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Τρίτη 30 Ιανουαρίου 2018
Scholar : These new articles for Activities, Adaptation & Aging are available online
Hepatic intra-arterial therapies in metastatic neuroendocrine tumors: lessons from clinical practice
Abstract
Background
Liver metastases are common in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), having a negative impact on disease prognosis. The options for selective therapy in patients with unresectable multiple liver metastases are limited to TACE (transarterial chemoembolization), TAE (transarterial embolization), or SIRT (selective internal radiation therapy).
Aim
To explore the clinical outcome, survival and safety of these therapies in NETs patients.
Methods
Retrospective case series of consecutive patients (mean age 56.6 years, 59% male) treated at two tertiary university medical centers from 2005 to 2015.
Results
Fifty-seven patients with G1, G2, and low G3 NETs with liver metastases were investigated (pancreatic NET (pNET), 24; small bowel, 16; unknown origin (UKO), 9; rectal, 3; lung, 3; and gastric, 2). Fifty-three patients underwent TACE, three patients underwent TAE, and one patient underwent SIRT. Clinical improvement and tumor response were observed in 54/57 patients (95%), together with marked decreased in tumor markers. The median time to tumor progression following the first treatment was 14 ± 16 months. The median overall survival was 22 ± 18 months, more pronounced in the pNET, followed by small bowel and UKO subgroups. There was a trend for a better survival in patients with disease limited to the liver and in whom the primary tumor was resected.
Conclusion
Hepatic intra-arterial therapies are well tolerated in the majority of patients with NETs and liver metastases and associated with both clinical improvement and tumor stabilization for prolonged periods. These therapies should be always considered, irrespective of the presence of extrahepatic metastasis.
http://ift.tt/2nmMSYr
Regenerable, innovative porous silicon-based polymer-derived ceramics for removal of methylene blue and rhodamine B from textile and environmental waters
Abstract
The presence of residual color in treated textile wastewater above the regulation limits is still a critical issue in many textile districts. Innovative, polymer-derived ceramics of the Si–C–O system were here synthesized in order to obtain porous nanocomposite materials where a free carbon phase is dispersed into a silicon carbide/silicon oxycarbide network. The sorbents were comprehensively characterized for the removal of two model water-soluble dyes (i.e., the cation methylene blue and the zwitterion rhodamine B). Adsorption is very rapid and controlled by intra-particle and/or film diffusion, depending on dye concentration. Among the nanocomposites studied, the SiOC aerogel (total capacity about 45 mg/g, is easily regenerated under mild treatment (250 °C, 2 h). Adsorption of dyes is not affected by the matrix composition: removals of 150 mg/L methylene blue from river water and simulated textile wastewater with high content of metal ions (2–50 mg/L) and chemical oxygen demand (800 mg/L) were higher than 92% and quantitative for a dye concentration of 1 mg/L.
http://ift.tt/2GvTviP
The effect of anthropogenic and natural factors on the prevalence of physicochemical parameters of water and bacterial water quality indicators along the river Białka, southern Poland
Abstract
This study was aimed to determine the anthropogenic and natural factors affecting spatial and temporal changes in the physicochemical parameters and bacterial indicators of water quality in the river Białka. The impact of intensive development of the tourist infrastructure on the quality of river water and the potential health threats to tourists was also assessed. Water samples were collected over a period of 2.5 years, once per each month in four sites along the river. Temperature, electrolytic conductivity, pH, and water level were measured onsite; flow rate data were acquired from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management; chemical analyses allowed to determine the amount of fourteen ions, while microbiological indicators included total and thermotolerant coliforms, total and thermotolerant Escherichia coli, and mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria. The combination of hydrological, hydrochemical, and microbiological methods generated large amount of data, which were processed by multivariate statistical analysis. A downstream cumulative effect was observed in the contamination of the river water. Fecal coliforms and E. coli were detected in all sites, suggesting the source of fecal contamination even in the protected areas. Intensive development of a ski resort and the related infrastructure, together with the need to accommodate numerous tourists in the examined region, has an evident environmental impact. The resulting deterioration of water quality poses health risks to tourists, as water from the Białka river is used for a variety of purposes, including as a raw drinking water or for artificial snowing of ski slopes. The seasonal changes in the physicochemical parameters mainly result from varying natural factors that shape the water quality in the studied region. The differences in the number of analyzed microorganisms result from seasonal variation in touristic activity and are affected mostly by point sources of sewage inflow.
http://ift.tt/2rPNpql
The spatio-temporal dynamic pattern of rural domestic solid waste discharge of China and its challenges
Abstract
At present, construction of rural domestic waste treatment facilities is seriously lagging, and in many cases, treatment facilities do not yet exist in some villages of China. Serious rural waste pollution has not only impacted the quality of surface water and groundwater but also the atmosphere and the living environment of farmers of China. There are relatively few studies of rural domestic waste pollution, especially with respect to the spatio-temporal dynamic pattern of rural domestic waste discharge. Using survey data and income per capita, we calculated rural domestic waste discharge per capita per day. From this, we calculated provincial rural domestic waste discharge. According to our study, rural domestic waste discharge was 1.42 × 108 t/year in 2000. This number increased to 2.3 × 108 t/year in 2006 and to 2.47 × 108 t/year in 2010. Rural domestic waste increased dramatically while the actual rural population and the proportion of the rural population declined. When examining the eight regions, the rural domestic waste discharge of northeastern China, Qinghai-Tibet, middle China, and southwestern China had increased dramatically, while that of northern China, southern China, and eastern China increased relatively slowly. The economies of northern China, southern China, and eastern China are more developed; their rural domestic waste discharge has been high since 2000 and has continued to increase slowly. In northeastern China, Qinghai-Tibet, middle China, and southwestern China, rural domestic waste discharge was low in 2000; however, in the ten-year period from 2000 to 2010, their rural domestic waste discharge increased dramatically.
http://ift.tt/2GwLREQ
Use of androgen deprivation and salvage radiation therapy for patients with prostate cancer and biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy
Abstract
Aim
Overview on the use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) added to salvage radiation therapy (SRT) for prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy.
Methods
The German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) expert panel summarized available evidence published between January 2009 and May 2017, and assessed the validity of the information on outcome parameters including overall survival (OS) and treatment-related toxicity.
Results
Two randomized controlled trials and nine relevant retrospective analyses were identified. The RTOG 9601 trial showed an OS improvement for the combination of 2 years of bicalutamide and SRT compared to SRT alone after a median follow-up of 13 years. This improvement appeared to be restricted to those patients with a prostate specific antigen (PSA) level before SRT of ≥0.7 ng/mL. The GETUG AFU-16 trial showed that after a median follow-up of 5 years, the addition of 6 months of goserelin to SRT improved progression-free survival (PFS; based on biochemical recurrence) as compared to SRT alone. ADT in both trials was not associated with increased major late toxicities. Results of retrospective series were inconsistent with a suggestion that the addition of ADT improved biochemical PFS especially in patients with high-risk factors such as Gleason Score ≥8 and in the group with initially negative surgical margins.
Conclusions
ADT combined with SRT appears to improve OS in patients with a PSA level before SRT of ≥0.7 ng/mL. In patients without persistent PSA after prostatectomy and PSA levels of <0.7 ng/mL, ADT should not routinely be used, but may be considered in patients with additional risk factors such as Gleason Score ≥8 and negative surgical margins.
http://ift.tt/2GwUdwo
How do dermarollers work?
Learn all about how to use dermarollers, and what effects they could have on the skin. We also look at things to consider when dermarolling.
http://ift.tt/2EoZmGk
Individualized Adaptive De-escalated Radiotherapy for HPV-related Oropharynx Cancer
Interventions: Drug: Cetuximab; Radiation: Radiation Therapy
Sponsors: University of Michigan Cancer Center; VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System
Not yet recruiting
http://ift.tt/2DNxFJV
An Observational Study to Evaluate Lymph Metastases and Prognoses of the Patients With Esophageal Cancer
Intervention: Procedure: Surgeries
Sponsors: Henan Cancer Hospital; LinkDoc Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd.
Recruiting
http://ift.tt/2npvf9B
Explore the Efficiency of Fiberscope-guided Nasogastric Tube Insertion
Intervention: Device: Fiberscope-Guided Nasogastric tube insertion
Sponsor: National Taiwan University Hospital
Recruiting
http://ift.tt/2DNxAWD
Adoptive Cell Therapy Following a Reduced Intensity, Non-myeloablative, Lymphodepleting Induction Regimen in Metastatic Ovarian
Interventions: Drug: Fludarabine; Radiation: Radiation; Biological: TIL administration; Drug: IL-2
Sponsor: Sheba Medical Center
Not yet recruiting
http://ift.tt/2nrkDad
The Pathological Spectrum and Clinical Correlation of Pigmented Purpuric Dermatosis– A Retrospective Review of 107 Cases
Abstract
Background
Various pathological findings have been reported in pigmented purpuric dermatosis, but their clinical significance remains unclear.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed demographics, clinical presentations, pathological patterns, and concurrent systemic diseases among biopsy-confirmed cases of pigmented purpuric dermatosis.
Results
A total of 107 cases were ascertained. Five major pathological patterns were identified: lichenoid (45/107, 42.1%), perivascular (40/107, 37.4%), interface (11/107, 10.3%), spongiotic (7/107, 6.5%), and granulomatous (4/107, 3.7%). Lymphocytic vasculitis was present in 17 patients (15.9%), and Langerhans cell microabscess was seen in 4 (3.7%). Nine patients had partial features mimicking mycosis fungoides but none were confirmed. The lichenoid, perivascular and spongiotic patterns correlated to lichen aureus, Schamberg's and eczematoid clinical variants, respectively. The interface pattern was associated with a higher risk of co-occurring with autoimmune diseases (18.2%, p=0.0280) and gout (27.3%, p=0.0180)
Conclusions
This study described the wide pathological spectrum of pigmented purpuric dermatosis among Asians. Physicians should be aware about the clinical and pathological variations to facilitate diagnosis.
http://ift.tt/2nv1OTF
Scholar : These new articles for American Review of Canadian Studies are available online
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Individualization of post-mastectomy radiotherapy and regional nodal irradiation based on treatment response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer
Abstract
Purpose
To review the evidence regarding post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) and regional nodal irradiation (RNI) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer, with a special focus on individualization of adjuvant radiotherapy based on treatment response.
Methods
A systematic literature search using the PubMed/Medline database was performed. We included prospective and retrospective reports with a minimum of 10 patients that had been published since 1st January 2000, and provided clinical outcome data analyzed by treatment response and radiotherapy.
Results
Out of 763 articles identified via PubMed/Medline and hand search, 68 full text-articles were assessed for eligibility after screening of title and abstract. 13 studies were included in the systematic review, 9 for PMRT and 5 for RNI. All included studies were retrospective reports.
Conclusions
There is a considerable lack of evidence regarding the role of adjuvant radiotherapy and its individualization based on treatment response after NACT. Results of prospective randomized trials such as NSABP B‑51/RTOG 1304 and Alliance A11202 are eagerly awaited.
http://ift.tt/2rQBgkX
Scholar : These new articles for Aphasiology are available online
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Scholar : Addiction Research & Theory, Volume 26, Issue 2, April 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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Scholar : Spanish Journal of Finance and Accounting / Revista Española de Financiación y Contabilidad, Volume 47, Issue 1, March 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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Pasireotide treatment reduces cardiometabolic risk in Cushing’s disease patients: an Italian, multicenter study
Abstract
Purpose
Patients with Cushing's disease (CD) experience metabolic alterations leading to increased cardiovascular mortality. Recently, the visceral adiposity index (VAI) has been proposed as a marker of visceral adipose tissue dysfunction (ATD) and of the related cardiometabolic risk. We aimed to evaluate the impact of 12-month pasireotide treatment on cardiometabolic risk in CD patients.
Methods
This is a multicentre, prospective, and observational study. Sixteen CD patients, referred to the Endocrine Units of the University Hospitals of Messina, Napoli, Padova, and Palermo (Italy), successfully treated with pasireotide for 12 month have been enrolled. In all patients, we assessed anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters and calculated VAI, ATD severity, Framingham, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores, before and after 6 and 12 months of treatment with pasireotide (1200–1800 mcg/daily).
Results
Before starting pasireotide treatment, ATD was present in 7/16 patients (mild in 2/16, moderate in 3/16, and severe 2/16). After 12 months of treatment: (i) 24h-urinary free cortisol levels (p = 0.003), BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p = 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.033), total-cholesterol (p = 0.032), triglycerides (p = 0.030), VAI (p = 0.015), and ATD severity (p = 0.026) were significantly decreased as compared to baseline; (ii) ATD was present in only 1/16 patients; (iii) prevalence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.015) and HbA1c levels (p = 0.001) were significantly increased as compared to baseline; (iv) Framingham and ASCVD risk scores were not significantly different from pre-treatment values.
Conclusions
Twelve-month pasireotide treatment significantly reduces VAI and ATD in CD patients. These positive effects on cardiometabolic risk occur despite no change in Framingham and ASCVD risk scores and the increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus.
http://ift.tt/2rOIki5
Iron doped fibrous-structured silica nanospheres as efficient catalyst for catalytic ozonation of sulfamethazine
Abstract
Sulfonamide antibiotics are ubiquitous pollutants in aquatic environments due to their large production and extensive application. In this paper, the iron doped fibrous-structured silica (KCC-1) nanospheres (Fe-KCC-1) was prepared, characterized, and applied as a catalyst for catalytic ozonation of sulfamethazine (SMT). The effects of ozone dosage, catalyst dosage, and initial concentration of SMT were examined. The experimental results showed that Fe-KCC-1 had large surface area (464.56 m2 g−1) and iron particles were well dispersed on the catalyst. The catalyst had high catalytic performance especially for the mineralization of SMT, with mineralization ratio of about 40% in a wide pH range. With addition of Fe-KCC-1, the ozone utilization increased nearly two times than single ozonation. The enhancement of SMT degradation was mainly due to the surface reaction, and the increased mineralization of SMT was due to radical mechanism. Fe-KCC-1 was an efficient catalyst for SMT degradation in catalytic ozonation system.
http://ift.tt/2FsDh8R
Influences of different lower cervical bone graft heights on the size of the intervertebral foramen: multiple planar dynamic measurements with laser scanning
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the influences of different bone graft heights on the size of the intervertebral foramen, which will help determine the optimal graft height in clinical practice. Six fresh adult cadavers were used, with the C5-C6 vertebral column segment defined as the functional spinal unit (FSU). After discectomy, the C5/6 intervertebral height was set as the baseline height (normal disc height). We initially used spiral computed tomography (CT) to scan and measure the middle area of the intervertebral foramen when at the baseline height. Data regarding the spatial relationship of C5-C6 were subsequently collected with a laser scanner. Grafting with four different sized grafts, namely, grafts of 100, 130, 160, and 190% of the baseline height, was implanted. Moreover, we scanned to display the FSU in the four different states using Geomagic8.0 studio software. Multiple planar dynamic measurements (MPDM) were adopted to measure the intervertebral foramen volume, middle area, and areas of internal and external opening. MPDM with a laser scanner precisely measured the middle area of the intervertebral foramen as spiral CT, and it is easy to simulate the different grafts implanted. With the increase of the bone graft height, the size of the intervertebral foramen began to decrease after it increased to a certain point, when grafts of 160% of the baseline height implanted. MPDM of the intervertebral foramens with laser scanning three-dimensional (3D) reconstitution are relatively objective and accurate. The recommended optimal graft height of cervical spondylosis is 160% of the mean height of adjacent normal intervertebral spaces.
http://ift.tt/2E0B9bk
Scholar : These new articles for Contemporary Music Review are available online
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The Patient Centred Assessment Method for improving nurse-led biopsychosocial assessment of patients with long-term conditions: a feasibility RCT.
This tool is feasible and acceptable for use by primary care nurses and has potential for encouraging biopsychosocial assessment of patients, but a full-scale RCT is not feasible.
http://ift.tt/2GvEz4g
Self-care support for children and adolescents with long-term conditions: the REfOCUS evidence synthesis.
Self-care support is associated with positive but minimal effects on children and adolescents' quality of life and limited reductions in emergency use.
http://ift.tt/2rP3e0t
Glycerol Phenylbutyrate (Ravicti) [Internet].
Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) result from genetic mutations that cause defects in any of the five enzymes of the urea cycle in the liver: carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS), argininosuccinate lyase, and arginase; in the co-factor producer N-acetyl glutamate synthetase; or in the ornithine transporter and citrin. The estimated incidence of UCDs ranges from one in 22,179 births to one in 53,717 births. The most recent estimate of incidence of UCDs for the US is around one in 35,000 births. It is estimated that approximately 11 new cases of UCDs will be diagnosed each year in Canada. The incidence of OTC deficiency (one in 56,500 live births) is higher than other UCDs. Deficiencies in the urea cycle may result in excessive ammonia levels due to impaired metabolism, which can be life-threatening and result in permanent neurological damage if left untreated. Treatment should be initiated as soon as a diagnosis of a UCD is suspected and should proceed simultaneously with the diagnostic evaluation.
http://ift.tt/2GwDk4K
5-Fluorouracil 0.5% and Salicylic Acid 10.0% (Actikerall) [Internet].
According to the British Association of Dermatologists, 15% to 25% of actinic keratosis (AK) lesions spontaneously resolve during a one-year period. However, AK lesions may develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) if left untreated. The rate of progression from AK to SCC is unknown. Mathematical models derived from a study predicted that for an individual with an average of 7.7 AKs, the probability of developing an SCC at the same or nearby site within a 10-year period is approximately 10. The risk of malignant transformation is higher in patients who are immunocompromised. In Canada, 74,100 new cases of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) and 270 deaths due to these cancers were predicted for 2011.
http://ift.tt/2rRcCkj
Scholar : Electric Power Components and Systems, Volume 45, Issue 17, October 21, 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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Scholar : International Journal of Heritage Studies, Volume 24, Issue 5, May 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
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Melanocortin overexpression limits diet-induced inflammation and atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- mice
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries. The disease is initiated by endothelial dysfunction that allows the transport of leukocytes and low-density lipoprotein into the vessel wall forming atherosclerotic plaques. The melanocortin system is an endogenous peptide system that regulates, for example, energy homeostasis and cardiovascular function. Melanocortin treatment with endogenous or synthetic melanocortin peptides reduces body weight, protects the endothelium and alleviates vascular inflammation, but the long-term effects of melanocortin system activation on atheroprogression remain largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effects of transgenic melanocortin overexpression in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice overexpressing alpha- and gamma3-MSH (MSH-OE) and their wild-type littermates were fed either a regular chow or Western-style diet for 16 weeks. During this time, their metabolic parameters were monitored. The aortae were collected for functional analysis, and the plaques in the aortic root and arch were characterised by histological and immunohistochemical stainings. The aortic expression of inflammatory mediators was determined by quantitative PCR. We found that transgenic MSH-OE improved glucose tolerance and limited atherosclerotic plaque formation particularly in Western diet-fed mice. In terms of aortic vasoreactivity, MSH-OE blunted alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction and enhanced relaxation response to acetylcholine, indicating improved endothelial function. In addition, MSH-OE markedly attenuated Western diet-induced upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (Ccl2, Ccl5 and Il6) that contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. These results show that the activation of the melanocortin system improves glucose homeostasis and limits diet-induced vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation.
http://ift.tt/2rPwapj
Attenuation of PERK enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets
PERK is a pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase. Its complete deletion in pancreatic β cells induces insulin deficiency; however, the effects of partial Perk suppression are unclear. We investigated the effect of partial PERK suppression using the specific PERK inhibitors GSK2606414 and GSK2656157. Low-dose GSK2606414 treatment for 24 h enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), islet insulin content and calcium transit in mouse (at 40 nM) and human (at 50–100 nM) pancreatic islets. GSK2606414 also induced the expression of the ER chaperone BiP and the release of calcium from the ER. When Bip expression was inhibited using a Bip siRNA, the GSK2606414-induced augmentation of the ER calcium level, islet insulin contents, glucose-stimulated cytosolic calcium transit and GSIS were abrogated. In both wild-type and insulin-deficient Atg7-knockout mice, 8 weeks of GSK2656157 treatment enhanced GSIS and improved hyperglycemia without affecting body weight. In conclusion, partial PERK inhibition induced BiP expression in islets, increased glucose-stimulated calcium transit and islet insulin contents and enhanced GSIS, suggesting that low-dose PERK inhibitors could potentially be used to treat insulin deficiency.
http://ift.tt/2Gr9C17
Management of comedonal acne vulgaris with fixed-combination topical therapy
Summary
Background
Acne vulgaris (acne) is the most common skin disease we see in dermatology practice. Clinically, it is characterized by a combination of open and closed comedones (formally referred to as noninflammatory lesions) and inflammatory papules and pustules. Comedonal acne is more typical in young adolescents, but can occur in combination with inflammatory papules and pustules at any time. Topical retinoids have long been advocated for the treatment of comedonal acne.
Aims
Given the increasing recognition of the inflammatory nature of acne and the synergistic benefits seen with fixed combinations we review the latest clinical data to provide guidance on optimal management of comedonal acne.
Methods
An English language literature search of Medline, EMBASE, and the Web of Science using key terms (acne, comedonal, noninflammatory, clinical trials) was conducted, and relevant articles reviewed.
Results
Comparative data is sparse, but we show the importance of fixed combinations with and without retinoids, where treatment benefits are comparable. Adapalene 0.1%-benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel has been shown to be comparable to clindamycin 1%-benzoyl peroxide 5% gel, and adapalene 0.3%-benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel. A meta-analysis suggested that clindamycin 1.2%-benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel was more effective than clindamycin-benzoyl peroxide 5% gel in noninflammatory lesions, and two equivalent clinical programs suggest additional benefits of higher doses of benzoyl peroxide (3.75% vs 2.5%) in this fixed combination.
Conclusions
Clindamycin 1.2%-benzoyl peroxide 3.75% gel may afford similar benefits to adapalene 0.3%-benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel in this sometimes difficult to treat patient population.
http://ift.tt/2nlZqPL
Initial validation of the Burden of Disease in Atopic Eczema instrument, a quality of life measure for adult atopic dermatitis
Abstract
The Harmonizing Outcome Measures for Eczema (HOME) initiative identified quality of life (QoL) as a core outcome domain that should be assessed in all atopic dermatitis (AD) trials.1 However, based on a systematic review of the measurement properties of QoL instruments, HOME could not reach consensus on which QoL instrument should be recommended for adult AD.2,3 In response to the need for a valid QoL instrument, we developed the Burden of Disease in Atopic Eczema (BODE) instrument.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2EoTrkq
Regulation, signalling and functions of hormonal peptides in pulmonary vascular remodelling during hypoxia
Abstract
Hypoxic state affects organism primarily by decreasing the amount of oxygen reaching the cells and tissues. To adjust with changing environment organism undergoes mechanisms which are necessary for acclimatization to hypoxic stress. Pulmonary vascular remodelling is one such mechanism controlled by hormonal peptides present in blood circulation for acclimatization. Activation of peptides regulates constriction and relaxation of blood vessels of pulmonary and systemic circulation. Thus, understanding of vascular tone maintenance and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction like pathophysiological condition during hypoxia is of prime importance. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and renin angiotensin system (RAS) function, their receptor functioning and signalling during hypoxia in different body parts point them as disease markers. In vivo and in vitro studies have helped understanding the mechanism of hormonal peptides for better acclimatization to hypoxic stress and interventions for better management of vascular remodelling in different models like cell, rat, and human is discussed in this review.
http://ift.tt/2Em5L4M
Fungi extracellular enzyme-containing microcapsules enhance degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics in mangrove sediments
Abstract
Mangroves represent a special coastal vegetation along the coastlines of tropical and subtropical regions. Sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) are the most commonly used antibiotics. The application of white-rot fungi extracellular enzyme-containing microcapsules (MC) for aerobic degradation of SAs in mangrove sediments was investigated in this study. Degradation of three SAs, sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfadimethoxine (SDM), and sulfamethazine (SMZ), was enhanced by adding MC to the sediments. The order of SA degradation in batch experiments was SMX > SDM > SMZ. Bioreactor experiments revealed that SA removal rates were higher with than without MC. The enhanced SA removal rates with MC persisted with three re-additions of SAs. Thirteen bacteria genera (Achromobacter, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Aquamicrobium, Arthrobacter, Brevundimonas, Flavobacterium, Methylobacterium, Microbacterium, Oligotropha, Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, and Rhodococcus) were identified to be associated with SA degradation in mangrove sediments by combination of next-generation sequencing, bacterial strain isolation, and literature search results. Results of this study suggest that MC could be used for SA removal in mangrove sediments.
http://ift.tt/2Ftm2V6
Assessment of sulforaphane-induced protective mechanisms against cadmium toxicity in human mesenchymal stem cells
Abstract
Cd is a hazardous substance and carcinogen that is present in the environment; it is known to cause toxic effects in living organisms. Sulforaphane is a naturally available phytochemical with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic properties. However, the effects of sulforaphane on Cd toxicity in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are unknown. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of the effects of sulforaphane on Cd toxicity in hMSCs by using MTT assays, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, Hoechst staining, LysoRed staining, assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential, and gene expression analysis. Cd decreased hMSC viability in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 56.5 μM. However, sulforaphane did not induce any significant reduction in cell viability. Nuclear morphological analysis revealed that Cd induced necrotic cell death. Additionally, Cd caused mitochondrial membrane potential loss in hMSCs. The treatment of Cd-exposed cells with sulforaphane (Cd-sulforaphane co-treatment) resulted in a significant recovery of the cell viability and nuclear morphological changes compared with that of cells treated with Cd only. The gene expression pattern of cells co-treated with Cd-sulforaphane was markedly different from that of Cd-treated cells, owing to the reduction in Cd toxicity. Our results clearly indicated that sulforaphane reduced Cd-induced toxic effects in hMSCs. Overall, the results of our study suggested that sulforaphane-rich vegetables and fruits can help to improve human health through amelioration of the molecular effects of Cd poisoning.
http://ift.tt/2DYmnBP
Pancreaticoportal Fistula Formation as a Consequence of Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis: Clinical and Imaging Considerations
Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2018 8(1):4-4
A pancreatic-portal vein fistula (PPVF) is an extremely rare complication of pancreatitis. In this report, we present a patient with a PPVF in the setting of recurrent pancreatitis and portal vein thrombosis diagnosed by cross-sectional imaging and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography, who responded to medical management and anticoagulation. A critical review of this disease process is explored to highlight pathology, imaging characteristics, and essential alternative diagnostic considerations. We also discuss potential complications and current treatment strategies. PPVFs pose a unique diagnostic challenge and awareness of its clinical presentation can further improve patient outcomes.
http://ift.tt/2Fseq5c
Plexiform Neurofibroma in the Axilla with Intraosseous Neurofibroma in the Humerus in Neurofibromatosis 5
Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2018 8(1):3-3
Segmental neurofibromatosis type 5 (NF5) is a rare form of NF, in which the cutaneous and/or neural changes are confined to one region of the body. It is often underdiagnosed or undetected due to the absence of symptoms. Inheritance of NF is different from other types of NF. Intraosseous neurofibromas are rare tumors which develop from nerves supplying the periosteum or nerves following the intraosseous course. Plexiform neurofibroma with associated intraosseous neurofibroma is extremely rare. We report a case of plexiform neurofibroma in the left axilla of a 17-year-old female with associated intraosseous neurofibroma in adjoining left humerus.
http://ift.tt/2DUoXsT
Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography–Supervised Biopsy
http://ift.tt/2Fvyeod
First Safety and Performance Evaluation of T45K, a Self-Assembling Peptide Barrier Hemostatic Device, After Skin Lesion Excision
http://ift.tt/2Fu2506
A Single Center, Prospective, Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Double-Blinded, Split-Face Trial Using Microinjections of Transparent Hyaluronic Acid Gel for Cheek Rejuvenation
http://ift.tt/2DZfK28
The Effects of Postoperative Intralesional Corticosteroids in the Prevention of Recurrent Earlobe Keloids: A Multispecialty Retrospective Review
http://ift.tt/2DUmZsv
miR15a and miR16 in Chilean type 1 diabetes patients: possible association with apoptosis, inflammatory, or autoimmunity markers
Abstract
Aim
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the progressive destruction of β cells, mediated by the interaction between T cells and several cytokines. The pathogenesis of T1D has established its possible relationship with miRNAs. In this study, we analyze the expression profile of miR-15a and miR-16 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and their possible association with apoptosis, inflammation, or autoimmunity markers.
Patients and methodology
38 T1D patients and 41 control subjects were recruited. mRNAs were analyzed by means of qPCR and TaqMan probes. PBMCs were treated with different concentrations of glucose (baseline, 11 and 25 mM) with or without an inflammatory stimulus as TNF-α (10 ng/ml).
Results
A decrease in the levels of the miR-15a expression in basal conditions is observed in T1D patients compared to healthy control subjects (relative units 0.5 vs. 1.8, p < 0.05). This change in miR-15a and miR-16 is not affected by the addition of TNF-α. No association is observed with inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, vCAM) or apoptosis (bcl2 expression). The relationship with immunological markers shows an interaction effect between miR16 and IA-2 (p < 0.03).
Conclusion
TNF-α does not affect the expression profile of miR-15a and miR16 in PBMCs. A weak correlation is observed between miR-16 and with the autoimmunity profile (IA-2 autoantibody).
http://ift.tt/2Fu0mrE
Acne and hidradenitis suppurativa
Summary
Acne and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) both centre on hair follicles. They often occur together as part of the acne tetrad, but are found in distinct localizations. Acne is primarily defined by the presence of comedones and inflammatory lesions. However, in HS the intertriginous localization and chronicity play equally important roles for the diagnosis to the inflammatory lesions. Genetics, bacteria, environmental factors and innate inflammation have all been found to play a role in acne and/or HS. Surprisingly, there is little overlap between the findings so far. The genetics of acne and HS are distinct, bacteria have not been shown convincingly to play a role in HS, and the important risk factors obesity and smoking in HS cannot be easily translated to acne. The one driving factor central to both diseases is innate inflammation, most strikingly involving interleukin-1. Hence the interleukin-1 family, as already shown in autoinflammatory conditions associated with acne, could represent attractive treatment targets.
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Retrospective study: Rapamycin or rapalog 0.1% cream for facial angiofibromas in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Evaluation of treatment effectiveness and cost
Abstract
The use of topical rapamycin or rapalog, an mTOR inhibitor, has shown promising results in treating facial angiofibromas (FA) in children with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC). Nevertheless, several issues remain: the effectiveness, stability and tolerability of ingredients; and the cost - the higher the concentration of rapamycin the more expensive the product. In this retrospective comparative study, children with TSC and FA were treated consecutively with three different topical rapalog compounds of 0.1%, the lowest concentration with crushed tablets to demonstrate an effect.
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Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ωτα ] [HTML] Gender, identity and material: Film screening C Brand - 2017 ftypM4V *M4V M4A mp42isom*a┌moovlmvhd...
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Publication date: September 2017 Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 110 Author(s): Lucía Fernández-del-Río, Anish Nag, Elen...
