsy group, consists of the TEs 412, mdg1, stalker, pilgrim, and blood . The 412/mdg1 lineage is distinguished from the others in the gypsy group in that it has small ORFs at the beginning of the TE and is highly similar to the pol ORF among...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
Sexual selection researchers have traditionally focused on adult sex differences; however, the schedule and pattern of sex-specific ontogeny can provide insights unobtainable from an exclusive focus on adults. Recently, it has been debated whether facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR; bi-zygomatic breadth divided by midface height) is a human secondary sexual characteristic (SSC). Here, we review current evidence, then address this debate using ontogenetic evidence, which has been under-explored in...
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
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