Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΠΑΛΙΝ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΠΑΛΙΝΔΡΟΜΗΣΗ ]

Η αυτοδιαχείριση του διαβήτη τύπου 2 στην Κύπρο

Ν Παπαηρακλέους - 2017

... καρδιαγγειακές μετρήσεις. Η στατιστική μεθοδολογία περιλαμβάνει τις ακόλουθες
δοκιμασίες: t-test, Man Whitney-U test, χι-τετράγωνο, γραμμική παλινδρόμηση, poisson
παλινδρόμηση και διατάξιμη λογιστική παλινδρόμηση. Τα ...

Προσδιοριστές του πρόωρου τοκετού και προβλεπτική ικανότητα της διακολπικής μέτρησης του τραχήλου της μήτρας

Ε Καϊμενοπούλου - 2017

... Πραγματοποιήθηκαν συσχετίσεις με πολλαπλή γραμμική παλινδρόμηση μεταξύ των
μεταβλητών του μήκους του τραχήλου και του πρόωρου τοκετού. Η στατιστική ανάλυση
των δεδομένων πραγματοποιήθηκε με το IBM SPSS 23.0. ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΓΛΩΣΣ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΓΛΩΣΣΙΤΙΣ ]

Multiple Follicular Keratotic Papules in a Patient With a Distal Limb Polyneuropathy

S Rahnama-Moghadam, A Richardson, H Siddiqui… - The American Journal of …, 2017

... In addition to follicular hyperkeratosis, phrynoderma is also associated with xerosis, cheilitis,
glossitis, and cutaneous hyperpigmentation.1,12 Ocular involvement is the most serious
extracutaneous manifestation of vitamin A deficiency and may include night blindness and Bitot ...

[PDF] Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with Hydroxyurea Therapy

A Hosseini, H Abdolsamadi, N Ronasi

... and nails pigmentation and malignant tumors. Oral lesions are much rarer and often
present as painful ulcers associated with skin lesions. Oral mucositis and oral ulcers,
glossitis, stomatitis, fissuring and flattening of mucosal ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΠΑΡΑΛ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΠΑΡΑΛΥΣΗ BELL ΠΡΟΣΩΠΙΚΟΥ ]

[PDF] Χρήση και σημασία εναλλακτικών μεθόδων επικοινωνίας και υποστηρικτικής τεχνολογίας στην ειδική αγωγή: μια διερευνητική μελέτη των ειδικοτήτων και των …

Σ Τσουμήτα - 2017

... Κάτι τέτοιο απαιτεί γνώσεις από το εκπαιδευτικό και το υπόλοιπο προσωπικό, ώστε οι απαραίτητες
προσαρμογές ... αυτό, έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε στην Ελλάδα βρήκε πως ενήλικες με εγκεφαλική
παράλυση επιθυμούν να εκπαιδευτούν και να μάθουν για τις υποστηρικτικές ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΦΩΝΗ ]

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΦΩΝΗ ]

[PDF] Σύστημα διαχείρισης και ελέγχου στόλου πλοίων μέσω GPS

Ε Δημητρακόπουλος - 2017

... άλλον. Για παράδειγµα, ακόµη και αν βρίσκεστε ανά εσα σε πολύ κόσµο, θα καταλάβετε
τη φωνή ενός φίλου σας που σας φωνάζει από ακριά, γιατί το αυτί σας ξεχωρίζει τους
γνωστούς ήχους ανά εσα από πολλούς άλλους. Άλλος ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ intitle:Bi

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ intitle:Bioprinting ]

Microfluidic Bioprinting of Heterogeneous 3D Tissue Constructs.

C Colosi, M Costantini, A Barbetta, M Dentini - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, …, 2017

3D bioprinting is an emerging field that can be described as a robotic additive biofabrication
technology that has the potential to build tissues or organs. In general, bioprinting uses a
computer-controlled printing device to accurately deposit cells and biomaterials into precise

Bioprinting Cartilage Tissue from Mesenchymal Stem Cells and PEG Hydrogel.

G Gao, K Hubbell, AF Schilling, G Dai, X Cui - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, …, 2017

Author information: (1)School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan
University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Rd., Wuhan, 430070, China. (2)Stemorgan
Therapeutics, 90 State St., Albany, NY, 12207, USA. (3)Clinic for Plastic Surgery and Hand

Bioprinting of 3D Tissue Models Using Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Bioink.

F Pati, DW Cho - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, NJ), 2017

Bioprinting provides an exciting opportunity to print and pattern all the components that make
up a tissue-cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) material-in three dimensions (3D) to generate
tissue analogues. A large number of materials have been used for making bioinks; however,

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Scholar : Research in Drama Education: The Journal of Applied Theatre and Performance, Volume 22, Issue 3, August 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online

@media screen and (max-width:400px) { .two .column, .two .left, .two .right{ max-width: 100% !important; } } @media screen and (min-width: 401px) and (max-width:620px){ .two .column, .two .left, .two .right { max-width: 100% !important; } }

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content Research in Drama Education: The Journal of Applied Theatre and Performance, Volume 22, Issue 3, August 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online. Themed Issue: International Perspectives on Performance, Disability and Deafness This new issue contains the following articles: Editorial Editorial Yvonne Schmidt & Mark Swetz Pages: 301-304 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1338650 Nation Disability theatre in Australia: a survey and a sector ecology Bree Hadley http://ift.tt/2tgdzlH Pages: 305-324 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1324775 Prosthetic rasa: dance on wheels and challenged kinesthetics Akhila Vimal C. Pages: 325-331 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1324777 Reinforcing Zionist ableism in Israeli wheelchair folk dancing Nili R. Broyer Pages: 332-338 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1326807 Contemporary performance by and for those with disabilities: the case of Greece Maria Koltsida & Antonis Lenakakis Pages: 339-344 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1326809 Playing crip: the politics of disabled artists' performances in Spain Andrea García-Santesmases Fernández & Miriam Arenas Conejo Pages: 345-351 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1327804 From republicans to hacktivists: recent inclusion initiatives in Canadian theatre Kirsty Johnston Pages: 352-362 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1324776 Citizen Puppetry as reinforcement or rupture of cultural perceptions of the disabled body Laura Purcell-Gates & Emma Fisher Pages: 363-372 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1329652 Experiencing, and being experienced as, learning disabled choreographers in the West of Ireland Rachel Parry Pages: 373-380 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1330653 Permission to be looked at: a collaboration between Theatre Siperia and Wärjäämö, the centre for arts and activity for disabled people Riikka Papunen Pages: 381-386 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1327806 Deaf-accessibility for spoonies: lessons from touring Eve and Mary Are Having Coffee while chronically ill Khairani Barokka (Okka) Pages: 387-392 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1324778 Excursion Vital affordances, occupying niches: an ecological approach to disability and performance Arseli Dokumaci Pages: 393-412 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1326808 Theatre and dance with deaf students: researching performance practices in a Brazilian school context Marcia Berselli & Sergio A. Lulkin Pages: 413-419 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1327805 The Memory Ensemble: improvising connections among performance, disability, and ageing Christine Mary Dunford, Hailee M. Yoshizaki-Gibbons & Darby Morhardt Pages: 420-426 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1326806 Method and madness: de/colonising scholarship and theatre research with participants labelled mad Alexandra Sutherland Pages: 427-435 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1326805 Autism and comedy: using theatre workshops to explore humour with adolescents on the spectrum Shaun May Pages: 436-445 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1329651 Towards a new directional turn? Directors with cognitive disabilities | Yvonne Schmidt Pages: 446-459 | DOI: 10.1080/13569783.2017.1329653 To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Vaccination against histomonosis limits pronounced changes of B cells and T-cell subsets in turkeys and chickens

Publication date: Available online 26 June 2017
Source:Vaccine
Author(s): Taniya Mitra, Wilhelm Gerner, Fana Alem Kidane, Patricia Wernsdorf, Michael Hess, Armin Saalmüller, Dieter Liebhart
The protozoan parasite Histomonas meleagridis is the causative agent of histomonosis in gallinaceous birds. In turkeys, the disease can result in high mortality due to severe inflammation and necrosis in caecum and liver, whereas in chickens the disease is less severe. Recently, experimental vaccination was shown to protect chickens and turkeys against histomonosis but dynamics in the cellular immune response are not yet demonstrated. In the present work, different groups of birds of both species were vaccinated with attenuated, and/or infected with virulent histomonads. Flow cytometry was applied at different days post inoculation to analyse the absolute number of T-cell subsets and B cells in caecum, liver, spleen and blood, in order to monitor changes in these major lymphocyte subsets. In addition, in chicken samples total white blood cells were investigated.Infected turkeys showed a significant decrease of T cells in the caecum within one week post infection compared to control birds, whereas vaccination showed delayed changes. The challenge of vaccinated turkeys led to a significant increase of all investigated lymphocytes in the blood already at 4 DPI, indicating an effective and fast recall response of the primed immune system.In the caecum of chickens, changes of B cells, CD4⁺ and CD8α⁺ T cells were much less pronounced than in turkeys, however, mostly caused by virulent histomonads. Analyses of whole blood in non-vaccinated but infected chickens revealed increasing numbers of monocytes/macrophages on all sampling days, whereas a decrease of heterophils was observed directly after challenge, suggesting recruitment of this cell population to the local site of infection.Our results showed that virulent histomonads caused more severe changes in the distribution of lymphocyte subsets in turkeys compared to chickens. Moreover, vaccination with attenuated histomonads resulted in less pronounced alterations in both species, even after challenge.



http://ift.tt/2shIIAC

CD11a and CD49d enhance the detection of antigen-specific T cells following human vaccination

Publication date: Available online 27 June 2017
Source:Vaccine
Author(s): Allison F. Christiaansen, Upasna Gaur Dixit, Rhea N. Coler, Anna Marie Beckmann, Steven G. Reed, Patricia L. Winokur, M. Bridget Zimmerman, Steven M. Varga, Mary E. Wilson
BackgroundDetermining the efficacy of human vaccines that induce antigen-specific protective CD4 T cell responses against pathogens can be particularly challenging to evaluate. Surface expression of CD11a and CD49d has been shown to identify antigen-specific CD4 T cells against viral pathogens in mice. We hypothesized that CD11a and CD49d would also serve as markers of human antigen-specific T cells responding to vaccination.MethodsA phase I vaccine trial enabled us to evaluate a novel gating strategy based on surface expression of CD11a and CD49d as a means of detecting antigen-specific, cytokine producing CD4 and CD8 T cells induced after vaccination of naïve individuals against leishmaniasis. Three study groups received LEISH-F3 recombinant protein combined with either squalene oil-in-water emulsion (SE) alone, SE with the synthetic TLR-4 ligand glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA-SE), or SE with Salmonella minnesota-derived monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL-SE). Individuals were given 3 vaccine doses, on days 0, 28 and 168.ResultsStarting after the first vaccine dose, the frequency of both CD11a^hiCD49d⁺ CD4 and CD11a^hiCD49d⁺ CD8 T cells significantly increased over time throughout the 24-week trial. To confirm the role of CD11a^hiCD49d⁺ expression in the identification of the antigen-specific T cells, cytokine production was measured following LEISH-F3 stimulation. All of the IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 producing cells were found within the CD11a^hiCD49d⁺ population.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the change in the frequency of CD11a^hiCD49d⁺ T cells can be used to track antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses following T cell-targeted vaccination.



http://ift.tt/2sMkP7O

A time-adjusted cortisol cut-off can reduce referral rate for Synacthen stimulation test whilst maintaining diagnostic performance

Abstract

Objective

Cortisol cut-offs can predict requirement for Synacthen stimulation tests (SST). We assessed the performance of a standard cortisol cut-off (375 nmol/L) across the morning and compared this with a time-adjusted cut-off.

Design

Retrospective audit.

Patients

Community reference set (n=12 550) and SST patients (n=757).

Measurements

In the reference population time-specific cortisol medians were calculated and used to convert cortisol to time-adjusted Multiples of the Median (MoM). In 757 SST patients, the predictive performance of a standard cortisol cut-off (375nmol/L) and its time-adjusted MoM equivalent were compared.

Results

Median cortisol decreased by ~30 nmol/L per hour between 0700 and 1200 h. In the reference population, proportions below the 375 nmol/L cut-off increased throughout the morning (range 35-64%), whereas using the time-adjusted MoM cut-off proportions were consistent (range 46-50%), with a 17% maximal difference in referral rates between the two cut-offs after 1100h. A similar pattern was noted in the SST cohort. When a cortisol MoM cut-off was used to predict SST success, the excess proportion of patients tested and misclassification rates were lower and more consistent than when the standard cut-off was used. A median cortisol of 375 nmol/L equated to 444 and 313 nmol/L before 0800 and after 1100 h respectively.

Conclusion

Use of a standard cortisol cut-off results in 17% more patients being referred for SST later in the morning. A time-adjusted cortisol cut-off provides consistent and lower referral rates whilst maintaining similar or better performance than a standard single cut-off in predicting outcome of SST.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

http://ift.tt/2tfKOFF

Glass-ceramic coating material for the CO2 laser based sintering of thin films as caries and erosion protection

Publication date: Available online 27 June 2017
Source:Dental Materials
Author(s): Marin Dean Bilandžić, Susanne Wollgarten, Jochen Stollenwerk, Reinhart Poprawe, Marcella Esteves-Oliveira, Horst Fischer
ObjectivesThe established method of fissure-sealing using polymeric coating materials exhibits limitations on the long-term. Here, we present a novel technique with the potential to protect susceptible teeth against caries and erosion. We hypothesized that a tailored glass-ceramic material could be sprayed onto enamel-like substrates to create superior adhesion properties after sintering by a CO2 laser beam.MethodsA powdered dental glass-ceramic material from the system SiO2-Na2O-K2O-CaO-Al2O3-MgO was adjusted with individual properties suitable for a spray coating process. The material was characterized using X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), heating microscopy, dilatometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), grain size analysis, biaxial flexural strength measurements, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas pycnometry. Three different groups of samples (each n=10) where prepared: Group A, powder pressed glass-ceramic coating material; Group B, sintered hydroxyapatite specimens; and Group C, enamel specimens (prepared from bovine teeth). Group B and C where spray coated with glass-ceramic powder. All specimens were heat treated using a CO2 laser beam process. Cross-sections of the laser-sintered specimens were analyzed using laser scanning microscopy (LSM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and SEM.ResultsThe developed glass-ceramic material (grain size d50=13.1mm, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)=13.310⁻⁶/K) could be spray coated on all tested substrates (mean thickness=160μm). FTIR analysis confirmed an absorption of the laser energy up to 95%. The powdered glass-ceramic material was successfully densely sintered in all sample groups. The coating interface investigation by SEM and EDX proved atomic diffusion and adhesion of the glass-ceramic material to hydroxyapatite and to dental enamel.SignificanceA glass-ceramic material with suitable absorption properties was successfully sprayed and laser-sintered in thin films on hydroxyapatite as well as on bovine enamel. The presented novel technique of tooth coating with a dental glass-ceramic using a CO2-laser holds a great potential as a possible method to protect susceptible teeth against caries and erosion.



http://ift.tt/2ucfW5C

Different PEEK qualities irradiated with light of different wavelengths: Impact on Martens hardness

Publication date: Available online 27 June 2017
Source:Dental Materials
Author(s): Nina Lümkemann, Marlis Eichberger, Bogna Stawarczyk
ObjectivesTo assess the impact of irradiation on Martens hardness parameters of different PEEK qualities filled with titanium dioxide (TiO2), namely PEEK/0%, PEEK/20%, and PEEK/>30%.MethodsFor Martens hardness (HM) measurements, 40 specimens of each PEEK quality were fabricated and air-abraded with 50μm Al2O3. HM parameters of PEEK specimens were measured initially and stepwise after irradiating for 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 180, 360 and 540s using light units with different wavelength: Elipar S10 (430–480nm), EyeVolutionMAX (385–390nm+465–470nm), Translux CL (380–500nm) and bre.Lux Power Unit (370–500nm). HM parameters of 10 human teeth were measured initially on enamel and dentin. Data was analysed using 3-way ANOVA with partial eta-squared (ηP²) and post-hoc Tuckey-HSD-test (p<0.05).ResultsPEEK qualities followed by the wavelength showed the highest effect on Martens hardness (p<0.013). PEEK/>30% (197.35±19.9N/mm²), followed by PEEK/20% (191.45±15.49 N/mm²) showed significantly higher values for HM than PEEK/0% (189.55±16.89N/mm²). PEEK/>30% (5.49±0.4kN/mm) and PEEK/20% (5.38±0.26kN/mm²) presented higher indentation modulus (EIT) than PEEK/0% (4.77±0.36kN/mm²). Irradiated with wavelength of 430–480nm (PEEK/0%: 193.28N/mm², PEEK20%: 198.83N/mm², PEEK/>30%: 200.5N/mm²) indicated higher HM compared to specimens irradiated with 380–500nm (PEEK/0%: 186.63N/mm², PEEK20%: 191.05N/mm², PEEK/>30%: 196.13N/mm²). Irradiation using 430–480nm (PEEK/0%: 4.95kN/mm², PEEK20%: 5.52kN/mm², PEEK/>30%: 5.59kN/mm²) and 370–500nm (PEEK/0%: 4.92kN/mm², PEEK20%: 5.43kN/mm², PEEK/>30%: 5.53kN/mm²) indicated higher EIT values compared to specimens irradiated with 380–500nm (PEEK/0%: 4.72kN/mm², PEEK20%: 5.34kN/mm², PEEK/>30%: 5.47kN/mm²). Duration of irradiation presented no impact on results. Enamel (HM: 2263.6±405.16, EIT: 63.16±19.24) and dentin (HM: 468.2±30.77N/mm², EIT: 14.14±4.59kN/mm²) presented significantly higher HM and EIT than the tested PEEK qualities (p<0.001).SignificanceIrradiation with different wavelength impacted HM parameter. The increase of TiO2 percentage in PEEK matrix improved the HM parameter. However, PEEK showed significantly lower HM parameter than human teeth.



http://ift.tt/2tekWtl

Comparison of three and four point bending evaluation of two adhesive bonding systems for glass-ceramic zirconia bi-layered ceramics

Publication date: Available online 26 June 2017
Source:Dental Materials
Author(s): C. Gee, J.N. Weddell, M.V. Swain
ObjectivesTo quantify the adhesion of two bonding approaches of zirconia to more aesthetic glass-ceramic materials using the Schwickerath (ISO 9693-2:2016) three point bend (3PB) [1] test to determine the fracture initiation strength and strain energy release rate associated with stable crack extension with this test and the Charalamabides et al. (1989) [2] four point bend (4PB) test.MethodsTwo glass-ceramic materials (VITABLOCS Triluxe forte, Vita Zahnfabrik, Germany and IPS.emax CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) were bonded to sintered zirconia (VITA InCeram YZ). The former was resin bonded using a dual-cure composite resin (Panavia F 2.0, Kuraray Medical Inc., Osaka, Japan) following etching and silane conditioning, while the IPS.emax CAD was glass bonded (IPS e.max CAD Crystall/Connect) during crystallization of the IPS.emax CAD. Specimens (30) of the appropriate dimensions were fabricated for the Schwickerath 3PB and 4PB tests. Strength values were determined from crack initiation while strain energy release rate values were determined from the minima in the force-displacement curves with the 3PB test (Schneider and Swain, 2015) [3] and for 4PB test from the plateau region of stable crack extension.ResultsStrength values for the resin and glass bonded glass ceramics to zirconia were 22.20±6.72MPa and 27.02±3.49MPa respectively. The strain energy release rates for the two methods used were very similar and for the glass bonding, (4PB) 15.14±5.06N/m (or J/m²) and (3PB) 16.83±3.91N/m and resin bonding (4PB) 8.34±1.93N/m and (3PB) 8.44±2.81N/m respectively. The differences in strength and strain energy release rate for the two bonding approaches were statistically significant (p<0.05). SEM observations showed fracture occurred adhesively for the resin bonding and cohesively for the glass bonding.SignificanceThe present results indicate 3PB and 4PB tests have very similar values for the strain energy release rate determination. However while strength tests reveal minimal differences between resin and glass bonding, strain energy release rates for the latter are superior for bonding CAD/CAM milled glass-ceramics to zirconia.



http://ift.tt/2uc7VOi

Monolithic zirconia dental crowns. Internal fit, margin quality, fracture mode and load at fracture

Publication date: Available online 26 June 2017
Source:Dental Materials
Author(s): Christian Schriwer, Anneli Skjold, Nils Roar Gjerdet, Marit Øilo
ObjectiveDental all-ceramic restorations of zirconia, with and without an aesthetic veneering layer, have become a viable alternative to conventional metal-ceramic restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether factors of the production methods or the material compositions affect load at fracture, fracture modes, internal fit or crown margins of monolithic zirconia crowns.MethodsSixty crowns made from six different commercially available dental zirconias were produced to a model tooth with a shallow circumferential chamfer preparation. Internal fit was assessed by the replica method. The crown margin quality was assessed by light microscopy on an ordinal scale. The cemented crowns were loaded centrally in the occlusal fossa with a horizontal steel cylinder with a diameter of 13mm at 0.5mm/min until fracture. Fractographic analysis was performed on the fractured crowns.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences among the groups regarding crown margins, internal fit and load at fracture (p<0.05, Kruskall Wallis). Fracture analyses revealed that all fractures started cervically and propagated to the occlusal surface similar to clinically observed fractures. There was statistically significant correlation between margin quality and load at fracture (Spearman's rank correlation, p<0,05).SignificanceProduction method and material composition of monolithic zirconia crowns affect internal fit, crown margin quality and the load at fracture. The hard-machined Y-TZP zirconia crowns had the best margin quality and the highest load at fracture. Reduction of margin flaws will improve fracture strength of monolithic zirconia crowns and thereby increase clinical success.



http://ift.tt/2tezWaI

The influence of Y-TZP surface treatment on topography and ceramic/resin cement interfacial fracture toughness

Publication date: Available online 26 June 2017
Source:Dental Materials
Author(s): P.N.G. Paes, F.L. Bastian, P.M. Jardim
ObjectiveConsider the efficacy of glass infiltration etching (SIE) treatment as a procedure to modify the zirconia surface resulting in higher interfacial fracture toughness.MethodsY-TZP was subjected to 5 different surface treatments conditions consisting of no treatment (G1), SIE followed by hydrofluoric acid treatment (G2), heat treated at 750°C (G3), hydrofluoric acid treated (G4) and airborne-particle abrasion with alumina particles (G5). The effect of surface treatment on roughness was evaluated by Atomic Force Microscopy providing three different parameters: Ra, Rsk and surface area variation. The ceramic/resin cement interface was analyzed by Fracture Mechanics KI test with failure mode determined by fractographic analysis. Weibull's analysis was also performed to evaluate the structural integrity of the adhesion zone.ResultsG2 and G4 specimens showed very similar, and high Ra values but different surface area variation (33% for G2 and 13% for G4) and they presented the highest fracture toughness (KIC). Weibull's analysis showed G2 (SIE) tendency to exhibit higher KIC values than the other groups but with more data scatter and a higher early failure probability than G4 specimens.SignificanceSelective glass infiltration etching surface treatment was effective in modifying the zirconia surface roughness, increasing the bonding area and hence the mechanical imbrications at the zirconia/resin cement interface resulting in higher fracture toughness (KIC) values with higher KIC values obtained when failure probability above 20% was expected (Weibull's distribution) among all the experimental groups.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2teEFZU

Scholar : Australian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 37, Issue 3, September 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online

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The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content Australian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 37, Issue 3, September 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online. This new issue contains the following articles: Articles A Corpus-based Study of Textual Metaphor in English Qingshun He & Binli Wen Pages: 265-285 | DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2017.1298393 Sound Symbolism in English: Weighing the Evidence Barry J. Blake Pages: 286-313 | DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2017.1298394 Dying for a Cause Other Than God: Exploring the Non-religious Meanings of Martyr and Shahīd Sandy Habib Pages: 314-327 | DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2017.1298395 Verb Classification in Ngarla (Ngayarta, Pama-Nyungan) Torbjörn Westerlund http://ift.tt/2sctphq Pages: 328-355 | DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2017.1298396 Wicked Which: The Linking Relative in Australian English Isabelle Burke Pages: 356-386 | DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2017.1298398 Notes on Contributors Notes on contributors Pages: 387-387 | DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2017.1333194 Corrigenda Corrigendum Pages: 388-388 | DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2017.1298175 Listening Leaders Free Accessarticles from International Listening Association Lifetime Achievement AwardeesFind out more To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Simultaneous adsorption of Remazol brilliant blue and Disperse orange dyes on red mud and isotherms for the mixed dye system

Abstract

The paper presents the adsorption of Remazol brilliant blue (RBB) and Disperse orange 25 (DO25) dyes from aqueous solution of the mixture of dyes onto concentrated sulphuric acid-treated red mud (ATRM). First-order derivative spectrophotometric method was developed for the analysis of RBB and DO25 in mixed dye aqueous solution to overcome the limitations arising due to interference in the zero-order spectral method. The optimum conditions to maximize RBB adsorption favoured the adsorption of RBB, and those for DO25 favoured DO25 adsorption from the mixed dye aqueous solutions. Presence of a second dye always inhibited the adsorption of a target dye. The uptake and percentage adsorption of each of the dyes onto ATRM from the aqueous solution of the mixture of dyes decreased considerably with increasing concentrations of the other dye showing the antagonistic effect. Monocomponent Langmuir isotherm fitted the mixed dye adsorption equilibrium data better than the monocomponent Freundlich isotherm. However, monocomponent models are suitable for the fixed concentration of the other dye. Modified Langmuir isotherm model adequately predicted the multi-component adsorption equilibrium data for RBB-DO25-ATRM adsorption system with a good accuracy and is more generic from the application point of view.

http://ift.tt/2scGgAb

Neural correlates underlying the comprehension of deceitful and ironic communicative intentions

Publication date: Available online 27 June 2017
Source:Cortex
Author(s): Francesca M. Bosco, Alberto Parola, Maria C. Valentini, Rosalba Morese
Neuroimaging studies have shown that a left fronto-temporo-parietal cerebral network is recruited in the comprehension of both deceitful and ironic speech acts. However, no studies to date have directly compared neural activation during the comprehension of these pragmatic phenomena. We used fMRI to investigate the existence of common and specific neural circuits underlying the comprehension of the same speech act, uttered with different communicative intentions, i.e. of being sincere, deceitful or ironic. In particular, the novelty of the present study is that it explores the existence of a specific cerebral area involved in the recognition of irony vs. deceit. We presented 23 healthy participants with 48 context stories each followed by a target sentence. For each story we designed different versions eliciting, respectively, different pragmatic interpretations of the same target sentence - literal, deceitful or ironic -. We kept the semantic and syntactic complexity of the target sentence constant across the conditions. Our results showed that the recognition of ironic communicative intention activated the left temporo-parietal junction (lTPJ), the left inferior frontal gyrus (lIFG), the left middle frontal gyrus (lMFG), the left middle temporal gyrus (lMTG), and the left dorsolateral frontal cortex (lDLPFC). Comprehension of deceitful communicative intention activated the lIFG, the lMFG, and the lDLPFC. fMRI analysis revealed that a left fronto-temporal network - including the IFG, the DLPFC and the MFG - is activated in both irony and deceit recognition. The original result of the present investigation is that the lMTG was found to be more active in the comprehension of ironic vs. deceitful communicative intention, thus suggesting its specific role in irony recognition. To conclude, our results showed that common cerebral areas are recruited in the comprehension of both pragmatic phenomena, while the lMTG has a key role in the recognition of ironic vs. deceitful communicative intention.



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Geschwind Syndrome in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Neuroanatomical and neuropsychological features over 9 years

Publication date: Available online 27 June 2017
Source:Cortex
Author(s): Laura Veronelli, Sara J. Makaretz, Megan Quimby, Bradford C. Dickerson, Jessica A. Collins
Geschwind Syndrome, a characteristic behavioral syndrome frequently described in patients affected by temporal lobe epilepsy, consists of the following features: hyper-religiosity, hypergraphia, hyposexuality, and irritability. Here we report the 9-year-clinical course of a case of Geschwind Syndrome that developed as a first and salient clinical expression of right temporal lobe variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Only one patient affected by frontotemporal dementia has previously been shown to present with Geschwind Syndrome.MS presented at age 73 with 3 years of personality and behavioral symptoms. Her early symptoms primarily included hyper-religiosity, hypergraphia, and poor emotional regulation (irritability, impulsivity, disinhibition, egocentric behavior). Over nine years, other cognitive functions (word retrieval, memory coding and recall, set-shifting, famous face and building recognition) became affected; however, hyper-religiosity, hypergraphia, and scarce emotional control remained her most prominent deficits. Longitudinal cortical thickness and volumetric analyses revealed early atrophy in the right temporal pole, right amygdala, and right hippocampus, which progressively affected homologous regions in the left hemisphere. The present case describes an unusual clinical picture associated with frontotemporal dementia, in which the most salient symptoms originated and remained consistent with Geschwind Syndrome.



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Unilateral subthalamotomy in Parkinson´s disease: cognitive, psychiatric and neuroimaging changes

Publication date: Available online 27 June 2017
Source:Cortex
Author(s): Ignacio Obeso, Enrique Casabona, Rafael Rodríguez-Rojas, Maria Luisa Bringas, Raúl Macías, Nancy Pavón, Jose A. Obeso, Marjan Jahanshahi
Unilateral subthalamotomy is an effective treatment for the cardinal motor features of Parkinson´s disease (PD). However, non-motor changes possibly associated with right or left subthalamotomy remain unknown. Our aim was to assess cognitive, psychiatric and neuroimaging changes after treatment with unilateral subthalamotomy. Fourteen medicated patients with PD were evaluated before and after (mean 6 months after operation) unilateral subthalamotomy (5 right, 9 left). In addition to motor assessments, cognitive (global cognition and executive functions), psychiatric (apathy, depression, anxiety, mania, hypo- and hyperdopaminergic behaviours, impulsivity), quality of life evaluations and volume of lesions were obtained. After surgery, significant improvement of motor signs was observed. Unilateral subthalamotomy improved general cognitive status, but left subthalamotomy reduced semantic verbal fluency compared to the pre-operative state. Depression and quality of life were improved with both right and left subthalamotomy. However, hyper-emotionality was present after surgery and right subthalamotomy increased impulsivity and disinhibition (on NeuroPsychiatric Inventory and Ardouin Scale for Behaviour in PD), a result linked to larger lesion volumes. We conclude that unilateral subthalamotomy is effective for treating the cardinal motor features of PD and improves mood. Right subthalamotomy is associated with greater risk of impulsivity and disinhibition, while left subthalamotomy induces further impairment of semantic verbal fluency.



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Arcuate Nucleus Homeostatic Systems Reflect Blood Leptin Concentration but not Feeding Behaviour during Scheduled Feeding on a High Fat Diet in Mice

Abstract

Hypothalamic homeostatic and forebrain reward-related genes were examined in the context of scheduled meal feeding without caloric restriction in C57BL/6 mice. Mice fed ad libitum but allowed access to a palatable high fat diet for 2 h a day rapidly adapted their feeding behaviour and consumed approximately 80% of their daily caloric intake during this 2 h scheduled feed. Gene expression levels were examined during either the first or second hour of scheduled feeding vs. 24 h ad libitum feeding on the same high fat diet. Gene expression of neuropeptide Y, agouti-related peptide, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript, proopiomelanocortin, long-form leptin receptor and suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), and enkephalin, dynorphin, dopamine-2-receptor and dopamine-3-receptor in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in the forebrain were measured by in situ hybridisation. Mice fed ad libitum on high fat diet had the highest total caloric intake, body weight gain, fat mass and serum leptin, whereas schedule-fed mice had a mild obese phenotype with intermediate total caloric intake, body weight gain, fat mass and serum leptin. The effects of feeding regime on ARC gene expression were emphasised by significant positive or negative correlations with body weight gain, fat mass and blood leptin, but did not appear to be related to feeding behaviour in the schedule-fed groups, i.e. the large, binge-type meals, and did not reveal any potential candidates for the regulation of these meals. Mechanisms underlying large meal/binge-type eating may be regulated by non-homeostatic hedonic processes. However, assessment of opioid and dopamine receptor gene expression in the NAcc did not reveal evidence of involvement of these genes in regulating the large meals. This complements our previous characterisation of ARC and NAcc genes in schedule-fed mice and rats, but still leaves open the fundamental question about the underlying mechanisms of meal feeding.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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CXCR5+CD8+ T cells present elevated capacity in mediating cytotoxicity toward autologous tumor cells through interleukin 10 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Publication date: September 2017
Source:International Immunopharmacology, Volume 50
Author(s): Jiahong Tang, Jie Zha, Xutao Guo, Pengcheng Shi, Bing Xu
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, with limited treatment options in refractory and relapsed patients. Growing evidence supports the notion that CD8⁺ T cell immunity could be utilized to eliminate B cell lymphomas. CXCR5⁺CD8⁺ T cell is a novel cell subtype and share CXCR5 expression with CD19⁺ tumor cells. In this study, we investigated the frequency and function of existing CXCR5⁺CD8⁺ T cells in DLBCL patients. We found that DLBCL patients as a group demonstrated significantly higher level of CXCR5⁺CD8⁺ T cells than healthy individuals, with huge variability in each patient. Using anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated CD8⁺ T cells as effector (E) cells and autologous CD19⁺ tumor cells as target (T) cells, at high E:T ratio, no difference between the intensities of CXCR5⁺CD8⁺ T cell- and CXCR5⁻CD8⁺ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity were observed. However, at intermediate and low E:T ratios, the CXCR5⁺CD8⁺ T cells presented stronger cytotoxicity than CXCR5⁻CD8⁺ T cells. The expressions of granzyme A, granzyme B, and perforin were significantly higher in CXCR5⁺CD8⁺ T cells than in CXCR5⁻CD8⁺ T cells, with no significant difference in the level of degranulation. Tumor cells in DLBCL were known to secrete high level of interleukin 10 (IL-10). We therefore blocked the IL-10/IL-10R pathway, and found that the expressions of granzyme A, granzyme B, and perforin by CXCR5⁺CD8⁺ T cells were significantly elevated. Together, these results suggest that CXCR5⁺CD8⁺ T cells are potential candidates of CD8⁺ T cell-based immunotherapies, could mediate elimination of autologous tumor cells in DLBCL patients, but are also susceptible to IL-10-mediated suppression.



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A universal laboratory method for determining physical parameters of radon migration in dry granulated porous media

Publication date: October 2017
Source:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volume 177
Author(s): Yong-jun Ye, Yun-feng Zhang, Xin-tao Dai, De-xin Ding
The particle size and heaped methods of exhalation media have important effects on physical parameters, such as the free radon production rate, porosity, permeability, and radon diffusion coefficient. However, existing methods for determining those parameters are too complex, and time-consuming. In this study, a novel, systematic determining method was proposed based on nuclide decay, radon diffusion migration theory, and the mass conservation law, and an associated experimental device was designed and manufactured. The parameters of uranium ore heap and sandy soil of radon diffusion coefficient (D), free radon production rate (α), media permeability (k), and porosity (ε) were obtained. At the same time, the practicality of the novel determining method was improved over other methods, with the results showing that accuracy was within the acceptable range of experimental error. This novel method will be of significance for the study of radon migration and exhalation in granulated porous media.



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The EVerT2 (Effective Verruca Treatments) Trial: a randomised controlled trial of needling versus nonsurgical debridement for the treatment of plantar verrucae

Abstract

Background

Verrucae are a common foot skin pathology which can in some cases persist for many years. Plantar verrucae can be unsightly and painful. There are a range of treatment options including needling.

Objectives

The EVerT2 trial aimed to evaluate the clinical and cost effectiveness of the needling procedure for the treatment of plantar verrucae, relative to callus debridement.

Methods

This single centre randomised controlled trial recruited 60 participants (aged 18 years and over with a plantar verruca). Participants were randomised 1:1 to the intervention group (needling) or the control group (debridement of the overlying callus). The primary outcome was clearance of the index verruca at 12 weeks after randomisation. Secondary outcomes include recurrence of the verruca; clearance of all verrucae; number of verrucae; size of the index verruca; pain; and participant satisfaction at 12 and 24 weeks. A cost-effectiveness analysis was carried out from the NHS perspective over 12 weeks.

Results

Sixty eligible patients were randomised (needling group n=29, 48.3%; debridement group n=31, 51.7%) and 53 were included in the primary analysis (needling n=28, 96.6%; debridement n=25, 80.7%). Clearance of the index verruca occurred in 8 (15.1%) participants (needling n=4, 14.3%; debridement n=4, 16.0%, p=0.86). The needling intervention costs were on average £14.33 (95% CI 5.32 to 23.35) more per patient than debridement.

Conclusions

There is no evidence that the needling technique is more clinically or cost effective than callus debridement. The results show a significant improvement in pain outcomes after needling compared to the debridement treatment alone.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Prevention of Human Lymphoproliferative Tumor Formation in Ovarian Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Neoplasia, Volume 19, Issue 8
Author(s): Kristina A. Butler, Xiaonan Hou, Marc A. Becker, Valentina Zanfagnin, Sergio Enderica-Gonzalez, Daniel Visscher, Kimberly R. Kalli, Piyawan Tienchaianada, Paul Haluska, S. John Weroha
Interest in preclinical drug development for ovarian cancer has stimulated development of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) or tumorgraft models. However, the unintended formation of human lymphoma in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–infected human lymphocytes can be problematic. In this study, we have characterized ovarian cancer PDXs which developed human lymphomas and explore methods to suppress lymphoproliferative growth. Fresh human ovarian tumors from 568 patients were transplanted intraperitoneally in SCID mice. A subset of PDX models demonstrated atypical patterns of dissemination with mediastinal masses, hepatosplenomegaly, and CD45-positive lymphoblastic atypia without ovarian tumor engraftment. Expression of human CD20 but not CD3 supported a B-cell lineage, and EBV genomes were detected in all lymphoproliferative tumors. Immunophenotyping confirmed monoclonal gene rearrangements consistent with B-cell lymphoma, and global gene expression patterns correlated well with other human lymphomas. The ability of rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody, to suppress human lymphoproliferation from a patient's ovarian tumor in SCID mice and prevent growth of an established lymphoma led to a practice change with a goal to reduce the incidence of lymphomas. A single dose of rituximab during the primary tumor heterotransplantation process reduced the incidence of CD45-positive cells in subsequent PDX lines from 86.3% (n = 117 without rituximab) to 5.6% (n = 160 with rituximab), and the lymphoma rate declined from 11.1% to 1.88%. Taken together, investigators utilizing PDX models for research should routinely monitor for lymphoproliferative tumors and consider implementing methods to suppress their growth.



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Anti-RhoJ antibody functionalized Au@I nanoparticles as CT-guided tumor vessel-targeting radiosensitizers in patient-derived tumor xenograft model

Publication date: October 2017
Source:Biomaterials, Volume 141
Author(s): Sen Liu, Hui Li, Luyao Xia, Peipei Xu, Yin Ding, Da Huo, Yong Hu
The clinical success of radiotherapy is greatly hampered due to its intolerable off-target cytotoxicity induced by the high dose of radiation. Meanwhile, low dose of irradiation greatly potentiates the intratumoral angiogenesis, which promotes the local relapse and metastasis of tumor. Therefore, it is essential to reduce the irradiation dosage while inhibiting the tumor angiogenesis during radiotherapy. In this work, tumor vessel specific ultrafine Au@I nanoparticles (AIRA NPs) are fabricated and used as targeted radiosensitizers. Due to the presence of Au and iodine, these AIRA NPs exhibit superb X-ray attenuation for contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Once injected, these AIRA NPs bind specifically to both newly formed tumor vessels in peri- and intratumoral regions and pre-existing tumor vessels. Upon radiation under CT guidance, AIRA NPs remarkably enhanced the killing efficacy against tumors in vivo with respect to radiation alone or anti-angiogenesis chemotherapy. Meanwhile, down-regulation of the level of circulating VEGF cytokine further indicates that our strategy can eradicate tumor without risking the recurrence of hypoxia and angiogenesis. Our demonstration provides a robust method of cancer therapy integrating good biocompatibility, high specificity and relapse-free manner alternative to traditional metal NPs enhanced radiotherapy.

Graphical abstract

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Linker-free covalent immobilization of heparin, SDF-1α, and CD47 on PTFE surface for antithrombogenicity, endothelialization and anti-inflammation

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Biomaterials, Volume 140
Author(s): Ang Gao, Ruiqiang Hang, Wan Li, Wei Zhang, Penghui Li, Guomin Wang, Long Bai, Xue-Feng Yu, Huaiyu Wang, Liping Tong, Paul K. Chu
Small-diameter vascular grafts made of biomedical polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) suffer from the poor long-term patency rate originating from thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia, which can be ascribed to the insufficient endothelialization and chronic inflammation of the materials. Hence, bio-functionalization of PTFE grafts is highly desirable to circumvent these disadvantages. In this study, a versatile "implantation-incubation" approach in which the biomedical PTFE is initially modified by plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) is described. After the N2 PIII treatment, the surface of biomedical PTFE is roughened with nanostructures and more importantly, the abundant free radicals generated underneath the surface continuously migrate to the surface and react with environmental molecules. Taking advantage of this mechanism, various biomolecules with different functions can be steadily immobilized on the surface of PTFE by simple solution immersion. As examples, three typical biomolecules, heparin, SDF-1α, and CD47, are covalently grafted onto the PTFE. In addition to retaining the bioactivity, the surface-functionalized PTFE exhibits reduced thrombogenicity, facilitates the recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells, and even alleviates the inflammatory immune responses of monocytes-macrophages and is thus promising to the development of small-diameter prosthetic vascular grafts with good long-term patency.

Graphical abstract

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Construction of an alkaline phosphatase-specific two-photon probe and its imaging application in living cells and tissues

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Biomaterials, Volume 140
Author(s): Huatang Zhang, Peng Xiao, Yin Ting Wong, Wei Shen, Mohit Chhabra, Raoul Peltier, Yin Jiang, Yonghe He, Jun He, Yi Tan, Yusheng Xie, Derek Ho, Yun-Wah Lam, Jinpeng Sun, Hongyan Sun
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a family of enzymes involved in the regulation of important biological processes such as cell differentiation and bone mineralization. Monitoring the activity of ALP in serum can help diagnose a variety of diseases including bone and liver diseases. There has been growing interest in developing new chemical tools for monitoring ALP activity in living systems. Such tools will help further delineate the roles of ALP in biological and pathological processes. Previously reported fluorescent probes has a number of disadvantages that limit their application, such as poor selectivity and short-wavelength excitation. In this work, we report a new two-photon fluorescent probe (TP-Phos) to selectively detect ALP activity. The probe is composed of a two-photon fluorophore, a phosphate recognition moiety, and a self-cleavable adaptor. It offers a number of advantages over previously reported probes, such as fast reaction kinetics, high sensitivity and low cytotoxicity. Experimental results also showed that TP-Phos displayed improved selectivity over DIFMUP, a commonly utilized ALP probe. The selectivity is attributed to the utilization of an ortho-functionalised phenyl phosphate group, which increases the steric hindrance of the probe and the active site of phosphatases. Moreover, the two-photon nature of the probe confers enhanced imaging properties such as increased penetration depth and lower tissue autofluorescence. TP-Phos was successfully used to image the endogenous ALP activity of hippocampus, kidney and liver tissues from rat.



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Fibrillin-2 and Tenascin-C bridge the age gap in lung epithelial regeneration

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Biomaterials, Volume 140
Author(s): Sarah E. Gilpin, Qiyao Li, Daniele Evangelista-Leite, Xi Ren, Dieter P. Reinhardt, Brian L. Frey, Harald C. Ott
Organ engineering based on native matrix scaffolds involves combining regenerative cell populations with corresponding biological matrices to form functional grafts on-demand. The extracellular matrix (ECM) that is retained following lung decellularization provides essential structure and biophysical cues for whole organ regeneration after recellularization. The unique ECM composition in the early post-natal lung, during active alveologenesis, may possess distinct signals that aid in driving cell adhesion, survival, and proliferation.We evaluated the behavior of basal epithelial stem cells (BESCs) isolated from adult human lung tissue, when cultured on acellular ECM derived from neonatal (aged < 1 week) or adult lung donors (n = 3 donors per group). A significant difference in cell proliferation and survival was found. We next performed in-depth proteomic analysis of the lung scaffolds to quantify proteins significantly enriched in the neonatal ECM, and identified the glycoproteins Fibrillin-2 (FBN-2) and Tenascin-C (TN-C) as potential mediators of the observed effect. BESCs cultured on Collagen Type IV coated plates, supplemented with FBN-2 and TN-C demonstrated significantly increased proliferation and decreased cellular senescence. No significant increase in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition was observed. In vitro migration was also increased by FBN-2 and TN-C treatment. Decellularized lung scaffolds treated with FBN-2 and TN-C prior to re-epithelialization supported greater epithelial proliferation and tissue remodeling. BESC distribution, matrix alignment, and overall tissue morphology was improved on treated lung scaffolds, after 3 and 7 days of ex vivo lung culture. These results demonstrate that scaffold re-epithelialization is enhanced on neonatal lung ECM, and that supplementation of FBN-2 and TN-C to the native scaffold may be a valuable tool in lung tissue regeneration.



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Adipose-derived stem cell sheets functionalized by hybrid baculovirus for prolonged GDNF expression and improved nerve regeneration

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Biomaterials, Volume 140
Author(s): Mu-Nung Hsu, Han-Tsung Liao, Kuei-Chang Li, Hwei-Hsien Chen, Tzu-Chen Yen, Pavel Makarevich, Yelena Parfyonova, Yu-Chen Hu
Peripheral nerve regeneration requires coordinated functions of supporting cells (e.g. Schwann cells) and neurotrophic factors such as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), but nerve regeneration is usually far from complete. Here we constructed a Cre/loxP-based hybrid baculovirus (BV) vector which enabled intracellular formation of episomal DNA minicircle for effective transduction of rat adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and prolonged expression of functional GDNF capable of recruiting Schwann cells. The GDNF expression persisted for >20 days with the peak level (≈128 ng/ml) tremendously exceeding the picogram levels of GDNF secreted by neuroprogenitor cells. We further developed a facile method to fabricate and transduce cell sheets composed of undifferentiated ASCs in 2 days, without the need of thermo-responsive polymer commonly used for cell sheet fabrication. Implantation of the hybrid BV-engineered, GDNF-expressing ASCs sheets into sciatic nerve transection site in rats significantly improved the nerve repair, as judged from the enhanced functional recovery, nerve reinnervation, electrophysiological functionality, Schwann cells proliferation/infiltration, axon regeneration, myelination and angiogenesis. The hybrid BV is able to functionalize ASCs sheets by intracellular episomal DNA minicircle formation that circumvents undesired gene integration, and the ASCs sheets fabrication is rapid and simple. These data and features implicate the potentials of ASCs sheets functionalized by the hybrid BV for peripheral nerve regeneration.



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Histological case control study of peeling-induced skin changes of different peeling agents in surgically subcutaneous undermined skin flaps in facelift patients

A histological evaluation of peeling-induced skin changes in subcutaneous undermined preauricular facial skin flaps of 9 patients was performed. There were 3 treatment groups Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 25%, TCA 40% and phenol/croton oil; 1 group served as control. Two independent evaluators determined the epidermal and dermal thickness and the depth of necrosis (μm). The percentual tissue damage due to the peeling was calculated and a one sample t-test for statistical significance was performed.

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Cranial bone structure in children with sagittal craniosynostosis: relationship with surgical outcomes

Whilst spring-assisted cranioplasty has become a widespread technique to correct scaphocephaly in children with sagittal synostosis, predicting head shape changes induced by the gradual opening of the springs remains challenging. The aim of this study was to explore the role of cranial bone structure on surgical outcomes.

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The supraorbital region revisited – an anatomic exploration of the neuro-vascular bundle with regard to frontal migraine headache

Recent findings on the pathogenesis of frontal migraine headache support, besides a central vasogenic cause, an alternative peripheral mechanism involving compressed craniofacial nerves. Supported further by the efficiency of Botulinum Toxin injections as a new treatment option in frontal migraine headache patients.

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US guided wire localization of malignant melanoma subcutaneous metastases

The American joint committee on cancer defines in transit (IT) metastases as any skin or subcutaneous nodule that is more than two centimetres away from the primary lesion but is not beyond the regional nodal basin. IT metastases usually present as cutaneous or subcutaneous nodules, which may or may not be pigmented. Occasionally the nodules are impalpable and are only picked up following imaging, thus making it difficult to isolate them perioperatively.

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Proximate composition and mineral contents in the body wall of two species of sea cucumber from Oman Sea

Abstract

The proximate composition and mineral contents of Stichopus horrens and Holothuria arenicola from Chabahar Bay were analyzed and investigated. During the present study, we aimed to demonstrate the nutritive value. The approximate percent composition of moisture, protein, fat, and ash were 92.8, 3.47, 0.4, and 3.33% in S. horrens and 93, 4.4, 0.6, and 2% in H. arenicola, respectively. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry of the ashes indicated the body wall of two species of sea cucumbers contained higher amounts of both macro minerals (92.5 mg/100 g Mg in S. horrens and 115 mg/100 g Mg in H. arenicola; 106.25 mg/100 g Ca in S. horrens and 83.25 mg/100 g Ca in H. arenicola) and trace elements (521.781 mg/100 g Fe in S. horrens; 60.354 mg/100 g Fe in H. arenicola, and 0.096 mg/100 g Zn in S. horrens; 0.04 mg/100 g Zn in H. arenicola). For both species, there were high content of protein and essential mineral. Also, they have low content of fat in the body wall of two species in the experiment.

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Water dissociation on multimetallic catalysts

Publication date: 5 December 2017
Source:Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Volume 218
Author(s): José L.C. Fajín, M. Natália D.S. Cordeiro, José R.B. Gomes
DFT based calculations were employed in the study of the dissociation of the water molecule onto copper and nickel (110) and (111) surface models, incorporating two additional metallic elements, because it was found previously that metal alloying leads to strong synergic effects in the catalysis of this reaction. The dissociation reaction was studied on the Pt/Ru/Ni, Pt/Ru/Cu, Rh/Ru/Cu, Ni/Ru/Cu and Al/Zn/Cu combinations, in a total of 25 trimetallic surfaces. Very low activation energy barriers for the dissociation of water were calculated on several of the surface models, suggesting that multimetallic surfaces can be interesting alternatives for catalyzing the dissociation of the water molecule, which is a crucial elementary step in the water gas shift reaction. Encouragingly, the calculations predict a facile dissociation of the water molecule onto the (AlZn)@Cu(111) catalyst model which is in agreement with recent experimental studies where it was found that a Cu0.5Zn0.5Al2O4 spinel oxide catalyst holds improved activity for the water gas shift reaction.

Graphical abstract

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Effect of preparation procedures on catalytic activity and selectivity of copper-based mixed oxides in selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia into nitrogen and water vapour

Publication date: 30 November 2017
Source:Applied Surface Science, Volume 423
Author(s): Magdalena Jabłońska, Marek Nocuń, Kinga Gołąbek, Regina Palkovits
The selective oxidation of ammonia into nitrogen and water vapour (NH3-SCO) was studied over Cu-Mg(Zn)-Al-(Zr) mixed metal oxides, obtained by coprecipitation and their subsequent calcination. The effect of acid-base properties of Cu-Mg-Al-Ox on catalytic activity was investigated by changing the Mg/Al molar ratio. Other Cu-containing oxides were prepared by rehydration of calcined Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like compounds or thermal decomposition of metal nitrate precursors. XRD, BET, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, XPS, FTIR with adsorption of pyridine and CO as well as TEM techniques were used for catalysts characterization. The results of catalytic tests revealed a crucial role of easily reducible highly dispersed copper oxide species to obtain enhanced activity and N2 selectivity in NH3-SCO. The selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 (NH3-SCR) and in situ DRIFT of NH3 sorption indicated that NH3-SCO proceeds according to the internal selective catalytic reduction mechanism (i-SCR).

Graphical abstract

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Greenish yellow emission from wurtzite structured ZnS:Ce nanophosphor synthesized at low temperature

Publication date: December 2017
Source:Journal of Luminescence, Volume 192
Author(s): K.R. Bindu, E.I. Anila
Cerium doped ZnS nanoparticles were synthesized by aqueous colloidal precipitation method at 70°C and post sintering at 650°C. Their structural, morphological, and photoluminescence properties were investigated. Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction were used to determine chemical bonding and crystal structure of the synthesized nanoparticles. A phase transformation from cubic to wurtzite structure was observed due to sintering at 650°C. Scanning electron microscope revealed that the sintered particles exhibit uneven blocky particles with irregular shape. The band-gap of the nanoparticles was determined from diffuse reflectance spectrum. For the sintered ZnS:Ce nanoparticles when excited at about 350nm, in addition to host UV emission, transitions from ²D to both ²F5/2 and ²F7/2 levels of Ce³⁺ in ZnS lattice were observed resulting in a broad greenish yellow emission band centered at 538nm.

Graphical abstract

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NIR luminescent heterodinuclear [ZnII LnIII] complexes: Synthesis, crystal structures and photophysical properties

Publication date: December 2017
Source:Journal of Luminescence, Volume 192
Author(s): Nidhi Dwivedi, Sumit K. Panja, Abhineet Verma, Tomohisa Takaya, Koichi Iwata, Sailaja S. Sunkari, Satyen Saha
Two series of new 3d-4f heterodinuclear [Zn^IILn^III] Schiff base complexes of general formula [Zn(µ-L1)(µ-CH3COO)Ln(NO3)2(S)] [Ln = Pr (1), Nd (2), Sm (3), Gd (4); S = MeOH; H2L1= N,N-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)-1,4-diaminobutane] and [Zn(µ-L2)(µ-CH3COO)Ln(NO3)2(S)] [Ln= Pr (5), Nd (6), Sm (7), Gd (8), S= MeOH; H2L2= N,N-bis(3-ethoxysalicylidene)-1,4-diaminobutane] are synthesized and fully characterized. Complexes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 7 are structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The crystallographic investigation indicates that the complexes contain 9 and 10-coordinated Ln^III ions, while the Zn^II ions always display a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. The crystal structure of the complexes are stabilized by inter molecular extended hydrogen bonding and C-H····π interactions resulting in supramolecular frameworks. Luminescence studies for the heterodinuclear compounds containing Nd^III & Sm^III reveal that the Zn-complex moiety acts as antenna for the emission from Ln^III ions. In addition to the ligand-centered emission in the UV–Vis region, complex 2 (having Nd^III) exhibits emission in NIR region also, thus resulting a new NIR emitting material.

Graphical abstract

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Fathers' feeding practices and children's weight status in Mexican American families

Publication date: 1 October 2017
Source:Appetite, Volume 117
Author(s): Carlos Penilla, Jeanne M. Tschann, Julianna Deardorff, Elena Flores, Lauri A. Pasch, Nancy F. Butte, Steven E. Gregorich, Louise C. Greenspan, Suzanna M. Martinez, Emily Ozer
Mothers' feeding practices are associated with their children's weight status, but little is known about the associations between fathers' feeding practices and children's weight status. Moreover, there is a dearth of research on Latino fathers' feeding practices and children's weight status, even though Latino children suffer some of the highest obesity rates in the U.S. We examined the associations between fathers' feeding practices and child weight status, conditional on mothers' feeding practices, within 174 Mexican American families with children aged 8–10 years. Parents completed the Parental Feeding Practices Questionnaire, which consists of four subscales: positive involvement in child eating, pressure to eat, use of food to control behavior, and restriction of amount of food. To assess child weight status, body mass index (BMI) was calculated and converted to age- and gender-specific percentile scores (BMI z-score). We fit four sets of regression models, one set for each of the four parental feeding practices subscales, with child BMI z-score as the outcome variable. Fathers' pressure to eat (b = −0.20, p = 0.04; 95% CI: −0.39, −0.01) and use of food to control behavior (b = −0.36, p = 0.02; 95% CI: −0.65, −0.07) were associated with lower child BMI z-score, and restriction of amount of food (b = 0.56, p < 0.001; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.84) was associated with higher child BMI z-score, after accounting for mothers' feeding practices. Fathers' positive involvement in child eating was not associated with child BMI z-score. These findings provide empirical evidence that fathers' feeding practices are independently associated with children's weight status, even when mothers' feeding practices are taken into account, and suggest that fathers' feeding practices also matter in regard to children's weight status.



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Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 in a community sample

Publication date: 1 October 2017
Source:Appetite, Volume 117
Author(s): Ulrike Alexandra Ruzanska, Petra Warschburger
Intuitive eating is based on a strong physical connection with the body, aligned to internal cues of hunger and satiety, and a low preoccupation with food. The aim of this study was to provide a German version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) and to examine its psychometric properties with data collected from 532 participants aged 18–91 years. The IES-2 was translated into German following the World Health Organization guidelines (2016). Cronbach's alpha as a measure of internal consistency was 0.89 for the IES-2 total score, as well as 0.73 - 0.92 for the IES-2 subscale scores. For group differences, the results were as hypothesized: men had higher IES-2 scores than women, and participants with under- and average weight showed higher IES-2 scores than participants with overweight and obesity. Participants without a dieting history had higher IES-2 scores than former or current dieters. In line with our hypotheses regarding construct validity, the IES-2 score had negative associations with emotional eating, restraint eating, external eating, binge eating and eating disorder symptomatology, as well as positive associations with self-efficacy and mental health-related quality of life. Second-order confirmatory factor analysis replicated the four-factor solution, with intuitive eating as a higher-order factor. These findings demonstrate that the German version of the IES-2 is a useful tool to assess intuitive eating in the general German population.



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Is there an advantage in onset of action with mixing lignocaine and bupivacaine?

Ever since Lidocaine (lignocaine) was first synthesised in 1943 and Bupivacaine first synthesised in 1957, surgeons have been mixing these two local anaesthetics. Lidocaine with its shorter duration of action has been linked (inaccurately) with a more rapid onset of action while the longer duration of Bupivacaine has again been suggested to have a slower onset of action. This erroneous extrapolation has led to many mixing the two to have an anaesthetic solution which might have rapid onset and long duration.

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Systemic treatment for psoriasis and malignancies: A real risk?

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Autoantibodies in juvenile-onset myositis: Their diagnostic value and associated clinical phenotype in a large UK cohort

Publication date: Available online 26 June 2017
Source:Journal of Autoimmunity
Author(s): Sarah L. Tansley, Stefania Simou, Gavin Shaddick, Zoe E. Betteridge, Beverley Almeida, Harsha Gunawardena, Wendy Thomson, Michael W. Beresford, Angela Midgley, Francesco Muntoni, Lucy R. Wedderburn, Neil J. McHugh
ObjectivesJuvenile myositis is a rare and heterogeneous disease. Diagnosis is often difficult but early treatment is important in reducing the risk of associated morbidity and poor outcomes. Myositis specific autoantibodies have been described in both juvenile and adult patients with myositis and can be helpful in dividing patients into clinically homogenous groups. We aimed to explore the utility of myositis specific autoantibodies as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in patients with juvenile-onset disease.MethodsUsing radio-labelled immunoprecipitation and previously validated ELISAs we examined the presence of myositis specific autoantibodies in 380 patients with juvenile-onset myositis in addition to, 318 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, 21 patients with juvenile-onset SLE, 27 patients with muscular dystrophies, and 48 healthy children.ResultsAn autoantibody was identified in 60% of juvenile-onset myositis patients. Myositis specific autoantibodies (49% patients) were exclusively found in patients with myositis and with the exception of one case were mutually exclusive and not found in conjunction with another autoantibody. Autoantibody subtypes were associated with age at disease onset, key clinical disease features and treatment received.ConclusionsIn juvenile patients the identification of a myositis specific autoantibody is highly suggestive of myositis. Autoantibodies can be identified in the majority of affected children and provide useful prognostic information. There is evidence of a differential treatment approach and patients with anti-TIF1γ autoantibodies are significantly more likely to receive aggressive treatment with IV cyclophosphamide and/or biologic drugs, clear trends are also visible in other autoantibody subgroups.



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Implementation of a School‐Based Educational Program to Increase Breast Cancer Awareness and Promote Intergenerational Transmission of Knowledge in a Rural Mexican Community

AbstractBackground.Rural women have limited access to breast cancer education, which partially contributes to late diagnosis and treatment. In this pilot study, we tested the feasibility of implementing a school‐based breast cancer educational program for adolescents in a rural Mexican community. We hypothesized that the adolescents' knowledge on breast cancer would increase as a result of the program, and that there would be intergenerational transmission of that knowledge to their older female relatives.Materials and Methods.Female adolescents from a rural middle school received the educational program. The program would be considered feasible and acceptable if more than 75% reported being satisfied with its contents. Changes in knowledge in the students and their relatives were evaluated using baseline and 4 months follow‐up questionnaires.Results.One hundred twenty‐six students were enrolled. The program was considered acceptable by 96% of the participants. The students' knowledge regarding breast cancer increased significantly from baseline to 4 months follow‐up (63% to 82%). One hundred ninety‐four female relatives completed the initial knowledge questionnaires. The relatives' knowledge regarding breast cancer showed a significant increase from baseline to 4 months follow‐up (55% to 61%).Conclusion.Implementing breast cancer educational programs for adolescents in rural communities is feasible and acceptable. The program increased the adolescents' knowledge on breast cancer, and promoted the intergenerational transmission of that knowledge to their female relatives. Intergenerational transmission of knowledge represents a potential method for providing population‐based health awareness education globally.Implications for Practice.In limited‐resource settings, education is a valuable tool for achieving early detection and downstaging of breast cancer. Unfortunately, rural women lack access to educational opportunities and information about breast cancer, which is a factor contributing to late diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we demonstrated that implementing a school‐based breast cancer educational program for female adolescents in a rural Mexican community was feasible, acceptable, and increased their knowledge about breast cancer. Furthermore, the program encouraged the transmission of information to the students' older relatives. Intergenerational transmission of knowledge represents a novel and potentially effective tool in cancer education and promotion.

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Pregabalin for the Prevention of Oxaliplatin‐Induced Painful Neuropathy: A Randomized, Double‐Blind Trial

AbstractLessons Learned. Pregabalin is a medication that can decrease neuronal hyperexcitability, relieve neuropathic pain, and reach stable plasma levels after a titration period of only a few days.Its use during oxaliplatin infusions was not able to decrease the incidence of chronic, oxalipaltin‐related neuropathic pain, compared with placebo.Background.Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) receiving oxaliplatin (OXA) develop acute and chronic painful oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neuropathy (OXAIPN). Acute and chronic OXA‐related neuropathies have different pathophysiological bases, but both lead to a common phenomenon: central sensitization (CS) of nociceptive neuronal networks, leading to increased sensitivity (hyperlgesia, allodynia) in the somatosensory system, the common ground of chronic neuropathic pain. Because CS is related to increased risk of painful OXAIPN, we hypothesized that preemptive use of the anti‐hyperalgesic drug pregabaline (known to decrease CS) during OXA infusions would decrease the incidence of chronic OXAIPN.Methods.Pain‐free, chemotherapy‐naïve CRC patients receiving at least one cycle of modified‐FLOX [5‐FU(500mg/m2)+leucovorin(20mg/m2)/week for] 6weeks+Oxaliplatin(85mg/m2) at weeks 1‐3‐5 every 8 weeks] were randomized (1:1) into the study. Patients received either pregabalin or placebo for 3 days before and 3 days after each OXA infusion and were followed for up to 6 months. Clinical assessments were performed at baseline, at the end of chemotherapy, and after the follow‐up period. The main outcome was average pain at the last visit assessed by the visual analogic scale (0–10) item of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Secondary endpoints were presence of neuropathic pain according to the Douleur Neuropathique‐4 (DN‐4), pain dimensions (short‐ form McGill Pain Questionnaire [MPQ]), Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI), and changes in nerve conduction studies (NCS) and side effect profile.Results.One hundred ninety‐nine patients (57.0 ± 10.7 years old, 98 female, 101 male) were randomized. Data from 56 patients were not included in the analyses (as they did not receive at least one full cycle of modified FLOX). Data from 78 patients in the pregabalin group and 65 patients in the placebo group were retained for analyses. At the last visit, pain intensity in the pregabalin group was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.79–1.26), and 0.85 (95% CI = 0.64–1.06) in the placebo group, which did not reach significance. Scores from the BPI, MPQ, DN‐4, NPSI, and NCS and side‐effect profiles and incidence of death did not differ between groups. Quality of life (QoL) score did not differ between groups (placebo = 76.9 ± 23.1, pregabalin group 79.4 ± 20.6). Mood scores were not significantly different between groups (placebo 9.7 [8.1–11.2]; pregabalin 6.8 [5.6–8.0]).Conclusion.The preemptive use of pregabalin during OXA infusions was safe, but did not decrease the incidence of chronic pain related to OXAIPN.

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Immune‐Related Adverse Events as a Biomarker in Non‐Melanoma Patients Treated with Programmed Cell Death 1 Inhibitors

AbstractBackground.The programmed death 1 (PD‐1) checkpoint inhibitors (CKIs) can lead to immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). We sought to evaluate whether the development of irAEs correlates with treatment response in non‐melanoma malignancies.Materials and Methods.We conducted a retrospective study of patients who received anti‐PD‐1 CKI monotherapy at Fox Chase Cancer Center. Endpoints included overall response rate (ORR), time to next therapy or death (TTNTD), and overall survival (OS). Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression models were used to determine the association between irAE incidence and ORR, and Kaplan‐Meier curves with log‐rank tests and Cox regression models were used for the comparison of TTNTD and OS.Results.Between November 2011 and November 2016, 160 patients were treated with >1 dose of an anti‐PD‐1 CKI. Seventy‐three (46%) were treated on a clinical trial. Immune‐related adverse events were noted in 64 patients (40%), with steroids required in 36 (23%). Of the 142 patients evaluable for clinical response, 28 patients (20%) achieved a partial response at first scan. An association between irAEs and ORR was seen in clinical trial patients (p = .007), but not in non‐trial patients (p = .13). When controlling for clinical trial participation and cancer type using multivariate analysis, low‐grade irAEs had higher ORR (p = .017) and longer TTNTD (p = .008). No association between irAE incidence and OS was seen (p = .827). Immune‐related adverse events that required steroid treatment were marginally associated with increased TTNTD (p = .05, hazard ratio 0.62) but were not associated with OS (p = .13).Conclusion.We demonstrate several positive associations between the development of irAEs and clinical outcomes in non‐melanoma patients treated with PD‐1 CKIs, for which further validation is required.Implications for Practice.This study evaluated whether the development of immune‐related adverse events in non‐melanoma patients treated with programmed cell death 1 checkpoint inhibitors correlates with improved clinical outcomes. The results indicate that for a subset of patients, in particular those with low‐grade immune‐related adverse events, immune‐related adverse events predicted for an improved response rate and longer time to next therapy or death.

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