Colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms in long-term care facilities in Italy: a point-prevalence study.

Colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms in long-term care facilities in Italy: a point-prevalence study.

Clin Microbiol Infect. 2017 Apr 12;:

Authors: Giufrè M, Ricchizzi E, Accogli M, Barbanti F, Monaco M, Pimentel de Araujo F, Farina C, Fazii P, Mattei R, Sarti M, Barozzi A, Buttazzi R, Cosentino M, Nardone M, Savini V, Spigaglia P, Pantosti A, Moro ML, Cerquetti M

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine prevalence and risk factors for colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in long-term care facility (LTCF) residents in Italy. Genotypes of MDRO isolates were investigated.
METHODS: A point-prevalence study was conducted at 12 LTCFs located in 4 Italian cities (2 February-14 March 2015). Rectal swabs, faeces and nasal/auxiliary swabs were cultured for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and/or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridium difficile and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of ESBL and/or carbapenemase genes and molecular typing of MDROs were performed. Risk factors for colonization were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 489 LTCF residents aged ≥65 years were enrolled. The prevalence of colonization by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, MRSA and C. difficile was 57.3% (279/487), 17.2% (84/487) and 5.1% (21/409), respectively. Carriage rate of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae was 1% (5/487). Being bedridden was a common independent risk factor for colonization by all MDROs, although risk factors specific for each MDRO were identified. ESBL-producing E. coli carriage was associated with the ST131-H30 subclone, but other minor STs predominated in individual LTCF or in LTCFs located in the same city, suggesting a role for intra-facility or local transmission. Similarly, MRSA from LTCF residents belonged to the same spa types/ST clones (t008/ST8 and t032/ST22) commonly found in Italian acute-care hospitals, but infrequent spa types were recovered in individual LTCFs. The prevalent C. difficile PCR-ribotypes were 356/607 and 018, both common in Italian acute-care hospitals.
CONCLUSIONS: MDRO colonization is common among residents in Italian LTCFs.

PMID: 28412380 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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