Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ CPAP ]

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ CPAP ]

Exposure to intermittent hypoxia and sustained hypercapnia reduces therapeutic CPAP in participants with obstructive sleep apnea

M El-Chami, S Sudan, HS Lin, JH Mateika - Journal of Applied Physiology, 2017

Purpose: To determine if exposure to mild intermittent hypoxia leads to a reduction in the
therapeutic continuous positive airway pressure required to eliminate breathing events.
Methods: Ten male participants were treated with twelve 2-minute episodes of hypoxia

Does untreated obstructive sleep apnea cause secondary erythrocytosis?

CD Nguyen, JEC Holty - Respiratory Medicine, 2017

... BMI Body Mass Index. CKD Chronic Kidney Disease. COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease. CHF Congestive Heart Failure. CPAP Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. CAD
Coronary Artery Disease. DM Diabetes Mellitus. OSA Obstructive Sleep Apnea. SpO 2 ...

Neonatal outcomes based on mode and intensity of delivery room resuscitation

A Bashir, B Bird, L Wu, S Welles, H Taylor, E Anday… - Journal of Perinatology, 2017

... necessary and mild stimulation. Noninvasive PPV was defined as continuous positive
airway pressure (CPAP) and/or ventilation via bag and mask or T-piece, and ETT
was defined as PPV via the ETT. Infants with attempted ...

[HTML] Retiro temprano vs. tardío del CPAP en recién nacidos prematuros de 26-30 semanas de gestación con antecedente de síndrome de dificultad respiratoria y …

GC González, L Betanzos, MOLE Avilés, EY Medrano… - … y Reproducción Humana, 2017

Resultados Se incluyeron 51 pacientes. Al retirar por primera ocasión la CPAP no hubo
diferencias en ninguna variable; sin embargo, los pacientes que ameritaron ventilación
mecánica por segunda ocasión, solo presentaron diferencias significativas en los días de

Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Versus Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Relating to Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema in an Intensive Care Unit

A Belenguer-Muncharaz, L Mateu-Campos… - Archivos de …, 2017

To compare the application of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) versus continuous positive airway
pressure (CPAP) in the treatment of patients with cardiogenic pul. ... 150±84 in CPAP, P=.02). The
rate of intubation was similar in both groups (9% in NIV vs. 9% in CPAP, P=1.0). ...

[PDF] Postoperative psychogenic respiratory distress mimicking laryngospasm

U Perera - Sri Lankan Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2017

... and no desaturation observed. She was taken back to the theatre and her ventilation
was assisted with a tight mask with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), airway
manoeuvres and 100% oxygen. There was no difficulty ...

Association between cord blood cystatin C levels and early mortality of neonates with congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract: a single-center, …

S Tomotaki, K Toyoshima, T Shimokaze, J Shibasaki… - Pediatric Nephrology, 2017

... lower in the non-survivor group and the rates of oligohydramnios and pulmonary hypoplasia
were significantly higher (Table 1). In the survivor group, 12 (18%) patients required mechan-
ical ventilation, five (8%) required continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support, 13 ...

The overlaps of asthma or COPD with OSA: A focused review

RL Owens, MM Macrea, M Teodorescu - Respirology, 2017

... Abbreviations: AASM, American Academy of Sleep Medicine; ACQ, Asthma Control Questionnaire;
AHI, apnoea– hypopnoea index; CIH, chronic intermittent hypoxia; CPAP, continuous PAP; DTC,
difficult-to-control; EDS, excessive daytime sleepiness; FEV1, forced expiratory ...

持续气道正压通气与口腔矫治器治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的 关系变化

王奇民， 姜明， 童磊， 刘文君， 郭庆园， 仇静， 杨芳… - 中国临床医生杂志, 2017

目的探讨持续气道正压通气（CPAP）与口腔矫治器（OA）治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气
综合征（OSAHS）患者关系变化情况。方法患有OSAHS患者47例,随机分为两组：A组
CPAP治疗21例,B组OA治疗26例,观察记录其治疗前、治疗... . ...

Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disorders in Parkinson's Disease

P Gros, A Videnovic - Current Sleep Medicine Reports, 2017

... EDS has been associated with a higher AHI in PD, and treatment of OSA with CPAP is asso-
ciated with reduced objective EDS in PD [52]. ... Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains
the main treatment modality for OSA in PD, similarly to the gen- eral population. ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ intitle:Bi

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ intitle:Bioprinting ]

Bioprinting of osteochondral tissues: A perspective on current gaps and future trends

IT Ozbolat - International Journal of Bioprinting, 2017

Abstract Osteochondral tissue regeneration has remained a critical challenge in orthopaedic
surgery, especially due to complications of arthritic degeneration arising out of mechanical
dislocations of joints. The common gold standard of autografting has several limitations

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΟΙΣΟΦ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΟΙΣΟΦΑΓΟΣ ]

[PDF] Η συμβολή των νοσηλευτών στον περιορισμό της χρήσης καπνού.

I Petridis, M Chleoua, Μ Χλέουα, Ι Πετρίδης - 2017

... το εμφύσημα, ο καρκίνος του πνεύμονα, οι καρκίνοι διαφόρων οργάνων του σώματος (ήπαρ,
ουροδόχος κύστη, οισοφάγος, λάρυγγας, στοματική κοιλότητα, φάρυγγας), χρόνιες πνευμονικές
και καρδιαγγειακές παθήσεις, και βλάβες στο αναπαραγωγικό σύστημα, που επιφέρουν ...

[PDF] Βιολογική εκτροφή μελισσών

ΔΣ Ζαχάρης - 2017

... στον φάρυγγα. Κατόπιν ακολουθεί ένας μακρύς οισοφάγος που οδηγεί στον πρόλοβο
και την κοιλιακή χώρα. Οι θρεπτικές ουσίες περνούν μέσω του πρόλοβου στο στομάχι:
εκεί πραγματοποιείται η πέψη και απορρόφησή τους. Το ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΑΠΝΟΙ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΑΠΝΟΙΑ ]

[PDF] Η συμβολή των νοσηλευτών στον περιορισμό της χρήσης καπνού.

I Petridis, M Chleoua, Μ Χλέουα, Ι Πετρίδης - 2017

Page 1. 1 ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΟ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΟ ΙΔΡΥΜΑ ΚΡΗΤΗΣ ΣΧΟΛΗ ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΜΑΤΩΝ ΥΓΕΙΑΣ
ΠΡΟΝΟΙΑΣ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΝΟΣΗΛΕΥΤΙΚΗΣ Πτυχιακή Εργασία "Η συμβολή των νοσηλευτών στον
περιορισμό της χρήσης καπνού" υπό ΧΛΕΟΥΑ ΜΑΡΙΑ ΠΕΤΡΙΔΗΣ ΙΩΑΝΝΗΣ ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ΓΑΣΤΡ

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ΓΑΣΤΡΟΟΙΣΟΦΑΓΙΚΗ ]

[PDF] Η συμβολή των νοσηλευτών στον περιορισμό της χρήσης καπνού.

I Petridis, M Chleoua, Μ Χλέουα, Ι Πετρίδης - 2017

Page 1. 1 ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΟ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΟ ΙΔΡΥΜΑ ΚΡΗΤΗΣ ΣΧΟΛΗ ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΜΑΤΩΝ ΥΓΕΙΑΣ
ΠΡΟΝΟΙΑΣ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΝΟΣΗΛΕΥΤΙΚΗΣ Πτυχιακή Εργασία "Η συμβολή των νοσηλευτών στον
περιορισμό της χρήσης καπνού" υπό ΧΛΕΟΥΑ ΜΑΡΙΑ ΠΕΤΡΙΔΗΣ ΙΩΑΝΝΗΣ ...

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Erythema multiforme triggered by imiquimod 5% cream

http://ift.tt/2u8rz0I

Dermoscopy of syringocystadenoma papilliferum

Abstract

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is a benign adnexal neoplasm frequently seen in association with other adnexal tumours. We report the dermoscopic features of three cases of syringocystadenoma papilliferum developing in naevus sebaceus. Clinically the lesions were characterised by exophytic papillary structures. Dermoscopically, polymorphous vessels were the prevalent feature.

http://ift.tt/2v78FEW

Heart Rate Variability Reactivity and New Romance: Cause or Consequence?

Publication date: Available online 10 July 2017
Source:Biological Psychology
Author(s): Laura K. Bailey, Ron Davis
There are documented physiological differences between single and coupled individuals during the "honeymoon period" of nascent romantic relationships. One such difference is in autonomic reactivity, specifically heart rate variability (HRV) reactivity. This finding had previously been interpreted as evidence of a stress buffering effect of relationship formation. The present study explored among university women two competing longitudinal hypotheses conceptualizing differences in HRV reactivity as either a cause or a consequence of romantic relationship formation. Results did not support the hypothesis that HRV reactivity changes as a consequence of beginning a new romantic relationship. Instead, lower HRV reactivity predicted greater relationship formation amongst women with low BMI and higher resting HRV. The functioning of the heart therefore predicted the likelihood that an individual would find love. These interactions may be the result of differing success rates of various mating strategies for women with low and high BMI and HRV.



http://ift.tt/2sKWe0A

Scholar : These new articles for Aging & Mental Health are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Aging & Mental Health and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Editorial Steve Zarit's Swansong Martin Orrell, Bob Woods, Kee-Lee Chou & Rebecca Allen Pages: 1-1 | DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1348485 Original Articles Sleep and mood changes in advanced age after blue-blocking (yellow) intra ocular lens (IOLs) implantation during cataract surgical treatment: a randomized controlled trial | Olivia Zambrowski, Elsa Tavernier, Eric H Souied, Thomas Desmidt, Amélie Le Gouge, David Bellicaud, Béatrice Cochener, Nadège Limousin, Caroline Hommet, Elisabeth Autret-Leca, Pierre-Jean Pisella & Vincent Camus http://ift.tt/2tICiNn Pages: 1-6 | DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1348482 A virtual reality intervention to improve the understanding and empathy for people with dementia in informal caregivers: results of a pilot study Eva M. Wijma http://ift.tt/2tINw4g, Marjolein A. Veerbeek http://ift.tt/2sZG0VB, Marleen Prins http://ift.tt/2tIPSjB, Anne Margriet Pot http://ift.tt/2sZIgvX & Bernadette M. Willemse http://ift.tt/2tICqfL Pages: 1-9 | DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1348470 Caring For Me and You: the co-production of a computerised cognitive behavioural therapy (cCBT) package for carers of people with dementia Susie A. Hales & Jane Fossey Pages: 1-8 | DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1348475 Anxiety, age, education and activities of daily living as predictive factors of the occurrence of frailty syndrome in patients with heart rhythm disorders Agnieszka Mlynarska, Rafal Mlynarski & Krzysztof S. Golba Pages: 1-5 | DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1348468 Reviews The effect of music therapy on cognitive functions in patients with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Laura Fusar-Poli http://ift.tt/2tIJoBe, Łucja Bieleninik, Natascia Brondino, Xi-Jing Chen & Christian Gold Pages: 1-10 | DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1348474 Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services FREE ACCESS to the TOP 2016 Volume Year Articles. Find out more To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

IL-17B: A new area of study in the IL-17 family

Publication date: October 2017
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 90
Author(s): Qingli Bie, Chengqiang Jin, Bin Zhang, Haixin Dong
The interleukin (IL)-17 superfamily, a relatively new family of cytokines, consists of six ligands (from IL-17A to IL-17F), which bind to five receptor subtypes (from IL-17RA to IL-17RE) and induce downstream signaling. IL-17A, a prototype member of this family, has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of allergies, autoimmune diseases, allograft transplantations, and malignancies. Unlike IL-17A, which is mainly produced by T helper 17 cells, IL-17B is widely expressed in various tissues. Recently, the biological function of IL-17B in diseases, particularly tumors, has attracted the attention of researchers. We previously reported that the expression of IL-17RB increased in gastric cancer tissues and demonstrated that IL-17B/IL-17RB signaling plays a critical role in gastric tumor progression. However, studies on IL-17B are scant. In this review, we detail the structural characteristics, expression patterns, and biological activities of IL-17B and its potential role in the pathogenesis of diseases.



http://ift.tt/2t8Itbv

Innate immunity related pathogen recognition receptors and chronic hepatitis B infection

Publication date: October 2017
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 90
Author(s): Reza Nosratabadi, Seyed Moayed Alavian, Mohammad Zare-Bidaki, Vahid Mohammadi Shahrokhi, Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
Innate immunity consists of several kinds of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), which participate in the recognition of pathogens and consequently activation of innate immune system against pathogens. Recently, several investigations reported that PRRs may also play key roles in the induction/stimulation of immune system related complications in microbial infections. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), as the main cause of viral hepatitis in human, can induce several clinical forms of hepatitis B and also might be associated with hepatic complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Based on the important roles of PRRs in the eradication of microbial infections including viral infections and their related complications, it appears that the molecules may be a main part of immune responses against viral infections including HBV and participate in the HBV related complications. Thus, this review article has brought together information regarding the roles of PRRs in immunity against HBV and its complications.



http://ift.tt/2tD5F5e

A founder mutation underlies a severe form of phosphoglutamase 3 (PGM3) deficiency in Tunisian patients

Publication date: October 2017
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 90
Author(s): Leila Ben-Khemis, Najla Mekki, Imen Ben-Mustapha, Karen Rouault, Fethi Mellouli, Monia Khemiri, Mohamed Bejaoui, Leila Essaddam, Saayda Ben-Becher, Lamia Boughamoura, Saida Hassayoun, Meriem Ben-Ali, Mohamed-Ridha Barbouche
Phosphoglucomutase 3 (PGM3) protein catalyzes the conversion of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcNAc-6-P) to N-acetyl-d-glucosamine-1-phosphate (GlcNAc-1-P), which is required for the synthesis of uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) an important precursor for protein glycosylation. Mutations in PGM3 gene have been recently shown to underlie a new congenital disorder of glycosylation often associated to elevated IgE. Herein, we report twelve PGM3 deficient patients. They belong to three highly consanguineous families, originating from a rural district in the west central Tunisia. The patient's clinical phenotype is characterized by severe respiratory and cutaneous infections as well as developmental delay and severe mental retardation. Fourteen patients died in early infancy before diagnosis supporting the severity of the clinical phenotype.Laboratory findings revealed elevated IgE, CD4 lymphopenia and impaired T cell proliferation in most patients. Genetic analysis showed the presence, of a unique homozygous mutation (p.Glu340del) in PGM3 gene leading to reduced PGM3 abundance. Segregating analysis using fifteen polymorphic markers overlapping PGM3 gene showed that all patients inherited a common homozygous haplotype encompassing 10-Mb on chromosome 6. The founder mutational event was estimated to have occurred approximately 100 years ago.To date, (p.Glu340del) mutation represents the first founder mutation identified in PGM3 gene. These findings will facilitate the development of preventive approaches through genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis in the affected families.



http://ift.tt/2t9fxA5

Protective role of surface Toll-like receptor 9 expressing neutrophils in local inflammation during systemic inflammatory response syndrome in mice

Publication date: October 2017
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 90
Author(s): Xiuping Meng, Wei Sun, Yunjia Ren, Yue Xiao, Peiyan Zhao, Wenting Lu, Li Hua, Luowei Wang, Liying Wang, Yongli Yu
Clinically, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) occurs after serious trauma or sepsis. In sepsis, neutrophils are the major effector cells responsible for eliminating pathogens. However, the role of neutrophils in development of SIRS, especially in local inflammatory area, is controversial. In this study, we established a SIRS mouse model characterized with cytokine-mediated lethal shock by intraperitoneal injection of oligodexynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG ODN) in D-galactosamine (D-GalN) sensitized mice based on our previous work and found that abundant neutrophils were rapidly recruited into the peritoneal cavity, where some neutrophils expressed surface TLR9 (sTLR9), defined as sTLR9⁺ neutrophils. Along with the progression of SIRS, the expression of sTLR9 in sTLR9⁺ neutrophils isolated from peritoneal lavage cells (PLCs) was declined in accompany with an increase in the level of the inflammatory cytokine TNFα and a decrease in the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in Ly6G⁺ PLCs. When using CCT ODN, an oligodeoxynucleotide with CCT repeats, which we have previously shown to be capable of rescuing mice from lethal shock, the expression of sTLR9 on neutrophils was significantly elevated. Adoptive therapy using early recruited neutrophil-rich PLCs containing sTLR9⁺ neutrophils that express high levels of sTLR9, could rescue mice from SIRS. Overall, the data reveal that the early recruited sTLR9⁺ neutrophils may, at least in the area of local inflammation, play a protective role during SIRS development and provide a method to rescue the patients with severe SIRS via the up-regulation of sTLR9 levels on the surface of neutrophils or via adoptive therapy with protective sub-populations of neutrophils.



http://ift.tt/2tDfXSE

The role of monocytes in models of infection by protozoan parasites

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 88
Author(s): Shanshan Hu, Wei Wei, Heinrich Korner
The confirmation of developmental differences between tissue macrophages and peripheral monocytes has changed our view of the functions and dynamics of these two important components of the innate immune system. It has been demonstrated conclusively that homeostasis of tissue resident macrophages is maintained by a low proliferative turn over. During an inflammatory response, bone marrow derived monocytes enter the tissue in large numbers and take part in the defense against the pathogens. After the destruction of invading pathogens, these cells disappear and tissue resident macrophages can be detected again. This new appreciation of the innate immune response has not only answered many outstanding questions regarding the role of the different myeloid cell types in inflammation, but also opened up new areas of research relating to the tissue- and pathogen-specific fate of the inflammatory macrophages or dendritic cells (DCs), and the transfer of this knowledge from mouse models to the human immune system. Nevertheless, there is still confusion in infection models, and especially in studies of human infections, as to what extent these recent observations and findings influence previous interpretations of data. This review will focus on insights from mouse models, summarize the literature on the ontogeny of macrophages and monocytes, explain the role of frequently used monocyte markers and effector molecules, and finally, discuss the role of inflammatory monocytes/macrophages/DCs in two experimental parasitic diseases.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2tCWzWc

Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle-encapsulated mesoporous carbon composite: An efficient heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for phenol degradation

Abstract

Magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticle-encapsulated mesoporous carbon nanocomposite was fabricated from Fe-based metal–organic framework (MOF) (MIL-102) through carbonization. It was found that Fe-based MOF (MIL-102) is a potential precursor for the fabrication of hexagonal mesoporous carbon nanodisk functionalized with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The obtained nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, N₂ adsorption and desorption, FE-SEM and HRTEM techniques. As a Fenton-like solid catalyst for phenol degradation, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle-encapsulated mesoporous carbon showed greater catalytic activity for the production of hydroxyl radical from the decomposition of H₂O₂ and it accomplished 100% phenol and 82% total organic carbon (TOC) conversion, within 120 min of reaction. This enhanced catalytic performance was due to confined access for the pollutant to the iron oxide nanoparticles provided by mesopores in carbon shell. Bare Fe₃O₄ nanodisk shows poor catalytic performance in the degradation of phenol, and it obviously reveals the significance of the mesoporous carbon support for iron oxide nanoparticles.

http://ift.tt/2ucPWv9

Developing the Brain – Early Illustrations of Cerebral Cortex and Its Gyri

Publication date: Available online 10 July 2017
Source:Pediatric Neurology
Author(s): Harry Sutherland-Foggio
Throughout the Middle Ages, most representations of the brain amounted to highly schematized ventricles housed within abstract squiggles of neural tissue. The works by the preeminent Flemish anatomist Andreas Vesalius in his De Humani Corporis Fabrica (1543) added considerably more accuracy and detail – still, his drawings of cerebral hemispheres do not exhibit the gyral-sulcal pattern recognized today. Identifiable cortical landmarks would not be featured in print until the English physician Thomas Willis's Cerebri Anatome (1664). Medieval doctors understood neurophysiology according to the cell doctrine, whereby the first cell (modern-day lateral ventricles) was responsible for sensation, the second cell (third ventricle) for cognition, and the third cell (fourth ventricle) for memory. Vesalius challenged this ventricle-centric model and resolved to portray physical form only, without the influence of conceptual function. A century later, Willis and his illustrator Christopher Wren, citing limited clinical evidence, proposed that the corpus striatum, white matter, and grey matter replace the three cells – finally allowing cortex a physiological rather than structurally supportive role. This relocation of executive function demanded the more meticulous rendering of the brain provided in the Cerebri Anatome. Thomas Willis produced anatomical drawings of the brain depicting previously ill-defined surface features as in Vesalius's Fabrica because of a paradigm shift in neurophysiology, emphasizing cortex over ventricles, not because of advances in techniques of dissection or illustration. Perhaps, as the study of the brain continues, another future revelation in neurophysiology will drive another unexpected, enduring change in the study of the structures of the nervous system.



http://ift.tt/2t8Ipsa

Development of a HS-SPME-GC/MS protocol assisted by chemometric tools to study herbivore-induced volatiles in Myrcia splendens

Publication date: 1 December 2017
Source:Talanta, Volume 175
Author(s): Érica A. Souza Silva, Giovanni Saboia, Nina C. Jorge, Camila Hoffmann, Rosy Mary dos Santos Isaias, Geraldo L.G. Soares, Claudia A. Zini
A headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was developed and optimized for extraction and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC) of leaves and galls of Myrcia splendens. Through a process of optimization of main factors affecting HS-SPME efficiency, the coating divivnilbenzene-carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/Car/PDMS) was chosen as the optimum extraction phase, not only in terms of extraction efficiency, but also for its broader analyte coverage. Optimum extraction temperature was 30°C, while an extraction time of 15min provided the best compromise between extraction efficiencies of lower and higher molecular weight compounds. The optimized protocol was demonstrated to be capable of sampling plant material with high reproducibility, considering that most classes of analytes met the 20% RSD FDA criterion. The optimized method was employed for the analysis of three classes of M. splendens samples, generating a final list of 65 tentatively identified VOC, including alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, phenol derivatives, as well as mono and sesquiterpenes. Significant differences were evident amongst the volatile profiles obtained from non-galled leaves (NGL) and leaf-folding galls (LFG) of M. splendens. Several differences pertaining to amounts of alcohols and aldehydes were detected between samples, particularly regarding quantities of green leaf volatiles (GLV). Alcohols represented about 14% of compounds detected in gall samples, whereas in non-galled samples, alcohol content was below 5%. Phenolic derived compounds were virtually absent in reference samples, while in non-galled leaves and galls their content ranged around 0.2% and 0.4%, respectively. Likewise, methyl salicylate, a well-known signal of plant distress, amounted for 1.2% of the sample content of galls, whereas it was only present in trace levels in reference samples. Chemometric analysis based on Heatmap associated with Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) provided a suitable tool to differentiate VOC profiles in vegetal material, and could open new perspectives and opportunities in agricultural and ecological studies for the detection and identification of herbivore-induced plant VOC emissions.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2ud1fUi

Hydrogen bubble dynamic template fabrication of nanoporous Cu film supported by graphene nanaosheets: A highly sensitive sensor for detection of nitrite

Publication date: 1 December 2017
Source:Talanta, Volume 175
Author(s): Mir Reza Majidi, Seyran Ghaderi
High surface area nanoporous Cu film (NPCF) has been successfully synthesized using a hydrogen bubble dynamic template on the graphene nanosheets (GNs) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The effect of different synthesis conditions such as applied potential and deposition time on the NPCF morphology was investigated. The structure and constituent of the NPCF-GNs/GCE were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical methods. The study on electrocatalytic performance of the NPCF-GNs/GCE demonstrated that this electrode has excellent catalytic activity toward nitrite oxidation. The quantitative measurement of nitrite by amperometric method showed a wide concentration range (0.1–100µmolL⁻¹) with a detection limit and a sensitivity of 8.87 × 10⁻⁸molL⁻¹ and 3.1 AL/molcm², respectively. The excellent electrochemical response and high sensitivity of the proposed electrode were attributed to the 3D structure of NPCF and the synergic effect of NPCF and GNs. Furthermore, this electrode showed some other advantages including good repeatability, high reproducibility, long-term stability and anti-interference performance toward nitrite sensing. The applicability of the proposed electrode was proved by successful determination of nitrite in real samples (tap water, river water and sausage samples).

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2ud73wW

Improved voltammetric method for simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh using second derivative signal transformation – application to environmental samples

Publication date: 1 December 2017
Source:Talanta, Volume 175
Author(s): Carlos E. Monteiro, Antonio Cobelo-Garcia, Miguel Caetano, Margarida M. Correia dos Santos
The determination of Platinum-group elements (PGE) in relevant environmental matrices is a challenging task. Sensitive and accurate analytical procedures for simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh are still needed. In this study, we report for the first time on the use of second derivative signal transformation to the ultra-trace simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh by Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (AdCSV). With that step, the ill-defined peaks typically observed in the original voltammograms are transformed into well-shaped peaks, resulting in accurate detection. The experimental conditions were investigated and optimised: a suitable electrolyte for both elements, with less reagents consumption, (0.25M H2SO4, 0.05M HCl, 0.01M FA and 0.5mM HZ), deposition time (td) and deposition potential (Ed). For td = 120s and Ed = −0.75V, linear relationships r > 0.999 were obtained in the concentration range up to 5.8ngL⁻¹ (27 pM) for Pt and up to 3.4ngL⁻¹ (34 pM) for Rh. Limits of detection were 0.2ngL⁻¹ for Pt and 0.08ngL⁻¹ for Rh. Lower values can be achieved by increasing the deposition time. Limits of quantification, LOQ, calculated as 3 times LOD, were 0.5ngL⁻¹ for Pt and 0.2ngL⁻¹ for Rh. The sensitivity of Pt was affected by elevated Zn concentrations, whereas a minor effect was observed for Rh. However, Pt and Rh determinations were not influenced using the standard addition method. Precision as intermediate precision and expressed as relative standard deviation, based on Pt and Rh spiked solutions and digested road dust CRM BCR-723 was 17% and 20% for Pt and Rh, respectively. Recoveries of CRM were around 90% for both elements. The method was successfully applied in the simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh in sediments from Tagus estuary and, for the first time, dissolved Rh was determined in water samples of a waste water treatment plant. Application of this technique in a multidisciplinary approach will be a relevant contribution to the current understanding of PGE cycle and fate in the environment.

Graphical abstract

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Oral reproductive and developmental toxicity of Lignosus rhinocerotis mycelium in rat

Publication date: 17 August 2017
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 208
Author(s): Bo-Yi Jhou, Hsiao-Hui Liu, Shu-Hsing Yeh, Chin-Chu Chen
Ethnopharmacological relevanceLignosus rhinocerotis (L. rhinocerotis), also known as the tiger milk mushroom, is widely used as traditional medicine and as soup ingredient in Malaysia and Hong Kong. It is edible and is used traditionally for the treatment of fever, cough, asthma, wounds, chronic hepatitis, gastric ulcers and cancers. In view of its safety profile, little information is found in scientific literature. The objective of this study is to investigate developmental toxicity of L. rhinocerotis in pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.Materials and methodsEighty pregnant SD female rats were used in this study for three treatment groups and a control group, each consisting of 20 pregnant female rats. Three doses of 850mg/kg/day (Low-dose), 1700mg/kg/day (Mid-dose) and 3400mg/kg/day (High-dose) were selected for the study, whereas 10mL/kg distilled water was served as the control. Examinations were conducted on pregnant rats and fetuses respects to mortality, body weight, body weights gains, food consumption and clinical observations. The pregnant females were gross necropsied on G20, followed by maternal and fetus examination, to evaluate the teratogenicity, reproductive and developmental performance of L. rhinocerotis mycelium.ResultsResults showed that no L. rhinocerotis mycelium-related animal death and abnormal clinical sign were noted. No statistical differences were noted in maternal mean body weight and maternal mean body weight gains. Some animals in the high-dose group appeared audible respiration due to dosing accident, it resulted in lower food consumption but not relevant to L. rhinocerotis mycelium treatment. In maternal gross necropsy, no L. rhinocerotis mycelium-related gross lesion was noted. In maternal examination, parameters of gravid uterus weight, implantation number, corpora lutea number, litter size, live or dead fetal number, male or female fetus number, resorption number, fetal sex ratio (M/F), pre-implantation loss and post-implantation loss were all within the normal reference ranges and showed no significant difference when compared to the control group. In fetus examination, including external, visceral and skeletal evaluations, there were no significant changes between any of the L. rhinocerotis mycelium treated groups and the control group.ConclusionsBased on the study results, the no-observable-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for pregnant female rats under the conditions of this study was 3400mg/kg/day.

Graphical abstract

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Acute, sub-acute toxicity and antioxidant activities (in vitro and in vivo) of Reichardia picroide crude extract

Publication date: 17 August 2017
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 208
Author(s): Sana Aouachria, Sabah Boumerfeg, Abderrahim Benslama, Faycel Benbacha, Thoraya Guemmez, Seddik Khennouf, Lekhmici Arrar, Abderrahmane Baghiani
Ethnopharmacological relevanceReichardia picroide is a species mainly used for alimentary purposes, but it is traditionally known to be used as hypoglycemiant, diuretic, depurative, galactagogue and tonic.Aim of the studyTo date, there are no studies corroborating both its safety and antioxidant activities. The objective of the present study, thus, was to assess the safety profile of Reichardia picroide methanolic extract (RPE) and as well as on its antioxidant and antihemolytic activities.Materials and methodsThe acute toxicity of RPE was carried out based on OECD guidelines 425. Signs accompanying toxicity and possible death of animals were monitored for two weeks to ascertain the median lethal dose (LD50) of the RPE. In sub-acute toxicity study, the extract was administered by gavage at the doses of 250, 500 and 1000mg/kg/day for 21 consecutive days. The antioxidant activity of RPE was investigated through various methods both in vitro and in vivo.ResultsThe admistrated doses did not produce mortality or changes in general behaviors of the tested males and females mice. The LD50 was found to be superior to 5000mg/kg DW. Moreover, daily administration of RPE at doses ranged from 500 to 1000mg/kg could result in alteration of liver and kidney histology. Significant decrease in liver enzymes (ALT and AST), urea and creatinine levels in female plasma was recorded. The RPE was, in vitro, strong in DPPH scavenging and hemolytic inhibition, benificial in lipid peroxidation inhibition and reducing power. In addition, it exhibited, in vivo, a strong effect on GSH level increasing and lipid peroxidation inhibition in liver and kidney.ConclusionsIt can be suggested, based on the results of this study, that the crude extract of Reichardia picroide was non-toxic in acute administration and the use of this extract is safe at doses ≤ 250mg/kg. This study supports the application of Reichardia picroides in alimentary and traditional medicine purposes. Moreover, antioxidant activity results suggested that Reichardia picroide had potent antioxidant activities and could be utilized as new natural antioxidant in food and therapeutics.

Graphical abstract

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A framework for the targeted selection of herbs with similar efficacy by exploiting drug repositioning technique and curated biomedical knowledge

Publication date: 17 August 2017
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 208
Author(s): Sang-Jun Yea, Bu-Yeo Kim, Chul Kim, Mun Yong Yi
Ethno pharmacological relevancePlants have been the most important natural resources for traditional medicine and for the modern pharmaceutical industry. They have been in demand in regards to finding alternative medicinal herbs with similar efficacy. Due to the very low probability of discovering useful compounds by random screening, researchers have advocated for using targeted selection approaches. Furthermore, because drug repositioning can speed up the process of drug development, an integrated technique that exploits chemical, genetic, and disease information has been recently developed. Building upon these findings, in this paper, we propose a novel framework for the targeted selection of herbs with similar efficacy by exploiting drug repositioning technique and curated modern scientific biomedical knowledge, with the goal of improving the possibility of inferring the traditional empirical ethno-pharmacological knowledge.Materials and methodsTo rank candidate herbs on the basis of similarities against target herb, we proposed and evaluated a framework that is comprised of the following four layers: links, extract, similarity, and model. In the framework, multiple databases are linked to build an herb-compound-protein-disease network which was composed of one tripartite network and two bipartite networks allowing comprehensive and detailed information to be extracted. Further, various similarity scores between herbs are calculated, and then prediction models are trained and tested on the basis of theses similarity features.ResultsThe proposed framework has been found to be feasible in terms of link loss. Out of the 50 similarities, the best one enhanced the performance of ranking herbs with similar efficacy by about 120–320% compared with our previous study. Also, the prediction model showed improved performance by about 180–480%. While building the prediction model, we identified the compound information as being the most important knowledge source and structural similarity as the most useful measure.ConclusionsIn the proposed framework, we took the knowledge of herbal medicine, chemistry, biology, and medicine into consideration to rank herbs with similar efficacy in candidates. The experimental results demonstrated that the performances of framework outperformed the baselines and identified the important knowledge source and useful similarity measure.

Graphical abstract

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Noninvasive assessment of cutaneous alterations in mice exposed to whole body gamma irradiation using optical imaging techniques

Abstract

We report the results of a study carried out to investigate the potential of optical techniques such as optical coherence tomography, Mueller matrix spectroscopy, and cross-polarization imaging for noninvasive monitoring of the ionizing radiation exposure-induced alterations in cutaneous tissue of mice. Radiation dose-dependent changes were observed in tissue microvasculature and tissue optical parameters like retardance and depolarization as early as 1 h post radiation exposure. Results suggest that these optical techniques may allow early detection of radiation dose-dependent alterations which could help in screening of population exposed to radiation.

http://ift.tt/2sZbBqz

FDG-PET/CT for systemic staging of patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer

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Dental patch testing in patients with undifferentiated oral lichen planus

Abstract

Background/Objectives

Distinguishing between oral lichen planus (LP) and lichenoid reactions to dental restorations can be impossible on clinical and histopathological grounds. Epicutaneous patch testing is an investigation that may guide patients and physicians in making timely and costly decisions to replace or cover existing dental restorations. This study aimed to assess the role of epicutaneous patch testing with a battery of dental allergens in patients with undifferentiated oral LP.

Methods

A retrospective review of the medical records of patients with biopsy-proven oral LP referred by an oral medicine specialist and who presented for dental epicutaneous patch testing at a dermatology clinic in Perth, Western Australia between 2009 and 2016 was performed.

Results

In total, 68 patients were included, of whom 54 (79%) had positive patch tests. Gold 26 (48%), mercury 24 (44%), nickel 22 (41%), copper 19 (35%), potassium dichromate 14 (26%) and methylhydroquinone 13 (24%) were the most common allergens for which patients tested positive. Hypothyroidism and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were associated with negative patch tests (P = 0.01 and 0.04, respectively). Smoking history, other medications and comorbidities, the location of the dental restorations and unilateral or bilateral disease were not significantly associated with the patch test results. Restorations were removed in 23 patients: 21 of these (91%) had positive epicutaneous patch tests. Of the 20 patients followed up, 19 (95%) experienced some improvement, among whom 11 (58%) had complete remission.

Conclusion

Epicutaneous patch testing disclosed a high proportion of relevant positives. This guided the clinical decision to change dental restorations, with high rate of clinical improvement.

http://ift.tt/2ucZE0G