Abstract
Objective
Copeptin has been reported to be associated with stress, obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in adults. However, data in childhood are scarce. Therefore, we studied the relationships between copeptin, cortisol, puberty, and parameters of the MetS in children.
Design
Cross-sectional study.
Patients
51 obese children (10.8±3.2years, 39% male, 45% prepubertal, body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) 2.77±0.56) and 24 lean children of similar age, gender, and pubertal stage.
Measurements
Copeptin, serum cortisol, 24h urinary free cortisol, BMI-SDS and, as parameters of the MetS, insulin resistance index (HOMA), HbA1c, uric acids, blood pressure and lipids.
Results
Copeptin levels were significantly (p=0.047) higher in obese children (5.8±2.8pmol/l) compared to lean children (4.6±2.2pmol/l). BMI-SDS (coefficient 0.38 ±0.35, p=0.033), but not any parameter of the MetS, was significantly related to copeptin in multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for age, gender and pubertal stage. 24h urinary free cortisol (coefficient 0.13±0.06,p<0.001), but not serum cortisol, was significantly related to copeptin in multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, pubertal stage and BMI-SDS. Pubertal boys (6.6±2.8pmol/l) demonstrated significantly (p=0.042) higher copeptin levels compared to pubertal girls (4.8±2.6pmol/l), while coeptin concentrations did not differ between prepubertal girls and boys.
Conclusions
Copeptin levels are related to 24h urinary free cortisol in obese children. Pubertal boys, but not prepubertal boys demonstrated higher copeptin levels than girls, suggesting that sex hormones are involved in the regulation of copeptin levels. Further studies are necessary to understand the relationship between obesity, cortisol, gender, pubertal stage and copeptin levels.
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