“Sarcomatoid” carcinomas of the lung: a clinicopathologic study of 86 cases with a new perspective on tumor classification

Publication date: Available online 16 December 2016
Source:Human Pathology
Author(s): Annikka Weissferdt, Neda Kalhor, Arlene M Correa, Cesar A Moran
Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma includes a heterogenous group of tumors which is difficult to diagnose and treat. We report the clinicopathological features of 86 such tumors, including 74 pleomorphic and 12 spindle cell carcinomas, and propose a novel approach to the classification of these neoplasms in an attempt to better guide patient management. The patients were 47 males and 39 females aged 36 to 87 years (mean, 63 years) who primarily presented with shortness of breath, cough and chest pain. Eighty-six percent of patients had a smoking history. Histologically, the pleomorphic carcinomas consisted of spindle and/or giant cells with varying proportions of conventional non-small cell carcinoma in the form of adenocarcinoma (n=29), squamous cell carcinoma (n=10) or large cell carcinoma (n=18); seventeen cases contained a mix of spindle and giant cells only. The 12 spindle cell carcinomas consisted of spindle cells only. Based on the combined histopathological and immunohistochemical features of these tumors we were able to reanalyze the spectrum of these lesions and reclassify them accordingly. Statistical analysis revealed an overall survival at 3, 5 and 10 years of 42.9%, 34.6% and 23.5%, respectively, and a median survival of 15 months. Log rank test showed that in multivariate analysis only pathological T stage was a factor associated with prognosis. The current classification of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas precludes optimal triaging of these tumors with the risk of denying patients access to novel treatment. Our proposal for a reclassification of these tumors would more accurately guide patient management and facilitate targeted therapies.



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