Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) and associated risk factors after parotid gland surgery including the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis.
Design
Retrospective single‐center clinical study.
Setting
Tertiary referral center for head and neck surgery
Participants
754 patients who underwent parotid gland surgery at the University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany between 2007 and 2014 were enrolled in this study. Data on patient age, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification system, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, operation time, and antibiotic prophylaxis were collected. Additionally, the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) risk index was calculated. Association of these factors with SSI was evaluated in univariate analyses and a multivariate logistic regression model.
Main outcome measures
Rate of SSI.
Results
24 patients (3.2%) had an SSI according to the NHSN definition. In univariate analyses, only smokers (p = 0.048) and male patients (p = 0.01) had a significantly higher rate of SSI. Since the majority of smokers were men (62.3%), the effect of male gender, smoking, together with the NHSN risk index were further investigated as predictors of SSI within a logistic regression model. All three predictors showed a significant effect on SSI.
Conclusions
Parotid gland surgery has a low rate of SSI. In our cohort, male gender, smoking, and high NHSN risk index scores were significantly associated with SSI, whereas antibiotic prophylaxis had no protective effect.
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