Genomic Evolution of Breast Cancer Metastasis and Relapse

Publication date: 14 August 2017
Source:Cancer Cell, Volume 32, Issue 2
Author(s): Lucy R. Yates, Stian Knappskog, David Wedge, James H.R. Farmery, Santiago Gonzalez, Inigo Martincorena, Ludmil B. Alexandrov, Peter Van Loo, Hans Kristian Haugland, Peer Kaare Lilleng, Gunes Gundem, Moritz Gerstung, Elli Pappaemmanuil, Patrycja Gazinska, Shriram G. Bhosle, David Jones, Keiran Raine, Laura Mudie, Calli Latimer, Elinor Sawyer, Christine Desmedt, Christos Sotiriou, Michael R. Stratton, Anieta M. Sieuwerts, Andy G. Lynch, John W. Martens, Andrea L. Richardson, Andrew Tutt, Per Eystein Lønning, Peter J. Campbell
Patterns of genomic evolution between primary and metastatic breast cancer have not been studied in large numbers, despite patients with metastatic breast cancer having dismal survival. We sequenced whole genomes or a panel of 365 genes on 299 samples from 170 patients with locally relapsed or metastatic breast cancer. Several lines of analysis indicate that clones seeding metastasis or relapse disseminate late from primary tumors, but continue to acquire mutations, mostly accessing the same mutational processes active in the primary tumor. Most distant metastases acquired driver mutations not seen in the primary tumor, drawing from a wider repertoire of cancer genes than early drivers. These include a number of clinically actionable alterations and mutations inactivating SWI-SNF and JAK2-STAT3 pathways.

Graphical abstract

Teaser

By sequencing primary, locally relapsed, and metastatic breast cancers, Yates et al. show that clones seeding metastasis or relapse disseminate late from primary tumors but continue to acquire mutations, including clinically actionable alterations and mutations inactivating the SWI/SNF and JAK2-STAT3 pathways.


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