Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an increasingly prevalent sleep disorder characterized by upper airway obstruction during sleep, resulting in breathing pauses, intermittent hypoxia, and fragmented sleep. In parallel, the constellation of adverse health outcomes associated with prolonged obesity, such as insulin resistance, elevated blood pressure, triglycerides, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol – termed metabolic syndrome –raises the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality.
https://ift.tt/2MImKFY
Δευτέρα 3 Σεπτεμβρίου 2018
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Metabolic Syndrome: The Road to Clinically-Meaningful Phenotyping, Improved Prognosis, and Personalized Treatment
Probabilistic risk assessment (Monte Carlo simulation method) of Pb and Cd in the onion bulb (Allium cepa) and soil of Iran
Abstract
Recently, the exposure to heavy metals through the consumption of vegetables has become a global concern. In this regard, the current study was aimed to measure the concentrations of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in the collected onion bulb samples as well as the surrounded soil using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). Additionally, the target hazard quotient (THQ) for males and females in all age groups of consumers were estimated by using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) method. Furthermore, the soil threshold values (STVs) were evaluated to investigate the heavy metal contents in the soil based on the established standard limits. In this context, 45 onion bulbs (HashtBandi region, 25 and Ravang region, 20) and 41 soil (HashtBandi region, 21 and Ravang region, 20) samples were collected (March–May of 2016). The average concentrations of Pb in the onions from HashtBandi and Ravang regions were determined as 0.0052 ± 0.0011 and 0.0061 ± 0.0022 mg/kg, and for Cd were 0.0095 ± 0.0024 and 0.0011 ± 0.0035 mg/kg, respectively. The average concentration of Pb in the soil from HashtBandi and Ravang regions were measured as 3.99 ± 3.77 and 2.03 ± 0.69 mg/kg, and for Cd, the corresponding values were determined as 2.21 ± 3.17 and 2.22 ± 0.92 mg/kg, respectively. The average concentration of Pb and Cd in both investigated onion bulb and soil were lower than Iranian national (onion bulb: Pb = 0.1 mg/kg, Cd = 0.05 mg/kg) and FAO/WHO (onion bulb: Pb = 0.3 mg/kg, Cd = 0.1 mg/kg; soil: Pb = 50 mg/kg, Cd = 0.3 mg/kg) standard limits. Moreover, the THQ and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) for males and females in all age groups were less than 1 value. Therefore, no risk of the exposure to Pb and Cd as result of onion bulb consumption was reported. STVs for Pb and Cd in the HashtBandi region were calculated as 3.99 and 2.21 mg/kg, and Ravang as 2.03 and 2.22 mg/kg, respectively. Due to the higher calculated STVs for Cd while compared with the established standard limit for the soil, the further revisions regarding the heavy metal standard limits in the soil were recommended.
https://ift.tt/2oCLBwx
The effect of ICT, financial development, growth, and trade openness on CO 2 emissions: an empirical analysis
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of Internet use, financial development, economic growth, and trade openness on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in selected European Union (EU) countries. To this end, pooled mean group (PMG) estimator is utilized for panel data from 2001 to 2014. Empirical findings suggest that Internet use has long-run relationship with CO2 emissions and lowering the environmental quality in EU countries. Also, the electricity consumption has a positive and significant effect on CO2 emissions. Moreover, interestingly, economic growth and financial development have a diminishing negative impact on CO2 emission. Heterogeneous panel Granger causality results suggest unidirectional causality running from Internet use to CO2 emissions. The finding implies that the European Union countries did not achieve the level of green information and telecommunication (ICTs) consumption. Overall, the innovative findings indicate that Internet use is raising the threat to the sustainable development. Thus, to curb and mitigate CO2 emissions from Internet use and electricity consumption is the need of time to maintain the sustainable development in EU countries.
https://ift.tt/2oCtve5
Effects of Microcystis aeruginosa on the life history traits and SOD activity of Daphnia similoides sinensis
Abstract
With water eutrophication and global warming, cyanobacteria blooms have occurred frequently, and the interaction between M. aeruginosa and Daphnia has been widely paid attention by researchers. However, the effects of toxic M. aeruginosa on the SOD activity of Daphnia are poorly known. Six D. similoides sinensis clones collected from Lake Junshan and the offspring of two clones were employed. The effects of toxic M. aeruginosa on the life history traits and SOD activities of D. similoides sinensis in the mother and their offspring were studied. Toxic M. aeruginosa could significantly inhibit the life history traits (e.g., body lengths, offspring numbers at first reproduction, cumulative offspring numbers, and the intrinsic rate of population) and induce higher SOD activities of D. similoides sinensis. Compared with the mother, the effects of toxic M. aeruginosa on the life history traits and SOD activities of D. similoides sinensis in the offspring showed obvious differences. Moreover, the adaptability of the offspring to M. aeruginosa indicated also the differences between two clones. Our results suggested that the mother exposed to toxic M. aeruginosa could enhance the fitness of their offspring to Microcystis by maternal effect and was also affected by the D. similoides sinensis genotypes.
https://ift.tt/2wFWD8w
Rarasaponin-bentonite-activated biochar from durian shells composite for removal of crystal violet and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution
Abstract
This paper presents the preparation of composite material and its application for the adsorption of crystal violet and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution onto acid-activated bentonite (AAB) and rarasaponin–bentonite-activated biochar from durian shells composite (RBAB). The influence of initial pH of the solution and the temperature of adsorption on the adsorbents adsorption performance was also studied. Langmuir and Freundlich models could represent the adsorption equilibria equally well. Thermodynamic parameters such as ∆G°, ∆H°, and ∆S° were evaluated based on the adsorption isotherms. The values of ∆G°, ∆H°, and ∆S° for crystal violet adsorption system demonstrate behavior contrary to the Cr(VI) adsorption system. Where crystal violet adsorption is preferred at high temperatures with qmax, value is 518.64 mg/L; while adsorption Cr(VI) is better at low temperature with qmax, value is 106.30 mg/L. Pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models could represent the kinetic data well.
https://ift.tt/2LRIXfA
A dense mapping study of six European AITD susceptibility regions in a large Chinese Han Cohort of Graves’ disease
Clinical Endocrinology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
https://ift.tt/2CdUWnZ
Thyrotoxicosis after iodine fortification. A 21 year Danish population based study
Clinical Endocrinology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
https://ift.tt/2wCt2wE
Role of cytochrome c in modulating chromium-induced oxidative stress in Oryza sativa
Abstract
Cytochrome c (CYTc) is one of the redox-active molecules responsible for electron transport in plant mitochondria. It is important in the interaction of metal ions with mitochondrial proteome, it is also essential for insights into electron transport during oxidative stress. This study focused on the clarification of interactions of CYTc with metal accumulation and associated modulation of CYTc with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in rice seedlings exposed to chromium either hexavalent Cr(VI) or trivalent Cr(III). The result indicates that exposures to both Cr species resulted in significant accumulation of Cr in rice tissues. ROS-dependent growth inhibition of rice seedlings was also evident from both Cr treatments. Changes of CYTc content in roots and shoots maintained almost the same pattern after both Cr exposures. However, dynamically transcriptional levels of rice CYTc genes conducted by real-time quantitative RT-PCR were inconsistent in rice tissues. The results presented here demonstrate that oxidative stresses induced by ROS accumulation do not equally and/or detrimentally influence the perturbations of CYTc content and expression patterns of CYTc genes in rice tissues after Cr exposure, suggesting that the decrease of CYTc levels in roots did not originate ROS accumulation, it may be due to metal-binding properties, while enhancement of CYTc content in shoots was probably a signal of severe growth inhibition owing to ROS accumulation.
https://ift.tt/2Na8Njr
Skin type differences in solar simulated radiation‐induced oxidative stress
British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
https://ift.tt/2oHiPLn
Scholar : Shakespeare, Volume 14, Issue 3, September 2018 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online
Cadmium-accumulator straw application alleviates cadmium stress of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) by promoting photosynthetic activity and antioxidative enzyme activities
Abstract
The effects of application of straw derived from cadmium (Cd) accumulator plants (Siegesbeckia orientalis, Conyza canadensis, Eclipta prostrata, and Solanum photeinocarpum) on growth and Cd accumulation of lettuce plants grown under Cd exposure were studied. Treatment with straw of the four Cd-accumulator species promoted growth, photosynthesis, and soluble protein contents and enhanced the activities of peroxidase in leaves of lettuce seedlings. The biomass of shoot of lettuce from high to low in turn is the treatment of C. canadensis straw > S. photeinocarpum straw > S. orientalis > E. prostrata > Control. The Cd content in edible parts (shoots) of the lettuce plants was significantly decreased in the presence of straw from the Cd-accumulator species, except the presence of the straw of E. prostrata. And, the greatest reduction in Cd content in shoots was 27.09% in the S. photeinocarpum straw treatment compared with that of the control. Therefore, application of straw of S. orientalis, C. canadensis, and S. photeinocarpum can promote the growth of lettuce seedlings, and decrease their Cd accumulation, when grown in Cd-contaminated soil, which is beneficial for production of lettuce safe for human consumption.
https://ift.tt/2oztxTP
Impact of marine and continental sources on aerosol characteristics using an on-board SPAMS over southeast sea, China
Abstract
The chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols was characterized using an on-board single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) over the Southeast China Sea. High-time-resolution observation of marine aerosols was carried out to clarify the source of aerosols and the interaction of marine and continental aerosols. Atmospheric aerosols were determined by the interaction of continental and marine sources over coastal area. Aerosols from continental sources flux into sea surfaces through deposition or diffusion, which results in the rapid decrease of continental aerosols. Five main subtypes of carbonaceous particles are identified as C_Al-Si, C_V-Ni, C_S, C_K, and C_secondary to clarify the impact of marine and continental sources on atmospheric aerosols. High fraction of C_Al-Si and C_secondary is present over XA (Xiamen anchorage), accounting for 23.8% and 18.6% of total carbonaceous particles. Contrarily, the relative percentage of C_S increases as the distance from land to sea increases. The influence of continental aerosols declines, while the contribution of marine aerosols increases as the distance from land to sea increases. Air masses in XA, LSA (land to sea area), SLA (sea to land area), and SA (sea area) were all from ocean during the observation period, resulting in low relative fraction of continental aerosols in SLA, SA, and LSA. High-time-resolution measurement is useful to understand aerosol source types and the impact of marine and continental sources on marine atmosphere aerosols.
https://ift.tt/2MLnL03
Efficacy of high-intensity laser therapy in comparison with conventional physiotherapy and exercise therapy on pain and function of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial with 12-week follow up
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders causing pain and functional impairment. The purpose of the study is to compare the effects of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT), conventional physical therapy (CPT), and exercise therapy (ET) on pain and function in patients with KOA. The study was designed as an assessor-blind randomized controlled trial. Ninety-three patients (aged between 50 and 75 years) with proved KOA were included and randomly allocated into three groups, and received 12 sessions of HILT, CPT, or ET. The outcomes were pain intensity measured by visual analog scale (VAS), knee flexion range of motion (FROM), timed up and go test (TUG), 6-min walk test (6MWT), and functionality of knee measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) questionnaire. Statistical analyses were done to compare the amounts at the baseline, immediately after treatment and after 12 weeks. HILT was significantly more effective than the other groups in decreasing the VAS, increasing FROM and improving the scores of WOMAC (total and function subscale) both after treatment and after 12 weeks. The effect of HILT and CPT on the TUG, 6MWT, and WOMAC pain subscale was not significantly different after treatment, and both were better than ET. HILT was significantly better than the others after follow-up, particularly more effective on the stiffness subscale of WOMAC. HILT combined with exercise therapy, as a useful therapeutic approach, could have positive influences on KOA patients.
https://ift.tt/2CfddS6
The role of nutrition in inflammatory pilosebaceous disorders: Implication of the skin‐gut axis
Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2ClAaDg
Setting sun pattern in dermoscopy of a scalp nodule
Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2wBSwKG
Decreased Systemic Levels of Endocan-1 and CXCL16 in Psoriasis Are Restored following Narrowband UVB Treatment
Background: In psoriasis, a common immune-mediated disease affecting 2–3% of the population worldwide, there is an increased prevalence of extracutaneous diseases including obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. This is believed to be linked to systemic inflammation. In previous studies, we have explored various markers in plasma and serum to characterize the ongoing systemic inflammation in psoriasis patients compared to controls. We have identified several markers that were altered in psoriasis patients, but which all were unresponsive to narrowband UVB (NB-UVB) treatment. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of NB-UVB treatment on markers of cardiovascular risk and systemic inflammation in psoriasis. Methods: The levels of 17 potential biomarkers with an association with cardiovascular risk were quantitated in plasma from 37 age- and gender-matched psoriasis patients and controls at baseline and in 21 psoriasis patients after 12 weeks of NB-UVB treatment to identify a systemic treatment response. Results: We identified the mediators endocan-1, CXCL16, and sVEGFR1, which were systemically decreased in psoriasis at baseline, as well as FABP3, FABP4, and sIL-1R1, which showed normal baseline levels. After 10–12 weeks of NB-UVB treatment, endocan-1 and CXCL16 were restored to normal levels, while sVEGFR1, FABP3, FABP4, and sIL-1R1 showed a significant reduction. Conclusion: The current study expands the number of potential biomarkers in psoriasis by including a greater number and variety of mediators, approaching the systemic inflammation from additional vantage points, including soluble immune receptors and adipocyte contribution, to provide a more complete picture of the systemic inflammatory state in psoriasis.
Dermatology
https://ift.tt/2ozkYs7
Dermatology
https://ift.tt/2ozkYs7
An investigator‐blinded, randomized, prospective, comparative study of efficacy of four anti‐inflammatory and barrier hand moisturizers in patients with chronic hand dermatitis
Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.
https://ift.tt/2PwFQvA
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Publication date: September 2017 Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 110 Author(s): Lucía Fernández-del-Río, Anish Nag, Elen...
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Abstract Noise pollution is a major factor of environmental complaints in many cities, which has significant impacts on human health. As a...
